team building - football/soccer

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{ Team Building The Road to Success Copyright: Rinus Michels, Netherlands Kimmo Haapea What do you do with football skills and stamina?

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Page 1: Team building - Football/soccer

{

Team Building

The Road to Success

Copyright: Rinus Michels, Netherlands

Kimmo Haapea

What do you do with football skills and stamina?

Page 2: Team building - Football/soccer

Types of Team Building Complexity of Football Limits of Team Building External Factors on the Psychological

Team Building Process Levels of Development Steps in the Development Process Performance Level Value of the Team Building

General Introduction

Introduction 2

Page 3: Team building - Football/soccer

Leonard Bernstein, conductor, orchestra leader:

General Introduction

Introduction 3

”Individually you are very accomplished, but as an orchestra you will have to travel a long and difficult road. You think you have achieved the ultimate level, but the perfection of the orchestra can be taken from 95 to 100 %

Not enough that you play your own instrument correctly, you must also be harmonic with the orchestra

Football coach must think how he/she can create a team that can produce the best possible outcome in difficult (constantly pressurized) situation

No note book The quality of the players The quality of the coach

Page 4: Team building - Football/soccer

Anticipation and Decision Making

General Introduction

Introduction 4

Constantly changing situation Hundreds of Millions of possibilities during the match Split-second decision making Take into account your team-mates and the opponents Team efficiency vs showing off The aim of the match Outside pressure Money Perfect match?

Pro level, amateur level –any difference in the pressure to succeed?

Page 5: Team building - Football/soccer

Pressure to Succeed

General Introduction

Introduction 5

Ever higher demands for the peformance level of the team Striving to perfection Team defensive preformance Result: higher demands on attacking and building up -

qualities Individual and team level Structural learning process Academies Awareness of the team tactical effectivity Cohesiveness of the team

Match analyses as the key

Page 6: Team building - Football/soccer

Types of Team Building

General Introduction

Introduction 6

Increasing demands and pressure put on the coaches and players

Structural means which help the players perform More speed & higher difficulty level

-> players have to perform at a higher level

Individually and within the team

Players had much more time in the earlier days!

PSYCHOLOGICAL team building process TEAM TACTICAL team building process

Teamwork is as old as the game itself.

Page 7: Team building - Football/soccer

Psychological Team Building Process

General Introduction

Introduction 7

Better mentality – better environment for the team tactical team building process

Players’ willingness to work – MOTIVATION! Willingness to win What works today. Is not guaranteed to work tomorrow -> remain alert Changes in the tension level – which factors affect?

-> the coach must stay alert in each training session and feel the atmosphere & ACT ACCORDING TO THE MENTAL ATTITUDE OF THE PLAYERS

Before the game During the game: positive and negative developments

Tact, harshness, continuous improvement Consistent, clear and honest behaviour from the coach!

Obvious approach

Page 8: Team building - Football/soccer

The Team Tactical Team Building Process

General Introduction

Introduction 8

At least as imortant as mental team building Team tactics a structural process Based on a developed playing style Reguires strucutral training work using clear team tactical

guidelines

Organizational team building

Strategical team building

Tactical team building

Page 9: Team building - Football/soccer

Organizational team building

General Introduction

Introduction 9

Concerns the guidelines of team organization, team structure and the organizational form (4-4-2, 4-3-3 and so on)

Traffic lights – prevent chaos Every player has a role and function within the team

organization

Conduct through experience Action is taken fast and ”automatically” Too stiff approach?Strategical team building

A series of guidelines how a team or a line or a group defend, build up, or attack

Continuous positioning in relation to each other

Page 10: Team building - Football/soccer

Tactical team building

General Introduction

Introduction 10

How to prepare team tactically to the match next Saturday?

Which variations do I use?

Based upon specific resistances from a match

Football is complex

Connection between the complexity of the game and the quality of the players

The best players are very clever (~ the up 5 % of the people)

Space and time –dimensions in a match – quick reflection to upcoming situations

In comparison to the business world, space and time –dimensions are different

Page 11: Team building - Football/soccer

Complexity Factors of Team Building

General Introduction

Introduction 11

Size of the team Unpredictability Roles of the individuals; versatility is expected

Continuous action

Most decisicive demands placed on individual qualities of players

Technically Physically (incl. psychologically) Tactically (insight) Intelligence, fast reaction to altering situations All players are ”quarterbacks”

Played by feet Contact sport Playing time, tempo -> physical

Players are directors

Players’ sport discipline

Team tactically the most demanding sport

Adequate training, team spirit

Page 12: Team building - Football/soccer

The Complexity of football is determined by

General Introduction

The size of the team

Individual qualities combined with versatility

Unpredictability: the players have to make quick TEAM EFFICIENT decisions out of several options in ever changing situations

The ball is played with feet

Physical contact sport

The duration of the match The measurements of the field Players’ game team tactically Constant action Tempo

Team tactical guidelines a necessity

Page 13: Team building - Football/soccer

Limitations of Succeeding in the Team Building

Every coach attempts to improve his team’s performance by helping to develop an extra team tactical dimension in every player = team efficiency/ by each member of the team

Scoring chances can be created by good team play, but the team needs a player with the ability to score in order to succeed

The same goes with other roles ~ duels

General Introduction

Introduction 13

Page 14: Team building - Football/soccer

Quality of the players (most important factor) Physics, technics, mentality, tactics

Balance Between defending, building up and attacking

One of the most difficult tasks of the coach

Success Powerful weapon in team building process

Opponent The countermeasures

What worked in the last game won’t necessarily work in the next one

Unpredictability WC 1978

CL Final 1999

LIMITING FACTORS:

General IntroductionLimitations in Succeeding in the Team Building

Luck

Page 15: Team building - Football/soccer

External Factors

General Introduction

Introduction 15

Power struggle Between board members, coach and bms, coach and

assistant coach… Self-interest vs the best of the team

Statements Board member, a coach, a player,… The coach must always be on the look-out & focus on

TBP! Only the coach is able to build a team and a team

efficient style of play

-> the coach must have credibility and clear football vision Self-confidence Not the big picture, but the details are what matter

Performance level is never a constant factor Tension between self-interest and the interest of the team

Psychological Team Building Process

Page 16: Team building - Football/soccer

All levels

General Introduction

Introduction 16

Levels of Development

Challenges of coaches at all levels

Make players perform better Reach the limits of the performance level of the team Big difference in the potential of all players in the

talent pool -> difference in quality Coach must possess an adequate technical level

(exceptions?) Theoretical knowledge of the game Theoretical knowledge of the team building process Ability to communicate No more street football – compensation Whoever wins is correct?? Youth football: keeping the players busy vs teaching

the game Organizing the training sessions efficiently Training football realistic situations

Page 17: Team building - Football/soccer

General Introduction

Introduction 17

World Class Level of Development

Relationship betw. Team Building and Performance Level

Brazil 1994 In 1970, Brazil used 4-2-4, in 1980s 4-4-2 Also Parreira used 4-4-2 from the preparation on Everyone must take a part in defence, even Romario Few touches during the build up - midfielders Team spirit vs the stars – dream of all the Brazilians Unity and Team Spirit

No money talk in the team – ”WC bigger than money” No press, family members, agents, fríends to the

training campThe team members could only communicate with each other in the training camp Scrimmages especially helpful

Not the result but the execution what counted

Page 18: Team building - Football/soccer

General IntroductionWorld Class Level of Development

Relationship betw. Team Building and Performance Level

Why was Parreira’s 4-4-2 different? Full backs helped in build up Centre backs covered the positionsof full backs The role of defending midfielders in defence and

attack Attackers had to move a lot and go deep Not allowedto play close to each other durin the build

up Had to be able to receive the ball in the flanks and

behind the defensive line Shifts according to the state of possession were

practiced over and over -> by varying the line-up this became familiar

TEAM EFFICIENCY was the key word -> UNITY was clear Compare with Barca of Guardiola

Page 19: Team building - Football/soccer

General IntroductionSteps in the Development Process

A rapid development of team tactics in the modern football since 2000- the necessity to win has grown (places in big competitions a.s.o)

When the ball is lost it has to be taken back, everyone is responsible – there are no hiding places

Lightning fast transition from a team function to another, and MOST IMPORTANT is to act in the most team efficient manner in each situation

-> UNITY, no false running -> efficiency Compare with Barca of Guardiola, or Athletic of Bielsa Individual qualities of the players: physical, mental, tactical Good coaching is a must Team tactical coaching; break the match down and analyze Not enough to rely on experiences as a player Video analyses take hours (Guardiola a.o.) Still, each player can increase his value to the team by improving

his insight The hardest part: planning and executing the training sessions to

serve the team tactical development – most coaches don’t make it Simulate the match situtations in exercises

Introduction 19

Page 20: Team building - Football/soccer

General IntroductionSteps in the Development Process (cont.)

Practise team tactical positional games in a real high tempo Team efficient speed of action Quality of the individuals Positioning of the teammates Glue of the team spirit Problem: lack of professionalism of the leading players -> resist the

exercises A good coach demands high tempo and accuracy (game mentality) ->

team spirit If you succeed, t he players will make the exercises as their own Success: when team building process (tactically, psychoogically) is

mastered to the minutest detail A new face as a coach is usually needed after few years, otherwise the

players must be changed periodically (crediblity) Cataloque = frame of reference when regularly working on improving

the perfrormance level

Introduction 20

Page 21: Team building - Football/soccer

General IntroductionPerformance Level

The most negative influences on this:

- lack of key players- Lack of success- Negative audience- Too many changes in trainers- Lack of flexibility in relation to a

realistic style of play- Negative internal and external factors

in relation to the team building process

- Budget problems at the club- Wrong coach in a wrong place- Lack of challenges- Youth education does not have a

center stage- Overestimating and

underestimating the opponentIntroduction 21

The individual qualities of the players

- As much as possible in compliance with the team structure and style of play

- Sufficient´ly balanced in game mentality/qualities

- Excellent training qualities- Well developed team

building qualities (mental and team tactical)

The building blocks of the most reachable performance level

Page 22: Team building - Football/soccer

Mario Zagallo (att. style of play) Helenio Herrera (def. style of play) Sir Alf Ramsey (the demise of the wing forwards) Rinus Michels (total and pressure football) Franz Beckenbauer (5-3-2) Johan Cruijff (3-4-3) Louis van Gaal (further development of 3-4-3) Sir Alex Ferguson Marcelo Bielsa (argentinian developer of the 4-3-3 -play Jose Mourinho (players coach) Josip ”Pep” Guardiola (dev. total and pressure football)

The Evolution of Football

Evolution 22

Introduction Top Coaches

Page 23: Team building - Football/soccer

Today’s pressure football

demands team tactical maturity from all players

Total soccer was introduced in the early 70s – now the most applied team tactical strategy

Pressure football is carried out by 11 players, each player has his own task (c.)

The aim is to play in the opposite’s side: press and disturb and prevent build-up as early as possible

Force them to deliver an inaccurate pass or rotate from backwords again to gain time to get organised

Or get the possession on the opponents’s half and make a quick transition

Especially well developed in Spain and earlier in England

The Evolution of Football

Evolution 23

Introduction

Page 24: Team building - Football/soccer

Combination play/high quality positional play

”A must”

Individual qualities

Positioning and timing

Passing and timing

Decision-making

Ball-control: give up the ball soon enough

Crucial in the build-up

The best team efficient solutions

Individual qualities of the players have developed /average level

Higher demands all the time

The Evolution of Football

Evolution 24

Introduction

- Team tactical aspects and skills must be taught as early as possible

- High quality coaches- Youth educational system- As a whole

Page 25: Team building - Football/soccer

More speed, higher tempo, more pressure in the opposite’s side, less time

Each coach has to be able to develop a personal style of play Correct balance is required Ready made style of play Tactical changes, variations – developed and practiced

beforehand Entails a lot of training work and tactical talk Only a skilled coach can do Theoretically and practically

Incredible difference between the games of the 60’s and 70’s compared to today’s

Especially in the transition and pressing Speed of play

The Evolution of Football

Evolution 25

Introduction

- Individual qualities determine the level of performance- High quality coaches- Modern team building mechanism - Difference between friendly matches and competitive

matches

Page 26: Team building - Football/soccer

Attacking style of play Evolution from the 50’s WC 1970: 4-2-4 Main focus ín building up and attacking functions Defensively covering of space instead of opponent Each player must participate Pelé, Tostao, Rivelino, Jairzinho

Imitated and developed in Holland, and later in Barcelona, and in the teams of Bielsa

Risky style – demands high quality players in every line Players must have been brought up in this style Lack of Culture Courage from the coaches – FREEDOM (?!) A style of lay must be realistic -> success AT THE TOP Not a product of idealism!

Top-Notch Coaches

Evolution 26

Mario Zagallo

”The evolution can be attributed in the influence of a few coaches (and players), who have innovated new dimensios in the game”

Page 27: Team building - Football/soccer

Replaced the classical wing attackers with midfield wingers who had also an attacking task

Top-Notch Coaches

Evolution - history 27

Sir Alf Ramsey – the developer of 4-4-2

Franz Beckenbauer : 5-3-2

Defencive version 5-3-2 Attacking version 3-5-2 Two man-to-man markers in the center A sweeper who played defensively behind them and

offensively in front of them Defenders in the wings who have duties in the build-up Must cover the whole field from end line to end line Cautious style of play Several possible variations in the build-up and attacking

strategies

Page 28: Team building - Football/soccer

Total football (Ajax of the 70’s) Required actions during the build-up and attack to break

through the enforced defenses The surprise effect continuous changes in

positions within and between the three lines All players may and must take part in the build-up and attack

as long as they look after their defensive tasks Very demanding style of play individually and team tactically Each player must participate

Top-Notch Coaches

Evolution 28

Rinus Michels: total- and pressure football – 4-3-3

Pressure football (Team Holland in the 70’s and ’88) ”The Hunt”

Hunt for the ball, regaining the possession asap All three lines push up and play close to each other –

familiar? Lots of free space in the own half – vulnerability Quick transitions when the ball is lost and won Demands years of team building and choosing players Demands very much practice of small details – movements

and tasks Positive mentality of each player a PREREQUISITE

Page 29: Team building - Football/soccer

More speed, higher tempo, more pressure in the opposite’s side, less time

Each coach has to be able to develop a personal style of play Correct balance is required Ready made style of play Tactical changes, variations – developed and practiced

beforehand Entails a lot of training work and tactical talk Only a skilled coach can do Theoretically and practically

Incredible difference between the games of the 60’s and 70’s compared to today’s

Especially in the transition and pressing Speed of play

The Evolution of Football

Evolution 29

Introduction

- Individual qualities determine the level of performance- High quality coaches- Modern team building mechanism - Difference between friendly matches and competitive

matches

Page 30: Team building - Football/soccer

Organizational guidelines Strategical Team Tactical Guidelines Personal Choice Strategical Guidelines Per Team

Function Strategic Team Tactical Guidelines

The Ground Rules of The Team Tactical TeamBuilding -Process

The Ground Rules of the Team Tactical Team Building Process

Page 31: Team building - Football/soccer

Team Tactical Team Building

Organizational forms Basic Tasks within the Organizational

Form The Balance The Defensive Team Function as The

Starting Point

The Ground Rules of the Team Tactical Team Building Process

Organizational Guidelines

Page 32: Team building - Football/soccer

Team Tactical Team Building

The Ground Rules of the Team Tactical Team Building Process

Guidelines for the Play-Making Strategy

Guidelines for the Counter Attack Strategy

Strategic Team Tactical Guidelines

Page 33: Team building - Football/soccer

Team Tactical Team Building

Strategic Guidelines per Team Function

Defensive Strategies as the Basis Build Up -Strategies Attacking Strategies

The Ground Rules of the Team Tactical Team Building Process

Page 34: Team building - Football/soccer

Harmony Rules of Conduct – On and

Off the Field Team Hierarchy Kingdoms Clear Objectives Common Enemy Culture of the Club Strategy of Confrontation

The Ground Rules of the Psychological TeamBuilding Process

The Ground Rules of the Psychological Team Building Process

The Credibility of the Coach

Consult Situation Communication Training Camps Atmosphere Success Summarizing

Page 35: Team building - Football/soccer

Summarizing

The Corporate World The Dream Structural Process Communication Dynamics Credibility Team Spirit Guidelines Leadership

The Ground Rules of the Psychological Team Building Process

Page 36: Team building - Football/soccer

The Soccer Learning Process

Guidelines to Each Age Category 5 y old 6-8 y old 10-12 y old 12-14 y old 14-16 y old 16-18 y old 18-21 years old (Final Phase)

Structured Training Sessions Organization Gifted and Non-Gifted

The Soccer Learning Process

Page 37: Team building - Football/soccer

Translation to the Training Pitch

General Criteria Organization Most Common Mistakes Made in Team Tactical

Training Activities That Focus on Team Tactical

Assignments Team Tactical Exercises

The Translation to the Training Pitch

Page 38: Team building - Football/soccer

Team Tactical Exercises

Defensive Cohesiveness in the Defensive Line While Under Attacking Pressure

The Cogwheels of the Team Tactical Training Mechanism

Destrctive TeamTactical Abilities as an Example of a Tactical Training Activity in Defense

Build Up Team Function

The Translation to the Training Pitch

Page 39: Team building - Football/soccer

Perceiving the Value of the TeamBuilding Activities

the Style of Play The Formation of the Team Activities That Focus on Team

Tactical Assignments Make Each Player Fully

Understand his/her role in the squad

Team Tactical Exercises

39

Value added acts

Non-value added acts

Arguments between members of the team

External factors Selfishness Activities Lacking the Team

Building Function Team Tactical Exercises a Coach Just Exposing Himself