TEDDY ROOSEVELT

“Walk Softly and carry a big stick!”

Objectives:

• Students will be introduced to Teddy Roosevelt and see what he was like as a man and a president

• Students will create a political cartoon dealing with an aspect of Roosevelt’s presidency

Overarching QuestionWhat did Roosevelt do to earn immortalization at

Mount Rushmore? Most people can easily answer why the others figures were chosen. So……………..after studying about the life and work of Theodore Roosevelt, YOU decide why YOU THINK he was placed among such prestigious company (George Washington - the father of our country, Thomas Jefferson - author of the Declaration of Independence, and Abraham Lincoln - the “Great Emancipator” who united the country.

Teddy Roosevelt

• born in New York

• when he was born, doctors said that he would probably never reach his teenage years (sickly)

• lived though his childhood and became an active young man

• eventually graduated from Harvard University

Very involved young man…

• as a young man, Teddy liked to participate in many activities including:

» hunting» fishing» hiking» swimming» boxing

The general idea was…if you could do it outside, Teddy was doing it!!!

This led to him eventually joining the Army

ROUGH RIDERS

• Teddy joined the army and started a unit called the “Rough Riders” that were well respected for their abilities….

• fought in the Spanish American war

Roosevelt and the Rough Riders on San Juan Hill

So how did this rough, tough, loud, cowboy get

to be President of the United

States?

•President McKinley was elected as the 25th President of the United States

•He had selected Teddy Roosevelt as his Vice President to secure more votes

•In 1901, he was shot and killed by an anarchist

SO……

In 1901, Teddy Roosevelt took over as President of the United States

At first, Teddy was not liked at all by many of the current government officials! They referred to him as the “crazy cowboy”.

Roosevelt as President

The Square Deal• A fair shake for all• Pure Food and Drug Act of

1906• Meat Inspection Act of 1906

From Upton Sinclair’s From Upton Sinclair’s The JungleThe Jungle

““There would be meat that had There would be meat that had tumbled out on the floor, in the dirt tumbled out on the floor, in the dirt

and sawdust, where the workers had and sawdust, where the workers had trampled and spit uncounted billions trampled and spit uncounted billions

of germs. There would be meat stored of germs. There would be meat stored in rooms and thousands of rats would in rooms and thousands of rats would

race about it..A man could run his race about it..A man could run his hand over these piles of meat and hand over these piles of meat and sweep handfuls of dried rat dung. sweep handfuls of dried rat dung.

These rats were nuisances, and These rats were nuisances, and packers would put poisoned bread out packers would put poisoned bread out for them; they would die, and then the for them; they would die, and then the

rats, bread, and meat would go into rats, bread, and meat would go into the hoppers together…the hoppers together…

Consumer protectionBackground-US meatpackers were unsanitary. European countries were threatening an ban on all American meat imports. US consumers were demanding action

Sinclair’s Jungle-Upton Sinclair was a socialist. Goal was to focus attention on the plight of the workers in the food industry. Instead appeals to the pubic with the description of unsanitary conditions.

Roosevelt Responds-TR appointed a commission that confirmed Sinclair’s Jungle. Meat Inspection Act (1906) meat shipped over state lines was subject to inspection. Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) prevent the mislabeling of foods and drugs

“THE JUNGLE” LEADS TO FOOD REGULATION

• After reading The Jungle by Upton Sinclair, Roosevelt pushed for passage of the Meat Inspection Act of 1906

• The Act mandated cleaner conditions for meatpacking plants

PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT

• In response to unregulated claims and unhealthy products, Congress passed the Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906

• The Act halted the sale of contaminated foods and medicines and called for truth in labeling

The Pure Food and Drug Act took medicines with cocaine and other

harmful ingredients off the market

Bully Pulpit• One way Teddy often

times got his way was by using his power as President

• this was called the “bully pulpit” because he bullied members of Congress into doing what he wanted!!!

Trustbuster

• Teddy Roosevelt is perhaps most well know for breaking up trusts (or monopolies)

• broke up more than 40 business that were eating up the “little guy”

• helped Ida Tarbell defeat Standard Oil

Conservationist

• Teddy’s love for the outdoors also led him to work at saving the US wild areas

• He worked with his good friend and fellow conservationist Gifford Pinchott

Civil Rights Pioneer

• Teddy was the first President to invite a black man to the White House for dinner

• His name was Booker T. Washington

Active Outdoorsman

• Even as President, Teddy liked to participate in outdoor activities

• loved to hunt and fish• boxed in the back

yard of the White House

• played with his kids

Social Reformer• Teddy fought to reform

some of the many problems the industrial revolution had brought to the US

• Worked on making slaughter houses, textile mills, and other industrial complexes more safe for common man

Panama Canal: Roosevelt’s Most Famous Foreign Policy Initiative

Here TR inspects the canal construction in Panama in 1906.

Roosevelt Hand Picks Taft• Theodore

Roosevelt with incoming President William Howard Taft on Taft's inauguration day in 1909

TAFT LOSES POWER

• Taft was not popular with the American public nor reform minded Republicans

• By 1910, Democrats had regained control of the House of Representatives

Taft called the Presidency, “The lonesomest job in the world”

25

The Progressive Reform Era (1890–1920)

1912 Election: 2 Republicans and 1 Democrat

Taft Splits the Party-Taft dumped policies of Roosevelt and turns to the Republican Old Guard. Taft-Roosevelt split the Republican votes ensuring a Democratic victory

Roosevelt’s Bull Moose-Denied the 1912 Republican nomination, TR forms Progressive (Bull Moose) Party. Roosevelt demands a more active government role in economic and social affairs.

Democrats Win-Wilson wins presidency despite only earning 41% of the popular vote (Taft and Roosevelt combined to get more votes than Wilson). Wilson win the electoral vote 435-88-8 . Democrats will enact many progressive reforms.

An Older Theodore Roosevelt• Agony over the death

of Quentin in World War I

• "Grandfather" Roosevelt hugs baby granddaughter Edith Roosevelt Derby, 1918.

Roosevelt’s Death• "The old lion is

dead." • Photo shows the

burial of Theodore Roosevelt, January 1919 in Young’s Memorial Cemetery, Oyster Bay, NY.

 

Presidential Firsts• First to invite an African American to a

White House dinner

• First to have Secret Service protection

• First to win the Nobel Peace Prize for his work towards ending the Russo-Japanese War

• First to take a trip outside the United States

More Presidential Firsts• First to give an open invitation to the

press

• First to be submerged in a submarine, to own a car, to have a telephone in his home, and to be allowed to operate the light switches in the White House

Teddy as a National Icon

• Many people looked at Teddy Roosevelt as the “way a President should be”

• “Teddy Bear” named after Roosevelt• he was a progressive President

– means he fought for the common man

Due to his robust nature, he was made the subject of a countless number of political cartoons

Take a look….

• most of these cartoons showed Teddy attacking some foe with this physical ability