techshanghai2016 - reliable automotive-grade isolators for new energy vehicles
TRANSCRIPT
1 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. | Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved.
新能源汽车安全隔离光耦解决方案
Broadcom Optocouplers –
Reliable automotive-grade Isolators for new energy vehicles
March 16, 2016 Tech Shanghai
Hong Lei Chen
2 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
• Broadcom Isolation Products Overview
• Optocoupler Introduction
• Automotive-grade Optocouplers for Automotive Applications
• Optocouplers for EV Charging Station Designs
• Design Tools and Technical Support
• Summary
Agenda
3 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Heritage of Technology
1961 1981 1996 1999 2002 2005 2007 2009 2014 2016 1991
IPO
4 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Avago acquires
Broadcom
2016
Trademark: R2Coupler – Reinforced Reliability
2014
Automotive R2Coupler
Digital Opto
AEC Q100 Grade 1
(-40ºC to +125ºC) Smart gate drive opto-
coupler with integrated
dc-dc flyback controller
(ACPL-32JT)
Industry-first SiC
MOSFET Gate
Drive Optocoupler R2Coupler Design
in HEV
TS16949 Certification
(Assembly & Test)
2.5V low supply
voltage
optocoupler
High precision
optically isolated
amp (0.5%)
Optically isolated
voltage sensor
2009 2010 2007 2011 2013 2005 2012
PhotoIC with highest
insulation voltage
7500Vrms
14.2mm C/C gate drive, digital and
current sense
TS16949
Certification
(Epi/LED
Wafer Fab)
Avago spun off
from Agilent
2008
R2Coupler
in PHEV &
EV
2015
SSO12
Fine Pitch
Package
>40M
R2Couplers
Shipped
R2Coupler
Gate Drive &
IsoAmp AEC Q100
Grade 1
(-40ºC to +125ºC)
Broadcom Optocouplers – Market and Product Leadership HP Labs
developed
breakthrough
GaAsP LEDs
Commercially
available
Optocouplers
(JEDEC) offered by
HP
HP introduced High
Speed CMOS and
Wide-body (CNW)
Optocouplers
HP introduced IGBT
Gate Drive
Optocoupler
HP introduced Isolation
Amplifier utilizing Sigma-
Delta ADC technology
(HCPL-7800)
HP introduced 1st Gen
Smart Gate Drive
Optocoupler
(HCPL-316J)
1966 1993 1995 1992 1996 1970 1989 1997
Portfolio of multi-
channel /
bidirectional
optocoupler
3.3V/5V dual supply
voltage optocoupler
Fastest Digital
Optocoupler
(50MBd, PWD <2ns)
Agilent spun
off from HP
2002 2000 2004 1999
5 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Broadcom Optocouplers Overview
Automotive-grade
Optocouplers
AEC-Q100 certification
Digital Optocouplers
Signal Isolation Digital Optocouplers
(up to 50MBd)
Digital Isolators (up to 100MBd)
Analog Optocouplers &
Special Functions
Isolation Amplifiers
Current / Voltage Sensing
Isolated ADC
Analog Output Iso-Amp
Gate Drivers
Power Device Gate Driving IPM Interface
IGBT/MOSFET Gate drivers Smart gate drivers
Basic gate drivers
Hermetic Optocouplers
MIL-PRF-38534 Industrial
Product Family
Market Segment
6 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Optocoupler Product Market Segments
Motor Control
7 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
What is Optocoupler? (also known as: Photocoupler, Opto-isolator, Optical isolator)
Light Blocking
Epoxy Outer Mold
Input
Leadframe
Output Leadframe
Insulation Tape
Other Parameters:
Package: SO, SSO, DIP, ACNV, ACNW, ACNT
Reliability / Operating Lifetime
Basic Safety Parameters:
Viso : dielectric withstand voltage (UL1577)
Viorm : max. working insulation voltage (IEC 60747-5-5)
Clearance, creepage, DTI : insulation coordinates
“Functional”, “Basic”, “Reinforced Insulation”
Safety certificates (component level standards):
UL1577, IEC 60747-5-5, CSA #5
ESD: HBM, MM, CDM
MSL=1 (most optocouplers)
Optocoupler Selection Criteria
Basic Electrical Parameters:
CTR (= Io/If) range
LED Vf, If
Vcc power supply range
Data rate (MBd) / tprop delay
Operating temp. range
CMRR kV/µs (noise immunity)
8 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Broadcom Optocoupler Package Types
SO-5
Stretched
SO-6 (SSO-6)
Stretched
SO-8 (SSO-
8)
Standard
300mil
DIP8
Stretched SO-12
(SSO-12)
SO-16
SO-8
SO-8
400mil
DIP8
Widebody
500mil
DIP10
Widebody
14.2mm
SSO-8
SO-16
Narrow
body
SO-16
SO-8
SO-16
Narrow
body
DIP-4, DIP-6, DIP-8
DIP-16 White Housing
Jade DIP-8
Transparent Silicon
WIDEBODY
Reflective Silicon
LED Photo
Detector
Jade S0-16
White Housing
SO-4, SO-5, SO-8
SSO-6 SSO-8 Stag SO-8, SO-16
9 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. | Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved.
Introduce R2Couplers – Broadcom Automotive-grade Optocouplers Broadcom offers reliable isolation technology with a wide selection of products
10 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Applications in xEV Systems Different packages to meet different high voltage requirement
MOSFET
Driver
IGBT
Driver
IsoAmp IPM
Driver
10BMd
Digital
≤1MBd
Digital
Analog
Part No.
ACPL-
K30T
ACPL-
K33T
ACPL-
782T
ACPL-
M46T
ACPL-
M71T/
K71T/
K74T
ACPL-
M43T
ACPL-
M43T/
K43T
ACPL-
K34T
ACPL-
38JT
ACPL-
C87AT/
C87BT
ACPL-
M43T
ACPL-
M72T/
K72T/
K75T
ACPL-
M46T
ACPL-
M49T/
K49T
ACPL-
31JT
ACPL-
34JT/
344JT
ACPL-
C797T
ACPL-
K43T/
K44T
ACPL-
M61T
ACPL-
K43T/
K44T
ACPL-
32JT/
33JT
ACPL-
C799T*
ACFL-
6211T/
6212T
ACFL-
5211T/
5212T
Charger ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Inverter ● ● ● ● ● ●
HVAC ● ● ● ● ● ●
DC/DC ● ● ● ● ● ● ●
Oil Pump ● ● ● ●
BMS ● ● ● ● ●
* Advance information
Oil Pump
Inverter
• IPM Drive Interface
• Integrated IGBT Gate
Drive
CANBus Interface
• Digital Communications
• Status Control
Charger & Converters
IGBT Gate Driver
MOSFET Driver
Current/Voltage Sensing
Digital Interface
• Communications
• Wake-Up/Status Control
• Fault Feedback
CANBUS Interface
• Digital
Communications
• Status Control
Battery Management System
Battery Pack Monitoring
• Voltage/Temperature Sensing
• CANBus Communications
• Status Control
Battery Cell Management
• Cell Balancing
• Digital Communications
• Wake-Up/Status Control
• Fault Status Feedback
Analog Sensing
• Temperature/
Voltage Sensing
• Current sensing
Drive System
• IPM Drive Interface
• Integrated IGBT Gate
Drive
• Voltage/Current Sensing
• Digital Interface
• Communications
• Wake-Up
• Fault Feedback
Aircon Compressor / Heater
Inverter/Heater
• IPM Drive Interface
• Integrated IGBT Gate Drive
• Voltage Sensing
• IGBT Gate Drive
CANBus Interface
• Digital Communications
• Status Control
12 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Gate Driver Selection for Inverter, DC/DC and Charger
Isolation
/ Power
Benefits < 10kW 10kW – 100kW - 250kW
• Flyback Converter
• Isolation
• Driver
•Distributed
power
architecture
•Better
performance
and lower
cost
• Isolation
• Driver
•Fully
compatible to
existing power
architecture
Application DC/DC, Charger Drive Systems
ACPL-38JT 2A Gate Drive, Desat Sensing, Fault Feedback
ACPL-34JT/344JT 2A Gate Drive, Desat Sensing Miller Clamp, UVLO Feedback
ACPL-32JT 2A Gate Drive Desat Sensing Miller Clamp
2W Flyback Controller
ACPL-K34T 200kHz MOSFET Driver
ACPL-31JT Smart MOSFET Driver
ACPL-33JT 2A Gate Drive Desat Sensing Miller Clamp
> 4W Flyback Controller
ACPL-K33T SiC MOSFET Driver
ACPL-312T 2A IGBT Gate Drive
13 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Gate Driver Portfolio
Part Number
Features
Integration
Power Switching Device
IGBT
Basic
General Purpose
ACPL-312T
Tight Delay Control
ACPL-K33T
Smart
Protection + Power
ACPL-32JT ACPL-33JT
Protection Features
ACPL-34JT ACPL-38JT
MOSFET
Basic
Tight Delay Control
ACPL-K34T
Smart
Protection Features
ACPL-31JT
Part Number Working
Voltage
IO- / IO+ TPLH / TPHL TPLH - TPHL VCC2 Supply Miller
Clamp
UVLO /
Feedback
Desat /
Feedback
DC-DC Flyback
Controller
ACPL-312T 630V -2.5A / 2.5A 500ns / 500ns -350ns / 350ns 30V NA 12V / No NA NA
ACPL-K33T 1140V -2.5A / 2.5A 120ns / 120ns -40ns / 50ns 30V NA 12V / No NA NA
ACPL-K34T 1140V -2.5A / 2.5A 120ns / 120ns -40ns / 50ns 20V NA 8V / No NA NA
ACPL-31JT* 1230V -2.5A / 2.5A 250ns / 250ns -100ns / 15ns 20V 2A 10V / No 4V / Yes NA
ACPL-32JT 1230V -2.5A / 2.5A 250ns / 250ns -160ns / 60ns 20V 2A 12V / No 7V / Yes 20V
ACPL-33JT* 1230V -2.5A / 2.5A 250ns / 250ns -150ns / 150ns 16V 2.5A 12V / No 7V / Yes 16V
ACPL-34JT 1230V -2.5A / 2.5A 250ns / 250ns -150ns / 150ns 25V 2A 12V / No 7V / Yes NA
ACPL-344JT 1230V -2.5A / 2.5A 250ns / 250ns -150ns / 105ns 25V 2A 12V / No 7V / Yes NA
ACPL-38JT 1230V -2.5A / 2.5A 500ns / 500ns -350ns / 350ns 30V NA 12V / No 7V / No NA
14 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Isolation Amplifier Selection
Digital Outputs
Differential
Analog Outputs
Interface 50A – 500A < 50A AC Voltage DC Voltage Temperature
Sensing Current sensing Voltage Sensing
ACPL-782T +/-200mV Input Range
2%
ACPL-C799T Sigma Delta Output
+/-50mV Current Sensor
1%
ACPL-C87BT / C87AT 2V Input Range
0.5% / 1%
ACPL-C797T Sigma Delta Output
+/-200mV Voltage Sensor 1%
Sample
MCLK
MDAT
SIGMA-DELTA MOD. /
ENCODEDECODE
VIN+
VIN-
+ -
+ -
VIN+
VIN-
VO+
VO-
15 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Digital Optocoupler Selection
Up to 1414Vdc
(BUS/Truck)
Up to 560Vdc
(Passenger
Cars)
Isolation
Voltages
Up to 100kBd 100kBd – 1MBd 1MB – 15MBd
ACPL-M61T 10MBd
Open Collector Output SO5 Single
ACPL-M43T Wide Supply Range
1MBd Prop Delay < 1us Linear Response
Zero Off state power SO5 Single
ACPL-M72T 10MBd CMOS Output
Supply Current < 1.5mA SO5 Single
ACPL-M46T Wide Supply Range
1MBd Prop Delay < 0.5us
SO5 Single
ACPL-M49T Wide Supply Range
20kBd 4 pin configuration Linear Response
Zero off state power SO5 Single
ACPL-K43T Wide Supply Range
1MBd Prop Delay < 1us Linear Response
Zero Off state power SSO8 Single
ACPL-K71T 15MBd CMOS Output
Prop Delay < 32ns SSO8 Single
ACPL-K44T Wide Supply Range
Linear Response Zero Off state power
SSO8 Dual
ACPL-K49T Wide Supply Range
20kBd 4 pin configuration Linear Response
Zero off state power SSO8 Single
ACPL-K75T Supply Current < 1.5mA
SSO8 Dual
ACPL-K74T Supply Current < 1.5mA
SSO8 Dual
ACPL-K72T 10MBd CMOS Output
SSO8 Single
ACPL-M71T 15MBd CMOS Output
Supply Current < 1.5mA Prop Delay < 32ns
SO5 Single
Dual Channel
Uni / Bi-Directional
ACFL-5211T Wide Supply Range
Linear Response Zero Off state power SSO12 Bi-direction
ACFL-6212T Supply Current < 1.5mA
SSO12 Bi-direction
ACFL-6211T Supply Current < 1.5mA
SSO12 Bi-direction
ACFL-5212T Wide Supply Range
4 pin, Linear Response SSO12 Bi-direction
16 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Schematic Block Diagram
Features
Qualified to AEC-Q100 Grade 1 Test Guidelines
-40OC to +125OC operating temperature range
2.5 A maximum peak output current
1.9 A Miller Clamp Sinking Current
Wide Operating Voltage: 12V to 25V
Propagation delay: 250ns (max.)
4V Desat sensing, hard turn-off for fast protection and Fault Feedback
Under Voltage Lock-Out protection (UVLO) with Feedback
>50kV/μs Common Mode Rejection (CMR) at VCM = 1500 V
High Noise Immunity
- Miller Current Clamping
- Direct LED input with low input impedance and low noise sensitivity
- Negative Gate Bias
Regulatory approvals:
- UL1577, CSA
- IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-5
Half Bridge Evaluation Board Available
ACPL-31JT - Automotive 2.5 Amp MOSFET Gate Drive Optocoupler with Integrated Desat Sensing, Miller Current Clamping and Under Voltage Lock Out Feedback
Status – In Production
17 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Channel 1: VGS (10V/div)
Channel 2: VDS (50V/div)
Channel 3: VDESAT (5V/div)
Channel 4: ID (100A/div)
Channel 1: VGS (10V/div)
Channel 2: VDS (50V/div)
Channel 3: VDESAT (5V/div)
Channel 4: Fault (5V/div)
VBUS = 100V
IDrain(peak)~120A
Hard shutdown
Overvoltage ~ 80V
Fault Feedback
Note:
• The short circuit test is conducted with MOSFET IPW65R110CFD (VDS rating=650V).
• There is no soft shutdown for ACPL-31JT, therefore it is recommended to add a TVS diode (D3T, D3B) between Drain and Gate for voltage clamping
protection if the MOSFET VDS rating is lower than the overvoltage observed.
ACPL-31JT Short Circuit Test Waveforms
18 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
ACPL-344JT – IGBT Gate Driver with UVLO Feedback
- UVLO Feedback - Active Miller Clamping - Soft shutdown for short circuit protection.
- Half bridge evaluation board available with short circuit and 2 pulse test result.
4.7
k
0.1
u 20
20u
10u
uC
+ 5V LED2+
VE
VCC2
VEE2
VO
CLAMP_SS
VEE2 VEE1
NC
AN
CA
FAULT
DESAT VCC1
UVLO
NC
ACPL-M49T
ACPL-34JT/344JT
R
g
1
1
0
20u
2k
330p
1k
330
p
330
p 4.7
k
135
0.1
u
15V 8 – 18V
Rss
135
PWM_TOP
PWM_BOT
Vge
V/FLT
Vce
Ice
Short Circuit Test Waveforms
19 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Key Features
• Automotive AEC-Q100 Qualification
• Creepage and Clearance: > 8mm
• Isolation Voltage: 5kVrms 1 minute
• Working Voltage: 1230Vpeak continuous
• Wide Operating Temperature: -40 ^C – 125^C
• Input Supply Voltage: 4.5 to 5.5V
• Regulated Output Voltage: 16V
• Integrated DC-DC Controller for Floating Power Supply
• IGBT Desat sensing,
• Programmable “soft” IGBT turn-off and Fault Feedback
• Under Voltage Lockout and Feedback
• Integrated Miller Clamping
• Worldwide Saftey Approval: UL, IEC, CSA
Benefit
• Distributed floating power supply architecture
• Less switching noise
• Smaller transformer
• Integrated fault protection
• Small size and board space saving
Applications
• IGBT Gate Driver for Traction Inverter
• Charger and HVAC
ACPL-33JT - Gate Driver with Flyback DC-DC Controller, Desat Over Current Protection, Miller Clamping and UVLO Feedback
• Status Update
• Preliminary Datasheet
• Engineering Samples: Available
Vin = 12V Battery
(6V – 24V)
ACPL-33JT
VCC2 = 16V
C1
Lp Ls Co Ro
LED2+
VCC2
VEE2
VEE2
VO
CLAMP
SS
PG
VEE1
AN
CA
FAULT
UVLO
DESAT VCC1
COMP
Rc
R2 R3
Rbuffer
C7 Cs Cc
C3
C4
C6
5V Reg
DC_5V
C8
Rg Q1
NVF3055L1
08
Q2
Rss
Q3
HV
uC
200k
22n 100p
10k 10k C8
PWM_Top
PWM_Bot
R4
R5 R6
Cin
RDesat
DDesat
IGBT
D2
D0
D1
20 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
ACPL-32JT Compact Design with Integrated Flyback Controller
Features
• Integrated flyback controller
• Rail to rail driving output
• Negative Gate Biasing and Miller Clamp for gate noise rejection
• Adjustable Desat Sensing threshold through additional Desat Diode
• Soft shutdown timing can be adjusted by Rss
• Direct low impedance LED input, high dV/dt noise immunity
• Over current blanking time can be controlled through blanking capacitor
8 – 18 V 20V , 60mA~120mA
LED2+
VCC2
VEE2
VEE2
VO
VE
SW
VEE1
AN
CA
FAULT
UVLO
DESAT VCC1
COMP
uC
+ 5V
C1
Ls 220nF
2k Lp
470k
4.7k
4.7k
Rg
330pF 22nF
330pF
0.1uF
10
330pF
270
1k
330pF
20
ACPL-32JT
CLAMP_SS
10uF
20uF
20uF
15V
2k
HV Diode
Rss
10uF
Evaluation Board Available
Single Channel For Infineon Hybrid Pack 2
21 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
• Main Features:
• Avago Automotive 2.5A Smart Gate Drive Optocoupler ACPL-33JT
• Integrated flyback DCDC controller
• External primary winding switch to increase driving power
• Rail to rail driving output
• Adjustable Desat Sensing threshold through additional Desat Diode
• Soft shutdown timing can be adjusted by Rss
• Direct low impedance LED input, high dV/dt noise immunity
• Over current blanking time can be controlled through blanking capacitor
ACPL-33JT Half Bridge Evaluation Board for HP2
22 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
• Fuji M651 IGBT Driver Board
• 400A/650V IGBT
• Direct Mount to IGBT Module
• Gate Driver IC – Avago ACPL-32JT with integrated flyback DC/DC
controller
• +15/-5 V Distributed 2W Power Supply
• IGBT desat short circuit sensing and feedback with soft
shutdown capability
• Undervoltage lockout protection and feedback
• Voltage Sense – ACPL-C87AT provides isolated bus voltage sense
• Buffer-driven PWM gate driver input
• 5A peak buffer output
IGBT Driver Boards
• Fuji M652 IGBT Driver Board
• 600A/650V IGBT
• Direct Mount to IGBT Module
• Gate Driver IC – Avago ACPL-32JT with integrated flyback DC/DC
controller
• +15/-5 V Distributed 2W Power Supply
• IGBT desat short circuit sensing and feedback with soft
shutdown capability
• Undervoltage lockout protection and feedback
• Voltage Sense – ACPL-C87AT provides isolated bus voltage sense
• Buffer-driven PWM gate driver input
• 15A peak buffer output
23 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Take the Risk out of
High Voltage Failure with Certified Broadcom Optocouplers
IEC 60747-5-5 Certified
Optocouplers are the only isolation devices that meet or exceed the IEC 60747-5-5 International Safety Standard for insulation and isolation. Stringent evaluation tests show Broadcom’s optocouplers deliver outstanding performance on essential safety and deliver exceptional High Voltage protection for your equipment. Alternative isolation technologies such as ADI’s magnetic or TI’s capacitive isolators do not deliver anywhere near the high voltage insulation protection or noise isolation capabilities that optocouplers deliver.
long-term reliability
http://www.avagotech.com/products/optocouplers/
Insulation
-Recognized Safety
Standard by IEC
Reliability
Insulation Material
Distance Through
Insulation (DTI)
ESD Surge Test
>15KV
EMI/EMC
Isolation (CMR)
Broadcom Optocouplers Magnetic Isolator Capacitive Isolator
IEC 60747-5-5 Approval
Certify to “Reinforced”
insulation
IEC 60747-5-5 Not Approved
Compliant to “Basic”
insulation only
IEC 60747-5-5 Not Approved
Compliant to “Basic”
insulation only
High reliability to High Voltage
lifetime Test, proven
functional after 168hrs at
3.75kV test
Fail at 8.5hrs at 2.5kV High
Voltage test
Limited field data to prove
Silicone / Kapton
Polymide
SiO2
0.08 to 1mm (-> up to 2mm)
( >10 times DTI)
0.02mm
0.008mm
Withstands
Fails
Fails
Transmit signal through light
and thus immune to EMI
Magnetic solution results in
electromagnetic radiation and
subjected to electromagnetic
interference (EMI)
Transferred through capacitive
is subjected to electromagnetic
interference (EMI)
High Common Mode
Transient (dV/dt) does not
damage Optocoupler.
High Common Mode Transient
(dV/dt) may cause latch-up
or permanent damage
Capacitive reactance is inverse
proportional to frequency,
resulting in high pass for high
frequency noise
Isolation Technology Comparison
24 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. | Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved.
A Complete Safety Isolation Solution for Electric Vehicle Charging Station Designs
25 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
EV Charging Station Value Chain
• Charging station suppliers fulfills an important supportive activity.
• The EV user can choose products and services according to his needs and preferences; which energy source, who to produce it, who to distribute it, etc.
Charging station suppliers
EV Users Electricity
Materials and components suppliers such as Broadcom
Optocouplers
26 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
On-board Charger and Charging Station
Reference: ABB White Paper; SAE International.
AC/DC Charging Electrical Ratings
Charge
Method
Nominal
Supply
Voltage
Maximum
Continuou
s Current
Output
Power
Estimated Charge
Time1
AC
Level 1
120 V AC
Supply, 1-
phase
12 A 1.4 kW 17 Hrs (OBC, SOC2 –
20% to full) 16 A 1.9 kW
AC
Level 2
208-240 V
AC Supply, 1-
phase
80 A Up to 19.2
kW
SOC – 20% to full:
7 Hrs (3.3 kW OBC);
3.5 Hrs (7 kW OBC);
1.2 Hrs (20 kW OBC).
DC
Level 1
200-500 V
DC (EVSE
Output)
80 A Up to 40 kW 1.2 Hrs (SOC – 20% to
100%, 20 kW off-board
charger)
DC
Level 2
200-500 V
DC (EVSE
Output)
200 A Up to 100
kW
20 min (SOC – 20% to
80%, 45 kW off-board
charger) Notes:
1) For ease of discussion, only BEV (battery electric vehicle) examples are listed.
2) SOC (state of charge) is the equivalent of a fuel gauge for the battery pack in a BEV. 0% SOC
means the battery pack is completely discharged; and 100% SOC means it’s fully charged.
3) Rated Power is at nominal configuration operating voltage and coupler rated current
4) Ideal charge times assume 90% efficient chargers, 150W to 12V loads and no balancing of Traction
Battery Pack.
5) BEV (25 kWh usable pack size) charging always starts at 20% SOC, faster than a 1C rate (total
capacity charged in one hour) will also stop at 80% SOC instead of 100%.
AC charging • Every vehicle has an
on-board charger. • Limited power rating,
slow charging. • Requires Automotive-
grade components
DC charging • Infrastructure investment is
shared with hundreds of users.
• Large power rating, fast charging.
• Industrial-grade components suffice
27 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Global EV Charging Station Market to Grow to 12.8 Million Units in 2020
+ + = 12.8M
+ + = 1M
Source: IHS.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Un
its
(Mil)
Global EV Charging Station Cumulative
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Worldwide EV Charging Station Development Tesla Supercharger
Today: 443 Supercharger stations with 2,465 Superchargers
2016 Est. 4000 superchargers.
2020 Est. 8000 superchargers.
US Charging Stations (2015) 29,170 charging outlets in the United States
EU Fast Charging Corridor plan
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China EV Charging Station Plan
• Till 2014, new energy vehicles cumulative 120ku; charging piles 30ku
cumulative. Fulfilling only ¼ of the need based on 1:1 ratio.
• By 2020, project new energy vehicles cumulative 5Mu; charging piles
4.5Mu cumulative. • Average selling price 20k RMB each.
• TAM: 90 Bil RMB = 14.1 Bil USD for 2015-2020.
Source: 中国汽车工业协会, “国标8月修订出台 新能源充电桩标准统一,” 2015年08月03日 09:13 来源:华夏时报
http://www.caam.org.cn/biaozhuidongtai/20150803/0905167535.html
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DC Fast Electric Vehicle Charging Station – Broadcom provides complete isolation solution to ensure safety
Recommended Optocouplers Voltage sensor – ACPL-
C87B/C87A/C870
Current sensor – Analog output
ACPL-C79B/C79A/C790; digital
output ACPL-C797/796J/798J
MOSFET gate drivers – ACPL-
W345/346; IGBT/SiC/GaN MOSFET
gate drivers – ACPL-W347/349
Smart IGBT gate drivers for large
power charging stations – ACPL-
339J/336J/337J
CAN Bus isolation – 5/10 MBd
ACPL-W21L/W61L, 2X; 25 MBd
ACSL-7210, 1X
+ –
Voltage Sense
ACPL-C870
Controller
+ –
Current Sense
ACPL-C790
Current Sense ACPL-
C790, 4X
+ – + –
+ – Current Sense ACPL-C790
- +
Charging Station Control Center
+ –
CAN Bus
ACPL-W61L, 2X PWM PWM PWM
- +
Gate Drive
ACPL-W347/ W349,
6X Voltage Sense
ACPL-C870
CAN Bus
ACPL-W61L, 2X
Safety Isolation Barrier
Safety Isolation Barrier
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Recommended Optocouplers for EV Charging Stations
The needs of Optocouplers in EV Charging system:
• Need gate drive optocoupler to drive IGBT/MOSFET
Power MOSFET gate drivers ACPL-W346/345, ACPL-
W347/349, ACPL-335J [ ]
Smart gate drivers ACPL-339J/336J/337J
• Need voltage, current and temperature sensor in inverters, DCDC
converters
Voltage/Temperature Sensor ACPL-C87B/C87A/C870
Current Sensor ACPL-C79B/C79A/C790
• CAN bus communication requires high CMR Digital Optocouplers
CAN Bus isolation 5/10 MBd ACPL-W21L/W61L
High speed communication 25 MBd ACSL-7210
• Broadcom provides a complete range of isolation products
to meet the market needs.
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ACPL-335J 2.5A MOSFET Gate Drive Optocoupler with Integrated Over Current Sensing, Active Miller Clamping, Fault and UVLO Status Feedback Key Features for MOSFET 2.5 A max. peak output current
10V UVLO Threshold for MOSFET
3.9V Over Current Threshold for MOSFET
Adjustable blanking time for fast over current
detection
Fast over-current response time
Fast Drive with 110ns typ. propagation delay
CMR > 50kV/µs min for high freq PWM
Integrated 2A Active Miller clamping
Creepage and Clearance > 8mm
Worldwide Safety Approval:
IEC/EN/DIN EN 60747-5-5, VIORM = 1230
VPEAK
UL 1577 (5000 VRMS/1 min.)
CSA notice #5
Functional Diagram
MOSFET Driving Application : High Voltage, High
Frequency • EV Charging Stations
• ESS Battery Chargers
• PV Inverters
• Power Supplies
• High Frequency Drives
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Evaluation Boards
ACPL-H342/K342 Gate Driver with Active Miller Clamp
ACPL-339J MOSFET Buffer Interface Gate Driver
ACPL-P346/W3436 MOSFET Gate Driver
ACPL-P343/W343 IGBT Gate Driver
Basic Gate Drive Optocoupler
ACNT-H313 High Creepage/Clearance/Insulation
Voltage Gate Driver
Smart Gate Drive Optocoupler
ACPL-337J Highly Integrated Gate Driver
ACPL-302J Gate Driver with DC-DC controller
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Reference Designs
• Cree 2nd Gen SiC MOSFET C2M0080120D. ACPL-W346 High Speed Basic Gate Driver and ACPL-339J Gate Driver with DESAT Protection
• Fuji Electric AT-NPC 3 Level 4-in-1/12-in-1 IGBT Modules. ACPL-339J/332J Gate Driver with DESAT Protection
• ST SiC MOSFET SCT30N120. ACPL-H342 Gate Driver and ACPL-C797/796J Sigma-Delta Modulator
• Mitsubishi “Mega Power Dual” Series IGBT modules. CM1800DY 1800A/1700V. ACPL-339J Gate Driver with DESAT Protection
• Altera Multi-Axis Motor Control Series. ACPL-798J Sigma-Delta Modulator with LVDS interface. ACPL-W61L 10MBd Digital I/O logic isolation
40 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
Tutorial Webinars
光电耦合隔离放大器在光伏发电系统中的灵活应用
双路输出的智能IGBT
驱动光耦 ACPL-339J
碳化硅功率器件(SiC
MOSFET)门驱动光耦
设计完整和极具成本效益的门驱动方案
车规级光耦ACPL-32JT
驱动三相全桥IGBT模块
http://www.avagotech.com/support/resources/video-webinar-library#webinars
41 Broadcom Limited Proprietary and Confidential. © 2016 Broadcom Limited. All rights reserved. |
More Technical Evaluation Tools
• Spice Models
• Power and Thermal Modeling User inputs per application requirements
Datasheet specifications
Calculated outputs
Parameters Symbol Unit Value Comments
LED Driving Current ILED mA 16
LED Forward Voltage VF V 1.95 Datasheet Max
Average LED Switching Duty Cycle Duty % 80% Application Average
LED Power Dissipation Pe W 0.02496 = ILED * VF * Duty
Maximum Input IC Supply Current ICC1 mA 6 Application
Input IC Supply Voltage VCC1 V 5.5 Datasheet recommended Max
Input IC Power Dissipation Pi W 0.033 = ICC1 * VCC1
Output IC Supply Voltage VCC2 V 30 Datasheet
Maximum Output IC Supply Current ICC2max mA 7.5 Datasheet Max
MOSFET Gate Charge at Supply Voltage Qg uC 1 IGBT Datasheet per application or = VCC2 * Cg
LED Switching Frequency fpwm KHz 10 Application
Absolute Maximum Output Current Iomax A 4 Datasheet
Minimum High Side Output Impedance Rds,ohmin Ohm 0.5 Datasheet
Minimum Low Side Output Impedance Rds,olmin Ohm 0.2 Datasheet
Minimum Gate Resistance charging Rghmin Ohm 7 = ( VCC2 - VEE ) / Iomax - Rd,soh(min)
Minimum Gate Resistance charging Rglmin Ohm 7.3 = ( VCC2 - VEE ) / Iomax - Rd,sol(min)
Gate Charging/Discharging Resistance Rg Ohm 7.3 >= Rghmin || Rglmin
Maximum High Side Output Impedance Rds,ohmax Ohm 4.50 Datasheet Max
Maximum Low Side Output Impedance Rds,olmax Ohm 3.60 Datasheet Max
High Side Switching Power Dissipation Phs mW 57.20 = (VCC2*Qg*fpwm) * Rds,ohmax / (Rds,ohmax + Rg)/2
Low Side Switching Power Dissipation Pls mW 49.54 = (VCC2*Qg*fpwm) * Rds,olmax / (Rds,olmax + Rg)/2
Output IC Power Dissipation Po W 0.3317 =VCC2*ICC2max + Phs+Pls
Thermal Coefficient Between
LED and Input IC Aei °C/W 35.4
LED and Output IC Aeo °C/W 33.1
Input and Output IC Aio °C/W 25.6
LED and Ambient Aea °C/W 176.1
Input IC and Ambient Aia °C/W 92
Output IC and Ambient Aoa °C/W 76.7
Ambient temperature Ta °C 95 Application measurement
LED Junction Temperature Te °C 111.5 Te = AeaPe + AeiPi + Aeo Po + Ta
Input IC Junction Temperature Ti °C 107.4 Ti = AeiPe + AiaPi + Aio Po + Ta
Output IC Junction Temperature To °C 122.1 To = AeoPe + AioPi + Aoa Po + Ta
Absolute Max. Junction Temperature for LED and IC Tj °C 125 Datasheet
ACPL-337J
• IGBT Gate Current Calculator
Download: http://www.avagotech.com/products/optocouplers/spicemodels/
Contact Broadcom FAE for this
tool.
Contact Broadcom FAE for this
tool.
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Technical Response Contacts
• Broadcom online technical support: http://www.avagotech.cn/pages/contact/request_tech_support/
• Asia-Pac Technical Response Centers:
• China/HK: +86-755-82072628;
• Taiwan: +886-2-87712290;
• To find out more about Broadcom Optocouplers: http://www.avagotech.com/pages/en/optocouplers_plastic/
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