Technical University in ZvolenFaculty of Ecology and Environmental Science

Department of Environmental engineering

The role of environmental management to protect the environment and evaluate the impact of aluminum

production in Tajikistan

Oqil Rasulov, Marián Schwarz

Tajikistan

Sarez lake:Depth – 505 m; Surface elevation- 3,263 m; surface area- 79.7 km²

TALCO- Tajik Aluminum Company is located in Tursunzoda

The main product is a primary aluminum.

Every year exported about 98% of primary aluminum.

Design capacity - 517,000 tons per year

The factory employs more than 12,000 people.

TALCO- Tajik Aluminum Company

The main activity of TALCO are: Production of primary

aluminum;

Production raw materials which are necessary for production aluminum;

Producing products of aluminum.

Bauxite mining

Electrolysis aluminium

Dust (particulate matter)

Red (brown)mud

rejected anodes, Cryolite, another raw

Finished (semi-fabricated) products

Recycling aluminium

Raw materials

Waste (sludge)

Alumina production (imprted)

Red (brown)mud

Anode production

Anodes butts,Rejected anodes

recycling

West processing - 1730 tons/month. (%)

-350 tons bauxite;-140 tons electrolytes;-400 tons anodes.

Scheme of Aluminum production

anode butts, coke dust, lining scrap, coal foam, sludge, etc.

Anode production

Waste disposal Secondary

waste processing

The Initially project limits for all emissions in the atmosphere for "Tajik Aluminum Company" was provided amount of 37 thousand tons / Year, at which the concentration of pollutant substances must not exceed the MPC. At the Beginning of 2010, Committee of Environment according to the project temporarily agreed emissions, permitted number of all emissions for the "Tajik Aluminum Company" is 26 thousand tons/ Year, which is much smaller than the first project.

Tajik Aluminum Company according to the inventory of emission sources, emits 19 substances:

the basic emissions of the plant is (80%) carbon monoxide.

The main sources of emissions are: the production of aluminum and anodes.

In sanitary protection zones take samples from air, water, soil, vegetation for the determination: fluoro gas (F2), sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, and other chemical substances.• annually - samples: - In workplace - 4600 times - Within a radius of 10 km, in border of the Republic of Uzbekistan - 2450 times - Water samples - 300 times.

Air sampling water sampling

Environmetal monitoring

Environmental monitoring   the monitoring is running by

laboratory of TALCO approved in accordance with the daily schedule.

  Also, such a monitoring is regularly

conducted by Committee of environmental Protection under the Republic of Tajikistan.  

This monitoring is control by the Public Health Surveillance.

Environmental management.The company has certificated by international standards:

Distance from the aluminum source

/km

Place of collection HF F2 F- (fluoride) SO2 NO2

MPC ( 8 hours ) 0,005 0,02 1,0 10,0 5,0

0

The area 7 and 8. workshop (electrolysis)

- 0,00120,00380,005

0.58 3,844,213,0

0,40,420,4

  MPC ( 24 hours ) 0,005 0,02 0,03 0,5 0,085

1 Shirkent 0,0027   0,0029 0,003 0,003

5 Yangiturmush 0,0026   0.0029 0,0031 0,0076

<10

I. mikrorayon - 0,00280,0016

0.003 0,00570,0067

0,00460,0067

12

State border with Uzbekistanom

0,0028 0,00110,002

0,002 0,0020,001

0,00150,0013

Results of laboratory tests of air samples

distance(km)

0,5 0,5 0,8 1,0 2,0 2,0 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 8,0

YearsKishlak Shirkent

Kishlak Bogbon

Kishlak Seshanb

e

Kishlak Chikalov

a

Kishlak Zarbado

r

Kishlak Tashkal

ak

Kishlak Jachshio

bod

GPTU №59

post TadAZa

Tursunzade

Centrum k-z

name. Nazirov

2001 0,005 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,003 0,002 0,001 0,001 0,001 0,002 0,0012002 0,004 0,002 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,001 0,001 0,002 0,0012003 0,004 0,002 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,004 0,002 0,002 0,003 0,003 0,0022004 0,004 0,002 0,002 0,003 0,002 0,004 0,002 0,002 0,004 0,002 0,0022005 0,004 0,003 0,003 0,004 0,003 0,003 0,004 0,003 0,005 0,002 0,0032006 0,005 0,002 0,002 0,003 0,003 0,002 0,003 0,002 0,006 0,002 0,0022007 0,004 0,003 0,002 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,002 0,002 0,003 0,0022008 0,005 0,003 0,002 0,002 0,003 0,002 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,0022009 0,005 0,003 0,002 0,003 0,003 0,004 0,003 0,002 0,003 0,003 0,0022010 0,005 0,003 0,004 0,003 0,003 0,004 0,004 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,0022011 0,005 0,003 0,004 0,003 0,003 0,004 0,004 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,0022012 0,005 0,003 0,004 0,003 0,003 0,004 0,004 0,003 0,003 0,003 0,002

Annual average of concentration of HF (in mg · m-3) at 11 sample sites.

MPC ( 24 hours )0,005

The value of investment/year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

2013(9 months)

mil. Somoni (tj) 14,5 17,5 19,4 28,4 29,1 30,1 32 31,2 30,7

mil. EUR (sk) 2,3 2,8 3,1 4,5 4,6 4,7 5,0 4,9 4,8

The value of investments TALCO for environmental purposes in 2005-2013

№ n/n

denomination 

 unit

Years

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

1 aluminium raw ton 381 751 416 000 421 450 402 003 361 239 350 921

280 813

275 033 218 477

2 Primary aluminum ton 379 630 413 800 419 060 399 450 359 386 348

845278 364

272 506 216 369

3 baked anodes ton 234 323 249 410 259 562 251 642 233 184 232 069

195 128

194 482 150 016

The value of aluminum production

Annual average concentration of HF in the air at different distances from the company (MPC = 0.005 mg · m-3 for HF), 2003-2013

№ name distance from factory1 Tortula ferganesis lasar 6 km. south - east2 Ungernia victori 5 km east3 Iskandera Hissarisa 40 km north - east4 Sprzginia pilosa 15 km. south5 Crocus korolkowii 15 km south6 Astragalus... 20 km. east7 Astragalus tashkutanski 5 km north - east8 Allium lipskzanum 5 km. west9 Allium stipitatum 10 km. north

10 Eremurus candidus Vved 15 km. east11 Eremurus tadshikorum Vved 10 km. south12 Tulipa lanata 20 km.south13 Tulipa praestans Hoog 15 km. east14 Ficus carica 10 km. south

The list of rare and endangered plants in the Red Book of Republic of Tajikistan under the impact of factory.

№ Name class1 Hierodula tenuidentaa Insecta

2 Carabus hissarianus Insecta3 Acosmeryx naga hissarica Insecta

5 Eumeces schneideri Reptilia6Eryx tataricus Reptilia7 Naja oxiana Reptilia

8Neophron pencnopterus aves9Gypaetus barbatus aves

10Aguila pennata aves

11 sucus etruscus Mamalia12 Hystrix leucura Mamalia13 Lutra lutra Mamalia

The list of rare and endangered animals in the Red Book of Republic of Tajikistan under the impact of factory.

The evaluation of the ecological status of the district by residents

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