technical pump applications pump selection fall-2010...can pump variable flow without a vfd. must be...
TRANSCRIPT
TECHNICAL PUMP APPLICATIONS AND
HANDS-ON MAINTENANCEFOR
WATER & WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANTSTREATMENT PLANTS
An MWEA Maintenance Committee Seminar
LIQUID TYPES AND CHARACTERISTICS:
Liquid Type Solids% Viscosity
Potable 0.0% . Low
Raw Primary .5 to 5.0 LowRaw Primary .5 to 5.0 Low
Secondary .3 to 4.0 Low
Chemical 1.0 to 10.0 Low/High
Stabilized .5 to 10.0 Low/High
Dewatered 10.0 to 40.0 High
PUMP SELECTION CRITERIA:
PIPING ARRANGEMENT
TOTAL DYNAMIC HEAD
SOLIDSSOLIDS
MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
PROPERTIES OF THE FLUID
MODE OF OPERATION
PROCESS CONSIDERATIONS
PUMP CLASSES & DESIGNSPUMP CLASSES & DESIGNS
END SUCTION/HORIZONTAL/VERTICAL (CLOSE COUPLED or FRAME MOUNTED)
CENTRIFUGAL
(CLOSE COUPLED or FRAME MOUNTED)
INCLUDES SUBMERSIBLE (WET & DRY PIT)
VERTICAL TURBINES
SPLIT CASE
CENTRIFUGAL IMPELLER PUMPS
PROS CONS NEUTRAL
FLOW:UP TO 100,000 GPM SHEAR SENSITIVE: YES
SCUM: YES AND/OR NO
HEADS: UP TO 250’ LEAKAGE: YES
SOLIDS: UP TO 10” DIA. ODORS: YES
ABRASIVES: YES SUCTION LIFT: NO
“Cutwater”
or ABRASIVES: YES SUCTION LIFT: NO
SLURRIES: 4-5% SOLIDS MAXIMUM
EFFICIENCY: LOW TO HIGH
RAGS & DEBRIS: YES COST: HIGH
WEAR: EXCELLENT
LUBRICATION: INFREQUENT
EXTERNAL VALVES: NONE REQUIRED
RUN DRY: YES & NO
or “Tongue”
Rotation creates velocity
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Various impeller designs
Single vane impeller
Multi vane impeller
Single vane impeller
Vortex impeller
Non - clogging impeller (2 or 3 vane)Raw sewageIndustrial waster waterActive & Return sludgeStorm waterBEP 86 %Free passage = / > 3 ”
Centrifugal Impellers
for Waste Water Application
Vortex Vortex -- impellerimpellerRaw sewage with large Raw sewage with large solids,solids,long fibrous admixture long fibrous admixture and and entrained or dissolved entrained or dissolved gassesgassesBEP 58 %BEP 58 %Free passage = / > 3 Free passage = / > 3 ””
SingleSingle--vane impeller vane impeller Raw sewage with large Raw sewage with large solidssolidsand fibrous material and fibrous material Digested sludgeDigested sludge
Return sludgeReturn sludgeBEP 75 %BEP 75 %Free passage = / > 3 Free passage = / > 3 ””
Configurations are engineeredConfigurations are engineeredto match your needsto match your needs
Submersible Wet & Dry Pit PumpsSubmersible Wet & Dry Pit Pumps
WET PITSUBMERSIBLE PUMPModel: KRTSince: 1961Major Redesign: 1993Design Review: 1995
DRY PIT SUBMERSIBLEModel: KRTBSince: 1982Major Redesign: 1993Design Review: 1995
Recessed Cupped Impeller
Creates a vortex, solids do not pass through the impeller
Turbine Pumps
Let’s look
Vertical Turbine Pumps
Let’s look
inside the bowl:
Horizontal Split Case Pump
Horizontal Split Case Pump
Chopper
PumpPump
CONFIGURATIONS
E-SERIES CHOPPER PUMPS
Externally adjustable
back pull-out design
All hardened
chopper
components
Oil lubricated
Ball bearings
Flushless
mechanical seal
BACK PULL-OUT DESIGN
No need to disconnect
from piping
Externally adjustable
back pull-outback pull-out
Adjust ALL cutting
clearances externally
FLUSHLESS SEAL OPTION
Helpful Links:www.pumpfundamentals.com/pump_glossary.htm
www.educypedia.be/education/mechanicsjavapumps.htm
www.animatedsoftware.com/pumpglos/forcepum.htm
www.maintenanceresources.com/index.html
www.omega.com/
www.machinerylubrication.com/www.machinerylubrication.com/
www.mt-online.com/
www.waterandwastewater.com/
www.reliableplant.com/
www.engineersedge.com/
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT
PUMP CLASSES & DESIGNSPUMP CLASSES & DESIGNS
PLUNGERPLUNGER
PROGRESSING CAVITY
ROTARY LOBE
DIAPHRAGM
DOUBLE DISC
PERISTALTIC
POSITIVEDIISPLACEMENT
Piston/Plunger
Pump
Check valve
Pump Body
Piston
Hydraulic Drive Piston Pump
PLUNGERPLUNGER--PISTON PUMPSPISTON PUMPSPROS CONS NEUTRAL
HEADS: UP TO 150 PSI, 346’ SCUM: NO FLOW: UP TO 500 GPM
WEAR: GOOD RAGS & DEBRIS: NO SOLIDS: YES
RUN DRY: YES SHEAR SENSITIVE: YES ABRASIVES: YES
SUCTION LIFT: YES LUBRICATION: ONCE A WEEK
SLURRIES: YES WEEK
EFFICIENCY: GOOD EXTERNAL VALVES: YES
LEAKAGE: YES
ODORS: YES
COST: HIGH
Inlet
Rotor and Stator
Discharge
Progressive
Cavity
Pump
PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMPSPROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMPS
PROS CONS NEUTRAL
FLOW: UP TO 2,200 GPM SCUM: NO SOLIDS: YES
HEADS: STANDARD TO RAGS & DEBRIS: NO ABRASIVES: YES HEADS: STANDARD TO
650 PSI
RAGS & DEBRIS: NO ABRASIVES: YES
SHEAR SENSITIVE:
MINIMAL SHEAR
LEAKAGE: YES SLURRIES: YES
LUBRICATION:
INFREQUENT
ODORS: YES WEAR: SATISFACTORY
EXTERNAL VALVES: NO RUN DRY: NO EFFICIENCY: GOOD
SUCTION LIFT: YES COST: HIGH
Screw Pumps
SCREW PUMPSPROS CONS
FLOW:UP TO 162 MGD SOLIDS: Good for raw sewage but bad for thick sludge
LUBRICATION: INFREQUENT LEAKAGE: YES
EXTERNAL VALVES: NONE ODORS: YES
ABRASIVES: YES SUCTION LIFT: NO
Imparts some D.O. into the sewage. EFFICIENCY: About 75%
RAGS & DEBRIS: YES COST: HIGH, must build concrete “ramp” structure
WEAR: EXCELLENT Looses efficiency with wear. Not be easily repaired. WEAR: EXCELLENT Looses efficiency with wear. Not be easily repaired.
Can pump variable flow without a VFD. Must be sized for MAX flow, but accepts all incoming rates
Head limited to angle (22-45 Degrees) and shaft length, but usually about 30 ft max. Higher lift requires “Series” of pump$$$$
Bottom submerged bearing required lubrication
RUN DRY: NO
Timing Gears
Tri-Lobes
Torque
Locking
Assembly
Stuffing
Box
Rotary Lobe Pump
ROTARY LOBE PUMPS
PROS CONS NEUTRAL
FLOW: UP TO 3,000 GPM RAGS & DEBRIS: NO SOLIDS: YES
SCUM: YES SHEAR SENSITIVE: YES ABRASIVES: YES
LUBRICATION:INFREQUENT
SUCTION LIFT: NO SLURRIES: YES
EXTERNAL VALVES: NO HEADS: UP TO 150 PSIEXTERNAL VALVES: NO HEADS: UP TO 150 PSI
RUN DRY: YES WEAR: GOOD
LEAKAGE: YES & NO
ODORS: YES & NO
EFFICIENCY: GOOD
COST: MEDIUM TOHIGH
Discharge
Check
Valve
Discharge
Diaphragm
Pump
Check
Valve
Suction
Suction
Check
Valve
Diaphragm
DIAPHRAGM PUMPS
PROS CONS NEUTRAL
SHEAR SENSITIVE: NO FLOW: UP TO 100 GPM SOLIDS: YES SHEAR SENSITIVE: NO FLOW: UP TO 100 GPM SOLIDS: YES
LUBRICATION: INFREQUENT
HEADS: UP TO 100 PSI ABRASIVES: YES
LEAKAGE: NO SCUM: NO SLURRIES: YES
ODORS: NO RAGS & DEBRIS: NO WEAR: DIAPHRAGMS AND CHECK VALVES SUBJECT TO WEAR
RUN DRY: YES EXTERNAL VALVES: YES
SUCTION LIFT: YES
EFFICIENCY: POOR
COST: LOW INITIAL, HIGH MAINTENANCE
Drive Shaft
Eccentric
Discs
Double Disc Pump
Double Disc Pump
DOUBLE DISC PUMPS
PROS CONS NEUTRAL
SCUM: YES HEADS: UP TO 45 PSI FLOW: UP TO 180 GPM
SHEAR SENSITIVE: N0 SOLIDS: 1 1/4” ROUND ABRASIVES: YES
EXTERNAL VALVES: NO
SLURRIES: YES NO
LEAKAGE: NO RAGS & DEBRIS: YES
ODORS: NO WEAR: GOOD
RUN DRY: YES LUBRICATION: INFREQUENT
SUCTION LIFT: YES
EFFICIENCY: GOOD
COST: LOW INITIAL COST
Hose
Outlet, Discharge
PERISTALTIC PUMPS PERISTALTIC PUMPS (Hose Pumps)(Hose Pumps)
Inlet, SuctionAs the drive turns, the “Shoe” or “Roller” pinches
the hose and pumps the sludge as it advances.
PERISTALTIC PUMPSPERISTALTIC PUMPS
PROS CONS NEUTRAL
HEADS: UP TO 188 PSI FLOW: UP TO 120 GPM SOLIDS: YES
SCUM: YES WEAR: SHORT HOSE LIFE - BIGGEST COMPLAINT
ABRASIVES: YES
COMPLAINT
SHEAR SENSITIVE: N0 SLURRIES: YES
EXTERNAL VALVES: NO RAGS & DEBRIS: YES
LEAKAGE: NO LUBRICATION: INFREQUENT
ODORS: NO SUCTION LIFT: YES
RUN DRY: YES EFFICIENCY: GOOD
COST: MEDIUM INITIAL COST
Let’s Look At Some
Metering Pumps!
Reciprocating Diaphragm Metering Pump Stroke Cycle
Suction Stroke
Complete.
Fluid chamber is
full.
Suction Stroke
Begins:
Discharge valve
closes, suction
valve opens,
chamber fills.
Discharge
Stroke Begins:
Discharge
valve opens,
suction valve
closes
Discharge
Stroke
Complete.
Fluid in
chamber is
displaced.
Gear Pump
Air Operated
Diaphragm Pump
Displacement per revolution not
adjustable. Not linear from high to low
RPMs due to slip at low speed.
Displacement per stroke not adjustable.
Not repeatable due to variable air
pressure, flexible diaphragm.
What claims to be a Metering Pump, but isn’t?
Peristaltic
Pump
Progressing
Cavity Pump
Displacement per revolution not
adjustable. Tube stretch prevents
repeatability.
Displacement per revolution not
adjustable. Chemical incompatibility
common w/ rotor.
Chemical Feed System Accessories
Back Pressure Valve
PulsationDampener
Pressure Gauge
PressureRelief
SuctionStrainer
JUST REMEMBER ONE THING:JUST REMEMBER ONE THING:
““IF THE PUMP DONIF THE PUMP DON’’T FIT, T FIT,
IT WONIT WON’’T PUMP THE T PUMP THE
..........................””!!..........................””!!
THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME AND ATTENTION.