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TEN
-YE
AR
PLA
N T
O
EN
D C
HR
ON
IC H
OM
ELE
SS
NE
SS
W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
Cou
nty,
Nor
th C
arol
ina
App
rove
d B
y W
inst
on-S
alem
City
Cou
ncil
May
15,
200
6 Fo
rsyt
h C
ount
y B
oard
of C
omm
issi
oner
s A
ugus
t 14,
200
6
VISI
ON
STA
TEM
ENT
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y, w
ith th
e fu
ll su
ppor
t of t
he c
omm
unity
an
d ho
mel
ess s
ervi
ce p
rovi
ders
, will
pro
vide
effe
ctiv
e so
lutio
ns a
nd a
cces
sibl
e se
rvic
es to
elim
inat
e ch
roni
c ho
mel
essn
ess a
nd im
prov
e th
e sy
stem
’s e
ffect
iven
ess
for a
ll pe
rson
s exp
erie
ncin
g a
hous
ing
cris
is.
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
2
TA
BLE
OF
CO
NTE
NTS
A
ckno
wle
dgem
ents
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P
AR
T O
NE
: E
XE
CU
TIV
E S
UM
MA
RY
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. .5
PA
RT
TWO
: A
SS
ES
SIN
G T
HE
NE
ED
S O
F TH
E H
OM
ELE
SS
. .
. . .
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. . 1
1 P
AR
T TH
REE
: A
SS
ES
SM
EN
T O
F C
UR
RE
NT
HO
ME
LES
S S
ER
VIC
E D
ELI
VE
RY
SY
STE
M .
. ..
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
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. . .
. . .
21
PA
RT
FOU
R:
FUTU
RE
SY
STE
M P
RO
GR
AM
MO
DE
LS .
. . .
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. . .2
5 P
AR
T FI
VE
: IM
PLE
ME
NTA
TIO
N S
TRA
TEG
IES
– H
OW
WE
GE
T IT
DO
NE
. .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
. . .
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. . .
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. . 3
9
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
3
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Des
ign
by G
oodg
e S
treet
Pre
ss /
Edi
ting
by Z
vetin
a an
d A
ssoc
., In
c.
Page
4
AC
KN
OW
LED
GE
ME
NTS
Th
is P
lan
was
dev
elop
ed u
nder
the
lea
ders
hip
of t
he C
ity o
f W
inst
on-S
alem
M
ayor
Al
len
Join
es
and
the
Win
ston
-S
alem
/For
syth
C
ount
y B
lue
Rib
bon
Task
Fo
rce
on
Hom
eles
snes
s, c
haire
d by
Cou
ncilm
an N
elso
n M
allo
y.
This
P
lan
wou
ld n
ot h
ave
been
pos
sibl
e w
ithou
t th
e in
form
atio
n pr
ovid
ed b
y ad
ult s
ingl
e m
en, a
dult
sing
le w
omen
, and
fam
ilies
re
sidi
ng
in
loca
l ho
mel
ess
serv
ice
prog
ram
s,
as
wel
l as
feed
back
fro
m
key
stak
ehol
ders
an
d ho
mel
ess
assi
stan
ce
prov
ider
st
aff
mem
bers
. Th
e Ta
sk
Forc
e al
so
grea
tly
appr
ecia
tes
the
thou
ghtfu
l gu
idan
ce a
nd s
uppo
rt pr
ovid
ed b
y D
r. M
onic
a Le
tt an
d Ti
m W
est
of t
he C
ity o
f W
inst
on-S
alem
D
epar
tmen
t of
Hou
sing
/Nei
ghbo
rhoo
d D
evel
opm
ent
and
the
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ounc
il on
Ser
vice
s fo
r th
e H
omel
ess
Exe
cutiv
e B
oard
. B
lue
Rib
bon
Task
For
ce o
n H
omel
essn
ess
N
elso
n L.
Mal
loy,
Jr.,
Win
ston
-Sal
em C
ity C
ounc
il
Bea
ufor
t O. B
aile
y, F
orsy
th C
ount
y C
omm
issi
oner
Jo
yce
Adg
er, K
ate
B. R
eyno
lds
Cha
ritab
le T
rust
Jo
hn A
nder
son,
Wak
e Fo
rest
Uni
vers
ity
Lou
Bal
dwin
, Bal
dwin
Com
pani
es
Dan
Bee
rman
,Win
ston
-Sal
em T
rans
it A
utho
rity
D
avid
Bos
ton,
The
Bet
hesd
a C
ente
r P
atric
ia C
hont
os, C
omm
unity
Adv
ocat
e
Laur
ie C
oker
, Con
sum
er &
Fam
ily A
dvis
ory
Com
mitt
ee
Bre
nda
Eva
ns, D
epar
tmen
t of S
ocia
l Ser
vice
s
Fern
ando
Gar
zón,
Acc
ión
His
pana
R
ev. D
on G
oodh
eart,
St.
Pau
l’s E
pisc
opal
Chu
rch
Th
eres
a H
ause
r. C
ham
ber o
f Com
mer
ce
Des
irée
Littl
e,Th
e S
alva
tion
Arm
y
Don
ald
L. M
artin
, Jr.,
W-S
/FC
Cou
nty
Sch
ools
Jo
nath
an M
artin
,Win
ston
-Sal
em S
tate
Uni
vers
ity
Fulto
n M
each
em, H
ousi
ng A
utho
rity
of W
inst
on-S
alem
R
ev. J
ohn
Shi
elds
, St.
Pau
l’s E
pisc
opal
Chu
rch
M
able
Ste
vens
on, H
ost H
omes
, Cat
holic
Soc
ial S
ervi
ces
G
reg
Thom
as, S
alem
Col
lege
Ji
m W
alke
r, Jo
hn S
. Cla
rk C
o.
Rev
. Cha
rles
Wils
on,W
SFC
Cou
ncil
on S
ervi
ces
for t
he H
omel
ess
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y C
ounc
il on
Se
rvic
es fo
r the
Hom
eles
s E
xecu
tive
Boa
rd
Rev
. Cha
rles
Wils
on, C
hairm
an
Willi
am A
dker
son,
The
Bet
hesd
a C
ente
r for
the
Hom
eles
s Ja
mes
Asb
ury,
The
Bet
hesd
a C
ente
r for
the
Hom
eles
s R
ev. G
inny
Brit
t,The
Adv
ocac
y fo
r the
Poo
r M
oniq
ue F
reen
ey,T
he S
alva
tion
Arm
y S
usan
Gar
ner,
Nex
t Ste
p M
inis
tries
N
an G
risw
old,
Sec
ond
Har
vest
Foo
d B
ank
of N
orth
wes
t Nor
th C
arol
ina
Obi
e Jo
hnso
n, P
artn
ersh
ip fo
r Beh
avio
ral H
ealth
C
hery
l Kis
er, A
IDS
Car
e Se
rvic
e S
onjia
Kur
osky
, Sam
arita
n M
inis
tries
W
illis
Mille
r, S
amar
itan
Min
istri
es
Dan
Par
sons
,Win
ston
-Sal
em R
escu
e M
issi
on
Twan
a W
ellm
an, E
xper
imen
t in
Sel
f-Rel
ianc
e Ti
m W
est,
City
of W
inst
on-S
alem
Hou
sing
/Nei
ghbo
rhoo
d D
evel
opm
ent
Sta
ff
Lind
a Ja
ckso
n-B
arne
s,W
inst
on-S
alem
May
or’s
Offi
ce
Mon
ica
R. L
ett,W
inst
on-S
alem
Hou
sing
/Nei
ghbo
rhoo
d D
ev. D
ept.
Tim
Wes
t,Win
ston
-Sal
em H
ousi
ng/N
eigh
borh
ood
Dev
. Dep
t. J.
Wes
s G
aith
er II
, HU
D C
omm
unity
Dev
elop
men
t Fel
low
Fa
cilit
atio
n an
d W
ritin
g: B
rook
e E
. Spe
llman
Inc.
& M
att W
hite
Con
sulti
ng
Pho
tos
by S
. Rog
er M
atth
ews,
Cop
yrig
ht S
econ
d H
arve
st F
ood
Ban
k of
NW
NC
PAR
T O
NE:
EXE
CU
TIVE
SU
MM
AR
Y
Ove
rvie
w
App
roxi
mat
ely
1,80
0 pe
ople
ex
perie
nce
hom
eles
snes
s in
W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
Cou
nty
each
yea
r. Tw
enty
per
cent
are
fa
mili
es;
arou
nd 2
00 a
re c
hild
ren.
Ove
r th
e pa
st 2
0 ye
ars,
Win
ston
-Sal
em
has
deve
lope
d a
stro
ng,
com
mun
ity-b
ased
re
spon
se to
this
pro
blem
, with
num
erou
s ag
enci
es w
orki
ng to
pr
ovid
e sh
ort-t
erm
em
erge
ncy
serv
ices
and
she
lter
to p
eopl
e w
ho f
ind
them
selv
es h
omel
ess.
Des
pite
thi
s ea
rnes
t re
spon
se
and
cons
ider
able
inv
estm
ents
of
time,
ene
rgy,
and
fin
anci
al
reso
urce
s, ou
r res
iden
ts c
ontin
ue to
exp
erie
nce
hom
eles
snes
s—m
any
repe
ated
ly a
nd fo
r lon
g pe
riods
of t
ime.
Win
ston
-Sal
em i
s no
t un
ique
in
this
. Th
e St
atus
Rep
ort
on
Hun
ger
and
Hom
eles
snes
s in
Am
eric
a’s
Citi
es r
elea
sed
by th
e U
.S. C
onfe
renc
e of
May
ors
in 2
004
indi
cate
s th
at r
eque
sts
for
shel
ter
rose
an
aver
age
of 6
% n
atio
nally
in
the
past
yea
r. A
s w
ell,
the
repo
rt no
tes
that
in a
maj
ority
of
citie
s th
e le
ngth
of
time
peop
le r
emai
n ho
mel
ess
is i
ncre
asin
g. T
hese
dis
turb
ing
trend
s mea
n th
at W
inst
on-S
alem
mus
t wor
k m
ore
effe
ctiv
ely
to
reso
lve
hom
eles
snes
s fo
r ou
r ci
tizen
s. O
ur c
urre
nt a
ppro
ach,
de
sign
ed to
ass
ist p
eopl
e on
a te
mpo
rary
bas
is, i
s ins
uffic
ient
to
win
the
bat
tle t
o en
d ho
mel
essn
ess,
parti
cula
rly f
or t
hose
for
w
hom
hom
eles
snes
s ha
s be
com
e a
chro
nic
cond
ition
. We
need
a
new
app
roac
h. O
ne th
at ta
kes
wha
t wor
ks w
ithin
our
exi
stin
g sy
stem
and
pai
rs it
with
stra
tegi
es th
at a
re p
rovi
ng e
ffec
tive
in
othe
r co
mm
uniti
es a
t re
solv
ing
hom
eles
snes
s fo
r th
ose
still
fa
lling
thro
ugh
the
crac
ks.
Ove
r the
pas
t six
mon
ths,
lead
ers
in o
ur c
omm
unity
hav
e co
me
toge
ther
to d
evel
op a
pla
n fo
r end
ing
the
chro
nic
hom
eles
snes
s of
the
se i
ndiv
idua
ls,
and
impr
ovin
g th
e ef
ficie
ncy
and
cost
-ef
fect
iven
ess
of
our
syst
em
of
care
ov
eral
l. W
e ha
ve
dem
onst
rate
d th
at
we
have
th
e co
mm
itmen
t fo
r th
is
unde
rtaki
ng.
With
th
is
Ten-
Yea
r Pl
an
as
our
guid
ing
fram
ewor
k, w
e ar
e po
ised
to b
egin
.
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y B
lue
Rib
bon
Task
For
ce o
n H
omel
essn
ess
In
Dec
embe
r 200
4, th
e M
ayor
of W
inst
on-S
alem
, Alle
n Jo
ines
, as
ked
com
mun
ity le
ader
s to
par
ticip
ate
in a
Blu
e R
ibbo
n Ta
sk
Forc
e on
Hom
eles
snes
s. Th
e Ta
sk F
orce
’s c
harg
e w
as to
ass
ess
the
need
s of
peo
ple
who
exp
erie
nce
hom
eles
snes
s an
d de
velo
p a
plan
to
end
chro
nic
hom
eles
snes
s in
Win
ston
-Sal
em a
nd
Fors
yth
Cou
nty.
The
Task
For
ce a
gree
d up
on th
e fo
llow
ing
visi
on st
atem
ent:
W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
Cou
nty,
with
the
ful
l su
ppor
t of
the
co
mm
unity
an
d ho
mel
ess
serv
ice
prov
ider
s, w
ill
prov
ide
effe
ctiv
e so
lutio
ns a
nd a
cces
sibl
e se
rvic
es to
elim
inat
e ch
roni
c ho
mel
essn
ess
and
impr
ove
the
syst
em’s
effe
ctiv
enes
s fo
r al
l pe
rson
s exp
erie
ncin
g a
hous
ing
cris
is.
The
Task
For
ce g
athe
red
inpu
t fro
m th
e co
mm
unity
, exa
min
ed
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
5
loca
l ho
usin
g se
rvic
es
and
reso
urce
s fo
r ad
dres
sing
ho
mel
essn
ess,
stud
ied
serv
ice
utili
zatio
n pa
ttern
s to
bet
ter
unde
rsta
nd h
ow p
erso
ns e
xper
ienc
ing
hom
eles
snes
s ar
e us
ing
the
shel
ter s
yste
m, a
nd re
view
ed su
cces
sful
pro
gram
s ope
ratin
g in
oth
er m
etro
polit
an a
reas
. Th
is r
esea
rch
help
ed t
o m
ore
clea
rly d
efin
e th
e ne
eds
of i
ndiv
idua
ls a
nd f
amili
es w
ho
expe
rienc
e ho
mel
essn
ess
in
Win
ston
-Sal
em
and
iden
tify
evid
ence
-bas
ed
stra
tegi
es
and
initi
ativ
es
to
reso
lve
hom
eles
snes
s in
the
mos
t eff
icie
nt a
nd e
ffec
tive
man
ner.
The
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to
End
Chr
onic
Hom
eles
snes
s, th
e cu
lmin
atio
n of
this
eff
ort,
outli
nes
the
initi
ativ
es
Win
ston
-Sal
em
will
un
derta
ke
to
achi
eve
the
two
broa
d go
als
of it
s vi
sion
and
the
philo
soph
ical
ap
proa
ch th
at w
ill g
uide
them
.
Spec
ifica
lly, t
he P
lan
calls
for:
• Cre
atio
n of
app
roxi
mat
ely
600
new
uni
ts o
f per
-m
anen
t, se
rvic
e-en
riche
d ho
usin
g fo
r ind
ivid
uals
an
d fa
mili
es w
ho a
re h
omel
ess.
Bec
ause
for m
any,
pa
rticu
larly
thos
e fo
r who
m h
omel
essn
ess i
s mor
e ch
roni
c in
nat
ure
and
com
plic
ated
by
issu
es o
f dis
abili
ty,
affo
rdab
le h
ousi
ng a
lone
will
not
end
hom
eles
snes
s, th
is
hous
ing
will
incl
ude
the
prov
isio
n of
a ra
nge
of se
rvic
es.
• Dev
elop
men
t of e
mpl
oym
ent s
ervi
ces
to e
nsur
e th
at
pers
ons w
ho a
re h
omel
ess a
re a
ssis
ted
in fi
ndin
g w
ork
and
achi
evin
g th
eir e
mpl
oym
ent g
oals
. • S
trat
egie
s to
impr
ove
colla
bora
tion
amon
g se
rvic
e pr
ovid
ers.
• Ado
ptio
n of
a “
Hou
sing
Firs
t” a
ppro
ach
in d
evel
-op
ing
and
man
agin
g pr
ogra
ms.
• A
serie
s of g
ener
al s
yste
m e
nhan
cem
ents
to e
nsur
e th
at m
ains
tream
reso
urce
s and
hom
eles
s-sp
ecifi
c se
rvic
es
are
mor
e ef
fect
ive.
A
New
App
roac
h
The
Ten-
Yea
r Pl
an c
alls
for
a “
hous
ing
first
” ap
proa
ch t
hat
emph
asiz
es p
laci
ng in
divi
dual
s an
d fa
mili
es w
ho a
re h
omel
ess
in s
afe
and
affo
rdab
le h
ousi
ng a
s an
im
med
iate
res
pons
e to
th
eir c
risis
and
then
ens
urin
g th
at th
e ne
cess
ary
supp
orts
are
in
plac
e to
sus
tain
that
hou
sing
. The
Pla
n re
cogn
izes
that
acc
ess
to
hous
ing
is
a ba
sic
hum
an
need
th
at
shou
ld
not
be
cond
ition
ed o
n ex
tern
al m
easu
res
of c
lient
rea
dine
ss, s
uch
as
empl
oym
ent,
sobr
iety
, or
w
illin
gnes
s to
ac
cept
tre
atm
ent.
Hou
sing
Firs
t is
pre
mis
ed o
n th
e be
lief
that
the
und
erly
ing
caus
es o
f hom
eles
snes
s can
be
mor
e ef
fect
ivel
y ad
dres
sed
once
a
pers
on is
hou
sed.
And
, in
fact
, res
earc
h sh
ows t
hat p
eopl
e ar
e m
ost
succ
essf
ul a
t ad
dres
sing
iss
ues
that
ofte
n co
ntrib
ute
to
hom
eles
snes
s su
ch a
s un
empl
oym
ent,
serio
us m
enta
l ill
ness
, an
d ad
dict
ion
whe
n th
eir
hous
ing
is
stab
ilize
d fir
st
and
supp
ortiv
e se
rvic
es
are
then
of
fere
d to
pr
omot
e ho
usin
g st
abili
ty.
Hou
sing
Fir
st re
pres
ents
a si
mpl
e bu
t pro
foun
d sh
ift in
the
way
th
at th
e ho
mel
ess
syst
em re
spon
ds to
thos
e it
serv
es. T
he P
lan
calls
for
qui
ckly
pla
cing
peo
ple
in a
ppro
pria
te h
ousi
ng b
ased
up
on c
lient
s’ in
divi
dual
nee
ds a
nd p
refe
renc
es a
nd e
ncou
ragi
ng
them
to
acce
pt n
eede
d su
ppor
t se
rvic
es.
Thes
e su
ppor
tive
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
6
hous
ing
envi
ronm
ents
can
var
y gr
eatly
—ra
ngin
g fr
om p
rivat
e m
arke
t ap
artm
ents
to
w
hich
su
bsid
ies
and
serv
ices
ar
e at
tach
ed,
grou
p liv
ing
setti
ngs
for
pers
ons
with
dis
abili
ties,
treat
men
t ho
usin
g,
to
hous
ing
that
m
ixes
pe
rson
s w
ith
disa
bilit
ies,
empl
oyed
pe
rson
s an
d/or
ot
her
low
-inco
me
resi
dent
s. In
add
ition
, the
Pla
n ca
lls fo
r a si
gnifi
cant
inve
stm
ent
in a
new
sup
porti
ve h
ousi
ng m
odel
cal
led
Tran
sitio
n in
Pla
ce.
Tran
sitio
n in
Pla
ce ta
kes
adva
ntag
e of
exi
stin
g pr
ivat
e m
arke
t re
ntal
ho
usin
g an
d au
gmen
ts
it w
ith
tailo
red,
fle
xibl
e su
ppor
tive
serv
ices
tha
t dec
reas
e in
int
ensi
ty o
ver
time
base
d on
the
clie
nt’s
pro
gres
s to
war
d se
lf-su
ffic
ienc
y. T
rans
ition
in
Plac
e pr
omot
es h
ousi
ng c
ontin
uity
, max
imiz
es u
se o
f ex
istin
g ho
usin
g re
sour
ces,
and
redu
ces
the
dens
ity
of
hom
eles
s se
rvic
es in
the
cent
ral c
ity.
Key
Com
pone
nts
of th
e Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
In
its
res
earc
h, t
he T
ask
Forc
e le
arne
d th
at o
ften
the
curr
ent
syst
em i
s ef
fect
ive
at a
ddre
ssin
g th
e em
erge
ncy
need
s of
in
divi
dual
s an
d fa
mili
es w
ho b
ecom
e ho
mel
ess.
Man
y of
thos
e se
rved
sim
ply
need
tem
pora
ry a
ssis
tanc
e in
mee
ting
thei
r bas
ic
need
s (e
.g.
safe
she
lter,
food
, a
plac
e to
sho
wer
, et
c.)
and
acce
ss to
res
ourc
es. T
hey
are
hom
eles
s fo
r a
shor
t per
iod
and
are
able
to
reso
lve
thei
r ho
usin
g cr
isis
with
fai
rly m
inim
al
assi
stan
ce. T
he c
urre
nt e
mer
genc
y sh
elte
r sy
stem
, how
ever
, is
not a
n ef
fect
ive
way
to a
ddre
ss th
e ne
eds
of p
erso
ns w
ho h
ave
been
hom
eles
s fo
r lo
ng p
erio
ds o
f tim
e an
d m
ay s
trugg
le w
ith
disa
bilit
ies
such
as
serio
us m
enta
l ill
ness
es,
subs
tanc
e ab
use,
an
d/or
ph
ysic
al
disa
bilit
ies.
Pers
ons
who
ex
perie
nce
such
ch
roni
c ho
mel
essn
ess
need
ho
usin
g an
d se
rvic
es
that
th
e pr
esen
t sys
tem
is il
l equ
ippe
d to
pro
vide
.
For
a sy
stem
to
fully
and
eff
ectiv
ely
addr
ess
hom
eles
snes
s it
mus
t inc
lude
a ra
nge
of h
ousi
ng a
nd s
ervi
ce s
trate
gies
that
are
ta
ilore
d to
mee
t th
e di
vers
e ne
eds
expe
rienc
ed b
y in
divi
dual
s an
d fa
mili
es w
ho b
ecom
e ho
mel
ess—
stra
te-g
ies
that
are
firm
ly
grou
nded
in
an
un
ders
tand
ing
of
how
th
ose
need
s va
ry
acco
rdin
g to
whe
ther
hom
eles
snes
s is
tran
sitio
nal o
r chr
onic
in
natu
re. T
o su
ccee
d, th
e ex
istin
g ho
mel
ess
serv
ice
syst
em m
ust
alte
r its
app
roac
h fr
om o
ne t
hat
resp
onds
to
all
indi
vidu
als
expe
rienc
ing
hom
eles
snes
s in
si
mila
r w
ays,
to
one
that
di
ffer
entia
tes
betw
een
serv
ices
for
per
sons
with
sho
rt-te
rm
need
s and
thos
e re
quiri
ng lo
ng-te
rm su
ppor
t.
Clie
nts
with
Sho
rt-te
rm N
eeds
Th
e Pl
an c
alls
for
enh
ance
men
ts t
o th
e em
erge
ncy
shel
ter
syst
em to
ens
ure
that
all
pers
ons
in n
eed
of s
helte
r hav
e ac
cess
to
cle
an, s
afe
acco
mm
odat
ions
and
ess
entia
l ser
vice
s, in
clud
ing
linka
ge t
o co
mm
unity
hou
sing
and
ben
efits
scr
eeni
ng. A
s th
e fr
ont
door
to
the
hom
eles
s se
rvic
e sy
stem
, th
ese
emer
genc
y fa
cilit
ies
will
ser
ve th
ose
who
are
tran
sitio
nally
hom
eles
s an
d ac
t as a
gat
eway
to o
ther
hou
sing
and
supp
ort s
ervi
ces f
or th
ose
pers
ons w
ho a
re a
t ris
k of
bec
omin
g lo
ng-te
rm sh
elte
r use
rs.
In a
dditi
on to
this
bas
ic e
nhan
cem
ent o
f the
em
erge
ncy
shel
ter
syst
em,
Win
ston
-Sal
em’s
coo
rdin
ated
res
pons
e to
ind
ivid
uals
an
d fa
mili
es e
xper
ienc
ing
a tra
nsiti
onal
hou
sing
cris
is w
ill
incl
ude:
• E
xpan
sion
of p
reve
ntio
n as
sist
ance
to in
clud
e tim
e-lim
ited
(up
to 3
mon
ths)
of r
enta
l ass
ista
nce,
land
lord
-tena
nt
med
iatio
n, a
nd d
isch
arge
pla
nnin
g w
ith p
rison
s and
med
ical
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
7
faci
litie
s to
prev
ent r
elea
sing
of i
ndiv
idua
ls to
hom
eles
s si
tuat
ions
. • A
“no
wro
ng d
oor”
app
roac
h to
she
lter s
o al
l clie
nts
expe
rienc
e en
hanc
ed e
mer
genc
y sh
elte
r ser
vice
s no
mat
ter
wha
t pro
gram
they
initi
ally
acc
ess:
–
Hou
sing
Firs
t res
pons
e to
hom
eles
snes
s with
a
focu
s on
perm
anen
t hou
sing
pla
cem
ent a
nd sh
orte
r le
ngth
of s
tay
in sh
elte
rs (g
oal o
f pla
cem
ent w
ithin
30
days
).
– H
ousi
ng F
irst R
esou
rce
Cen
ter t
hat s
erve
s as a
ce
ntra
l mec
hani
sm to
man
age
info
rmat
ion
abou
t m
arke
t-rat
e an
d su
bsid
ized
per
man
ent h
ousi
ng
prop
ertie
s; la
ndlo
rd re
latio
nshi
ps; p
reve
ntio
n,
trans
ition
al a
nd p
erm
anen
t hou
sing
subs
idie
s; a
nd ri
sk
man
agem
ent a
ctiv
ities
. • D
evel
opm
ent o
f 268
Tra
nsiti
on in
Pla
ce u
nits
of
perm
anen
t hou
sing
, pro
vidi
ng c
omm
unity
-bas
ed h
ousi
ng
supp
orts
to fa
mili
es a
nd in
divi
dual
s. C
lient
s w
ith L
ong-
term
Nee
ds
The
Plan
cal
ls fo
r dev
elop
men
t of s
uppo
rtive
hou
sing
des
igne
d fo
r re
peat
she
lter
user
s an
d pe
rson
s liv
ing
outd
oors
who
hav
e si
gnifi
cant
bar
riers
to h
ousi
ng st
abili
ty.
• Dev
elop
men
t of 6
9 Tr
ansi
tion
in P
lace
uni
ts o
f per
-m
anen
t hou
sing
. • D
evel
opm
ent o
f 261
Per
man
ent S
uppo
rtiv
e H
ousi
ng
units
. A
dditi
onal
Sys
tem
Enh
ance
men
ts
The
ultim
ate
succ
ess
of W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
Cou
nty’
s Te
n-
Yea
r Pl
an w
ill d
epen
d, i
n pa
rt, o
n th
e av
aila
bilit
y of
oth
er
reso
urce
s an
d su
ppor
tive
serv
ices
in
the
com
mun
ity, a
nd o
ur
abili
ty t
o pa
rlay
our
effo
rts i
nto
larg
er s
yste
ms
chan
ge.
We
mus
t wor
k to
:
• Im
prov
e ac
cess
thro
ugh
disc
harg
e pl
anni
ng a
nd se
rvic
e lin
kage
agr
eem
ents
with
mai
nstre
am re
sour
ce sy
stem
s, su
ch
as e
mpl
oym
ent,
TAN
F, fo
od st
amps
, men
tal h
ealth
, and
su
bsta
nce
abus
e tre
atm
ent.
• E
nsur
e th
e av
aila
bilit
y of
em
ploy
men
t and
trai
ning
serv
ices
th
at im
prov
e ac
cess
to jo
b lis
tings
, com
mun
icat
ion
tech
nolo
gy, t
rans
porta
tion,
and
com
mun
ity w
orkf
orce
de
velo
pmen
t eff
orts
. • D
evel
op p
erfo
rman
ce m
easu
rem
ent s
trate
gies
to se
t ou
tcom
e be
nchm
arks
, col
lect
dat
a, a
nd tr
ack
ongo
ing
perf
orm
ance
and
nee
ds a
t the
pro
gram
and
sys-
tem
-leve
ls.
• Cal
l for
nee
ded
chan
ge a
t the
Sta
te a
nd lo
cal l
evel
s and
ac
ross
syst
ems o
f car
e th
roug
h ad
ditio
nal e
duca
tion
and
polic
y ad
voca
cy to
impr
ove
the
hom
eles
s sys
tem
in th
e la
rger
con
text
of m
enta
l hea
lth re
form
, the
crim
inal
just
ice
syst
em, a
nd a
cces
sibi
lity
of o
ther
mai
nstre
am re
sour
ces.
.
How
We
Get
it D
one
R
esou
rces
A
s de
taile
d in
Par
t Fiv
e, th
e Te
n-Y
ear P
lan
incl
udes
est
imat
ed
cost
s fo
r de
velo
pmen
t, op
erat
ion
and
serv
ices
for
the
new
sy
stem
tot
alin
g ne
arly
$1.
2 m
illio
n fo
r th
e fir
st t
wo
year
s. So
me
cost
s m
ay b
e co
vere
d th
roug
h th
e re
allo
catio
n of
cur
rent
re
sour
ces,
but a
dditi
onal
loca
l res
ourc
es w
ill a
lso
be r
equi
red.
Th
ese
incl
ude
fund
s to
su
ppor
t qu
alifi
ed
staf
f, si
tes
and
subs
idie
s fo
r ne
w
hous
ing
units
, ad
ditio
nal
tech
nolo
gy
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
8
reso
urce
s, co
mm
unic
atio
ns s
yste
ms,
and
othe
r in
fras
truct
ure
enha
ncem
ents
.
The
Plan
iden
tifie
s se
vera
l opt
ions
for t
he p
rocu
rem
ent o
f new
fin
anci
al r
esou
rces
, ran
ging
fro
m e
stab
lishi
ng d
edic
ated
loc
al
reve
nue
sour
ces
for
broa
d-ba
sed
affo
rdab
le h
ousi
ng a
ctiv
ities
to
gen
erat
ing
stat
e an
d fe
dera
l fun
ding
for s
peci
fic p
roje
cts.
Priv
ate
and
publ
ic se
ctor
org
aniz
atio
ns w
ill p
lay
a m
ajor
role
in
reso
urce
dev
elop
men
t an
d in
im
plem
enta
tion.
By
wor
king
in
coop
erat
ion
to a
chie
ve c
omm
on g
oals
, co
mm
unity
res
ourc
es
will
be
used
mor
e ef
ficie
ntly
. A
lthou
gh a
dditi
onal
res
ourc
es
will
be
requ
ired,
the
y w
ill b
e m
anag
ed m
ore
effe
ctiv
ely
thro
ugh
this
com
mun
ity-w
ide
colla
bora
tive.
Gov
erna
nce
Sy
stem
dev
elop
men
t an
d ch
ange
eff
orts
of
the
mag
nitu
de
prop
osed
in
the
Plan
will
req
uire
car
eful
coo
rdin
atio
n an
d m
anag
emen
t by
an
entit
y th
at i
s w
holly
foc
used
on
the
impl
emen
tatio
n of
th
e Pl
an.
Ther
efor
e,
the
Win
ston
-Sa
lem
/For
syth
Cou
nty
Ten-
Yea
r Pl
an C
omm
issi
on w
ill b
e cr
eate
d to
be
resp
onsi
ble
for:
• D
evel
opm
ent a
nd p
rom
otio
n of
pol
icie
s and
pro
gram
s to
end
hom
eles
snes
s.
• Col
labo
ratio
n w
ith h
omel
ess s
ervi
ce p
rovi
ders
to tr
ansi
tion
the
syst
em to
a H
ousi
ng F
irst m
odel
. • I
dent
ifica
tion
and
coor
dina
tion
of fu
ndin
g ef
forts
to su
ppor
t Pl
an o
bjec
tives
. • P
rom
otio
n of
long
-term
syst
em p
lann
ing
and
resp
onse
s to
hom
eles
snes
s.
.
A C
all t
o A
ctio
n
In c
reat
ing
the
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Y
ear
Plan
to
En
d C
hron
ic
Hom
eles
snes
s, ou
r co
mm
unity
jo
ins
the
grow
ing
num
ber
of c
ities
, co
untie
s, an
d st
ates
acr
oss
the
coun
try w
ho h
ave
com
mitt
ed to
not
just
add
ress
ing,
but
end
ing
chro
nic
hom
eles
snes
s. A
nd, w
e ha
ve g
one
furth
er, d
edic
atin
g ou
r eff
orts
to im
prov
ing
the
syst
em fo
r all
area
resi
dent
s fa
cing
ho
mel
essn
ess.
This
wor
k w
ill r
equi
re t
ime,
ene
rgy,
res
ourc
es
and
the
sust
aine
d ef
fort
of m
any
orga
niza
tions
and
indi
vidu
als.
Yet
we
belie
ve it
can
be
done
. Uni
ted
in o
ur v
isio
n an
d go
als,
our
com
mun
ity c
an t
ake
bold
ste
ps to
war
d en
ding
one
of
the
mos
t int
rans
igen
t soc
ial p
robl
ems
of o
ur ti
me,
and
in s
o do
ing
will
reaf
firm
our
com
mitm
ent t
o ou
r mos
t vul
nera
ble
resi
dent
s.
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
9
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
10
PA
RT
TWO
: AS
SE
SS
ING
TH
E N
EE
DS
OF
THE
HO
ME
LES
S
Prev
ailin
g Ec
onom
ic C
ondi
tions
In
thi
s ye
ar, o
ver
four
teen
mill
ion
Am
eric
ans
will
exp
erie
nce
criti
cal
hous
ing
need
s th
at p
lace
the
m a
t ris
k fo
r be
com
ing
hom
eles
s. In
Nor
th C
arol
ina
alon
e, o
ver
two
mill
ion
peop
le
live
in h
omes
the
y ca
nnot
aff
ord,
and
65%
of
rent
ers
with
an
nual
inco
mes
of
less
than
$20
,000
can
not a
ffor
d th
eir
rent
.1
Crit
ical
ho
usin
g ne
eds
are
ofte
n th
e re
sult
of
low
-wag
e em
ploy
men
t, w
hich
is
insu
ffic
ient
to
cove
r ho
usin
g re
late
d co
sts
such
as
depo
sits
, ren
t, m
ortg
age,
and
util
ities
. Whe
n su
ch
a di
spar
ity e
xist
s be
twee
n in
com
e an
d th
e co
st o
f ho
usin
g,
hous
ehol
ds a
re f
orce
d to
mak
e un
tena
ble
choi
ces
in w
hich
ba
sic
nece
ssiti
es s
uch
as f
ood
and
med
ical
car
e ar
e pr
iorit
ized
ab
ove
hous
ing.
Thu
s, it
is n
ot s
urpr
isin
g th
at 4
2% o
f pe
ople
ex
perie
ncin
g ho
mel
essn
ess a
re e
mpl
oyed
.2
A ”
livin
g in
com
e st
anda
rd”
or L
IS re
fers
to th
e lo
cally
def
ined
ho
urly
wag
e th
at a
wor
ker
mus
t ear
n in
ord
er to
aff
ord
a sa
fe,
dece
nt a
nd a
cces
sibl
e pl
ace
to li
ve.3 Th
e LI
S is
bas
ed o
n lo
cal
hous
ing
cost
s and
livi
ng e
xpen
ses i
n ea
ch c
omm
unity
. The
LIS
for
the
317,
810
resi
dent
s of
For
syth
Cou
nty
is i
dent
ified
in
Tabl
e 2.
1.
Whi
le t
he l
ivin
g in
com
e st
anda
rd f
or a
sin
gle
mot
her
of o
ne
resi
ding
in F
orsy
th C
ount
y re
quire
s a w
age
of ju
st o
ver $
12 p
er
hour
, th
e m
inim
um w
age
is $
5.15
, le
ss t
han
half
the
livin
g in
com
e st
anda
rd, l
eavi
ng th
at m
othe
r and
chi
ld fi
rmly
root
ed in
po
verty
and
hig
hly
vuln
erab
le to
epi
sode
s of h
omel
essn
ess.
Sim
ilarly
, in
a t
ight
hou
sing
mar
ket
in w
hich
aff
orda
ble
hous
ing
is a
t a p
rem
ium
it is
far
mor
e di
ffic
ult f
or in
divi
dual
s an
d fa
mili
es w
ho a
re m
ore
vuln
erab
le—
by v
irtue
of
serio
us
disa
bilit
y, p
rior
invo
lvem
ent w
ith th
e cr
imin
al ju
stic
e sy
stem
, or
poo
r cr
edit
or e
mpl
oym
ent
hist
orie
s— t
o co
mpe
te;
a fa
ct
that
pla
ces
them
at g
reat
risk
not
onl
y fo
r hom
eles
snes
s bu
t for
pr
otra
cted
or c
hron
ic h
omel
essn
ess.
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
11
Exte
nt a
nd S
cope
of H
omel
essn
ess
in W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
Cou
nty
D
evel
opin
g ne
w
appr
oach
es
for
reso
lvin
g ch
roni
c ho
me-
less
ness
and
impr
ovin
g th
e de
liver
y of
car
e fo
r al
l tho
se w
ho
beco
me
hom
eles
s ne
cess
itate
s an
und
erst
andi
ng o
f the
sco
pe o
f th
e pr
oble
m—
who
and
how
man
y pe
ople
exp
erie
nce
it an
d fa
ctor
s th
at c
ontri
bute
to o
r miti
gate
it. A
key
cha
lleng
e in
this
un
derta
king
is
de
velo
ping
a
com
mon
de
finiti
on
of
hom
eles
snes
s. W
hile
thi
s m
ight
see
m s
impl
e on
its
fac
e, a
va
riety
of
de
finiti
ons
exis
t w
hich
im
pact
bo
th
how
ho
mel
essn
ess
is m
easu
red
and
who
is c
onsi
dere
d. F
or in
stan
ce,
som
e re
sear
ch o
nly
focu
ses
on in
divi
dual
s w
ho a
re e
nrol
led
in
serv
ices
des
igne
d fo
r pe
ople
who
are
hom
eles
s, w
hile
oth
er
rese
arch
de
fines
ho
mel
essn
ess
mor
e br
oadl
y to
in
clud
e in
divi
dual
s w
ho a
re p
reca
rious
ly h
ouse
d in
uns
tabl
e liv
ing
arra
ngem
ents
with
frie
nds o
r rel
ativ
es.
The
Blu
e R
ibbo
n Ta
sk F
orce
on
Hom
eles
snes
s w
as c
reat
ed b
y th
e M
ayor
of W
inst
on-S
alem
to a
sses
s lo
cal n
eeds
and
dev
elop
th
e m
ost
effe
ctiv
e pl
an t
o en
d ch
roni
c ho
mel
essn
ess
in t
he
com
mun
ity.
For
the
purp
oses
of
this
eff
ort,
the
Task
For
ce
adop
ted
the
fede
ral d
efin
ition
of h
omel
essn
ess,
whi
ch w
as fi
rst
deve
lope
d as
a c
ompo
nent
of
the
1987
McK
inne
y-V
ento
H
omel
ess
Ass
ista
nce
Act
, an
em
erge
ncy
relie
f pr
ovis
ion
for
shel
ter,
food
, m
obile
hea
lth c
are,
and
tra
nsiti
onal
hou
sing
.5 In
this
def
initi
on, a
n in
divi
dual
is c
onsi
dere
d to
be
hom
eles
s if
he
or s
he i
s: 1
) te
mpo
rari
ly r
esid
ing
in a
she
lter
or t
rans
ition
al
hous
ing
prog
ram
de
sign
ed
to
assi
st
peop
le
who
la
ck
a pe
rman
ent,
fixed
res
iden
ce, o
r 2) l
ivin
g in
a p
lace
not
des
igne
d fo
r, or
ord
inar
ily u
sed
as, a
reg
ular
sle
epin
g ac
com
mod
atio
n su
ch a
s ca
rs,
park
s, ab
ando
ned
build
ings
, or
on
the
stre
et.
Mor
e re
cent
ly, t
he B
ush
Adm
inis
tratio
n de
velo
ped
a de
finiti
on
of
chro
nic
hom
eles
snes
s. To
be
co
nsid
ered
ch
roni
cally
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
12
hom
eles
s, a
pers
on m
ust
expe
rien
ce h
omel
essn
ess
for
an
exte
nded
per
iod
of ti
me
or re
peat
edly
and
mus
t be
livin
g w
ith a
di
sabi
lity
such
as
a se
rious
men
tal
illne
ss,
chro
nic
subs
tanc
e ad
dict
ion,
or p
hysi
cal d
isab
ility
. Whi
le th
e pr
imar
y fo
cus o
f the
Ta
sk
Forc
e w
as
to
deve
lop
loca
l so
lutio
ns
for
chro
nic
hom
eles
snes
s, th
e ne
eds
of t
hose
exp
erie
ncin
g tra
nsiti
onal
ho
mel
essn
ess w
ere
cons
ider
ed a
s wel
l.
To p
rovi
de c
onte
xt f
or th
e Pl
an, d
ata
was
rev
iew
ed r
egar
ding
th
e ne
eds
of p
eopl
e ex
perie
ncin
g ho
mel
essn
ess.
The
data
pr
esen
ted
is d
eriv
ed fr
om m
ultip
le s
ourc
es, i
nclu
ding
the
2005
W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
C
ount
y po
int-i
n-tim
e su
rvey
, da
ta
repo
rted
in
the
2004
W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
C
ount
y C
ontin
uum
of C
are
appl
icat
ion,
and
the
resu
lts o
f the
Nat
iona
l Su
rvey
of
H
omel
ess
Ass
ista
nce
Prov
ider
s an
d C
lient
s (N
SHA
PC)
com
plet
ed
in
1997
.6N
SHA
PC
was
a
com
preh
ensi
ve n
atio
nal
stud
y of
hom
eles
snes
s co
mpl
eted
in
1997
to
prov
ide
upda
ted
info
rmat
ion
on h
omel
ess
assi
stan
ce
prog
ram
s an
d th
e cl
ient
s w
ho u
se t
hem
to
fede
ral
agen
cies
re
spon
sibl
e fo
r ad
min
iste
ring
hom
eles
s as
sist
ance
pro
gram
s. To
fur
ther
inf
orm
Pla
n de
velo
pmen
t, th
e B
lue
Rib
bon
Task
Fo
rce
com
mis
sion
ed a
ser
ies
of t
hree
foc
us g
roup
s th
at w
ere
cond
ucte
d w
ith a
dult
sing
le m
en,
adul
t si
ngle
wom
en,
and
fam
ilies
res
idin
g in
loc
al h
omel
ess
serv
ice
prog
ram
s. Th
is
proc
ess
also
inc
lude
d fo
cus
grou
ps w
ith h
omel
ess
assi
stan
ce
prov
ider
s an
d in
terv
iew
s w
ith k
ey s
take
hold
ers.
Whi
le a
n at
tem
pt to
cal
cula
te a
pre
cise
cou
nt o
f th
e nu
mbe
r of
per
sons
ho
mel
ess
in W
inst
on-S
alem
was
bey
ond
the
scop
e of
the
Task
Fo
rce’
s ch
arge
, tak
en t
oget
her
the
info
rmat
ion
prov
ided
fro
m
thes
e so
urce
s ca
n be
ext
rem
ely
usef
ul i
n de
velo
ping
loc
al
solu
tions
for e
ndin
g ho
mel
essn
ess.
Prev
alen
ce T
rend
s
On
any
give
n da
y th
ere
are
appr
oxim
atel
y 53
9 in
divi
dual
s w
ho
are
hom
eles
s in
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y. T
his
estim
ate
is d
eriv
ed f
rom
a J
anua
ry 2
6, 2
005
poin
t-in-
time
surv
ey o
f ho
mel
ess
pers
ons
cond
ucte
d by
the
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th
Cou
nty
Cou
ncil
on S
ervi
ces
for
the
Hom
eles
s. Th
e C
ounc
il co
nduc
ts a
cen
sus
coun
t at
lea
st a
nnua
lly t
o de
term
ine
the
num
ber
of p
erso
ns li
ving
in lo
cal h
omel
ess
shel
ters
or
on th
e st
reet
s. Th
e st
reet
and
she
lter
coun
ts a
re a
lway
s co
nduc
ted
conc
urre
ntly
in o
rder
to p
rovi
de c
ompr
ehen
sive
, und
uplic
ated
po
int-i
n-tim
e da
ta o
n th
e ex
tent
of
hom
eles
snes
s in
Win
ston
-Sa
lem
and
For
syth
Cou
nty.
Tab
le 2
.2 --
Hom
eles
snes
s Est
imat
es fo
r W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
C
ount
y Ty
pe o
f Est
imat
e C
ount
of I
ndiv
idua
lsJa
nuar
y 26
, 200
5 Po
int-i
n-Ti
me
Cou
nt
539
Ann
ual P
reva
lenc
e ba
sed
on B
urt e
t al C
SH m
etho
dolo
gy
1,78
4 To
der
ive
an e
stim
ate
of t
he n
umbe
r of
per
sons
hom
eles
s ov
er th
e co
urse
of
the
year
fro
m th
is p
oint
-in-ti
me
estim
ate,
th
e Ta
sk F
orce
and
its
con
sulta
nts
appl
ied
an e
xtra
pola
tion
met
hodo
logy
rece
ntly
pub
lishe
d fo
r ass
istin
g co
mm
uniti
es to
de
rive
annu
al e
stim
ates
bas
ed u
pon
poin
t-in-
time
data
.7[S
ee
Ten-
Yea
r Pl
an M
etho
dolo
gy.]
Ext
rapo
latin
g fr
om t
he 5
39
poin
t-in-
time
cens
us fi
gure
, it i
s es
timat
ed th
at a
ppro
xim
atel
y 1,
784
peop
le a
re h
omel
ess
in W
inst
on-S
alem
ove
r the
cou
rse
of a
yea
r.8 W
hile
this
ann
ual e
stim
ate
is s
uffic
ient
ly r
elia
ble
for
the
purp
oses
of
deve
lopi
ng t
he 1
0-Y
ear
Plan
, us
e of
a
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
13
com
mun
ity-w
ide
Hom
eles
s M
anag
emen
t Inf
orm
atio
n Sy
stem
(H
MIS
) (de
scrib
ed la
ter i
n th
is P
lan)
will
gre
atly
ass
ist i
n th
e ga
ther
ing
of m
ore
deta
iled
and
prec
ise
data
thr
ough
out
the
Plan
’s im
plem
enta
tion.
Tab
le 2
.3 –
WSF
C G
ener
al H
omel
ess T
rend
s in
200
(Ind
ivid
uals
) Su
b-Po
pula
tion
Estim
ated
Pr
eval
ence
% o
f tot
al h
omel
ess
popu
latio
n Si
ngle
Adu
lt M
en
1,14
2 64
%
Sing
le A
dult
Wom
en
285
16%
To
tal I
ndiv
idua
ls in
Fam
ilies
* 35
7 20
%
TO
TA
L
1,78
4 10
0%
Tab
le 2
.4 –
WSF
C G
ener
al H
omel
ess T
rend
s in
200
(Hou
seho
lds)
Su
b-Po
pula
tion
Estim
ated
Pr
eval
ence
% o
f tot
al h
omel
ess
popu
latio
n Si
ngle
Adu
lt M
en
1,14
2 72
%
Sing
le A
dult
Wom
en
285
18%
Fa
mily
Hou
seho
ld U
nits
* 15
5 10
%
TO
TA
L
1,58
2 10
0%
Sou
rce:
200
5 P
oint
-in-T
ime
Cou
nt a
nd p
roje
ctio
ns fo
r 200
5 C
ontin
uum
of
Car
e A
pplic
atio
n fo
r Win
ston
-Sal
em. *
Fam
ily &
Hou
seho
ld U
nits
hav
e a
t le
ast o
ne a
dult
and
one
child
und
er th
e ag
e of
18.
The
ave
rage
fam
ily s
ize
is
2.3
indi
vidu
als.
The
2004
C
ontin
uum
of
C
are
appl
icat
ion
estim
ates
th
at
roug
hly
80%
of
thos
e w
ho e
xper
ienc
e ho
mel
essn
ess
at a
ny
poin
t in
tim
e ar
e si
ngle
adu
lts n
ot a
ttach
ed t
o fa
mili
es o
r de
pend
ents
at
the
time
of h
omel
essn
ess.
Nat
iona
l re
sear
ch
furth
er s
ugge
sts
that
the
brea
kdow
n am
ong
sing
le in
divi
dual
s
betw
een
fem
ale
and
mal
e is
ro
ughl
y 1:
4.9 B
ased
on
th
is
rese
arch
, Ta
ble
2.3
high
light
s pr
obab
le
trend
s in
ho
mel
essn
ess
amon
g in
divi
dual
s an
d Ta
ble
2.4
estim
ates
ho
mel
essn
ess b
ased
on
hous
ehol
ds.
The
curr
ent
hom
eles
s po
pula
tion
in
Win
ston
-Sal
em
is
hete
roge
neou
s, co
mpr
ised
of
si
ngle
m
en,
sing
le
wom
en,
fam
ilies
, an
d un
acco
mpa
nied
you
th.
Whi
le n
eeds
and
the
fa
ctor
s th
at
have
co
ntrib
uted
to
th
eir
hom
eles
snes
s va
ry
pers
on
to
pers
on,
ther
e ar
e so
me
com
mon
aliti
es
with
in
popu
latio
n su
bgro
ups,
whi
ch i
t is
hel
pful
to
unde
rsta
nd f
or
purp
oses
of s
ervi
ce d
esig
n an
d de
liver
y.
Tabl
e 2.
5 –
Rat
es o
f Beh
avio
ral H
ealth
Issu
es fo
r Win
ston
-Sa
lem
Hom
eles
s Pe
rson
s
Sub-
Popu
latio
n
A
nnua
l pre
vale
nce
rate
(%)
Ann
ual p
reva
lenc
e es
timat
e (#
)
NS
HA
PC
W-S
po
int-i
n-tim
e
NS
HA
PC
W-S
po
int-i
n-tim
e
Men
Men
tal I
llnes
s
3
9%
23%
44
5
263
S
ubst
ance
Abu
se
48%
60
%
457
69
1
Wom
en
M
enta
l Illn
ess
51%
31
%
145
88
S
ubst
ance
Abu
se
26%
54
%
74
153
D
omes
tic V
iole
nce
10%
21
%
29
60
Fam
ily H
ouse
hold
Uni
ts
M
enta
l Illn
ess
36%
18
%
56
28
Sub
stan
ce A
buse
19
%
27%
29
42
D
omes
tic V
iole
nce
16%
30
%
25
47
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
14
Figu
res
in T
able
2.5
rep
rese
nt e
stim
ated
ran
ges
for
rate
s of
m
enta
l ill
ness
, ad
dict
ion
to a
lcoh
ol o
r dr
ugs,
and
dom
estic
vi
olen
ce b
ased
on
the
proj
ecte
d pr
eval
ence
of
Win
ston
-Sal
em
hom
eles
s po
pula
tion.
Rat
es o
f be
havi
oral
hea
lth i
ssue
s ar
e dr
awn
from
bo
th
the
poin
t-in-
time
coun
t an
d N
SHA
PC.
Var
iatio
ns i
n th
e es
timat
es a
re a
fun
ctio
n of
tw
o di
ffer
ent
sour
ces,
each
with
slig
htly
diff
eren
t su
rvey
tec
hniq
ues.
The
Win
ston
-Sal
em p
oint
-in-ti
me
surv
ey r
epre
sent
s a
loca
l cen
sus
effo
rt ba
sed
upon
cl
ient
se
lf-re
port
inte
nded
to
in
form
co
mm
unity
pl
anni
ng.
The
NSH
APC
su
rvey
re
pres
ents
a
natio
nal s
ampl
ing
effo
rt, a
naly
zed
by p
rofe
ssio
nal s
tatis
ticia
ns
endo
rsed
by
H
UD
. Ta
ken
toge
ther
th
ey
prov
ide
a m
ore
com
plet
e pi
ctur
e of
the
poss
ible
ran
ges
in r
ates
of
beha
vior
al
heal
th is
sues
. Si
ngle
Men
Fo
r th
e pu
rpos
es o
f th
is P
lan,
sin
gle
men
inc
lude
una
c-co
mpa
nied
mal
es b
etw
een
the
ages
of 1
8 an
d 65
who
repo
rt to
sh
elte
r or o
ther
em
erge
ncy
serv
ices
with
out a
n ad
ult p
artn
er o
r ch
ildre
n. M
any
of t
he m
en c
lass
ified
as
Sing
le M
en m
ay,
in
fact
, hav
e ad
ult p
artn
ers
and/
or b
e th
e no
n-cu
stod
ial p
aren
ts o
f ch
ildre
n. H
owev
er, b
ecau
se th
e m
en a
re s
ingl
e at
the
poin
t at
whi
ch t
hey
are
requ
estin
g se
rvic
es,
they
are
cat
egor
ized
as
such
. Adu
lt si
ngle
men
mak
e up
the
lar
gest
sub
popu
latio
n of
pe
ople
req
uest
ing
hom
eles
s se
rvic
es i
n W
inst
on-S
alem
. It
is
estim
ated
that
1,1
42 m
en a
cces
s em
erge
ncy
shel
ter r
esou
rces
in
the
cour
se o
f a
12-m
onth
per
iod.
Thi
s re
pres
ents
nea
rly th
ree-
four
ths (
72%
) of a
ll pe
rson
s acc
essi
ng sh
elte
r.
To d
evel
op a
bet
ter
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
the
nee
ds a
nd c
ir-
cum
stan
ces
of
sing
le
men
ex
perie
ncin
g ho
mel
essn
ess
in
Win
ston
-Sal
em, a
focu
s gro
up w
as c
ondu
cted
with
men
stay
ing
at
two
loca
l em
erge
ncy
shel
ters
, B
ethe
sda
Cen
ter
and
Sam
arita
n In
n. S
even
men
par
ticip
ated
.
All
men
par
ticip
atin
g in
the
focu
s gr
oup
repo
rted
bein
g lo
ng-
time
resi
dent
s of
Nor
th C
arol
ina.
Thr
ee h
ad b
een
born
in
Win
ston
-Sal
em; a
ll bu
t one
had
resi
ded
here
for m
ore
than
five
ye
ars.
In
com
paris
on
to
parti
cipa
nts
in
the
focu
s gr
oups
co
nduc
ted
with
si
ngle
w
omen
an
d fa
mili
es,
sing
le
men
ev
iden
ced
the
grea
test
deg
ree
of v
aria
tion
in t
he c
umul
ativ
e le
ngth
of
time
spen
t hom
eles
s. Pa
rtici
pant
s in
the
men
’s f
ocus
gr
oup
repo
rted
tota
l len
gths
of t
ime
hom
eles
s fr
om fo
ur w
eeks
to
up
to 1
4 ye
ars.
Sin
gle
men
wer
e al
so th
e m
ost l
ikel
y of
the
thre
e gr
oups
to
ha
ve
expe
rienc
ed
mul
tiple
pe
riods
of
ho
mel
essn
ess,
aver
agin
g 2.
9 ep
isod
es.
All
but o
ne p
artic
ipan
t re
porte
d dr
inki
ng a
s co
ntrib
utin
g to
the
ir ho
mel
essn
ess;
mos
t al
so c
ited
job
loss
or
the
lack
of
any
inco
me.
Ta
ble
2.6
high
light
s the
nee
ds o
f men
exp
erie
ncin
g ho
mel
essn
ess.
Tab
le 2
.6 –
Sel
f-R
epor
ted
Nee
ds o
f Sin
gle
Men
H
ealth
Car
e fo
r a p
hysi
cal h
ealth
pro
blem
G
ener
al H
ealth
&
Beh
avoi
ral H
ealth
Car
e H
elp
for a
dru
g/al
coho
l pro
blem
H
ousi
ng &
She
lter
An
affo
rdab
le p
erm
anen
t hom
e fo
r the
long
te
rm
Job
trai
ning
or e
duca
tion
prog
ram
Jo
bs a
nd In
com
e H
elp
findi
ng a
job
Tra
nspo
rtatio
n O
ther
/Mis
c.
Life
skill
s (m
oney
man
agem
ent,
coun
selin
g)
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
15
Sing
le m
en a
lso
repo
rted
sign
ifica
nt b
arrie
rs th
at im
pede
thei
r pr
ogre
ss
in
secu
ring
perm
anen
t ho
usin
g or
re
solv
ing
empl
oym
ent
issu
es.
The
follo
win
g m
ajor
ba
rrie
rs
wer
e id
entif
ied:
• P
ublic
tran
spor
tatio
n is
too
expe
nsiv
e, in
freq
uent
, do
esn’
t rea
ch e
mpl
oym
ent c
ente
rs
• Crim
inal
reco
rds l
imit
acce
ss to
em
ploy
men
t and
ho
usin
g • E
mpl
oym
ent s
ituat
ion
is b
leak
• L
ack
of c
onfid
ence
or s
elf-
resp
ect
Sing
le W
omen
Fo
r th
e pu
rpos
es o
f th
is P
lan,
sin
gle
adul
t w
omen
inc
lude
un
acco
mpa
nied
fem
ales
bet
wee
n th
e ag
es o
f 18
and
65
who
ac
cess
she
lter
or o
ther
em
erge
ncy
assi
stan
ce p
rogr
ams.
Seve
n w
omen
from
Exp
erim
ent i
n Se
lf-R
elia
nce
(ESR
), a
trans
ition
al
hous
ing
prog
ram
, and
Sal
vatio
n A
rmy,
and
em
erge
ncy
shel
ter
prog
ram
, pa
rtici
pate
d in
th
e w
omen
’s
focu
s gr
oup
com
mis
sion
ed b
y th
e Ta
sk F
orce
for t
his P
lan.
Li
ke th
eir
mal
e co
unte
rpar
ts, t
he m
ajor
ity o
f w
omen
rep
orte
d be
ing
long
-tim
e re
side
nts
of W
inst
on-S
alem
. Unl
ike
the
mal
e pa
rtici
pant
s, ne
arly
hal
f (4
2%)
of t
he f
emal
e fo
cus
grou
p pa
rtici
pant
s re
porte
d th
eir c
urre
nt s
tay
in e
mer
genc
y sh
elte
r as
thei
r firs
t epi
sode
of h
omel
essn
ess.
The
leng
th o
f tim
e w
omen
re
porte
d be
ing
hom
eles
s ra
nged
from
just
a fe
w d
ays
to n
early
a
year
, with
the
aver
age
bein
g 60
day
s. D
omes
tic v
iole
nce
was
ci
ted
by
thre
e w
omen
, an
d re
latio
nshi
p pr
oble
ms
by
an
addi
tiona
l tw
o, a
s ca
uses
for
the
ir ho
mel
essn
ess.
Five
not
ed
men
tal
illne
ss a
nd/o
r su
bsta
nce
abus
e as
con
tribu
ting
fact
ors.
Wom
en w
ere
also
mor
e lik
ely
to re
port
suff
erin
g fr
om p
hysi
cal
heal
th p
robl
ems
and
diff
icul
ty a
cces
sing
app
ropr
iate
hea
lth
care
ser
vice
s. Ta
ble
2.7
lists
the
self-
repo
rted
need
s ex
pres
sed
by w
omen
dur
ing
the
focu
s gro
up.
Tab
le 2
.7 –
Sel
f-R
epor
ted
Nee
ds o
f Sin
gle
Wom
en
Gen
eral
Hea
lth &
B
ehav
oira
l Hea
lth C
are
Cou
nsel
ing/
ther
apy
or m
edic
atio
n fo
r men
tal
illne
ss
Hou
sing
& S
helte
r A
n af
ford
able
per
man
ent h
ome
for t
he lo
ng
term
H
elp
with
a h
ousi
ng se
arch
J
ob tr
aini
ng o
r edu
catio
n pr
ogra
m
Jobs
and
Inco
me
Hel
p fin
ding
a jo
b T
rans
porta
tion
Mea
ls o
r foo
d as
sist
ance
O
ther
/Mis
c.
Life
skill
s (m
oney
man
agem
ent,
coun
selin
g)
Sing
le w
omen
repo
rted
the
follo
win
g ba
rrie
rs th
at im
pede
thei
r pr
ogre
ss
in
secu
ring
perjm
anen
t ho
usin
g or
re
solv
ing
empl
oym
ent i
ssue
s:
• Pub
lic tr
ansp
orta
tion
is to
o ex
pens
ive,
infr
eque
nt, d
oesn
’t re
ach
empl
oym
ent c
ente
rs
• Soc
ieta
l pre
judi
ces a
gain
st h
omel
ess/
poor
• L
ack
of g
ood
payi
ng a
nd fl
exib
le e
mpl
oym
ent o
ppor
tuni
ties
• Lac
k of
tran
spor
tatio
n Fa
mili
es
For
the
purp
oses
of
this
Pla
n, a
fam
ily i
s de
fined
as
a ho
useh
old
cons
istin
g of
at l
east
one
adu
lt an
d on
e ch
ild u
nder
th
e ag
e of
18.
Alth
ough
fam
ilies
req
uest
ing
shel
ter
vary
in
com
posi
tion,
the
mos
t co
mm
on h
ouse
hold
con
figur
atio
n is
a
fem
ale
sing
le p
aren
t with
one
or t
wo
child
ren
unde
r the
age
of
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
16
7. T
wen
ty p
erce
nt o
f all
indi
vidu
als e
xper
ienc
ing
hom
eles
snes
s in
Win
ston
-Sal
em o
ver
the
cour
se o
f a
year
are
mem
bers
of
fam
ilies
. Ei
ght
fam
ilies
res
idin
g at
the
Sal
vatio
n A
rmy,
the
pr
imar
y em
erge
ncy
shel
ter
faci
lity
for
fam
ilies
in
Win
ston
-Sa
lem
, par
ticip
ated
in th
e fo
cus g
roup
.
Acr
oss
the
thre
e fo
cus
grou
ps, f
amili
es w
ere
the
leas
t lik
ely
to
be
long
-tim
e W
inst
on-S
alem
re
side
nts.
This
is
la
rgel
y a
refle
ctio
n of
the
fact
that
hal
f (4
) of
the
parti
cipa
ting
fam
ilies
ca
me
to W
inst
on-S
alem
fle
eing
dom
estic
abu
se.
As
wel
l, fa
mili
es
wer
e th
e m
ost
likel
y su
bpop
ulat
ion
to
have
no
pr
evio
us e
xper
ienc
e w
ith h
omel
essn
ess,
with
hal
f of
fam
ilies
ho
mel
ess f
or th
e fir
st ti
me.
Mos
t fam
ilies
in th
e fo
cus
grou
p w
ere
livin
g in
Win
ston
-Sal
em
whe
n th
ey
beca
me
hom
eles
s. Fa
mili
es
repo
rted
dom
estic
vi
olen
ce, l
oss
of j
ob o
r in
com
e, a
nd r
elat
ions
hip
prob
lem
s as
th
e pr
imar
y re
ason
s fo
r th
eir
hom
eles
snes
s. A
nd, a
s ha
s be
en
foun
d to
be
the
case
nat
iona
lly,
adul
ts i
n fa
mili
es r
epor
ted
low
er in
cide
nces
of
subs
tanc
e ab
use
and
men
tal i
llnes
s. Ta
ble
2.8
iden
tifie
s th
e si
gnifi
cant
ne
eds
desc
ribed
by
fa
mili
es
parti
cipa
ting
in th
e fo
cus g
roup
.
Fam
ilies
als
o re
porte
d si
gnifi
cant
bar
riers
tha
t im
pede
the
ir pr
ogre
ss
in
secu
ring
perm
anen
t ho
usin
g or
re
solv
ing
empl
oym
ent
issu
es.
The
follo
win
g m
ajor
ba
rrie
rs
wer
e id
entif
ied:
• L
ack
of k
now
ledg
e ab
out a
vaila
ble
serv
ices
• P
rovi
ders
don
’t tre
at c
lient
s with
resp
ect
• Nee
d tra
nspo
rtatio
n to
find
a jo
b
• Nee
d m
ore
flexi
ble,
aff
orda
ble,
relia
ble
child
care
A
cros
s th
e th
ree
focu
s gr
oups
, whe
n as
ked
to id
entif
y th
e m
ost
sign
ifica
nt n
eeds
that
per
sons
who
are
hom
eles
s ha
ve in
ord
er
to e
nd th
eir h
ousi
ng c
risis
, the
follo
win
g se
rvic
es a
nd n
eeds
in
Tabl
e 2.
9 w
ere
expr
esse
d. R
espo
nses
are
list
ed in
ran
k or
der.
Tab
le 2
.8 –
Sel
f-R
epor
ted
Nee
ds o
f Fa
mili
es
Gen
eral
Hea
lth &
B
ehav
oira
l Hea
lth
Car
e
Hel
p fo
r a d
rug/
alco
hol p
robl
em
Cou
nsel
ing/
ther
apy
or m
edic
atio
n fo
r men
tal
illne
ss
Hou
sing
& S
helte
r A
n af
ford
able
per
man
ent h
ome
for t
he lo
ng te
rm
Mon
ey fo
r the
firs
t mon
th’s
rent
or u
tiliti
es
Job
trai
ning
or e
duca
tion
prog
ram
Jo
bs a
nd In
com
e H
elp
findi
ng a
job
Hel
p ac
cess
ing
inco
me
assi
stan
ce su
ch a
s TA
NF,
SS
I, SS
DI
Oth
er/M
isc.
T
rans
porta
tion
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
17
Tab
le 2
.9 –
Mos
t Sig
nific
ant N
eeds
Men
W
omen
Fa
mili
es
1. A
fford
able
, 1.
Affo
rdab
le,
1. M
oney
for
perm
anen
t hom
e
perm
anen
t hom
e
first
mon
th’s
rent
2. T
rans
porta
tion
2.
Job
trai
ning
2.
Affo
rdab
le,
or
edu
catio
n
perm
anen
t hom
e
3. H
elp
with
a p
hysi
cal
3. T
rans
porta
tion
3.
Job
trai
ning
he
alth
pro
blem
or e
duca
tion
4. H
elp
with
a
4. C
ouns
elin
g or
4.
Tra
nspo
rtatio
n
drug
/alc
ohol
pro
blem
th
erap
y fo
r
m
enta
l illn
ess
5. J
ob tr
aini
ng
5. H
elp
with
a
5. H
elp
findi
ng a
job
or e
duca
tion
ho
usin
g se
arch
Bar
riers
to R
esol
ving
Hom
eles
snes
s
Dur
ing
the
Ass
essm
ent
phas
e of
the
Tas
k Fo
rce’
s w
ork,
co
nsul
tant
te
am
mem
bers
co
nduc
ted
key
stak
ehol
der
inte
rvie
ws
and
faci
litat
ed i
nfor
mat
ion
foru
ms
with
hom
eles
s as
sist
ance
pro
vide
rs. T
hese
inte
rvie
ws a
nd fo
rum
s wer
e us
ed to
ga
ther
info
rmat
ion
from
a b
road
spe
ctru
m o
f in
divi
dual
s w
ith
know
ledg
e an
d an
int
eres
t in
end
ing
hom
eles
snes
s an
d to
co
mpa
re a
nd s
ynth
esiz
e th
eir
view
s w
ith t
hose
off
ered
by
pers
ons
rece
ive
hom
eles
s as
sist
ance
the
mse
lves
. Si
xtee
n (1
6)
key
stak
ehol
der
inte
rvie
ws
wer
e co
nduc
ted
with
re
pres
enta
tives
from
the
Con
tinuu
m o
f Car
e, fa
ith c
omm
unity
, m
ains
tream
sup
port
syst
ems,
publ
ic o
ffic
ials
and
hom
eles
s ad
voca
tes.
Prov
ider
For
ums
incl
uded
nea
rly f
orty
par
ticip
ants
fr
om
both
si
ngle
ad
ult
and
fam
ily
serv
ice
syst
ems.
All
parti
cipa
nts
wer
e as
ked
to r
espo
nd t
o qu
estio
ns a
bout
the
un
derly
ing
caus
es o
f ho
mel
essn
ess,
the
need
s of
ind
ivid
uals
an
d fa
mili
es e
xper
ienc
ing
hom
eles
snes
s, an
d ba
rrie
rs th
ey fa
ce
in th
eir s
trugg
le to
obt
ain
perm
anen
t hou
sing
. Tab
le 2
.10
lists
ba
rrie
rs t
o re
solv
ing
hom
eles
snes
s as
ide
ntifi
ed b
y va
rious
st
akeh
olde
r gro
ups,
incl
udin
g th
ose
cite
d by
con
sum
ers
durin
g th
e cl
ient
focu
s gro
ups.
The
listin
g of
bar
riers
by
key
stak
ehol
der
grou
p is
hel
pful
in
unde
rsta
ndin
g th
e ob
stac
les
indi
vidu
als
and
fam
ilies
ofte
n fa
ce
in b
ecom
ing
hom
eles
s an
d ho
w p
erce
ptio
ns o
f ba
rrie
rs d
iffer
am
ong
thos
e ex
perie
ncin
g ho
mel
essn
ess,
prov
ider
s of
ho
mel
ess
serv
ices
, and
com
mun
ity le
ader
s w
ho m
ight
pla
n or
fu
nd sp
ecifi
c se
rvic
es a
nd in
terv
entio
ns.
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
18
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
19
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
20
PA R
T TH
REE
: ASS
ESSM
ENT
OF
CU
RR
ENT
HO
MEL
ESS
SER
VIC
E D
ELIV
ERY
SYST
EM
Des
crip
tion
of C
urre
nt H
omel
ess
Shel
ter S
yste
m
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y ha
s a
com
preh
ensi
ve s
helte
r sy
stem
for
sin
gle
adul
ts a
nd f
amili
es.
For
the
mos
t pa
rt, t
he
syst
em o
pera
tes
sepa
rate
ly f
or t
he t
wo
popu
latio
ns,
alth
ough
th
e em
erge
ncy
shel
ter
for
fam
ilies
is
also
ope
n to
sin
gle
wom
en.
Tabl
e 3.
1 lis
ts t
he a
ggre
gate
she
lter
inve
ntor
y by
pr
ogra
m ty
pe fo
r eac
h po
pula
tion.
Tabl
e 3.
1 –
Cur
rent
She
lter S
yste
m in
Win
ston
-Sa
lem
/For
syth
Cou
nty
Sub-
popu
latio
n
Emer
genc
y Sh
elte
r Tr
ansi
tiona
l H
ousi
ng
Perm
anen
t Su
ppor
tive
Hou
sing
Sin
gle
20
4 be
ds
48 b
eds
64 u
nits
M
en
(47
for S
ingl
e M
en
an
d/or
W
omen
; S
ingl
e
42 b
eds
25 b
eds
17 fo
r Sin
gle
Men
) W
omen
Fam
ilies
33
uni
ts
24 u
nits
19
uni
ts
(1
33 b
eds)
(1
12 b
eds)
(4
6 be
ds)
Tota
l 37
9 be
ds
185
beds
83
uni
ts
The
syst
em fo
r sin
gle
adul
ts is
com
pris
ed o
f pro
gram
s ope
rate
d by
se
vera
l di
ffer
ent
prov
ider
ag
enci
es,
affo
rdin
g m
ultip
le
poin
ts o
f acc
ess
for s
ingl
e ad
ults
exp
erie
ncin
g a
hous
ing
cris
is.
Indi
vidu
als
can
stay
at a
ny o
f the
em
erge
ncy
shel
ters
for u
p to
90
day
s, as
long
as
they
com
ply
with
its
rule
s.If
an in
divi
dual
ha
s no
t en
rolle
d in
a
trans
ition
al
prog
ram
or
id
entif
ied
perm
anen
t ho
usin
g at
the
end
of
that
tim
efra
me,
he/
she
can
relo
cate
to
a
diff
eren
t em
erge
ncy
shel
ter.
Sinc
e ea
ch
emer
genc
y sh
elte
r ha
s its
ow
n ph
iloso
phy
and
set o
f pr
ogra
m
rule
s, in
divi
dual
s ca
n ch
oose
the
she
lter
that
bes
t fit
s th
eir
need
s. Pe
r be
d co
sts
for
emer
genc
y sh
elte
rs s
ervi
ng s
ingl
e ad
ults
ran
ge f
rom
$12
.79
to $
29 a
nig
ht, o
r $4
,668
to $
10,5
85
annu
ally
, dep
endi
ng o
n th
e le
vel o
f ser
vice
s pr
ovid
ed. B
ecau
se
they
rem
ain
hom
eles
s fo
r su
ch p
rotra
cted
per
iods
of
time,
and
th
us o
ften
have
mul
tiple
and
leng
thy
shel
ter
stay
s, in
divi
dual
s w
ho a
re c
hron
ical
ly h
omel
ess
are
the
cost
liest
to s
erve
thro
ugh
the
emer
genc
y sh
elte
r sy
stem
and
occ
upy
beds
tha
t w
ould
ot
herw
ise
be a
vaila
ble
to p
erso
ns e
xper
ienc
ing
a sh
ort-t
erm
ho
usin
g cr
isis
. The
syst
em d
oes o
ffer
som
e tra
nsiti
onal
hou
sing
fo
r in
divi
dual
s w
ho a
re w
orki
ng o
r ha
ve d
isab
ilitie
s an
d a
limite
d nu
mbe
r of
per
man
ent
supp
ortiv
e ho
usin
g un
its f
or
adul
ts w
ith d
isab
ilitie
s, bu
t the
cur
rent
reso
urce
s are
inad
equa
te
to m
eet
the
long
-term
hou
sing
nee
ds o
f th
ose
with
chr
onic
di
sabi
litie
s. Pe
rson
s w
ho a
re c
hron
ical
ly h
omel
ess
also
revo
lve
betw
een
othe
r res
iden
tial s
yste
ms,
incl
udin
g ho
spita
ls, j
ails
and
pr
ison
s, an
d in
-pat
ient
men
tal
heal
th a
nd s
ubst
ance
abu
se
treat
men
t pr
ogra
ms.
As
will
be
di
scus
sed
in
Part
Four
, ex
pand
ed
perm
anen
t su
ppor
tive
hous
ing
wou
ld
grea
tly
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
21
impr
ove
clie
nt o
utco
mes
for p
erso
ns w
ith c
hron
ic d
isab
ilitie
s at
a co
st e
quiv
alen
t to
or
low
er t
han
the
inve
stm
ents
cur
rent
ly
requ
ired
to p
rovi
de fo
r the
ir ca
re a
cros
s the
se sy
stem
s.
The
syst
em f
or f
amili
es i
s m
uch
mor
e lim
ited.
The
re i
s on
ly
one
gene
ral
shel
ter
for
fam
ilies
, an
d tw
o sm
all
dom
estic
vi
olen
ce p
rogr
ams.
Onl
y on
e ag
ency
off
ers t
rans
ition
al h
ousi
ng
and
it is
des
igna
ted
for
wor
king
fam
ilies
, an
d th
ere
are
a lim
ited
num
ber
of p
erm
anen
t su
ppor
tive
hous
ing
units
for
fa
mili
es in
whi
ch a
n ad
ult m
embe
r has
a d
isab
ility
.
Ass
essm
ent o
f Cur
rent
Hom
eles
s Sh
elte
r Sys
tem
Th
roug
h th
e Pr
ovid
er F
orum
s, ho
mel
ess
serv
ice
prov
ider
s ha
d an
opp
ortu
nity
to d
escr
ibe
the
curr
ent s
yste
m a
nd to
ass
ess
its
effe
ctiv
enes
s. O
vera
ll, p
artic
ipat
ing
prov
ider
s re
porte
d th
at th
e sy
stem
wor
ks w
ell
in r
espo
ndin
g to
the
em
erge
ncy
need
s of
th
ose
pers
ons
who
ar
e co
oper
ativ
e an
d co
mm
itted
to
ad
dres
sing
thei
r ho
usin
g cr
isis
and
the
unde
rlyin
g fa
ctor
s th
at
have
con
tribu
ted
to t
heir
hom
eles
snes
s. Pr
ovid
ers
expr
esse
d le
ss o
ptim
ism
, how
ever
, abo
ut th
e ho
mel
ess
syst
em’s
abi
lity
to
help
pe
ople
ac
cess
pe
rman
ent
hous
ing.
A
nd,
mos
t re
pres
enta
tives
agr
eed
that
the
sys
tem
is
leas
t ef
fect
ive
at
enga
ging
tho
se w
ho a
re n
on-c
ompl
iant
with
pro
gram
rul
es, a
ci
rcum
stan
ce w
hich
is
mor
e co
mm
on a
mon
g cl
ient
s w
ith
serio
us d
isab
ilitie
s an
d w
hich
may
con
tribu
te t
o th
e le
vel
of
chro
nic
hom
eles
snes
s. Ta
ble
3.2
incl
udes
fee
dbac
k fr
om t
he
hom
eles
s pr
ovid
er f
orum
s on
the
lim
itatio
ns o
f th
e cu
rren
t ho
mel
ess s
yste
m.
Ass
essm
ent o
f Mai
nstr
eam
Ser
vice
Sys
tem
Si
nce
the
hom
eles
s ser
vice
del
iver
y sy
stem
is d
esig
ned
to fo
cus
on p
erso
ns’
imm
edia
te h
ousi
ng c
rises
, th
ere
aren
’t su
ffic
ient
re
sour
ces
to a
ddre
ss t
heir
long
-term
per
man
ent
hous
ing
or
serv
ice
need
s. Th
eref
ore,
mos
t per
sons
who
are
hom
eles
s m
ust
rely
on
mai
nstre
am s
ervi
ces
and
hous
ing
reso
urce
s to
acc
ess
and
sust
ain
perm
anen
t ho
usin
g. M
ains
tream
res
ourc
es a
re
serv
ices
th
at
are
inte
nded
fo
r th
e ge
nera
l lo
w-in
com
e po
pula
tion,
and
the
refo
re a
re n
ot ta
rget
ed t
o pe
rson
s w
ho a
re
hom
eles
s. Th
ey in
clud
e re
sour
ces,
such
as
men
tal h
ealth
car
e,
subs
tanc
e ab
use
treat
men
t, su
bsid
ized
hou
sing
, an
d pu
blic
be
nefit
s. Ta
ble
3.3
incl
udes
fee
dbac
k fr
om t
he h
omel
ess
prov
ider
for
ums
on t
he l
imita
tions
of
the
curr
ent
mai
nstre
am
serv
ice
syst
em.
Tabl
e 3.
2 –
Prov
ider
Ass
essm
ent o
f Sys
tem
’s A
bilit
y to
Res
pond
to C
risis
Li
mite
d Em
erge
ncy
• N
o op
tions
for n
on-c
ompl
iant
fam
ilies
Sh
elte
r Opt
ions
• F
ew o
ptio
ns fo
r non
-com
plia
nt s
ingl
es
• N
o op
tions
for a
ctiv
e us
ers
• L
imite
d op
tions
for i
ntac
t (tw
o-pa
rent
)
ho
useh
olds
or f
amilie
s w
ith a
mal
e ov
er
18
yea
rs o
ld
Lim
ited
Tran
sitio
nal
• No
optio
ns fo
r non
-wor
king
fam
ilies
H
ousi
ng O
ptio
ns
C
ase
Man
agem
ent
• Lac
k of
con
tinui
ty w
hen
clie
nts
boun
ce
be
twee
n pr
ogra
ms
or m
ove
from
em
erge
ncy
to tr
ansi
tiona
l hou
sing
Syst
em O
rgan
izat
ion
• S
ervi
ces
may
not
alw
ays
be e
ffect
ivel
y
or
gani
zed,
targ
eted
, or c
omm
unic
ated
• F
undi
ng s
ourc
es im
pose
arti
ficia
l out
com
es th
at
L
imit
prog
ram
s’ a
bilit
y to
pro
vide
indi
vidu
aliz
ed,
clie
nt-d
riven
ser
vice
s ab
ility
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
22
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
23
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
24
PAR
T FO
UR
: FU
TUR
E SY
STEM
PR
OG
RA
M M
OD
ELS
The
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Y
ear
Plan
to
End
Chr
onic
Hom
eles
snes
s ca
lls f
or a
ggre
ssiv
e st
rate
gies
that
will
im
prov
e th
e sy
stem
of
ca
re
for
peop
le
who
ex
perie
nce
hom
eles
snes
s in
the
shor
t-ter
m a
nd e
nd c
hron
ic h
omel
essn
ess
alto
geth
er w
ithin
ten
yea
rs. T
hese
stra
tegi
es w
ill d
ram
atic
ally
sh
ift t
he c
urre
nt a
ppro
ach
to a
ddre
ssin
g ho
mel
essn
ess
from
a
shel
ter-
base
d st
rate
gy t
o a
hous
ing-
base
d st
rate
gy,
Hou
sing
Fi
rst,
to i
mm
edia
tely
pla
ce p
eopl
e in
per
man
ent
hous
ing
and
prov
ides
wra
p-ar
ound
sup
porti
ve s
ervi
ces
to h
elp
keep
the
m
ther
e.
Impl
emen
tatio
n of
them
will
requ
ire b
road
com
mun
ity
supp
ort,
stro
ng p
ublic
-priv
ate
partn
ersh
ips
and
trem
endo
us
stak
ehol
der
com
mitm
ent
and
inve
stm
ent.
Yet
, end
ing
chro
nic
hom
eles
snes
s is w
ell w
orth
this
eff
ort.
Hou
sing
Firs
t App
roac
h
As
note
d, t
he h
ousi
ng a
nd s
ervi
ces
prop
osed
in
this
pla
n em
body
a
“Hou
sing
Fi
rst”
ap
proa
ch.
Firs
t in
trodu
ced
by
agen
cies
in
New
Yor
k, L
os A
ngel
es a
nd H
enne
pin
Cou
nty,
M
inne
sota
, th
e H
ousi
ng F
irst
appr
oach
has
gai
ned
natio
nal
sign
ifica
nce
and
mom
entu
m o
ver t
he p
ast f
ive
year
s.
Hou
sing
Firs
t em
phas
izes
pla
cing
per
sons
who
are
hom
eles
s in
sa
fe a
nd a
ffor
dabl
e ho
usin
g as
an
imm
edia
te r
espo
nse
to th
eir
cris
is a
nd th
en e
nsur
ing
that
the
nece
ssar
y su
ppor
ts a
re in
pla
ce
to s
usta
in t
hat
hous
ing.
It
reco
gniz
es a
cces
s to
hou
sing
as
a
basi
c hu
man
nee
d th
at s
houl
d no
t be
con
ditio
ned
on e
xter
nal
mea
sure
s of
clie
nt r
eadi
ness
suc
h as
em
ploy
men
t, so
brie
ty, o
r w
illin
gnes
s to
acc
ept
treat
men
t. A
s w
ell,
Hou
sing
Firs
t is
pr
emis
ed
on
the
belie
f th
at
the
unde
rlyin
g ca
uses
of
ho
mel
essn
ess
can
be m
ore
effe
ctiv
ely
addr
esse
d on
ce a
per
son
is h
ouse
d; t
hus
it di
verg
es f
rom
man
y tra
ditio
nal
prog
ram
ap
proa
ches
in
its r
ejec
tion
of t
he p
reva
iling
thi
nkin
g th
at
peop
le w
ho a
re h
omel
ess
mus
t be
mad
e “h
ousi
ng re
ady”
prio
r to
bei
ng p
lace
d in
per
man
ent
hous
ing.
The
mod
el p
rom
otes
lo
ng-te
rm
self-
suff
icie
ncy,
by
lin
king
pe
rson
s w
ho
are
hom
eles
s to
em
ploy
men
t op
portu
nitie
s an
d co
mm
unity
-bas
ed
serv
ices
to
supp
ort
them
in
thei
r tra
nsiti
on.
How
ever
, it
also
re
cogn
izes
tha
t lif
elon
g su
ppor
t m
ay b
e re
quire
d fo
r so
me
to
prev
ent
the
reoc
curr
ence
of
hom
eles
snes
s. Th
e H
ousi
ng F
irst
philo
soph
y is
int
ende
d to
off
er c
lient
-foc
used
hou
sing
and
se
rvic
es th
at a
re fl
exib
le, e
ngag
ing
and
volu
ntar
y. In
a g
row
ing
num
ber
of c
omm
uniti
es a
cros
s th
e co
untry
, the
Hou
sing
Firs
t ap
proa
ch i
s be
ing
succ
essf
ully
em
ploy
ed w
ith b
oth
sing
le
adul
ts
with
se
rious
di
sabi
litie
s (p
rimar
ily
men
tal
illne
ss,
subs
tanc
e ab
use,
and
HIV
/AID
S) a
nd fa
mili
es.
Ado
ptin
g th
e Pl
an’s
Hou
sing
Firs
t app
roac
h w
ill re
quire
a s
hift
in b
oth
prog
ram
phi
loso
phy
and
serv
ice
desi
gn f
or e
mer
genc
y sh
elte
r an
d tra
nsiti
onal
hou
sing
pro
vide
rs—
fro
m a
n ap
proa
ch
that
atte
mpt
s to
add
ress
clie
nts’
und
erly
ing
prob
lem
s pr
ior
to
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
25
plac
ing
them
in
perm
anen
t ho
usin
g to
one
tha
t w
orks
firs
t to
he
lp h
omel
ess h
ouse
hold
s atta
in re
side
ntia
l sta
bilit
y in
the
form
of
per
man
ent h
ousi
ng th
at b
est m
eets
thei
r lon
g-te
rm n
eeds
.
Ove
r the
pas
t 20
year
s, th
e ex
istin
g sy
stem
evo
lved
to re
spon
d to
bot
h th
e in
flux
of f
amili
es i
nto
the
syst
em a
nd p
rovi
ders
’ ex
perie
nce
that
a s
kele
tal s
helte
r ap
proa
ch th
at o
nly
addr
esse
d cl
ient
s’ b
asic
and
imm
edia
te n
eeds
was
pro
ving
insu
ffic
ient
to
reso
lve
clie
nts’
bro
ader
hou
sing
and
ser
vice
nee
ds.
Thus
, pr
ovid
ers
grad
ually
shi
fted
to p
rovi
ding
a f
ulle
r an
d m
ore
inte
nsiv
e ra
nge
of s
ervi
ces
on-s
ite in
pro
gram
s an
d pe
rmitt
ing
long
er le
ngth
s of
sta
y in
the
hope
that
ski
lls c
ould
be
acqu
ired
to
prep
are
clie
nts
for
perm
anen
t in
depe
nden
t ho
usin
g.
Unf
ortu
nate
ly, u
ntil
rece
ntly
we
have
lack
ed a
bod
y of
rese
arch
an
d sy
stem
atic
pr
ogra
m
eval
uatio
n da
ta
to
guid
e se
rvic
e de
velo
pmen
t and
per
mit
asse
ssm
ent o
f whe
ther
the
syst
em h
as
beco
me
any
mor
e ef
fect
ive
as a
resu
lt of
this
evo
lutio
n.
Now
, how
ever
, with
the
adve
nt o
f per
form
ance
-bas
ed fu
ndin
g,
the
findi
ngs
of s
ever
al n
atio
nal p
rogr
am e
valu
atio
n ef
forts
, and
te
chno
logy
tha
t pe
rmits
rou
tine
colle
ctio
n of
lon
gitu
dina
l, cl
ient
-leve
l da
ta,
we
are
deve
lopi
ng
a m
uch
clea
rer
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
stra
tegi
es th
at d
o an
d do
not
eff
ectiv
ely
end
hom
eles
snes
s. Th
is u
nder
stan
ding
sug
gest
s th
at t
he c
urre
nt
syst
em’s
ass
umpt
ion
that
the
ski
lls l
earn
ed i
n em
erge
ncy
and
trans
ition
al
hous
ing
envi
ronm
ents
ar
e tra
nsfe
rabl
e to
pe
rman
ent
hous
ing
setti
ngs
may
no
t ho
ld
true
for
man
y ho
useh
olds
. Res
earc
h fin
ding
s al
so d
emon
stra
te t
hat
Hou
sing
Fi
rst
prog
ram
m
odel
s re
sult
in
sign
ifica
ntly
be
tter
clie
nt
outc
omes
and
are
mor
e co
st-e
ffec
tive
than
the
tra
ditio
nal
shel
ter
appr
oach
es,
whi
ch h
aven
’t ef
fect
ivel
y en
ded
chro
nic
hom
eles
snes
s no
r re
sulte
d in
a r
educ
tion
of e
xpen
sive
, ac
ute
care
or c
rimin
al ju
stic
e in
volv
emen
t.
For
inst
ance
, Pa
thw
ays
to H
ousi
ng,
Inc.
in
New
Yor
k C
ity
dem
onst
rate
s th
at s
ingl
e ad
ults
with
psy
chia
tric
and
subs
tanc
e ab
use
disa
bilit
ies
on t
he s
treet
s, m
any
of w
hom
hav
e be
en
hom
eles
s re
peat
edly
or
for
year
s, ca
n le
ave
the
stre
ets
and
rem
ain
succ
essf
ully
, per
man
ently
hou
sed
usin
g a
Hou
sing
Firs
t ap
proa
ch.
Path
way
s pl
aces
ind
ivid
uals
in
hous
ing
and
offe
rs
Ass
ertiv
e C
omm
unity
Tre
atm
ent,
an i
nten
sive
com
mun
ity-
base
d ca
se m
anag
emen
t and
trea
tmen
t app
roac
h—th
eir
clie
nt-
leve
l res
earc
h sh
ows
that
88%
are
stil
l hou
sed
five
year
s la
ter.10
Path
way
s ha
s al
so d
ocum
ente
d th
at s
igni
fican
t sav
ings
can
be
achi
eved
usi
ng a
Hou
sing
Firs
t mod
el. I
n N
YC
, the
pro
gram
’s
annu
al c
ost p
er c
lient
was
$22
,500
, as
com
pare
d to
$65
,000
for
a co
mm
unity
res
iden
ce;
$40,
000
for
an S
RO
with
ser
vice
s;
$27,
000
for a
cot
in a
pub
lic s
helte
r; $8
5,00
0 fo
r a b
ed in
a ja
il ce
ll; a
nd $
175,
000
for a
bed
in a
Sta
te H
ospi
tal.11
The
New
Yor
k-N
ew Y
ork
Agr
eem
ent C
ost S
tudy
, an
effo
rt to
ev
alua
te th
e ef
fect
iven
ess o
f per
man
ent s
uppo
rtive
hou
sing
, do
cum
ente
d th
at it
onl
y co
st a
n ad
ditio
nal $
995
per y
ear t
o ho
use
a ho
mel
ess i
ndiv
idua
l with
a c
hron
ic m
enta
l illn
ess i
n pe
rman
ent s
uppo
rtive
hou
sing
, bas
ed o
n si
gnifi
cant
redu
ctio
ns
in th
e us
e of
inpa
tient
med
ical
and
men
tal h
ealth
serv
ices
, fe
wer
and
shor
ter h
ospi
taliz
atio
ns in
Sta
te p
sych
iatri
c ce
nter
s, an
d em
erge
ncy
shel
ter u
se.12
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
26
Sim
ilarly
, fam
ilies
who
are
pro
vide
d w
ith h
ousi
ng p
lace
men
t se
rvic
es
and
time-
limite
d fin
anci
al
assi
stan
ce
and
case
m
anag
emen
t are
abl
e to
acc
ess
perm
anen
t hou
sing
qui
ckly
and
m
aint
ain
it, w
ith 7
5% t
o 90
% s
till
hous
ed a
yea
r la
ter.
Mor
eove
r, re
sear
ch o
n th
e im
pact
of h
omel
essn
ess
on c
hild
ren
and
fam
ilies
off
ers
a fu
rther
com
pelli
ng r
atio
nale
for
ado
ptio
n of
a H
ousi
ng F
irst a
ppro
ach
for f
amili
es. D
urin
g th
e tim
e th
ey
are
hom
eles
s, ch
ildre
n fa
re s
igni
fican
tly m
ore
poor
ly a
cros
s a
rang
e of
dom
ains
(he
alth
, sch
ool p
erfo
rman
ce, d
evel
opm
enta
l pr
ogre
ss,
and
wel
l-bei
ng)
than
the
ir co
unte
rpar
ts w
ho a
re
hous
ed.13
This
is a
ref
lect
ion
of th
e im
pact
of
hom
eles
snes
s on
th
eir
scho
ol a
ttend
ance
and
mob
ility
and
the
stre
ss a
nd u
npre
-di
ctab
ility
of
thei
r lif
e ci
rcum
stan
ces.
It is
als
o a
refle
ctio
n of
th
e to
ll th
at h
omel
essn
ess
and
shel
ter
envi
ronm
ents
tak
e on
pa
rent
-chi
ld r
elat
ions
hips
and
the
dis
rupt
ion
they
cau
se t
o fa
mily
rout
ines
and
nor
mal
func
tioni
ng.
That
is
not
to s
ay t
hat
the
tradi
tiona
l sh
elte
r m
odel
doe
s no
t of
fer
bene
fits.
Rat
her
this
Pla
n pr
opos
es t
o st
reng
then
and
re
tool
exi
stin
g sy
stem
com
pone
nts
to i
mpr
ove
care
for
all
clie
nts
by
1)
iden
tifyi
ng
the
popu
latio
n fo
r w
hom
th
e tr
aditi
onal
tra
nsiti
onal
hou
sing
pro
gram
s ar
e m
ost
effe
ctiv
e an
d ta
rget
ing
thes
e pr
ogra
ms
to th
at s
peci
fic p
opul
atio
n, a
nd
2) c
reat
ing
new
tran
sitio
n in
pla
ce a
nd p
erm
anen
t sup
port
ive
hous
ing
units
to m
eet t
he p
erm
anen
t hou
sing
nee
ds o
f tho
se fo
r w
hom
the
cur
rent
sys
tem
is
not
effe
ctiv
e. I
n th
is w
ay,
the
exis
ting
hom
eles
s se
rvic
e sy
stem
will
cha
nge
from
a s
yste
m
that
dea
ls w
ith a
ll in
divi
dual
s fa
cing
hom
eles
snes
s in
the
sam
e m
anne
r to
one
that
diff
eren
tiate
s be
twee
n se
rvic
es f
or p
erso
ns
with
shor
t-ter
m n
eeds
and
thos
e w
ith lo
ng-te
rm n
eeds
.
The
prim
ary
prog
ram
mod
els
with
in t
he p
ropo
sed
Hou
sing
Fi
rst
syst
em a
re:
prev
entio
n, o
utre
ach,
em
erge
ncy
shel
ter,
trans
ition
in
plac
e ho
usin
g, l
imite
d tra
nsiti
onal
hou
sing
, an
d pe
rman
ent
supp
ortiv
e ho
usin
g. T
able
s 4.
1 an
d 4.
2 lis
t th
e pr
opos
ed p
oint
-in-ti
me
syst
em c
apac
ity f
or i
ndiv
idua
ls a
nd
fam
ilies
. Eac
h of
the
se p
rogr
am m
odel
s is
des
crib
ed i
n m
ore
deta
il in
the
sect
ion
follo
win
g th
e ta
bles
. The
met
hodo
logy
for
deriv
ing
thes
e es
timat
es i
s de
taile
d in
the
Ten
-Yea
r P
lan
Met
hodo
logy
.
The
plan
’s v
isio
n in
clud
es tw
o br
oad
goal
s:
• end
ing
chro
nic
hom
eles
snes
s; a
nd
• im
prov
ing
the
syst
em o
f car
e fo
r oth
ers w
ho a
re
serv
ed b
y th
e sy
stem
that
face
mor
e sh
ort-t
erm
ne
eds.
Tabl
e 4.
3 di
spla
ys th
e ho
usin
g st
rate
gies
org
aniz
ed b
y th
ese
two
broa
d go
als
and
lists
th
e ad
ditio
nal
unde
rlyin
g in
fras
truct
ure
impr
ovem
ents
req
uire
d to
stre
ngth
en th
e sy
stem
ov
eral
l.
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
27
*
All n
umbe
rs a
re b
ased
on
proj
ectio
ns a
nd s
houl
d be
per
iodi
cally
revi
ewed
in th
e co
nten
t of n
ew d
ata,
dem
and
for s
ervi
ces
and
the
over
all s
ocia
l and
ec
onom
ic e
nviro
nmen
t.
**
Cur
rent
inve
ntor
y is
n't r
elev
ant f
or th
e pu
rpos
es o
f the
se c
harts
, sin
ce it
isn'
t acc
essi
ble
to h
omel
ess
pers
ons.
**
*
Whe
n th
e Te
n Y
ear P
lan
is fu
lly im
plem
ente
d an
d ot
her l
ong-
term
hou
sing
sup
port
is a
vaila
ble,
the
shel
ter s
yste
m fo
r ind
ivid
uals
can
be
redu
ced
to 1
62 e
mer
genc
y sh
elte
r bed
s an
d 61
tran
sitio
nal h
ousi
ng u
nits
, and
the
shel
ter s
yste
m fo
r fam
ilies
can
be re
duce
d to
27
emer
genc
y sh
elte
r un
its a
nd n
o tra
nsiti
onal
hou
sing
.
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
28
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
29
Prog
ram
Mod
els
A
s no
ted,
Hou
sing
Firs
t cal
ls fo
r a s
impl
e bu
t pro
foun
d ch
ange
in
the
way
that
the
hom
eles
s sys
tem
resp
onds
to th
ose
it se
rves
. Th
e fu
ndam
enta
l sh
ift i
s th
at h
omel
ess
serv
ices
, suc
h as
cas
e m
anag
emen
t, ar
e tra
nsiti
onal
; the
hou
sing
in w
hich
per
sons
are
pl
aced
is p
erm
anen
t. Th
is d
oes
not m
ean
that
con
sum
ers
may
no
t ne
ed
case
m
anag
emen
t, su
bsta
nce
abus
e tre
atm
ent,
empl
oym
ent t
rain
ing
or o
ther
supp
orts
onc
e in
hou
sing
—
rath
er,
it m
eans
tha
t th
e ho
mel
ess
syst
em s
houl
d pr
ovid
e im
med
iate
sho
rt-te
rm s
uppo
rtive
ser
vice
s w
rapp
ed a
roun
d th
eir
new
hou
sing
and
sho
uld
link
cons
umer
s to
com
mun
ity-b
ased
se
rvic
es th
at c
an m
eet t
heir
long
-term
supp
ortiv
e se
rvic
e ne
eds.
Th
e pr
opos
ed m
odel
is sh
own
in F
igur
e 4.
1.
No
Wro
ng
Doo
r
En
gage
men
t A
sses
smen
t R
efer
rals
B
enef
its
Lin
kage
Per
man
ent
Supp
orti
ve
Hou
sin
g
Mar
ket
Rat
e P
erm
anen
t H
ousi
ng
Tran
siti
on in
P
lace
Per
man
ent
Hou
sin
g
Tran
siti
onal
H
ousi
ng
(up
to 2
yrs
)
Emer
gen
cy
Shel
ter
(30
– 9
0 d
ays)
Pre
ven
tion
(H
ousi
ng
Ret
enti
on)
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
30
Prev
entio
n
The
Plan
exp
ands
cur
rent
pre
vent
ion
serv
ices
in tw
o si
gnifi
cant
w
ays:
1)
thro
ugh
time-
limite
d fin
anci
al a
ssis
tanc
e an
d 2)
br
oade
r sy
stem
-leve
l pr
even
tion
stra
tegi
es,
such
as
enha
nced
di
scha
rge
plan
ning
. Fi
rst,
the
Plan
pro
pose
s an
exp
ansi
on i
n on
e-tim
e an
d sh
ort-t
erm
pre
vent
ion
assi
stan
ce.
Thro
ugh
this
ex
pans
ion,
one
-tim
e pr
even
tion
assi
stan
ce m
ay r
ange
fro
m a
si
ngle
lum
p su
m to
a th
ree-
mon
th re
nt s
ubsi
dy w
ith li
nkag
e to
la
ndlo
rd-te
nant
m
edia
tion,
cr
edit
coun
selin
g,
and
othe
r su
ppor
tive
serv
ices
. Thi
s tim
e-lim
ited
prev
entio
n is
env
isio
ned
to b
e cl
osel
y co
ordi
nate
d w
ith o
ther
rent
sup
ports
, and
may
be
mos
t ef
fect
ivel
y m
anag
ed
thro
ugh
the
prop
osed
ce
ntra
l H
ousi
ng
Firs
t R
esou
rce
Cen
ter,
as
desc
ribed
in
th
e In
fras
truct
ure
sect
ion
belo
w.
The
spec
ific
num
ber
of o
ne-ti
me
prev
entio
n gr
ants
ref
eren
ced
in T
able
s 4.
1 an
d 4.
2 re
pres
ent t
he n
umbe
r of g
rant
s th
at w
ill
be a
vaila
ble
each
mon
th. T
hese
num
bers
onl
y ac
coun
t for
the
estim
ated
num
ber
of h
ouse
hold
s th
at a
re c
urre
ntly
bec
omin
g ho
mel
ess
who
se h
omel
essn
ess
coul
d ha
ve b
een
prev
ente
d if
ther
e ha
d be
en
adeq
uate
an
d tim
ely
finan
cial
as
sist
ance
av
aila
ble.
The
re a
re l
ikel
y m
any
mor
e ho
useh
olds
who
cou
ld
bene
fit f
rom
com
para
ble
cash
ass
ista
nce;
how
ever
, the
se f
am-
ilies
are
not
cur
rent
ly b
ecom
ing
hom
eles
s, th
us, t
heir
dem
and
is n
ot a
ccou
nted
for i
n th
e Pl
an p
roje
ctio
ns.
Seco
nd, t
he P
lan
prop
oses
an
inve
stm
ent i
n th
e de
velo
pmen
t of
syst
em-le
vel
disc
harg
e pl
anni
ng
stra
tegi
es
with
pr
ison
s, m
edic
al f
acili
ties,
and
othe
r in
stitu
tions
to p
reve
nt in
divi
dual
s
from
bec
omin
g ho
mel
ess
upon
rel
ease
. Th
is s
trate
gy i
s al
so
desc
ribed
in
the
Infr
astru
ctur
e Im
prov
emen
ts s
ectio
n of
thi
s ch
apte
r.
Stre
et a
nd S
helte
r Out
reac
h
Out
reac
hing
to a
dults
on
the
stre
ets
and
in s
helte
rs h
as p
rove
n to
be
an e
ffec
tive
stra
tegy
for e
ngag
ing
even
the
mos
t dis
able
d an
d “s
ervi
ce r
esis
tant
” in
divi
dual
s in
to h
ousi
ng a
nd c
are.
14
The
curr
ent
syst
em
incl
udes
ou
treac
h se
rvic
es
from
bo
th
emer
genc
y sh
elte
r an
d m
enta
l he
alth
pro
vide
rs.
Staf
f fr
om
agen
cies
that
are
cur
rent
ly p
rovi
d in
g ou
treac
h w
ill b
e of
fere
d tra
inin
g on
St
ages
of
C
hang
e/M
otiv
atio
nal
Inte
rvie
win
g en
gage
men
t ap
proa
ches
an
d be
lin
ked
with
ad
ditio
nal
reso
urce
s to
supp
ort t
imel
y pe
rman
ent h
ousi
ng p
lace
men
t.
Stag
es o
f C
hang
e/M
otiv
atio
nal I
nter
view
ing
is a
bes
t pra
ctic
e fo
r en
gagi
ng p
eopl
e to
add
ress
beh
avio
ral
heal
th a
nd o
ther
lif
esty
le c
hang
e is
sues
. Pio
neer
ed w
ith p
erso
ns w
ith s
ubst
ance
us
e di
sord
ers,
stag
es
of
chan
ge/m
otiv
atio
nal
inte
rvie
win
g in
terv
entio
ns h
ave
been
suc
cess
fully
ada
pted
for
per
sons
with
m
enta
l ill
ness
, du
al-d
isor
ders
, an
d th
ose
who
are
hom
eles
s. Su
ch a
n ap
proa
ch r
ecog
nize
s th
e im
porta
nce
of a
sses
sing
w
here
an
indi
vidu
al i
s re
lativ
e to
his
/her
und
erst
andi
ng o
f a
need
to
ch
ange
an
d co
mm
itmen
t to
th
e ch
ange
pr
oces
s. Pr
ogra
ms
that
util
ize
a St
ages
of
Cha
nge
appr
oach
ass
ess
and
resp
ect
whe
re a
n in
divi
dual
is
in t
hat
proc
ess
and
enco
urag
e an
d m
otiv
ate
rath
er
than
m
anda
te
prog
ress
. U
se
of
this
ap
proa
ch
has
been
as
soci
ated
w
ith
grea
ter
treat
men
t pa
rtici
patio
n an
d ou
tcom
es, i
nclu
ding
: red
uced
sub
stan
ce u
se,
bette
r soc
ial a
djus
tmen
t, an
d su
cces
sful
refe
rral
s to
treat
men
t.15
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
31
Emer
genc
y Sh
elte
r Em
erge
ncy
shel
ter
prog
ram
s ar
e an
impo
rtant
com
pone
nt o
f a
Hou
sing
Firs
t res
pons
e. W
hile
the
Plan
atte
mpt
s to
sho
rten
the
aver
age
leng
th o
f st
ay w
ithin
an
emer
genc
y sh
elte
r, th
ese
prog
ram
s re
mai
n a
criti
cal a
cces
s po
int f
or h
ousi
ng a
nd o
ther
su
ppor
tive
serv
ices
. Th
e ex
istin
g sh
elte
r sy
stem
w
ill
be
enha
nced
to e
xpan
d its
cur
rent
role
of p
rovi
ding
bas
ic fo
od a
nd
shel
ter
to f
ocus
on
clie
nt a
sses
smen
t, ho
usin
g pl
acem
ent,
refe
rral
s and
mai
nstre
am e
ntitl
emen
t ben
efits
link
age.
The
prop
osed
em
erge
ncy
shel
ter
syst
em w
ill e
mbr
ace
a “N
o W
rong
Doo
r” a
ppro
ach
to s
helte
r so
all c
lient
s w
ill e
xper
ienc
e th
ese
enha
nced
em
erge
ncy
shel
ter
serv
ices
no
mat
ter
wha
t pr
ogra
m t
hey
initi
ally
acc
ess.
Whi
le t
he P
lan
does
not
set
a
max
imum
allo
wab
le l
engt
h of
sta
y in
she
lter,
the
Task
For
ce
aim
s fo
r cl
ient
s to
be
plac
ed in
per
man
ent
hous
ing
with
in 3
0 da
ys, r
ecog
nizi
ng th
at a
siz
able
num
ber o
f clie
nts
will
mov
e on
to
oth
er h
ousi
ng o
n th
eir
own
with
out s
igni
fican
t sup
port.
For
th
ose
that
do
requ
ire tr
ansi
tiona
l ass
ista
nce,
the
Hou
sing
Firs
t R
esou
rce
Cen
ter (
desc
ribed
in th
e In
fras
truct
ure
Impr
ovem
ents
se
ctio
n be
low
) w
ill f
acili
tate
acc
ess
to i
nfor
mat
ion
abou
t av
aila
ble
perm
anen
t ho
usin
g pr
oper
ties,
rent
sub
sidi
es,
and
land
lord
s. Tr
ansi
tiona
l Hou
sing
A
lthou
gh
the
Plan
em
phas
izes
th
e ne
ed
for
imm
edia
te
perm
anen
t ho
usin
g pl
acem
ent,
it re
cogn
izes
a r
ole
for
long
-te
rm tr
ansi
tiona
l hou
sing
for
cer
tain
pop
ulat
ions
. For
inst
ance
, pr
ovid
ers
have
in
dica
ted
that
in
divi
dual
s ba
ttlin
g ch
roni
c ad
dict
ions
tha
t ar
e re
ady
to e
mbr
ace
sobr
iety
ben
efit
from
a
stru
ctur
ed,
cong
rega
te e
nviro
nmen
t w
ith s
uppo
rtive
ser
vice
s an
d pe
er m
ento
ring
on-s
ite. T
hus,
the
Plan
mai
ntai
ns a
leve
l of
trans
ition
al h
ousi
ng t
o ta
rget
tho
se p
opul
atio
ns t
hat
bene
fit
mos
t fr
om
a st
aged
ho
usin
g ap
proa
ch.
Thes
e tra
nsiti
onal
ho
usin
g pr
ogra
ms
are
gene
rally
pa
rt of
a
cont
inuu
m
of
prog
ram
s of
fere
d by
a s
ingl
e pr
ovid
er,
whe
re a
clie
nt c
an
seam
less
ly m
ove
from
an
emer
genc
y sh
elte
r pro
gram
to tr
ansi
-tio
nal
hous
ing
whe
re h
e ca
n st
ay f
or u
p to
24
mon
ths.
Tran
sitio
nal
hous
ing
prog
ram
s al
so o
ffer
ext
ensi
ve h
ousi
ng
plac
emen
t ser
vice
s an
d fo
llow
-up
case
man
agem
ent t
o en
sure
th
at c
lient
s ar
e pl
aced
in
perm
anen
t ho
usin
g an
d re
tain
the
ir ho
usin
g.
Tran
sitio
n in
Pla
ce
Tran
sitio
n in
Pla
ce i
s a
new
pro
gram
mod
el p
ropo
sed
with
in
the
Plan
. Th
e H
ousi
ng F
irst
umbr
ella
enc
ompa
sses
a d
iver
se
rang
e of
pro
gram
s th
at s
hare
the
fol
low
ing
core
fea
ture
s: a
pr
imar
y fo
cus
on a
ssis
ting
fam
ilies
to
obta
in a
nd s
usta
in
perm
anen
t ho
usin
g an
d th
e pr
ovis
ion
of h
ousi
ng p
lace
men
t, fin
anci
al a
ssis
tanc
e, a
nd c
ase
man
agem
ent
(gen
eral
ly t
ime
limite
d) s
ervi
ces
to p
rom
ote
this
goa
l. So
me
prog
ram
s pr
ovid
e di
rect
rent
sub
sidi
es, a
nd o
ther
s re
ly o
n m
arke
t-rat
e ho
usin
g or
lin
kage
to
mai
nstre
am h
ousi
ng p
rogr
ams.
The
Plan
pro
pose
s si
x-m
onth
tra
nsiti
onal
ren
t su
bsid
ies
and
supp
ortiv
e se
rvic
es
for
hous
ehol
ds w
ith s
hort-
term
nee
ds.
Long
er-te
rm r
ent
sub-
sidi
es a
nd s
uppo
rtive
ser
vice
s, up
to 2
4 m
onth
s, ar
e pr
opos
ed
for
hous
ehol
ds w
ith l
ong-
term
nee
ds,
such
as
an i
ndiv
idua
l w
ith a
ser
ious
men
tal i
llnes
s w
ho n
eeds
tim
e to
reso
lve
pres
ent
issu
es b
ut h
as t
he i
ncom
e po
tent
ial
(thou
gh e
mpl
oym
ent
or
disa
bilit
y be
nefit
s)
to
sust
ain
mar
ket-r
ate
or
subs
idiz
ed
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
32
hous
ing.
Perm
anen
t Sup
port
ive
Hou
sing
C
oupl
ing
hous
ing
with
fle
xibl
e,
tailo
red
supp
ort
serv
ices
av
aila
ble
on-s
ite h
as p
rove
n ef
fect
ive
at r
educ
ing
time
spen
t ho
mel
ess,
incr
easi
ng h
ousi
ng s
tabi
lity,
red
ucin
g th
e us
e (a
nd
ther
efor
e th
e co
st)
of p
ublic
ly f
unde
d se
rvic
es (
parti
cula
rly
emer
genc
y sh
elte
r an
d st
ate-
fund
ed
inpa
tient
ps
ychi
atric
fa
cilit
ies)
, an
d im
prov
ing
men
tal
heal
th a
nd s
ubst
ance
abu
se
reco
very
.16
Perm
anen
t su
ppor
tive
hous
ing
prog
ram
s va
ry w
ith
rega
rd t
o th
eir
stru
ctur
e (p
roje
ct-b
ased
, cl
uste
red,
sca
ttere
d si
te)
and
the
natu
re a
nd i
nten
sity
of
serv
ices
. A
s de
scrib
ed
prev
ious
ly,
one
appr
oach
th
at
has
prov
en
parti
cula
rly
succ
essf
ul f
or s
ingl
e ad
ults
with
chr
onic
dis
abili
ties
is a
sc
atte
red
site
, Hou
sing
Firs
t mod
el, P
athw
ays
to H
ousi
ng, t
hat
pairs
hou
sing
and
ass
ertiv
e co
mm
unity
trea
tmen
t ser
vice
s, an
d af
ford
s pa
rtici
pant
s si
gnifi
cant
cho
ice
in th
eir
hous
ing.
In
this
m
odel
, ad
ults
are
mov
ed d
irect
ly f
rom
the
stre
ets
or s
helte
rs
into
hou
sing
of
thei
r ch
oosi
ng, a
nd p
artic
ipat
ion
in t
reat
men
t an
d ot
her s
ervi
ces i
s vol
unta
ry.17
Prop
osed
per
man
ent s
uppo
rtive
hou
sing
env
ironm
ents
incl
ude
mar
ket-r
ate
apar
tmen
ts a
nd h
ouse
s, cl
uste
red
or s
catte
red
site
ap
artm
ents
with
inte
grat
ed su
ppor
tive
serv
ices
, gro
up h
omes
or
assi
sted
liv
ing
setti
ngs,
treat
men
t ho
usin
g an
d m
ixed
-po
pula
tion
hous
ing
for
both
per
sons
with
dis
abili
ties
and
empl
oyed
pe
rson
s an
d/or
ge
nera
l po
pula
tion
low
-inco
me
resi
dent
s. Th
e Pl
an w
ill s
uppo
rt m
odel
s in
whi
ch: c
lient
s ha
ve
choi
ce r
egar
ding
the
loca
tion
and
type
of
perm
anen
t hou
sing
; th
ere
is n
o lim
it on
the
leng
th o
f tim
e th
at th
e ho
useh
old
can
rem
ain
in t
he p
rope
rty;
inco
me
stra
tegi
es a
re i
nteg
rate
d in
to
case
man
agem
ent
to h
elp
hous
ehol
ds i
ncre
ase
thei
r in
com
es
and
hous
ing
stab
ility
; an
d, c
ase
man
agem
ent
and
supp
ortiv
e se
rvic
es a
re p
rovi
ded
in th
e m
ost a
ppro
pria
te w
ay n
eces
sary
to
keep
the
indi
vidu
al o
r fam
ily in
the
hous
ing
they
cho
ose.
In
fras
truc
ture
Sup
port
s
Whi
le
som
e of
th
e pr
opos
ed
chan
ges
mus
t oc
cur
with
in
spec
ific
hom
eles
s pr
ogra
ms
and
agen
cies
, oth
er im
prov
emen
ts
are
need
ed a
t a s
yste
m-le
vel t
o su
ppor
t hom
eles
s pr
ogra
ms
and
to e
ffic
ient
ly ta
rget
mai
nstre
am s
yste
ms.
As
wel
l, th
e ef
ficac
y of
all
of t
hese
cha
nges
mus
t be
def
ined
, m
onito
red,
and
ev
alua
ted
at
a br
oade
r co
mm
unity
le
vel.
Act
ion
in
the
follo
win
g ar
eas
is re
quire
d to
enh
ance
the
over
all e
ffec
tiven
ess
of th
e se
rvic
e de
liver
y sy
stem
.
Hom
eles
s Pr
ovid
er T
rain
ing
H
omel
ess s
ervi
ce p
rogr
ams w
ill n
ot b
e ab
le to
pro
vide
Hou
sing
Fi
rst-o
rient
ed s
ervi
ces
if st
aff
at th
ese
agen
cies
are
not
trai
ned
in th
e ph
iloso
phy
and
appr
oach
. In
som
e ca
ses,
staf
f w
ill o
nly
need
lim
ited
train
ing
on n
ew s
trate
gies
and
res
ourc
es t
o su
ppor
t the
ir da
ily c
ase
man
agem
ent a
ctiv
ities
. In
othe
r ca
ses,
mor
e ex
tens
ive
train
ing
will
be
nece
ssar
y to
tea
ch s
taff
new
sk
ill s
ets
or a
new
way
of
prov
idin
g se
rvic
es.
For
inst
ance
, sh
elte
r-ba
sed
case
man
ager
s m
ay n
eed
to b
e re
train
ed t
o pr
ovid
e co
mm
uni-t
y-ba
sed
case
man
agem
ent.
Trai
ning
will
bu
ild
on
exis
ting
com
mun
ity
prof
essi
onal
de
velo
pmen
t ac
tiviti
es.
Staf
f tra
inin
g in
itiat
ives
will
add
ress
the
need
for
coo
rdin
ated
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
33
staf
f ed
ucat
iona
l pr
ogra
mm
ing
amon
g sh
elte
r pr
ovid
ers,
prov
ide
cont
ext a
nd s
peci
fic b
est p
ract
ice
mod
els
for
Hou
sing
Fi
rst i
nitia
tives
, and
ena
ble
staf
f to
sta
y cu
rren
t with
req
uire
d sa
fety
, fir
st a
id,
and
prof
essi
onal
cer
tific
atio
n de
sign
atio
ns.
Add
ition
al t
rain
ing
will
exp
ose
staf
f to
the
mos
t cu
rren
t an
d ev
iden
ce-b
ased
suc
cess
ful
prog
ram
mod
els
in a
reas
suc
h as
ch
emic
al d
epen
denc
y; m
enta
l he
alth
tre
atm
ent;
hous
ing
and
lega
l rig
hts;
stre
ss m
anag
emen
t; ra
ce a
nd s
ocio
econ
omic
cla
ss
disc
rimin
atio
n;
mai
nstre
am
reso
urce
el
igib
ility
an
d ac
cess
re
quire
men
ts; a
nd o
ther
topi
cs a
s app
ropr
iate
.
Serv
ice
Coo
rdin
atio
n, D
isch
arge
Pla
nnin
g an
d M
ains
trea
m R
esou
rce
Coo
rdin
atio
n
A h
ighe
r de
gree
of
serv
ice
coor
dina
tion
amon
g pr
ovid
ers
of
hom
eles
s se
rvic
es is
als
o ne
cess
ary
at s
ever
al le
vels
: with
in th
e ho
mel
ess
serv
ice
deliv
ery
syst
em;
with
in
stitu
tions
th
at
curr
ently
dis
char
ge p
erso
ns in
to th
e ho
mel
ess
syst
em; a
nd w
ith
syst
ems
and
prov
ider
s th
at m
anag
e m
ains
tream
res
ourc
es th
at
are
criti
cal
for
the
long
-term
su
ppor
t of
pe
rson
s w
ho
expe
rienc
e ho
mel
essn
ess.
Enha
ncem
ents
tha
t pr
omot
e in
crea
sed
serv
ice
coor
dina
tion
amon
g ho
mel
ess
prov
ider
s in
clud
e:
coor
dina
ted
inta
ke,
asse
ssm
ent,
case
m
anag
emen
t, an
d se
rvic
e pr
otoc
ols.
Stan
dard
ized
in
take
as
sess
men
t to
ols
may
ne
ed
to
be
deve
lope
d,
alon
g w
ith
prot
ocol
s th
at
defin
e ro
les,
resp
onsi
bilit
ies,
and
proc
edur
es to
impr
ove
the
effic
ienc
y an
d qu
ality
of
serv
ice
deliv
ery.
Ser
vice
coo
rdin
atio
n ef
forts
will
im
prov
e lin
es
of
com
mun
icat
ion
and
emph
asiz
e m
ulti-
disc
iplin
ary
team
s an
d pa
rtner
ship
s be
twee
n se
rvic
e
orga
niza
tions
.
Equa
lly im
porta
nt a
re e
ffor
ts to
form
aliz
e di
scha
rge
plan
s fr
om
larg
e in
stitu
tions
(e.
g. p
ublic
and
priv
ate
hosp
itals
, pr
ison
s, fo
ster
car
e sy
stem
, et
c.)
that
may
hav
e an
opp
ortu
nity
to
prev
ent
hom
eles
snes
s fo
r in
divi
dual
s or
fa
mili
es
thro
ugh
proa
ctiv
e ho
usin
g pl
acem
ent a
nd s
ervi
ce li
nkag
e. A
s w
ell,
the
hom
eles
s sy
stem
ne
eds
to
impr
ove
its
stra
tegi
es
for
syst
emat
ical
ly s
cree
ning
clie
nts
and
help
ing
them
enr
oll
in
elig
ible
ben
efit
prog
ram
s, su
ch a
s Fo
od S
tam
ps,
Med
icai
d,
Soci
al S
ecur
ity a
nd T
AN
F. P
rovi
ders
als
o ne
ed t
o cu
ltiva
te
form
al li
nkag
e ag
reem
ents
with
mai
nstre
am p
rovi
ders
, suc
h as
m
enta
l he
alth
pro
vide
rs,
subs
tanc
e ab
use
prov
ider
s, an
d th
e pu
blic
hou
sing
aut
horit
y, t
o he
lp t
heir
clie
nts
quic
kly
acce
ss
avai
labl
e m
ains
tream
reso
urce
s.
Stra
tegi
es to
impr
ove
effo
rts in
all
thre
e of
thes
e ar
eas
will
be
criti
cal t
o th
e su
cces
s of t
he P
lan.
H
ousi
ng F
irst R
esou
rce
Cen
ter
To s
uppo
rt th
e sh
ift t
o a
Hou
sing
Firs
t ap
proa
ch,
hom
eles
s pr
ovid
ers
mus
t ha
ve a
cces
s to
an
effe
ctiv
e m
echa
nism
to
quic
kly
acce
ss in
form
atio
n ab
out a
vaila
ble
perm
anen
t hou
sing
op
tions
an
d re
sour
ces
with
in
the
com
mun
ity.
The
Plan
pr
opos
es
a H
ousi
ng
Firs
t R
esou
rce
Cen
ter
to
serv
e th
is
func
tion.
The
Hou
sing
Firs
t R
esou
rce
Cen
ter
will
be
staf
fed
with
trai
ned
hous
ing
spec
ialis
ts w
ho w
ill c
ultiv
ate
rela
tions
hips
w
ith l
andl
ords
and
man
age
a da
taba
se t
hat
deta
ils a
vaila
ble
prop
ertie
s by
typ
e, n
umbe
r of
bed
room
s, lo
catio
n, m
onth
ly
rent
, and
land
lord
fam
iliar
ity a
nd su
ppor
t of t
he P
lan.
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
34
The
Hou
sing
Firs
t R
esou
rce
Cen
ter
may
als
o be
use
d to
ce
ntra
lly
adm
inis
ter
shor
t-ter
m
prev
entio
n as
sist
ance
, Tr
ansi
tion
in P
lace
and
/or
Perm
anen
t Sup
porti
ve H
ousi
ng r
ent
subs
idie
s, in
coo
rdin
atio
n w
ith h
omel
ess
or s
uppo
rtive
ser
vice
pr
ovid
ers.
As
wel
l, th
e C
ente
r co
uld
adm
inis
ter
a co
mm
unity
ris
k m
anag
emen
t po
ol t
o be
use
d to
miti
gate
ris
ks o
f pl
acin
g cl
ient
s in
mar
ket r
ate
hous
ing.
Empl
oym
ent R
esou
rces
N
atio
nal
rese
arch
on
indi
vidu
als
who
are
hom
eles
s an
d lo
cal
focu
s gr
oup
resu
lts
indi
cate
th
at
man
y pe
rson
s w
ho
are
hom
eles
s ar
e em
ploy
ed a
nd m
ost w
ho a
re n
ot e
mpl
oyed
wan
t to
wor
k. F
or th
ose
faci
ng a
sho
rt-te
rm h
ousi
ng c
risis
, sel
f-he
lp
empl
oym
ent
reso
urce
s, in
clud
ing
acce
ss
to
job
listin
gs,
tele
phon
es
and
trans
porta
tion,
m
ay
prov
ide
suff
icie
nt
assi
stan
ce. F
or th
ose
with
gre
ater
bar
riers
to e
mpl
oym
ent a
nd
thos
e w
ith u
niqu
e em
ploy
men
t an
d tra
inin
g ne
eds,
stab
le
hous
ing
is n
eede
d be
fore
they
can
beg
in to
add
ress
thei
r lo
ng-
term
voc
atio
nal
need
s. A
ctiv
e co
llabo
ratio
n am
ong
hom
eles
s pr
ovid
ers
and
mai
nstre
am e
mpl
oym
ent
and
treat
men
t se
rvic
e pr
ovid
ers i
s crit
ical
to th
e su
cces
s of e
mpl
oym
ent i
nitia
tives
for
form
erly
hom
eles
s in
divi
dual
s an
d fa
mili
es. N
ew e
mpl
oym
ent
initi
ativ
es a
re n
eede
d th
at f
ocus
on
the
need
s of
per
sons
who
ar
e ho
mel
ess o
r who
hav
e re
cent
ly b
een
hom
e le
ss. T
he g
oal o
f th
ese
empl
oym
ent i
nitia
tives
will
be
to li
nk p
erso
ns, a
t a p
ace
appr
opria
te
to
thei
r si
tuat
ions
, to
m
ains
tream
co
mm
unity
ed
ucat
ion,
em
ploy
men
t and
trai
ning
pro
gram
s.
The
plan
pro
pose
s int
egra
ting
addi
tiona
l em
ploy
men
t res
ourc
es
into
the
exis
ting
shel
ter
syst
em a
nd in
corp
orat
ing
empl
oym
ent
prog
ram
co
mpo
nent
s in
to
all
futu
re
supp
ortiv
e ho
usin
g in
itiat
ives
, to
pr
omot
e a
cultu
re
of
wor
k in
th
e ho
usin
g en
viro
nmen
t. Em
ploy
men
t suc
cess
will
be
defin
ed in
divi
dual
ly
for
each
res
iden
t, ac
cord
ing
to h
is/h
er s
kills
and
abi
litie
s. Fo
r an
y gi
ven
pers
on,
succ
essf
ul e
mpl
oym
ent
may
ran
ge f
rom
a
few
hou
rs a
wee
k, o
r ev
en o
ccas
iona
l in
form
al w
ork,
to
full-
time
care
er-f
ocus
ed e
mpl
oym
ent.
Empl
oym
ent
initi
ativ
es w
ill
also
hel
p to
cre
ate
non-
tradi
tiona
l job
s for
thos
e w
ho a
re u
nabl
e to
com
pete
in th
e pr
ivat
e se
ctor
, and
tran
sitio
nal e
mpl
oym
ent
oppo
rtuni
ties
that
ca
n he
lp
pers
ons
mov
e in
to
tradi
tiona
l em
ploy
men
t.
Out
com
es
Hig
h-le
vel
stra
tegi
es
in
the
Plan
m
ust
be
trans
late
d in
to
conc
rete
, ac
hiev
able
st
eps
for
the
com
mun
ity,
hom
eles
s go
vern
ance
bo
ard,
ho
mel
ess
prov
ider
s, an
d pe
rson
s ex
perie
ncin
g ho
mel
essn
ess.
Onl
y by
def
inin
g be
nchm
arks
for
su
cces
s and
mon
itorin
g pr
ogre
ss to
war
ds th
eir a
chie
vem
ent c
an
we
real
ize
our
visi
on o
f en
ding
chr
onic
hom
eles
snes
s an
d im
prov
ing
the
syst
em
of
care
fo
r al
l th
ose
who
fa
ce
hom
eles
snes
s. Th
e fo
llow
ing
outc
omes
pro
vide
a s
tarti
ng p
oint
fo
r an
ou
tcom
es
fram
ewor
k fo
r ea
ch
cons
titue
nt
grou
p:
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
35
Com
mun
ity O
utco
mes
:
Com
mun
ity is
edu
cate
d ab
out t
he e
xten
t and
sco
pe o
f ho
mel
essn
ess i
n W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
Cou
nty.
Com
mun
ity su
ppor
ts P
lan
reco
mm
enda
tions
, inc
ludi
ng
stra
tegy
of d
evel
opin
g pe
rman
ent h
ousi
ng o
ptio
ns
scat
tere
d th
roug
hout
the
com
mun
ity.
C
hron
ic h
omel
essn
ess i
s elim
inat
ed in
W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
Cou
nty.
Syst
em o
f car
e fo
r all
hom
eles
s per
sons
and
fa
mili
es is
impr
oved
. H
omel
ess
Gov
erna
nce
Boa
rd O
utco
me:
Com
mun
ity-b
ased
ser
vice
s an
d ho
usin
g fo
r pe
rson
s ex
perie
ncin
g ho
mel
essn
ess
are
coor
dina
ted,
eff
icie
nt,
cost
-eff
ectiv
e, a
nd a
cces
sibl
e.
Hom
eles
s Se
rvic
e Pr
ovid
ers
Out
com
e:
Se
rvic
es a
re p
rovi
ded
in a
clie
nt-c
ente
red
envi
ron-
men
t th
at p
rom
otes
saf
ety
(fac
ility
sta
ndar
ds);
clie
nt
self-
dete
rmin
atio
n (h
ousi
ng f
irst
philo
soph
y);
quic
k ac
cess
to
th
e m
ost
appr
opria
te
hous
ing
optio
ns
(dec
reas
ing
clie
nt le
ngth
of s
tay
in sh
elte
r and
link
age
to p
erm
anen
t ho
usin
g);
and
acce
ss t
o an
arr
ay o
f se
rvic
es (r
efer
ral a
nd li
nkag
e to
app
ropr
iate
serv
ices
).
Hom
eles
s M
anag
emen
t Inf
orm
atio
n Sy
stem
(HM
IS)
This
Pl
an
unde
rsco
res
the
impo
rtanc
e of
en
hanc
ed
data
co
llect
ion
and
mon
itorin
g ca
pabi
litie
s an
d co
ntin
uous
qua
lity
impr
ovem
ent o
n a
syst
em-w
ide
leve
l. A
func
tioni
ng H
omel
ess
Man
agem
ent
Info
rmat
ion
Syst
em (
HM
IS),
with
par
ticip
atio
n fr
om a
bro
ad ra
nge
of h
omel
ess
assi
stan
ce p
rovi
ders
, off
ers
the
abili
ty
to
cond
uct
stan
dard
po
int-i
n-tim
e an
d lo
ngitu
dina
l co
unts
of
the
hom
eles
s po
pula
tion
to i
nfor
m p
rogr
am a
nd
syst
em d
evel
opm
ent a
nd p
olic
y m
akin
g.
Cur
rent
pla
ns a
re u
nder
way
to e
xpan
d an
d m
erge
the
exis
ting
syst
em w
ith t
he S
tate
’s H
MIS
. Pa
rtici
pant
s w
ill a
lso
need
to
com
ply
with
the
U.S
. D
epar
tmen
t of
Hou
sing
and
Urb
an
Dev
elop
men
t’s H
MIS
Dat
a an
d Te
chni
cal S
tand
ards
to
assu
re
cons
iste
ncy
and
unifo
rmity
of
data
col
lect
ion,
app
ropr
iate
cl
ient
con
fiden
tialit
y pr
otec
tions
, and
syst
em se
curit
y.
An
enha
nced
HM
IS w
ill in
clud
e th
e fo
llow
ing:
• D
evel
opm
ent o
f an
inte
grat
ed c
lient
-leve
l dat
a-ba
se—
an
auto
mat
ed c
lient
trac
king
syst
em to
hel
p co
ordi
nate
hou
sing
an
d se
rvic
es fo
r peo
ple
expe
rienc
ing
hom
eles
snes
s;
• Dev
elop
men
t of o
utco
me
indi
cato
rs fo
r tho
se p
rogr
ams t
hat
prov
ide
hous
ing
and
serv
ice
supp
ort f
or p
erso
ns w
ho a
re
hom
eles
s and
hav
e di
sabi
litie
s;
• A p
erio
dic
surv
ey o
f pro
vide
rs a
nd u
sers
of h
omel
ess
serv
ices
that
can
be
used
by
syst
em p
lann
ers t
o id
entif
y th
e se
rvic
e ne
eds o
f hom
eles
s pop
ulat
ions
; and
•
Con
tinuo
us im
prov
emen
t of t
he d
ata
colle
ctio
n su
rvey
s th
at
focu
s on
iden
tifyi
ng p
rofil
es o
f ho
mel
essn
ess
and
linka
ges
to p
rom
isin
g se
rvic
e st
rate
gies
.
Eval
uatio
n
Syst
em-le
vel
eval
uatio
n w
ill b
e an
im
porta
nt c
ompo
nent
of
asse
ssin
g pr
ogre
ss in
ach
ievi
ng th
e go
als
of th
e Te
n-Y
ear P
lan.
To
und
erta
ke th
is, P
lan
goal
s m
ust b
e tra
nsla
ted
into
stra
tegi
c ac
tion
step
s w
ith t
ime
fram
es,
assi
gnm
ents
of
resp
onsi
bilit
y,
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
36
and
asso
ciat
ed c
osts
. Reg
ular
eva
luat
ion
activ
ities
will
rev
iew
pr
ogre
ss
in
achi
evin
g go
als,
com
mun
icat
e re
sults
, an
d re
com
men
d po
ssib
le m
id-c
ours
e co
rrec
tions
and
refin
emen
ts to
Pl
an
assu
mpt
ions
. Ev
alua
tions
of
pr
ogra
m
and
syst
em
perf
orm
ance
mus
t be
cond
ucte
d at
leas
t ann
ually
with
gen
eral
re
sults
com
mun
icat
ed to
the
publ
ic o
n a
regu
lar b
asis
.
As
note
d, a
n im
porta
nt c
ompo
nent
of e
valu
atio
n ac
tiviti
es w
ill
be th
e de
velo
pmen
t of a
n H
MIS
, whi
ch p
rovi
des a
uni
form
and
co
nsis
tent
mea
ns f
or t
rack
ing
of p
rogr
am a
nd c
lient
act
ivity
fr
om a
com
mun
ity-w
ide
pers
pect
ive.
The
HM
IS w
ill b
e us
ed to
co
llect
st
anda
rdiz
ed
data
fr
om
each
ho
mel
ess
assi
stan
ce
prog
ram
, tra
ck p
rogr
ess
in a
chie
ving
pro
gram
-leve
l out
com
es,
and
mon
itor d
ecre
ases
in th
e ex
tent
and
sco
pe o
f hom
eles
snes
s ov
er ti
me.
Adv
ocac
y
Syst
em e
nhan
cem
ents
to
the
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y ho
mel
ess
assi
stan
ce s
yste
m a
lone
are
not
suf
ficie
nt t
o en
d ch
roni
c ho
mel
essn
ess
or d
ram
atic
ally
im
prov
e th
e sy
stem
of
care
. O
ngoi
ng
advo
cacy
w
ith
mai
nstre
am
prov
ider
s is
ne
cess
ary
to
ensu
re
that
pu
blic
ho
usin
g,
men
tal
heal
th
reso
urce
s, su
bsta
nce
abus
e tre
atm
ent,
trans
porta
tion,
em
ploy
men
t, an
d ph
ysic
al h
ealth
res
ourc
es a
re a
cces
sibl
e an
d av
aila
ble
to p
erso
ns a
nd f
amili
es e
xper
ienc
ing
hom
eles
snes
s. D
elib
erat
e an
d pe
rsis
tent
adv
ocac
y ef
forts
at
the
stat
e an
d na
tiona
l le
vels
are
crit
ical
ly i
mpo
rtant
to
assu
re t
he o
ngoi
ng
acce
ssib
ility
of t
arge
ted
and
mai
nstre
am re
sour
ces.
The
Stat
e of
Nor
th C
arol
ina
has
initi
ated
an
effo
rt to
ado
pt a
Ten-
Yea
r Pla
n to
End
Chr
onic
Hom
eles
snes
s. Th
e St
ate’
s Pl
an
cite
s sp
ecifi
c nu
mbe
rs o
f hou
sing
uni
ts a
nd e
nhan
ced
prog
ram
m
odel
s. C
hang
es i
n st
ate
and
fede
ral
polic
y ar
e al
so k
ey
com
pone
nts
of
Nor
th
Car
olin
a’s
stra
tegy
to
en
d ch
roni
c ho
mel
essn
ess.
Adv
ocac
y an
d im
plem
enta
tion
of o
ur T
en-Y
ear
Plan
m
ust
wor
k in
co
njun
ctio
n w
ith
stat
ewid
e ef
forts
to
ad
voca
te fo
r sys
tem
refo
rms.
Aw
aren
ess
To
rai
se a
war
enes
s an
d ga
rner
sup
port
for
the
Ten-
Yea
r Pl
an,
ongo
ing
info
rmat
ion
shar
ing
and
educ
atio
n of
the
gen
eral
pu
blic
, ele
cted
off
icia
ls, f
unde
rs, a
nd e
ven
hom
eles
s as
sist
ance
pr
ovid
ers
is n
eces
sary
. A
pub
lic a
war
enes
s ca
mpa
ign
will
id
entif
y sp
ecifi
c m
essa
ges
that
com
mun
icat
e th
e ca
uses
of
hom
eles
snes
s an
d pr
oven
st
rate
gies
fo
r en
ding
it.
Es
tabl
ishm
ent o
f a S
peak
ers
Bur
eau
incl
udin
g m
embe
rs o
f the
pr
opos
ed T
en-Y
ear
Plan
Com
mis
sion
, fo
rmer
Blu
e R
ibbo
n Ta
sk F
orce
mem
bers
, C
ity s
taff
, cu
rren
t ho
mel
ess
assi
stan
ce
prov
ider
s, an
d fo
rmer
con
sum
ers
of h
omel
ess
serv
ices
will
gr
eatly
adv
ance
this
aw
aren
ess.
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
37
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
38
PAR
T FI
VE: I
MPL
EMEN
TATI
ON
STR
ATE
GIE
S –
HO
W W
E G
ET IT
DO
NE
To o
vers
ee im
plem
enta
tion
of th
e st
rate
gic
initi
ativ
es d
escr
ibed
th
roug
hout
thi
s Pl
an,
a ‘le
ad e
ntity
,’ th
e Te
n-Y
ear
Plan
ning
C
omm
issi
on (
TYPC
) w
ill b
e es
tabl
ishe
d. T
his
Com
mis
sion
w
ill in
clud
e re
pres
enta
tion
from
a w
ide
rang
e of
age
ncie
s an
d pr
ogra
ms
invo
lved
in
en
ding
ho
mel
essn
ess
such
as
lo
cal
gove
rnm
ent,
fund
ers
of s
ervi
ces
and
hous
ing
for t
he h
omel
ess,
the
faith
com
mun
ity, t
he b
usin
ess
com
mun
ity, a
nd m
embe
rs o
f th
e W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
Cou
nty
Cou
ncil
on S
ervi
ces f
or th
e H
omel
ess
Exec
utiv
e B
oard
. The
prim
ary
func
tion
of th
e TY
PC
will
be
to e
ffec
t th
e vi
sion
of
this
Pla
n—en
ding
chr
onic
ho
mel
essn
ess a
nd im
prov
ing
the
syst
em o
f car
e fo
r all.
Gov
erna
nce
and
Acc
ount
abili
ty R
oles
Le
ader
ship
for
hom
eles
s sy
stem
pla
nnin
g an
d m
onito
ring
is
curr
ently
pro
vide
d by
bot
h th
e W
inst
on-S
alem
/For
syth
Cou
nty
Cou
ncil
on S
ervi
ces f
or th
e H
omel
ess a
nd th
e C
ity o
f Win
ston
-Sa
lem
H
ousi
ng/N
eigh
borh
ood
Dev
elop
men
t D
epar
tmen
t. M
embe
rs
of
the
Cou
ncil
incl
ude
repr
esen
tativ
es
from
ap
prox
imat
ely
50
orga
niza
tions
an
d in
divi
dual
s, in
clud
ing
loca
l go
vern
men
t, ho
mel
ess
assi
stan
ce p
rovi
ders
, m
ains
tream
se
rvic
e pr
ovid
ers,
faith
-bas
ed m
inis
tries
, an
d cu
rren
t or
pas
t co
nsum
ers
of
hom
eles
s se
rvic
es.
The
City
H
ousi
ng/N
eigh
borh
ood
Dev
elop
men
t D
epar
tmen
t is
a
sign
ifica
nt fu
nder
of s
ervi
ces a
nd h
ousi
ng fo
r hom
eles
s per
sons
an
d co
ordi
nate
s th
e C
ity o
f W
inst
on-S
alem
’s C
ontin
uum
of
Car
e ap
plic
atio
n pr
opos
al t
o H
UD
eac
h ye
ar.
Whi
le t
his
gove
rnan
ce s
truct
ure
and
staf
fing
has
been
ade
quat
e fo
r th
e pl
anni
ng a
ctiv
ities
con
duct
ed i
n th
e ar
ea t
o da
te,
incl
udin
g sh
ephe
rdin
g de
velo
pmen
t of t
he T
en-Y
ear P
lan,
it is
not
suf
fi-ci
ent
for
unde
rtaki
ng a
tas
k of
the
mag
nitu
de o
f im
ple-
men
tatio
n of
the
Ten-
Yea
r Pla
n.
Ach
ieve
men
t of
the
Pla
n’s
goal
s w
ill b
e be
st a
ccom
plis
hed
thro
ugh
crea
tion
of th
e TY
PC, w
hose
sol
e re
spon
sibi
lity
is to
ef
fect
an
d m
onito
r im
plem
enta
tion
of
the
Plan
. Th
is
inde
pend
ent
Com
mis
sion
w
ill
empl
oy
the
reso
urce
s of
pr
ofes
sion
al s
taff
to
man
age
the
trans
ition
pro
cess
fro
m t
he
curr
ent
gove
rnan
ce c
onfig
urat
ion
to t
he n
ew T
YPC
stru
ctur
e.
Staf
f re
sour
ces
may
be
borr
owed
fro
m c
urre
nt p
lann
ing
and
fund
ing
orga
niza
tions
. Ini
tial s
taff
ing
for t
he T
YPC
dur
ing
the
trans
ition
may
inc
lude
tim
e-lim
ited
cons
ulta
nts
or f
ull
time
empl
oyee
s, de
pend
ing
on th
e tim
ing,
fun
ding
ava
ilabi
lity,
and
sc
ope
of w
ork.
The
curr
ent C
ounc
il on
Ser
vice
s fo
r the
Hom
eles
s is
ext
rem
ely
effe
ctiv
e as
a
regu
lar
info
rmat
ion
shar
ing
and
advo
cacy
or
gani
zatio
n. T
his
impo
rtant
wor
k of
the
Cou
ncil
will
con
tinue
an
d ev
olve
to
supp
ort
the
wor
k of
the
new
TY
PC t
hrou
gh
enha
nced
serv
ice
coor
dina
tion
and
plan
ning
initi
ativ
es.
Var
ious
st
andi
ng
TYPC
St
rate
gy
Com
mitt
ees
will
be
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
39
esta
blis
hed
to i
nfor
m i
ts w
ork,
sup
port
its r
ecom
men
da-
tions
, an
d pr
ovid
e an
im
porta
nt l
inka
ge t
o co
mm
unity
-ba
sed
neig
hbor
hood
gro
ups,
com
mun
ity o
rgan
izat
ions
, and
ci
vic
grou
ps f
or t
he p
urpo
se o
f pr
omot
ing
plan
prio
ritie
s an
d le
vera
ging
su
ppor
t fo
r Pl
an
activ
ities
. A
dditi
onal
TY
PC S
trate
gy C
omm
ittee
s m
ay b
e fo
rmed
on
an a
d ho
c ba
sis
to r
evie
w t
he o
ngoi
ng n
eeds
and
cha
ract
eris
tics
of
spec
ific
sub-
popu
latio
ns
with
in
the
gene
ral
hom
eles
s po
pula
tion,
suc
h as
per
sons
with
chr
onic
dis
abili
ties,
fam
-ili
es, y
outh
, and
surv
ivor
s of d
omes
tic v
iole
nce.
Th
e im
med
iate
func
tions
of t
he T
YPC
will
incl
ude
the
follo
win
g:
• Im
plem
ent a
TYP
Tra
nsiti
on T
eam
mad
e up
of a
wid
e va
riety
of p
oten
tial s
take
hold
ers.
The
Tran
sitio
n Te
am w
ill
focu
s on
shor
t-ter
m a
ctio
n st
eps (
with
in th
e ne
xt 6
mon
ths
to 1
yea
r) to
supp
ort P
lan
stra
tegi
es.
• Ide
ntify
and
sec
ure
reso
urce
s to
supp
ort t
he
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
Plan
. • C
reat
e pe
rman
ent s
uppo
rtiv
e ho
usin
g fo
r ind
ivid
uals
an
d fa
mili
es th
at e
xper
ienc
e ho
mel
essn
ess
for
long
per
iods
of
tim
e an
d st
rugg
le w
ith d
isab
ilitie
s su
ch a
s m
enta
l illn
ess,
subs
tanc
e ab
use
and
addi
ctio
n, p
hysi
cal
disa
bilit
ies,
and
deve
lopm
enta
l dis
abili
ties.
•
Tran
sitio
n th
e cu
rren
t sh
elte
r-ba
sed
syst
em t
o a
Hou
sing
Fi
rst
philo
soph
y th
at
prom
otes
a
clie
nt-
cent
ered
app
roac
h to
eng
agem
ent,
serv
ice
deliv
ery,
and
rapi
d ho
usin
g pl
acem
ent.
Enha
ncem
ent
of s
helte
r se
rvic
es
and
deve
lopm
ent
of h
omel
essn
ess
prev
entio
n an
d sh
elte
r di
vers
ion
stra
tegi
es.
• D
evel
op e
xter
nal
infr
astr
uctu
re s
uppo
rts
such
as
the
Hou
sing
Firs
t Res
ourc
e C
ente
r, em
ploy
men
t ass
ista
nce
and
train
ing,
leg
al c
ouns
elin
g, a
nd t
reat
men
t fo
r m
enta
l ill
ness
and
add
ictio
ns.
Alth
ough
the
Pla
n re
cogn
izes
the
ne
cess
ity t
o im
prov
e ho
usin
g an
d se
rvic
es f
or h
omel
ess
pers
ons,
it al
so
emph
asiz
es
the
impr
ovem
ent
core
in
fras
truct
ure
serv
ices
and
res
ourc
es t
hat
enab
le p
erso
ns
who
are
hom
eles
s to
fin
d w
ork,
inc
reas
e in
com
e, m
anag
e de
bt, r
esol
ve le
gal p
robl
ems,
and
treat
dis
abili
ties.
Figu
re 5
.1,
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
Impl
emen
tatio
n St
ruct
ure,
iden
tifie
s the
maj
or e
ntiti
es in
volv
ed
in im
plem
enta
tion
of P
lan
stra
tegi
es, g
raph
ical
ly il
lust
rate
s th
e re
latio
nshi
p be
twee
n th
ese
grou
ps in
term
s of
mem
bers
hip
and
lines
of
co
mm
unic
atio
n,
and
delin
eate
s ro
les
and
resp
onsi
bilit
ies
for
all
com
mun
ity m
embe
rs i
n en
actin
g Pl
an
stra
tegi
es.
The
imm
edia
te a
ctio
n st
eps
iden
tifie
d in
thi
s Pl
an m
ust
be
man
aged
by
an Im
plem
enta
tion
Tran
sitio
n Te
am c
ompr
ised
of
prov
ider
s, Ta
sk
Forc
e m
embe
rs,
com
mun
ity
mem
bers
, fu
nder
s, an
d pu
blic
off
icia
ls. T
able
5.1
lis
ts a
ctiv
ities
, tim
e fr
ames
, an
d co
sts
for
the
next
tw
o ye
ars
of
Plan
im
plem
enta
tion.
Sou
rces
for c
ost e
stim
ates
and
mor
e de
tail
by
line
item
are
incl
uded
in th
e Te
n-Y
ear
Pla
n M
etho
dolo
gy.
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
40
Figu
re 5
.1 –
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar
Plan
Impl
emen
tatio
n St
ruct
ure
Tabl
e 5.
1 lis
ts th
e es
timat
ed a
nnua
l cos
ts th
at w
ill b
e re
quire
d to
exp
and
the
supp
ly o
f pe
rman
ent
supp
ortiv
e ho
usin
g an
d im
prov
e th
e sy
stem
of
ca
re
for
othe
rs
expe
rienc
ing
hom
eles
snes
s. A
s on
e of
its
prim
ary
func
tions
, the
TY
PC w
ill
need
to id
entif
y an
d se
cure
com
mitm
ents
for
res
ourc
es f
rom
a
rang
e of
fede
ral,
stat
e an
d lo
cal s
ourc
es to
impl
emen
t the
Ten
-Y
ear P
lan.
“R
esou
rces
” in
clud
e no
t onl
y fin
anci
al s
uppo
rt, b
ut
also
qua
lifie
d st
aff,
site
s fo
r ho
usin
g an
d pr
ogra
m a
ctiv
ities
, an
d ot
her i
nfra
stru
ctur
e el
emen
ts. T
he fi
nal f
igur
e lis
ted
in th
e ta
ble
repr
esen
ts th
e to
tal l
evel
of a
dditi
onal
inve
stm
ent t
hat w
ill
be re
quire
d at
full
impl
emen
tatio
n of
the
Plan
. The
ava
ilabi
lity
of th
ese
reso
urce
s w
ill a
ffec
t the
pac
e of
impl
emen
tatio
n, a
nd
conv
erse
ly t
he d
esire
d pa
ce w
ill a
ffec
t re
sour
ce d
evel
opm
ent
targ
ets.
The
TYPC
w
ill
also
ne
ed
to
prio
ritiz
e th
e pl
an
stra
tegi
es t
hat
are
of g
reat
est
impo
rtanc
e an
d w
ill n
eed
to
esta
blis
h a
mec
hani
sm
to
allo
cate
re
sour
ces
acco
rdin
gly
thro
ugho
ut p
lan
impl
emen
tatio
n.
The
prim
ary
stra
tegi
es f
or s
ecur
ing
reso
urce
com
mitm
ents
fr
om f
eder
al,
stat
e an
d lo
cal
sour
ces
incl
ude:
adv
ocat
ing
for
addi
tiona
l de
dica
ted
fede
ral,
stat
e an
d lo
cal
reso
urce
s;
capt
urin
g so
me
of th
e co
st s
avin
gs re
aliz
ed b
y ot
her s
yste
ms
as
a re
sult
of
endi
ng
chro
nic
hom
eles
snes
s w
ith
perm
anen
t su
ppor
tive
hous
ing;
dev
elop
ing
form
al l
inka
ge a
gree
men
ts
with
m
ains
tream
sy
stem
s to
pr
ovid
e th
e se
rvic
es
and/
or
hous
ing
spec
ified
in th
e Pl
an; l
ever
agin
g ag
ency
pla
ns th
at a
re
alre
ady
unde
rway
to
achi
eve
the
goal
s se
t fo
rth i
n th
e pl
an;
nego
tiatin
g be
low
mar
ket
rate
ren
ts w
ith a
rea
land
lord
s an
d ot
her
cost
ef
ficie
ncie
s;
rede
sign
ing
how
cu
rren
t pr
ogra
ms
oper
ate
and/
or r
epro
gram
min
g so
me
fund
s th
at a
re c
urre
ntly
us
ed to
fund
shel
ter-
base
d se
rvic
es; a
nd c
ondu
ctin
g a
Ten-
Yea
r
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
41
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
42
Plan
cam
paig
n to
sec
ure
addi
tiona
l lo
cal
gove
rnm
ent
fund
s, fo
unda
tion
gran
ts a
nd in
divi
dual
con
tribu
tions
.
Get
ting
it D
one
As
docu
men
ted
in t
his
Plan
, em
erge
ncy
shel
ter
alon
e ca
nnot
en
d ch
roni
c ho
mel
essn
ess.
An
adeq
uate
sup
ply
of p
erm
anen
t, af
ford
able
hou
sing
and
com
mun
ity s
uppo
rts a
re c
ritic
al t
o br
eaki
ng th
e cy
cle
of h
omel
essn
ess
and
assi
stin
g th
ose
who
are
ch
roni
cally
hom
eles
s to
ach
ieve
hou
sing
sta
bilit
y an
d pr
ogre
ss
tow
ard
self-
suff
icie
ncy.
Thi
s Pl
an re
cogn
izes
that
it is
goi
ng to
ta
ke
the
time,
re
sour
ces,
and
sust
aine
d ef
fort
of
man
y or
gani
zatio
ns a
nd i
ndiv
idua
ls t
o re
ach
this
goa
l. Th
e pr
oces
s, ho
wev
er,
has
alre
ady
begu
n.
We
mus
t su
ppor
t th
e or
gani
zatio
ns t
hat
are
alre
ady
wor
king
on
proj
ects
tha
t ar
e co
nsis
tent
with
our
vis
ion
for
the
futu
re. W
hen
occu
pied
, we
mus
t cel
ebra
te th
ese
proj
ects
as e
arly
ach
ieve
men
ts to
war
ds th
e Pl
an’s
goa
ls.
And
we
mus
t tra
ck t
he o
utco
mes
of
thes
e pr
ogra
ms,
and
use
them
to
leve
rage
add
ition
al i
nves
tmen
t in
ou
r Pl
an. T
hese
ind
ivid
ual
prog
ram
cha
nges
can
hel
p fu
rther
th
e sh
ared
vis
ion
of o
ur c
omm
unity
—th
e en
d of
chr
onic
ho
mel
essn
ess
in W
inst
on-S
alem
by
2015
and
the
initi
atio
n of
ot
her
syst
em i
mpr
ovem
ents
tha
t w
ill p
ositi
on u
s to
aim
eve
n hi
gher
in th
e de
cade
s th
at f
ollo
w. H
owev
er, m
uch
mor
e w
ork
will
be
requ
ired
over
the
next
ten
year
s. Th
e B
lue
Rib
bon
Task
Fo
rce
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
has
prov
ided
the
road
map
to
gui
de th
is im
porta
nt e
ffor
t. W
ith th
is P
lan
and
our c
olle
ctiv
e w
ill, t
oget
her,
we
can
end
chro
nic
hom
eles
snes
s.
For M
ore
Info
rmat
ion
For
mor
e in
form
atio
n on
the
Ten
-Yea
r Pl
an t
o En
d C
hron
ic
Hom
eles
snes
s, pl
ease
con
tact
:
Hou
sing
/Nei
ghbo
rhoo
d D
evel
opm
ent D
epar
tmen
t C
ity o
f Win
ston
-Sal
em
P.O
. Box
251
1 W
inst
on-S
alem
, NC
271
02
(336
) 727
-859
7 (3
36) 7
27-2
878
fax
Emai
l: C
onta
ct T
im W
est a
t tim
w@
city
ofw
s.org
Ten-
Yea
r Pla
n m
ater
ials
may
be
foun
d at
: w
ww
.city
ofw
s.or
g/ho
usin
gnei
ghbo
rhoo
ddev
/hom
eles
snes
s/ho
mel
essn
ess.
htm
l
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
43
Not
es:
1 Nor
th C
arol
ina
Low
Inco
me
Hou
sing
Coa
litio
n. w
ww
.nch
ousi
ng.o
rg.
2 Nat
iona
l Coa
litio
n fo
r the
Hom
eles
s “W
elfa
re to
Wha
t II,”
200
1.
Avai
labl
e at
ww
w.n
atio
nalh
omel
ess.o
rg
3 Nor
th C
arol
ina
Just
ice
and
Com
mun
ity D
evel
opm
ent,
“Wor
king
Har
d is
St
ill N
ot E
noug
h,”
ww
w.n
cjus
tice.
org.
4 U
S C
ensu
s Bur
eau
2003
Est
imat
es
5 Stew
art B
. McK
inne
y H
omel
ess A
ssis
tanc
e Ac
t, 19
87.
6 NSH
APC
, 199
7. w
ww
.hud
user
.org
/pub
licat
ions
/hom
eles
s.htm
l 7 M
arth
a Bu
rt, C
arol
Wilk
ins,
Est
imat
ing
the
Nee
d, C
orpo
ratio
n fo
r Su
ppor
tive
Hou
sing
, 200
5. w
ww
.csh
.org
8 Se
e Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
Met
hodo
logy
for a
des
crip
tion
of th
e en
umer
atio
n pr
oces
s and
met
hodo
logy
for e
stab
lishi
ng th
e an
nual
pre
vale
nce
estim
ates
. 9 Ba
umoh
l, Ji
m, e
d. 1
996.
Hom
eles
snes
s in
Amer
ica.
Pho
enix
: The
Ory
x Pr
ess.
10
Tsem
beri
s, S.
& E
isen
berg
, R.F
. (20
00).
Path
way
s to
Hou
sing
: Sup
port
ed
hous
ing
for s
tree
t-dw
ellin
g ho
mel
ess i
ndiv
idua
ls w
ith p
sych
iatr
ic
disa
bilit
ies.
Psyc
hiat
ric
Serv
ices
, 51(
4), 4
87-4
93.
11Pe
rson
al c
omm
unic
atio
n w
ith S
. Tse
mbe
ris,
Exec
utiv
e D
irec
tor o
f Pa
thw
ays t
o H
ousi
ng, I
nc. (
3/05
) 12
Cul
hane
, D.,
Met
raux
, S. &
Had
ley,
T. (
2001
). Th
e im
pact
of s
uppo
rtiv
e ho
usin
g fo
r hom
eles
s peo
ple
with
seve
re m
enta
l illn
ess o
n th
e ut
iliza
tion
of
the
publ
ic h
ealth
, cor
rect
ions
, and
em
erge
ncy
shel
ter s
yste
ms:
The
New
Yo
rk-N
ew Y
ork
initi
ativ
e. W
ashi
ngto
n, D
C: F
anni
e M
ae F
ound
atio
n.
13Ra
ffert
y, Y
. & S
hinn
, M. (
1991
) The
impa
ct o
f hom
eles
snes
s on
child
ren.
Am
eric
an P
sych
olog
ist,
46(1
1), 1
170-
1179
. 14
Lam
, J. &
Ros
enhe
ck, R
. (19
99).
Stre
et o
utre
ach
for h
omel
ess p
erso
ns
with
seri
ous m
enta
l illn
ess.
Med
ical
Car
e, 3
7(9)
, 894
-907
. 15
Mill
er, W
.R. &
Rol
lnic
k, S
. (20
02).
Mot
ivat
iona
l int
ervi
ewin
g: P
repa
ring
pe
ople
for c
hang
e. J
ourn
al o
f Stu
dies
on
Alco
hol,
63(6
), 77
6-77
7.
16C
ulha
ne, D
. (20
01).
see
abov
e.
17Ts
embe
ris,
S. &
Eis
enbe
rg, R
.F. (
2000
). Pa
thw
ays t
o H
ousi
ng: S
uppo
rted
ho
usin
g fo
r str
eet-d
wel
ling
hom
eles
s ind
ivid
uals
with
psy
chia
tric
di
sabi
litie
s. Ps
ychi
atri
c Se
rvic
es, 5
1(4)
, 487
-493
.
Win
ston
-Sal
em/F
orsy
th C
ount
y Te
n-Ye
ar P
lan
to E
nd C
hron
ic H
omel
essn
ess
Page
44