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PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITIONIt gives the author and the editor immensepleasure in presenting the Second edition withall marked improvements over the previousone. Basically the main idea of publishing thismagazine is to create a sense of research andscience in the young technocrats. This is alsokept in mind that the way of lucidness is muchclear in approach. It covers articles-Biomedical, Solar, Embedded and many moreassociated fields. The author would also like tothank the readers(both teachers and students)who sent their valuable suggestions thatbecame the basis for the revision of thismagazine.

The author would also like to appreciate thesincere efforts and contribution made by hisstudent Praveen G Nair in presentation of thisnew form.

Lastly, but not the least, the author is thankfulto Rahul Sharma for bringing this magazine intime.

September,2014 Pradeep Kumar Jaisal

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Research and

Development

Cell.The Research and Development cell

(SSIPMT) works to implement the

innovative ideas from the idea pool,

which are contributed by R & D cell

members. This cell performs a research

into challenges present around us in our

lives to come up with promising

solutions and to implement them.

This is the second edition and so We

expect this magazine would help you in

view of your technical mission. Any

mistake in the entire content is deeply

regreted.We welcome your opinions and

suggestions regarding the betterment of

this magazine. You can mail us regarding

any queries.

First edition- Jan 2014

Second Edition-Sep 2014

Mail to:

C/O Mr.Pradeep Jaisal,Head coordinator

Research and Development Cell.

Pradeep_Jaisal@yahoo.co.in

Praveeng.nair@yahoo.in

EDITORIAL BOARDMr.Rahul Sharma

Mr.Rohit Nair

Ms.Aarchi Agrawal

Mr.Puru Agrawal

Ms.Srijani Biswas

PATRONS

Shri Nishant Tripathi, Chairman

SSIPMT,BOG (SGES)

Dr.M.L Dewangan,Director SSIPMT

Dr.Alok Jain,Principal SSIPMT

ADVISORY BOARD

MEMBERS

Prof.Pankaj Mishra,HOD,ET Dept.

Mr.Pradeep Jaisal,Asst.Prof.ET Dept

Mr.Piyush Mishra,Asst.Prof.ET Dept.

Mr.Dharmendra Singh,Asst.Prof.ET

TECHNICAL PANEL

Mr.Shailesh Prajapati,Technician

Mr.Vinod Sahu,Technician

EDITOR

Mr. Praveen G Nair

PUBLICITY

Mr.Hemant Khushwaha

Md.Anwar khan

Ms.Ashwani Santawani

Ms.Nausheen Khan

Ms.Aishwarya Bondre

Mr.Vivek Verma

Mr.Akshyat Tapayksh

3

Message from the Desk

Research Articles

Innov-it Now

Know IT tools

Puzzle time

Gallery

“The secret to creativity is knowing how to hide your

sources”

-Albert Einstein

4

ME

SSA

GE

“Technology is a

revolutionary

tool,having the power

to construct and

destruct.Thus science is

what a student needs

for constructing a life”Dr.M.L Dewangan

Director,SSIPMT

Shri Nishant Tripathi

Chairman,SSIPMT

BOG (SGES)

“A fruit laden tree

always bows

downwards. We

want the trees,

nurtured by us, to

be rich and

qualitative. Humility

and empathy need

to be cultivated.

And, this is our

ultimate aim”.

Dr.Alok Jain

Principal,SSIPMT

“Innovation is

what every field

expect from a

technocrat,and

we live in a

society totally

dependent on

science and

technology”

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Research

Articles

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EOG is a recording technique that allows the standing potential

between the cornea and the posterior pole of the eye to be recorded.

The whole process of measurement of EOG is known as

Electrooculography. This gives a review on Electrooculography and

its use in various HCI systems. Detection of eye blinks from EOG

signal has also been included in this review work Using electro-

oculography (EOG), two types of eye-gaze interfaces have been

developed; "EOG Pointer" and "EOG Switch". The former enables a

user to move a computer cursor or to control a machine using only

eye-gaze, regardless of drifting signal and blinking artifacts. In

contrast, the latter output an ON/OFF signal only. Although it has the

least simple function, it enables every user easily to turn ON/OFF a

nurse-call device or to send one bit signal to a personal computer

with high stability and reliability.

The EOG Pointer consists of three modules; an EOG recording unit,

a signal processor and a display unit . Disposable solid-gel electrodes

connected to pinch-clip leads were attached to the right and left

temples of a subject and to the forehead as a reference . Set a

biopotential amplifier as DC mode, the EOG was amplified, and

sampled to a computer through 12-bits analog I/O board with 200 Hz

sampling frequency. Using EOG data that was collected by the EOG

recording unit, the signal processor computes the direction of the

user's eye gaze after the certain calibration mentioned shortly. A

pointer on a computer monitor was then displayed to show the user's

eye-gazing point in real time. At this moment, the individual's head

was fixed into a chin-rest stabilizing apparatus because head

movement leads to recording artifact. However, we have

incorporated a head motion capturing system into the EOG Pointer,

and it has become successful to allow for greater freedom of

movement for the subject . 7

The above trials demonstrated how the EOG Pointer was useful as aneye-gaze interface if drifting signal and blinking artifacts wereproperly handled. The clinical trials of the EOG Pointer, however,reached the different conclusion. Subjects in the clinical trial, whosuffered from ASL or muscular dystrophy, were not so interested incursor control. Although the EOG Pointer has higher reliability, manyof subjects needed something more reliable and simple. Probably thisis the case of “Less is More” slogan . According to this slogan, everysingle element in a user interface places some additional burden onthe user in terms of having to consider whether to use that element.Having fewer options will often mean better usability because theusers can concentrate on understanding those fewer options. TheEOG Pointer is relatively simple and reliable comparing to other eye-gaze interfaces, it is still redundant for patients in a real world.Therefore, my research group switched our design concept to developthe simple version of the EOG Pointer, called “EOG Switch”.

Reviewed by:

Neha Chhabda

IT Batch 2011

Member R&d Cell

SSIPMT,Raipur.D

Do you know- Flame, a malware

that attacks computers using

Microsoft Windows, is discovered.

Flame also has a kill command,

wiping out all traces of it from the

computer.

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7 hidden features

1).Your Omni box is a Calculator

Omni box in Google Chrome

As you may or may not know, Google will calculate basic math in thesearch bar. However, did you know that you can access a similar mathfunction in your omnibox without ever going to Google.com? Just type ina basic math problem and the correct answer will appear in thesuggestions below the omnibox without pressing enter (as you have todo on Google.com).

2).Your Omni box Is a Unit Converter

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Your omnibox can also perform Google-like unit conversions without going toGoogle. As with the calculator, the correct answer will appear in the suggestionsbelow without ever hitting enter. As you type, Chrome will automaticallyconvert your number into a unit that you may or may not want. So, if you type"9 inches," Chrome may automatically suggest conversion rate to centimeters.

3) A Simple Image Browser

Have you ever been organizing your computer and come across some jpeg andyou have no idea what it is or how it got on your computer? Well if you justwant to see what it is real quick, you can just drag it directly into your Chromebrowser window and take a quick gander.

4) Drag to search

Why CROME?

In design terminology, ‘chrome’ refers to the non-webpage parts of the browser's interface–

–the toolbars, tabs and buttons. This is part of the reason ‘Chrome’ was chosen as the

browser name.

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Highlighting a word and performing a drag and drop is fundamentally the same asperforming a cut and paste, so it stands to reason that you could just highlight aword or phrase and drag it into the omnibox to perform a Web search.

5) Navigate Up and Down Using Key Commands

You can use the spacebar to scroll down on any webpage, and you can scroll back up by pressing Shift and the spacebar.

6) Open Accidentally Closed Tabs

Have you ever mistakenly closed a tab? We all have. BUT thankfully Chrome is aforgiving browser and makes it possible to get it all back. All you have to do is pressControl-Shift-T (Command-Shift-T on a Mac) and Chrome will reopen any recentlyclosed tabs.

7)A Lot of Information Hidden in That Omnibox

You may have also noticed on the far left of your omnibar a little icon thatresembles a folded piece of paper or lock (to signify a secured site). If you click onit, it will prompt a window with all sorts of information about the site as well aspermissions particular to that site, which you can then manipulate.

Reviewed by:

Shubhankar MukherjeeCSE Batch -2011

SSIPMT,Raipur

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Carbon Nanotubes-

A Wonder Technology

Overview:

In today’s world of practical applications we are familiar with the fact that carbon nanotubes

(CNTs) have the potential to be a wonder technology.

They take the form of cylindrical carbon molecules and have novel properties that make

them potentially useful in a wide variety of applications in nanotechnology, electronics,

optics and other fields of materials science. They exhibit extraordinary strength and unique

electrical properties, and are efficient conductors of heat.

Basically there are two distinct kinds of nanotubes :

• Single wall (SWNT)

•Multi wall (MWNT)

A CNT is a seamless cylinder of either one or many layers of graphene, or in simple words

they are a nano structure just like a drinking straw. Hence are the term single or multi wall.

Typically, MWNTs are being used in practical applications. SWNTs are mostly are much

more expensive, although they hold out huge potential for the future. MWNTs has proved

out to be a huge success because of its worldwide commercial production capacity

presently exceeds several thousand tons per year. According to the data provided by

Cambridge University’s institute of manufacturing. What makes CNTs distinctive in its

properties are its features as they are ideal for supporting different kinds of structures – for

example, in sports equipments, in rockets, airplanes, heavy vehicles, body armour and

building materials, where they are being widely used. The nanotubes create networks within

a composite material to bear the load of the weight and strain placed upon it. CNTs are

quiet well established in their addition to polymer composites to enhance stiffness and

improve damping.

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With enhancement in technology we are moving towards an era of flexible electronics

where CNTs has infinite potential to bring revolution. They are also used in the field of

medical science and bionics.Coming towards the single walled nanotubes (SWNTs).These

are quite different in properties as compared to the MWNTs. The use of SWNTs is less but

surprisingly progress is now happening with SWNTs, with UK company Thomas Swan

being a world leader in making SWNTs with its “Elicarb material”, now being used in areas

like advanced composites, electronic devices. Moving forward we find that these tubes are

replacing the traditional silicon computers. One of the interesting things happening is the

improvement in computer simulations of how CNTs are synthesized, which will hopefully

enable us to tweak the fabrication process.Because the nanotubes are long and thin, they

have high Vander Walls forces between them and stick together. These can be separated

using ultrasound waves. But this may damagethem. But overall there are immense use of

CNTs. There properties include a thermal conductivity higher than diamond, a much more

greater mechanical strength than steel –orders of magnitude by weight and better electrical

conductivity than copper.There is immense to talk about this wonderful technology. And, in

a few years time, billions of carbon nanotubes may be on our desks and in our pockets.

Lighter-Body-Armor-for-

Soldiers-Made-of-Carbon-

Nanotubes.

Reviewed by;

Khyati GhaiET Batch 2012

SSIPMT,Raipur13

Voice Activated Mobile

CalculatorABSTRACT:

The technology that is available in this present era in a mobile calculator is

of the form of typing each and every digit to obtain result. This method of

typing may cause human errors and this may lead to time consumption. In

this paper we address several issues that are imperative to mobile

calculation. We address these issues by embedding the upcoming

technology. This facilitates a new form of human -mobile interaction. We

embedded a voice recognition system in the mobile phone which will

recognize the human commands for operations and performs calculation.

This capability leads to a new form of synergy between human and mobile.

Reviewed by

Srijani Biswas

IT Batch 2011

Research & Development Cell,SSIPMT

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Voice recognition systemA microphone for receiving audible

inputs consisting of numbers and

operative words and converting said

audible inputs to electric signals. A

speech analyzer is coupled to

microphone for converting electrical

signals from microphone into digital

words. An electronic memory

representing the numbers and operative

words. An electronic comparator is

coupled to speech analyzer for

receiving digital words and for

comparing digital words to digitized

words stored in electronic memory

comparator. Processing means

controlling the comparison of each

digital words to digitized words such

that comparator produces a digital

number corresponding to an address

location in electronic memory for a

digitized word that matches a digital

word generated by speech analyzer.

Execution means for executing said

audible inputs and displaying the result

on display screen.The microphone

reacts to the words uttered by the

persons which are in the form of

analog signal. The microphone

converts the analog signal into the

electrical signal. The voice

recognition system connected to the

microphone is constructed in such a

way that the signal produced by the

microphone representing certain

operation command(such as “one”,

“two”, “add”, “multiply”, etc) is

converted into digital pulses. The voice

recognition system response to

selective words only. The comparator

is connected with the memory by

means of bus. In the memory

location a group of digital words are

stored, with each group

corresponding with a word,

registered by a program and present

in a digital shape, word representing

one of operation command

mentioned. The comparator is used

to compare the output of the voice

recognition system which are in the

digital shape and the words stored in

the memory location which is also in

the form of digital form. If they

match that word is taken by the

processor as a input and perform

calculations according to the input

given and produces the result which

will display on the screen.

By this means, the time consumption

for pressing the numbers will be

reduced. The manual process also

decreases and thus it decreases the

human strain.

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Thermoelectric Generators Turning Waste Heat into Usable Electrical Energy

In the present global

situation,energy conservation is of

utmost importance. Keeping

Newton’s Third law in mind i.e

“Energy can neither be created nor

destroyed;it can only be

transformed from one form to

another”,One option that

prominently comes into picture

now a days is “Waste Heat to

Power”.Waste heat from power

generation plants is being used for

further power generation for quite

some time now,but there are some

additional materials which generate

power due to some material

phenomenon,These materials are

called ‘Thermoelectric Materials’

and the phenomenon on which

these materials work is “Seebeck

Effect”.

Seebeck Effect/Thermoelectric

Effect

In 1821,Thomas John Seebeck, a

German physicist,discovered that a

thermal gradient formed between

two dissimilar conductors

produces a voltage.The

temperature difference between

two conducting materials results in

heat flow; this results in diffusion

of charge carriers.The flow of

charge carriers between hot and

cold junction in turn generates a

voltage which can be stored in a

battery.The thermoelectric

materials form ‘Thermoelectric

generators’, or TEGs

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How do TEGs Actually work?

TEGs depend upon a temperature

difference to generate power.One side

of TEG needs to be hot and the other

to be cold.This temperature difference

makes the electrons on the “hot” side

vibrate more vigorously so they tend

to move towards the colder side

where the electrons are moving more

slowly.This gives rise to a current that

can be tapped off as electricity.TEGs

produce a current proportional to

temperature difference provided.

The basic arrangement for a

TEG (Basically a Seebeck

effect demonstration)

Reviewed by:

Praveen G Nair

ET&T Batch 2011

Member IEEE

Research & Development Cell,SSIPMT

Domestic Application

17

N

O

w

INN V- It

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Abstract:A growing need of modern energy is

alternarive fossil fuel or souce of

energy.A bio battery is an energy

storing device that is powered by

organic compounds.Bio –battery

generates electricity from renewable

fuels (glucose,Sucrose,fructose etc)

providing a sustained,on-demand

portable power source.When

enzymes in our body break down

glucose,several elctrons and protons

are released.Therefore,by using

enzymes to break down glucose,bio

batteries directly receive energy

from glucose.These batteries then

store this energy for later use.

This concept is almost identical to

how both plants and many animals

obtain energy.

Construction:To make this, an anode which is a

plastic coated copper wire attached

to a strip of carbon felt.The wire/felt

junction is then liberally covered in

epoxy to minimize contzct between

metal and the electrolyte.Finally,a

layer of polyurethane is coated on

the conducting paint layer and

allowed to air-dry for 24 hrs,forming

a water proof membrane on the

cathode.This external,electrically

conductive layer serves as an air

cathode.A 22 guage titanium wire is

tightly wrapped around each pot to

connect the cathode to an external

circuit.

Bio-Battery

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Operation:The anodes of the bio batteries are

inoculated with electrically active

bacteria(EAB) present in an

electrolyte solution taken from an

existing microbial fuel cell which

itself had been enriched for

electrically acive bacteria present

within the top 20cm layer of

sediment.Anode and cathode

potential of theterracotta bio battery

at different currents are obtained by

also varying the resistance across the

battery.

Applications:Bio batteries are environmentally

friendly as they don’t use harmful

chemicals or metals.Scientists seem

to be exploroing every possible

option in bio-battery and fuel cell

technology.Portable charging(Cell

phone and solider powder),Medical

implant(Insulin,pace maker),Toys

and greeting cards,Disaster

relief(Generators and remote

powder) are some of the

applications.

Reviewed By:

Rohit Nair

IEEE Student Coordinator

ET&T Batch 2011

Reserch and Development Cell

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Do it Your Self:

Stirling EngineRecently Stirling engines are

talked about widely to convert

low grade heat to rotary motion

and finally in to electricity.It can

work on even temperature

difference of human body and

atmosphere.With this you can

imagine what would be the

potential of such instruments.All

we need to make it at home is

scrap and some basic tools.

1)Take two coke cans and cut

itfrom bottom and also cut the

inner lid of top portion.Make it

burr free.

2)The Diaphragm is made up of

balloon with cut neck.Spread the

balloon around the top cut

section of the coke tin.Put a

square inch rubber piece and glue

it on the balloon.

Pierce a hole at the centre for a

displacer(piston) wire.put the pin

till the wireis placed in the hole to

make it apparently air tight.

3)Take a piece of bottle cap and

drill a hole exactly opposite on

the collar and cut the piece in

curved shape.

4)Now take the balloon wrapped

tin and reverse the diagraphragm

on the inner ring so that the pins

points outside the tin and the

rubber piece glued initially goes

inside.Now apply glue on the

periphery of the tin to fix the

balloon.

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5)Now take asimilar cane and drill

hole at the upper side of the can

and cutawindow for inside view of

appropriate size.

6) Now take two electrical

connectors and a stiff copper

wire.And make a arrangement as

shown in the crank picture.

7) Now take two spoke bearing

which you can get in bike shop

and try to put the wire used for

crank arrangement inside the

holes.If doesn’t fit then drill the

hole of fitting size.Now make a

displacer with wire mesh wrap by

putting a wire string at the centre

of the hole.Put this displacer

arrangement in side the bottom

cut in.Now take the cut bottom

cut portion of the tin and put it

inverted in the tin where the

displacer arrangement is put

up.Make sure the balloon is on

the opposite side of this newly

added portion.

8) Now make a push rod which

connects balloon diaphragm to

the crank.The push rod can be

made as shown in push rod figure

9) Now its time to make a

flywheel.usually CD can be useful

for such application.You can take a

wooden brush fitted into the CD

hole centred at the crank middle

wirecomming out of the tin.(refer

point 8).

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10)Now take the last can which will be a bit bigger than coke tin and

cut it in two half with small drills on the bottom.Fix the previous

assembly into the newly cut can.This can acts as the heat distributer

for the arrangement.Now your Engine is ready.

Basic Concept:

It is based on the stirling engine which has the closest efficiency to

carnot as claimed.

Applications:

Numerous applications mainly related to the low grade heat

utlilization,like mentioned earlier even tempereature difference of

human palm and atmosphere can run the engine.Major applications

are direct utilization in many non conventional systems like thermal

gasifiers,Solar heating equipments,waste heat in many power plants

can be easily trapped for the power generation again.

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Energy AuditWhat and how?

Energy audit is the initial activity towards instituting

a comprehensive energy management program in an

enterprise or establishment or a facility-be it

industry,office,a building or home. Energy Audit can

be termed as a formal,in-depth review of a facility

undertaken as a professional study by competent

specialists in the field of energy, to develop and

evaluate ideas for improving energy

efficiency.Energy audit should be done by non-

experts,in a casual way with inaccurate data

collection,incomplete analysis and vague

recommendations.

-Mr.Pradeep Jaisal

Asst.Professor ET Dept.

Research and Development Head

SSIPMT.

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Know tools Apache Hadoop is an open-source software framework for

storage and large-scale processing of data-sets on clusters ofcommodity hardware. Hadoop is an Apache top-levelproject being built and used by a global community ofcontributors and users.It is licensed under the ApacheLicense 2.0.

The Apache Hadoop framework is composed of the followingmodules:

Hadoop Common – contains libraries and utilities needed by otherHadoop modules.

Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) – a distributed file-systemthat stores data on commodity machines, providing very highaggregate bandwidth across the cluster.

Hadoop YARN – a resource-management platform responsible formanaging compute resources in clusters and using them forscheduling of users' applications.

Hadoop MapReduce – a programming model for large scale dataprocessing.

All the modules in Hadoop are designed with a fundamentalassumption that hardware failures (of individual machines, orracks of machines) are common and thus should be automaticallyhandled in software by the framework. Apache Hadoop'sMapReduce and HDFS components originally derived respectivelyfrom Google's MapReduce and Google File System (GFS) papers.

YARN stands for "Yet Another Resource Negotiator" and wasadded later as part of Hadoop 2.0. YARN takes the resourcemanagement capabilities that were in MapReduce and packagesthem so they can be used by new engines. This also streamlinesMapReduce to do what it does best, process data. With YARN,you can now run multiple applications in Hadoop, all sharing acommon resource management.

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SAP HANA, shortly"High-Performance Analytic Appliance"

is an in-memory, column-oriented, relational database

management system developed and marketed by SAP SE. It is

massively parallel, thus exploiting the maximum out of

multicore processors and subsequently enabling very fast

query execution. In 2008, teams from SAP SE working

with Hasso Plattner Institute and Stanford

University demonstrated an application architecture for real-

time analytics and aggregation, mentioned as "Hasso's New

Architecture" in SAP executive Vishal Sikka's blog. Before the

name HANA settled in, people referred to this product as

New Database. In January 2013, SAP enterprise resource

planning software from its Business Suite was announced for

HANA, and became available by May.In May 2013, a software

as a service offering called the HANA Enterprise Cloud

service was announced.

SAP HANA converges database and application platform

capabilities in-memory to transform transactions, analytics,

text analysis, predictive and spatial processing so businesses

can operate in real-time.

The SAP HANA database configuration enables answering

queries in seconds and can even execute parallel searches

simultaneously, thus this technology has now become a

breakthrough.

The developers of HANA were SAP SE (Systems

Applications Products in Data Processing) which is a

European multinational software corporation that

makes enterprise software to manage business operations and

customer relations. Headquartered in Walldorf, Baden-

Württemberg, Germany, with regional offices around the

world.

HANA declared the stable release on May 31,2014.

Visit www.saphana.com for more reference26

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IEEE Student Branch

Inauguration and Launch of

“TECHNOMANTRA”.

HALL Of FAME

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GALLERY

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Aarohan Tech Fest 2014

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