teknik baca ecg praktis
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TEKNIK BACA ECG
PRAKTISPETAMINA BINA MEDIKA
MEDICAL DEPT. BADAK NGL.
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ECG
(ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY)
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ECG
(ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY)
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ECG
(ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY
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ECG
(ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY
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ECG
(ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY
3 / 5 lead (Monitor)
12 lead
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ECG
(ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY
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MENGENAL ARITMIA
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Irama Sinus
Irama normal jantung
Gelombang P selalu di ikuti QRS
QRS sempit Reguler
Rate 60 ± 100 x/ menit
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Sinus Takikardi
Irama sinus
Rate >100 x/menit
P diikuti QRS QRS normal, sempit
Biasanya tak ada gejala
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Sinus Bradikardia
Irama sinus
Rate < 60x/ menit
P Normal selalu diikuti QRS QRS Normal, sempit
Biasanya asimptomatik bila istirahat, lemah,
sesak, pusing bila beraktifitas.
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ARITMIA YANG MENYEBABKAN
CARDIAC ARREST
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Ventricular Fibrilation (VF)
Depolarisasi dan repolarisasi ventrikel yang
kacau
Rate 150-500 x/menit QRS tidak ada
P tidak tampak
Irama Ireguler Tidak ada pulse, unresponsive, awal dari
kematian
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Asystole
Tidak ada aktvitas ventrikel atau < 6
kompleks QRS yang terlihat per menit
Kadang ada gel. P tetapi tidak ada QRS Tidak ada nadi, BP tak terukur
Kematian
Cek lead
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PEA
(Pulseless Electrical Activity)
Konduksi normal tapi tidak menghasilkan
kontraksi miokard
Biasanya irama sinus QRS bisa sempit atau lebar, cepat/ lambat
Tidak ada Pulse, Unresponsive, Apneu
Pertimbangkan 6H,5T
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ARITMIA NON ARREST
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Ventrikel Takikardi (VT)
Daerah ventrikuler yang mengalami jejas,
infark atau iskemia sebagai sumber impuls
ektopik Rate Ventrikel >100 (120-250x/menit)
QRS Lebar, bentuk aneh (seperti PVC)
P tidak tampak
PR tidak ada
Irama Reguler
Hipotensi, pingsan, sesak bila aktivitas
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Supraventrikular Takikardi
(SVT)
Fenomena Reentry
Rate melebihi sinus takikardi, >120-130x/mnt
QRS Sempit, normal P tak terlihat, terlindung T
Irama Reguler
Berdebar, cepat lelah
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Atrial Fibrilasi dan Atrial
Flutter (AF)
Rate
Fibrilasi: bervariasi
Flutter: atrial 220-
350x/mnt, ventrikel
>150 -180x/mnt
Irama
Fibrilasi:Ireguler
Flutter: reguler
P
Fibrilasi:tak beraturan
Flutter: Bentuk gergaji
QRS sempit
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Atrioventrikular (AV) Blok
Derajat 1
Impuls terhambat (blok parsial) di AV dengan
interval yang tetap
Rate: <60x/menit Irama: sinus, reguler di atrial dan ventrikular
PR memanjang, tetap
P normal, selalu diikuti QRS QRS sempit
asimptomatik
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Atrioventrikular (AV) Blok
Derajat 2 Tipe 1
Impuls melambat di AV secara bertahap sampai
terblok sama sekali (QRS menghilang)
Rate:<60x/m Irama, P reguler, QRS ireguler (dropped beats)
PR memanjang bertahap sampai QRS hilang
P normal, kadang tidak diikuti QRS QRS sempit, kadang hilang (drops out)
Sering asimptomatik
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Atrioventrikular (AV) Blok
Derajat 2 Tipe 2
Blok di bawah nodus AV
Rate <60x/m
Irama: atrial reguler, ventrikular ireguler PR konstan, tidak ada pemanjangan
P normal, kadang tidak diikuti QRS
QRS bisa Sempit atau lebar Gejala bradikardia
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Atrioventrikular (AV) Blok
Derajat 3 (Total AV Block)
Jejas atau kerusakan pada sistem konduksi
jantung (blok total)
Rate Atrial 60-100x/mnt
Ventrikular tergantung ventrikuler escape beats
Irama atrial dan ventrikular reguler tapi
independen
PR tidak berhubungan
P Normal
QRS bisa sempit atau lebar
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Rumus Praktis Baca ECG
1. Komplek QRS ?
2. Cepat/ lambat ?
3. Lebar/ Sempit4. QRS reguler/ ireguler
5. Gelombang P?
6. Hubungan P dengan QRS?
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Rumus Praktis Baca ECG
1. Kompleks QRS ?
Ada atau Tidak
- Tidak ada QRS yang terbentukVF atau Asystole
- Ada QRS 2
2. Cepat/ Lambat- Cepat Takikardi
- Lambat Bradikardi
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Rumus Praktis Baca ECG
3. Lebar atau sempit
- QRS Lebar Ventrikuler
- QRS Sempit Supraventrikuler
4. QRS Reguler/ Ireguler
- Ireguler Fibrilasi- Reguler Takikardi
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Rumus Praktis Baca ECG
5. Gelombang P?
Ada atau tidak, bentuknya apa
- Tak beraturan Atrium Fibrilasi- Bentuk Gergaji Atrium Flutter
Takikardi Flutter Fibrilasi Asystole
6. Hubungan P dengan QRSP selalu diikuti QRS, bagaimana Segmen PR
AV Blok derajat 1, 2, dan 3
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Kegunaan
Dengan mengenali secara cepat dan tepat jenis
aritmia jantung maka akan dapat melakukan
pertolongan yang sesuai dengan Algoritme
yang dapat menyelamatkan jiwa.
Chain Of Survival
Asses CallCPRDefibrilatorMedicine
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Latihan
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Latihan
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Latihan
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Latihan
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Latihan
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Latihan
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Latihan
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Latihan
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Latihan
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Latihan