telugumodel work book

Telugu Alphabet

Telugu Learning Kit

Workbook for Module 1

C P Brown AcademyThe Alpha Foundation

Hyderabad

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Telugu Alphabet Learning Kit Workbook for Module-1

Transliterator: G Ramesh Babu

Managing Editor: GRK Murty

Consulting Editor: SS Prabhakar Rao

Editorial Support:

C Rama Devi, Y AnandT Rajendra Prasad

Chief Visualizer: A Bangaru Babu

Visualizer: S Ganesh

Illustrations: B Anjaneyulu

@ 2008 C.P. Brown Academy. All Rights Reserved.

Although every care has been taken to avoid errors and omissions, this publication is being sold onthe condition and understanding that the information given in this book is merely for reference andmust not be taken as having authority of or binding in any way on the authors, editor, publisher orsellers.

Neither this book nor any part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming and recording or by any informationstorage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the copyright holder.

Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and areused only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.

Only the publishers can export this book from India. Infringement of this condition of sale will lead tocivil and criminal prosecution.

First Edition: 2008

Printed in India

Published by

C P Brown Academy8, Dwarakapuri Colony, PunjaguttaHyderabad - 500 082, India.Website: www.alphacharities.org

Printed at:M/s. ICIT Software Centre Private Ltd.1, Technocrat Industrial EstateBalanagar Cross RoadsHyderabad-500 037, India.


Foreword

The Module-1, “Telugu Varnamala”, is intended to help the Teluguspeakers, who cannot read/write Telugu, to pick up a reasonable level oflinguistic competence, through Roman script. The symbols used in thisbook are intended to facilitate the transliteration template of the vowels,consonants, gunintamulu and the vowel-consonant clusters, i.e., vottulu.

The relationship of the Roman character with the Telugu letter and itspronunciation have been clearly explained with examples to aid phonetics.For instance, the symbol ‘a’ stands for the Telugu letter ‘’ that soundslike ‘o’ as in the word ‘come’. Let us take another example. The symbol‘c’ stands for the Telugu letter ‘’ that sounds like ‘ch’ as in the word‘church’. The Module-1 is thus quite self-explanatory and is certain tohelp those who desire to learn Telugu through the medium of English.The workbook provided along with it is scientifically designed for practiceto help the learners pickup reading and writing of Telugu, satisfactorily.

We know that some of the alphabet and their sounds are difficult topronounce and quite a few are not in popular use. They do not even matterin the acquisition of linguistic skills. However, we have included all theTelugu letters irrespective of their usage in order to introduce them all tothe learners.

Enjoy!

SS Prabhakar Rao

.-

.


Vowels (: Acculu)

TELUGU ALPHABET

*a

come

–

far

i i

bit feel

u

wood

u

cool

ru

rusi root

.

.lu

–a

– ru.–

.lu– e e–

get stake mite

ai

oatrotate out

halfsome

oo au

am ah

–

..

look loop

* ‘a’ stands for ‘’ and sounds like ‘o’ as in ‘come’. The same pattern applies to all other vowels.

..

4


Consonants (: Hallulu)36 Characters

*k

silk

kh

khaki

g

go

gh

ghost

n

prajna

c

church

ch

witch

j

jug

t

take

th

nilakantha

d

bird

dh

asadha

n

prana

t

tabala

th

thumb

d

though

dh

dhoti

n

nature

- .

.

. . . . .

. . .- - .

-

* ‘k’ stands for ‘’ and sounds like ‘k’ as in ‘silk’. The same pattern applies to all other consonants.

.c

.capa .j

.jabili

- -

jh

jhansi

n

sanjna

~

~-

- - .

5


y

young

r

rust

l

lump

l

kalimata

v

levy

s

sastry

s

ship

s

sun

h

home

ksh

raksha

r

error

- --.

.

.

.

p

cup

ph

phone

b

bat

bh

bharat

m

month

-

Semi-Vowels or Semi-Consonants

Ubhayaksharalu)

= Sunna)= Arasunna)=Visarga)

Note: Five Telugu characters are not in general use.

They are

– –

6

.lu .lu- .c .j ru-.

´

´


a

come far

a–

i

bit feel

i–

wood

u

How to write Vowels?

u–

cool

ru.

rusi

root

ru

.

.–

.

7


e

get

ai

mite

e

stake

-

o

rotate

o

oat

- au

out

some

am

half

ah.

.

8


k

silk

kh

khaki

gh

ghost

g

go

n

prajna

.

c

church

ch

witch

j

jug

jh

jhansi

sanjna

n~

How to write Consonants?

.

–

–

~

9


t

take

th

nilakantha

. .

d

bird

. dh

asadha

n

prana

.

–

t

tabala

th

thumb

d

though

dh

dhoti

n

nature

.

. .

.

–

–

–.

–

10


p

cup

ph

phone

b

bat

bh

bharat

m

month

young

y r

rust

l

lump

l

kalimata

.

–

v

levy

s

sastry

–.

–

–

11

´

´


s

s

sun

h

home

ksh

raksha

r

error

ship

.

.

12


How to write Vowels?For practice

i

a

–a

i–

13


–e

e

ru.

–u

u

–ru.

14


ai

o

o–

au

am.

ah.

15


How to write Consonants?For practice

kh

g

k

gh

n.

16


c

ch

j

jh

n~

17


t.

th.

d.

dh.

n.

18


t

d

dh

n

19

th


p

ph

b

bh

m

20


y

r

l

.l

v

21


s

s.

s

h

ksh

r.

22

´


Exercise 1: Identify the Vowels

23


Exercise 2: Identify the Consonants

24


Exercise 3: Differentiate the Letters

o au

o b

n j

n i

j o

jh gh

dh th

n n

l l

r r

r th

s s

~

25

´


s s

u i

am ah

m y

ph bh

l t

kh bh

p e

k ksh

th th

e e

e ai26

´


Symbols of GunintamuluTelugu Letter Roman Character Symbol How to write Symbol For practice

a

a

i

i

u

u

ru

ru

e

e

ai

o

o

au

am

ah

.

.

.

.

–

–

–

–

.

–

.

–

27


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ka-Gunintamu)

.

Consonant + Vowel = Composite Letter For practice

.

ka

ka

ki

ki

ku

ku

kru

kru

ke

ke

kai

ko

ko

kau

kam

kah

.

–

–

–

.

.

–.

–

–

28


For practice ka Gunintamu ()

.

29


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (kha-Gunintamu)

.


.

kha

kha

khi

khi

khu

khu

khru

khru

khe

khe

khai

kho

kho

khau

kham

khah

–

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

.–

30


For practice: kha Gunintamu ()

.

31


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ga-Gunintamu)

.


.

ga

ga

gi

gi

gu

gu

gru

gru

ge

ge

gai

go

go

gau

gam

gah

.

–

–.

–

–

–

.

.

–

32


For practice: ga Gunintamu ()

.

33


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (gha-Gunintamu)

.


.

gha

gha

ghi

ghi

ghu

ghu

ghru

ghru

ghe

ghe

ghai

gho

gho

ghau

gham

ghah

.

–

–

.

–

–

–

.

.

–

34


For practice: gha Gunintamu ()

.

35


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ca-Gunintamu)

.


.

ca

ca

ci

ci

cu

cu

cru

cru

ce

ce

cai

co

co

cau

cam

cah

–

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

.

–

36


For practice: ca Gunintamu ()

.

37


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (cha-Gunintamu)

.


.

cha

cha

chi

chi

chu

chu

chru

chru

che

che

chai

cho

cho

chau

cham

chah.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.

–

38


For practice: cha Gunintamu ()

.

39


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ja-Gunintamu)

.


.

ja

ja

ji

ji

ju

ju

jru

jru

je

je

jai

jo

jo

jau

jam

jah.

–

–

–

–

–.

.

–

.

40


For practice: ja Gunintamu ()

.

41


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (jha-Gunintamu)

.


.

jha

jha

jhi

jhi

jhu

jhu

jhru

jhru

jhe

jhe

jhai

jho

jho

jhau

jham

jhah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

42


For practice: jha Gunintamu ().

~¡-

43


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ta-Gunintamu)

.


. .

ta

ta

ti

ti

tu

tu

tru

tru

te

te

tai

to

to

tau

tam

tah

.

–

–.

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

44


For practice: ta Gunintamu ()

..

45


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (tha-Gunintamu)

.


. .

tha

tha

thi

thi

thu

thu

thru

thru

the

the

thai

tho

tho

thau

tham

thah

.

–

–

.

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.46


For practice tha Gunintamu ()

..

47


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (da-Gunintamu)

.


. .

da

da

di

di

du

du

dru

dru

de

de

dai

do

do

dau

dam

dah

.

–

–.

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.48


For practice: da Gunintamu ()

..

49


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (dha-Gunintamu)

.


. .

dha

dha

dhi

dhi

dhu

dhu

dhru

dhru

dhe

dhe

dhai

dho

dho

dhau

dham

dhah

.

–

–

.

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.50


For practice: dha Gunintamu ()

..

51


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (na-Gunintamu)

.


. .

na

na

ni

ni

nu

nu

nru

nru

ne

ne

nai

no

no

nau

nam

nah

.

–

–.

–

–

–

.

.

–

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

52


For practice: na Gunintamu ()

..

53


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ta-Gunintamu)

.


.

ta

ta

ti

ti

tu

tu

tru

tru

te

te

tai

to

to

tau

tam

tah

.

–

–

.

–

–

–

.

.

–

54


For practice: ta Gunintamu ()

.

55


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (tha-Gunintamu)

.


.

tha

tha

thi

thi

thu

thu

thru

thru

the

the

thai

tho

tho

thau

tham

thah.

–

–

–

–

–.

.

–

.

56


For practice: tha Gunintamu ()

.

57


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (da-Gunintamu)

.


.

da

da

di

di

du

du

dru

dru

de

de

dai

do

do

dau

dam

dah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

58


For practice: da Gunintamu ()

.

59


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (dha-Gunintamu)

.


.

dha

dha

dhi

dhi

dhu

dhu

dhru

dhru

dhe

dhe

dhai

dho

dho

dhau

dham

dhah.

–

–

–

–

–.

.

–

.

60


For practice: dha Gunintamu ()

.

61


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (na-Gunintamu)

.


.

na

na

ni

ni

nu

nu

nru

nru

ne

ne

nai

no

no

nau

nam

nah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

62


For practice: na Gunintamu ()

.

63


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (pa-Gunintamu)

.


.

pa

pa

pi

pi

pu

pu

pru

pru

pe

pe

pai

po

po

pau

pam

pah.

–

–

–

–

–.

.

–

.

64


For practice: pa Gunintamu ( )

.

65


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (pha-Gunintamu)

.


.

pha

pha

phi

phi

phu

phu

phru

phru

phe

phe

phai

pho

pho

phau

pham

phah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

66


For practice: pha Gunintamu ()

.

67


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ba-Gunintamu)

.


.

ba

ba

bi

bi

bu

bu

bru

bru

be

be

bai

bo

bo

bau

bam

bah.

–

–

–

–

–.

.

–

.

68


For practice: ba Gunintamu ()

.

69


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (bha-Gunintamu)

.


.

bha

bha

bhi

bhi

bhu

bhu

bhru

bhru

bhe

bhe

bhai

bho

bho

bhau

bham

bhah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

70


For practice: bha Gunintamu ()

.

71


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ma-Gunintamu)

.


.

ma

ma

mi

mi

mu

mu

mru

mru

me

me

mai

mo

mo

mau

mam

mah.

–

–

–

–

–.

.

–

.

72


For practice: ma Gunintamu ()

.

73


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ya-Gunintamu)

.


.

ya

ya

yi

yi

yu

yu

yru

yru

ye

ye

yai

yo

yo

yau

yam

yah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

74


For practice: ya Gunintamu ()

.

75


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ra-Gunintamu)

.


.

ra

ra

ri

ri

ru

ru

rru

rru

re

re

rai

ro

ro

rau

ram

rah.

–

–

–

–

–.

.

–

.

76


For practice: ra Gunintamu ()

.

77


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (la-Gunintamu)

.


.

78

la

la

li

li

lu

lu

lru

lru

le

le

lai

lo

lo

lau

lam

lah.

–

–

–

–

–.

.

–

.


79

For practice: la Gunintamu ()

.


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (la-Gunintamu)

.


.

80

la

la

li

li

lu

lu

lru

lru

le

le

lai

lo

lo

lau

lam

lah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.


81

For practice: la Gunintamu ()

..


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (va-Gunintamu)

.


.

va

va

vi

vi

vu

vu

vru

vru

ve

ve

vai

vo

vo

vau

vam

vah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

82


For practice: va Gunintamu ()

.

83


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (sa-Gunintamu)

.


.

sa

sa

si

si

su

su

sru

sru

se

se

sai

so

so

sau

sam

sah.

–

–

–

–

–.

.

–

.

´

´

84

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´


For practice: sa Gunintamu ()

.

85

´


(Gunintamulu)


.


. .

sa

sa

si

si

su

su

sru

sru

se

se

sai

so

so

sau

sam

sah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.86


For practice: sa Gunintamu ()

..

87


(Gunintamulu)


.


.

sa

sa

si

si

su

su

sru

sru

se

se

sai

so

so

sau

sam

sah.

–

–

–

–

–.

.

–

.

88


For practice: sa Gunintamu ( )

.

89


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ha-Gunintamu)

.


.

ha

ha

hi

hi

hu

hu

hru

hru

he

he

hai

ho

ho

hau

ham

hah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

90


For practice: ha Gunintamu ()

.

91


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ksha-Gunintamu)

.


.

ksha

ksha

kshi

kshi

kshu

kshu

kshru

kshru

kshe

kshe

kshai

ksho

ksho

kshau

ksham

kshah.

–

–

–

–

–.

.

–

.

92


For practice: ksha Gunintamu ()

.

93


(Gunintamulu)

Consonants + Vowels (Hallulu + Acculu) (ra-Gunintamu)

.


. .

ra

ra

ri

ri

ru

ru

rru

rru

re

re

rai

ro

ro

rau

ram

rah

.

–

–

–

–

–

.

.

.–

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.94


For practice: ra Gunintamu ( )

..

95


96

Symbols of Vottulukh

g

gh

n

c

ch

j

jh

n

t

th

d

dh

n

t

th

d

dh

n

p

ph

b

bh

m

y

r

l

l

v

s

s

s

h

ksha

ra

k.

~

..

. .

.

. .

.

´


VOTTULU for "k" consonantFor Practice

.

kka

kkha

kga

kgha

kca

kcha

kja

kjha

kta

ktha

kda

kdha

kna

kta

ktha

kda

.

.

.

.

.

.

kdha

kna

kpa

kpha

kba

kbha

kma

kya

kra

kla

kla

kva

ksa

ksa

ksa

kha

97

´


VOTTULU for "kha" consonantFor Practice

khka

khkha

khga

khgha

khca

khcha

khja

khjha

khta

khtha

khda

khdha

khna

khta

khtha

khda

.

.

.

.

.

khdha

khna

khpa

khpha

khba

khbha

khma

khya

khra

khla

khla

khva

khsa

khsa

khsa

khha

.

.

98

´


VOTTULU for "ga" consonant For Practice

gka

gkha

gga

ggha

gca

gcha

gja

gjha

gta

gtha

gda

gdha

gna

gta

gtha

gda

.

.

gdha

gna

gpa

gpha

gba

gbha

gma

gya

gra

gla

gla

gva

gsa

gsa

gsa

gha

.

.

.

.

.

99

´


VOTTULU for "gha" consonantFor Practice

ghka

ghkha

ghga

ghgha

ghca

ghcha

ghja

ghjha

ghta

ghtha

ghda

ghdha

ghna

ghta

ghtha

ghda

.

.

.

.

.

ghdha

ghna

ghpa

ghpha

ghba

ghbha

ghma

ghya

ghra

ghla

ghla

ghva

ghsa

ghsa

ghsa

ghha

.

.

100

´


VOTTULU for "ca" consonant

For Practice

cka

ckha

cga

cgha

cca

ccha

cja

chja

cta

ctha

cda

cdha

chna

cta

ctha

cda

.

.

.

.

.

cdha

cna

cpa

cpha

cba

cbha

cma

cya

cra

cla

cla

cva

csa

csa

csa

cha

.

.

101

´


VOTTULU for "cha" consonantFor Practice

chka

chkha

chga

chgha

chca

chcha

chja

chjha

chta

chtha

chda

chdha

chna

chta

chtha

chda

.

.

.

.

.

chdha

chna

chpa

chpha

chba

chbha

chma

chya

chra

chla

chla

chva

chsa

chsa

chsa

chha

.

.

102

´


VOTTULU for "ja" consonant

For Practice

jka

jkha

jga

jgha

jca

jcha

jja

jjha

jta

jtha

jda

jdha

jna

jta

jtha

jda

.

.

.

.

.

jdha

jna

jpa

jpha

jba

jbha

jma

jya

jra

jla

jla

jva

jsa

jsa

jsa

jha

.

.

103

´


VOTTULU for "jha" consonantFor Practice

jhka

jhkha

jhga

jhgha

jhca

jhcha

jhja

jhjha

jhta

jhtha

jhda

jhdha

jhna

jhta

jhtha

jhda

.

.

.

.

.

jhdha

jhna

jhpa

jhpha

jhba

jhbha

jhma

jhya

jhra

jhla

jhla

jhva

jhsa

jhsa

jhsa

jhha

.

.

104

´


VOTTULU for "ta" consonant

For Practice

.

tka

tkha

tga

tgha

tca

tcha

tja

tjha

tta

ttha

tda

tdha

tna

tta

ttha

tda

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

..

..

.

.

.

.

.

tdha

tna

tpa

tpha

tba

tbha

tma

tya

tra

tla

tla

tva

tsa

tsa

tsa

tha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.105

´


VOTTULU for "tha" consonant

For Practice

.

thka

thkha

thga

thgha

thca

thcha

thja

thjha

thta

ththa

thda

thdha

thna

thta

ththa

thda

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

. .

.

.

.

.

.

.

thdha

thna

thpa

thpha

thba

thbha

thma

thya

thra

thla

thla

thva

thsa

thsa

thsa

thha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

106

´


VOTTULU for "da" consonant

For Practice

.

dka

dkha

dga

dgha

dca

dcha

dja

djha

dta

dtha

dda

ddha

dna

dta

dtha

dda

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

..

..

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

ddha

dna

dpa

dpha

dba

dbha

dma

dya

dra

dla

dla

dva

dsa

dsa

dsa

dha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.107

´


VOTTULU for "dha" consonant

For Practice

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

..

..

.

.

.

dhka

dhkha

dhga

dhgha

dhca

dhcha

dhja

dhjha

dhta

dhtha

dhda

dhdha

dhna

dhta

dhtha

dhda

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

dhdha

dhna

dhpa

dhpha

dhba

dhbha

dhma

dhya

dhra

dhla

dhla

dhva

dhsa

dhsa

dhsa

dhha.108

´


VOTTULU for "ta" consonant

For Practice

.

tka

tkha

tga

tgha

tca

tcha

tja

tjha

tta

ttha

tda

tdha

tna

tta

ttha

tda

.

.

.

.

tdha

tna

tpa

tpha

tba

tbha

tma

tya

tra

tla

tla

tva

tsa

tsa

tsa

tha

.

.

109

´


VOTTULU for "tha" consonant

For Practice

.

thka

thkha

thga

thgha

thca

thcha

thja

thjha

thta

ththa

thda

thdha

thna

thta

ththa

thda

.

.

.

.

thdha

thna

thpa

thpha

thba

thbha

thma

thya

thra

thla

thla

thva

thsa

thsa

thsa

thha

.

.

110

´


VOTTULU for "da" consonant

For Practice

.

dka

dkha

dga

dgha

dca

dcha

dja

djha

dta

dtha

dda

ddha

dna

dta

dtha

dda

.

.

.

.

.

ddha

dna

dpa

dpha

dba

dbha

dma

dya

dra

dla

dla

dva

dsa

dsa

dsa

dha

.

111

´


VOTTULU for "dha" consonant

For Practice

.

dhka

dhkha

dhga

dhgha

dhca

dhcha

dhja

dhjha

dhta

dhtha

dhda

dhdha

dhna

dhta

dhtha

dhda

.

.

.

.

.

dhdha

dhna

dhpa

dhpha

dhba

dhbha

dhma

dhya

dhra

dhla

dhla

dhva

dhsa

dhsa

dhsa

dhha

.

112

´


VOTTULU for "na" consonant

For Practice

.

nka

nkha

nga

ngha

nca

ncha

nja

njha

nta

ntha

nda

ndha

nna

nta

ntha

nda

.

.

.

.

.

ndha

nna

npa

npha

nba

nbha

nma

nya

nra

nla

nla

nva

nsa

nsa

nsa

nha

.

113

´


VOTTULU for "pa" consonant

For Practice

.

pka

pkha

pga

pgha

pca

pcha

pja

pjha

pta

ptha

pda

pdha

pna

pta

ptha

pda

.

.

.

.

.

pdha

pna

ppa

ppha

pba

pbha

pma

pya

pra

pla

pla

pva

psa

psa

psa

pha

.

114

´


VOTTULU for "pha" consonant

For Practice

.

phka

phkha

phga

phgha

phca

phcha

phja

phjha

phta

phtha

phda

phdha

phna

phta

phtha

phda

.

.

.

.

.

phdha

phna

phpa

phpha

phba

phbha

phma

phya

phra

phla

phla

phva

phsa

phsa

phsa

phha

.

115

´


VOTTULU for "ba" consonant

For Practice

.

bka

bkha

bga

bgha

bca

bcha

bja

bjha

bta

btha

bda

bdha

bna

bta

btha

bda

.

.

.

.

.

bdha

bna

bpa

bpha

bba

bbha

bma

bya

bra

bla

bla

bva

bsa

bsa

bsa

bha

.

116

´


VOTTULU for "bha" consonant

For Practice

.

bhka

bhkha

bhga

bhgha

bhca

bhcha

bhja

bhjha

bhta

bhtha

bhda

bhdha

bhna

bhta

bhtha

bhda

.

.

.

.

.

bhdha

bhna

bhpa

bhpha

bhba

bhbha

bhma

bhya

bhra

bhla

bhla

bhva

bhsa

bhsa

bhsa

bhha

.

117

´


VOTTULU for "ma" consonant

For Practice

.

mka

mkha

mga

mgha

mca

mcha

mja

mjha

mta

mtha

mda

mdha

mna

mta

mtha

mda

.

.

.

.

.

.

mdha

mna

mpa

mpha

mba

mbha

mma

mya

mra

mla

mla

mva

msa

msa

msa

mha

118

´


VOTTULU for "ya" consonant

For Practice

.

yka

ykha

yga

ygha

yca

ycha

yja

yjha

yta

ytha

yda

ydha

yna

yta

ytha

yda

.

.

.

.

.

ydha

yna

ypa

ypha

ypba

ybha

yma

yya

yra

yla

yla

yva

ysa

ysa

ysa

yha

.

119

´


VOTTULU for "ra" consonant

For Practice

.

rka

rkha

rga

rgha

rca

rcha

rja

rjha

rta

rtha

rda

rdha

rna

rta

rtha

rda

.

.

.

.

.

rdha

rna

rpa

rpha

rba

rbha

rma

rya

rra

rla

rla

rva

rsa

rsa

rsa

rha

.

120

´


VOTTULU for "la" consonant

For Practice

121

.

lka

lkha

lga

lgha

lca

lcha

lja

ljha

lta

ltha

lda

ldha

lna

lta

ltha

lda

.

.

.

.

.

ldha

lna

lpa

lpha

lba

lbha

lma

lya

lra

lla

lla

lva

lsa

lsa

lsa

lha

.

´


VOTTULU for "la" consonant

For Practice

122

.

lka

lkha

lga

lgha

lca

lcha

lja

ljha

lta

ltha

lda

ldha

lna

lta

ltha

lda

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

ldha

lna

lpa

lpha

lba

lbha

lma

lya

lra

lla

lla

lva

lsa

lsa

lsa

lha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

´


VOTTULU for "va" consonant

For Practice

.

vka

vkha

vga

vgha

vca

vcha

vja

vjha

vta

vtha

vda

vdha

vna

vta

vtha

vda

.

.

.

.

.

vdha

vna

vpa

vpha

vba

vbha

vma

vya

vra

vla

vla

vva

vsa

vsa

vsa

vha

.

123

´


VOTTULU for "sa" consonant

For Practice

ska

skha

sga

sgha

sca

scha

sja

sjha

sta

stha

sda

sdha

sna

sta

stha

sda

.

.

.

.

.

sdha

sna

spa

spha

sba

sbha

sma

sya

sra

sla

sla

sva

ssa

ssa

ssa

sha

.

.

124

´ ´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´

´



For Practice

. ska

skha

sga

sgha

sca

scha

sja

sjha

sta

stha

sda

sdha

sna

sta

stha

sda

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

sdha

sna

spa

spha

sba

sbha

sma

sya

sra

sla

sla

sva

ssa

ssa

ssa

sha

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.125

´



For Practice

.

ska

skha

sga

sgha

sca

scha

sja

sjha

sta

stha

sda

sdha

sna

sta

stha

sda

.

.

.

.

.

sdha

sna

spa

spha

sba

sbha

sma

sya

sra

sla

sla

sva

ssa

ssa

ssa

sha

.

126

´


VOTTULU for "ha" consonant

For Practice

hka

hkha

hga

hgha

hca

hcha

hja

hjha

hta

htha

hda

hdha

hna

hta

htha

hda

.

.

.

.

.

hdha

hna

hpa

hpha

hba

hbha

hma

hya

hra

hla

hla

hva

hsa

hsa

hsa

hha

.

.

127

´


NOTEThe vowel- consonant clusters for the Telugu letters viz.,

n, n, n, ksha, r are not given since they are notin much usage.

.~

..

128


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