teaching today: an introduction to education 7 th edition part 4: shapers of today’s educational...

Teaching Today: An Introduction to Education 7th edition

Part 4: Shapers of Today’s Educational World

Chapter 12: Historical Influences

Armstrong, Henson, & SavageTeaching Today, 7th Edition

Copyright ©2005 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458All rights reserved.

12-1

About American Education . . .

“. . . writers have followed a tradition of presuming that today’s educational system, although not perfect, is better than it has ever been.”

Do you agree or disagree that it is better?Armstrong, Henson, & Savage

Teaching Today, 7th Edition



12-3

“No child should have to go through the painful dilemma of choosing between family and school and of what inevitably becomes a choice between belonging and succeeding.” (Nieto, 1992)




12-4

Historical Influences

Ancient Rome and Greece

The Middle Ages




12-5

Colonial Period to Independence

Influence of: Francis Bacon John Amos ComeniusThe New England Colonies Puritan Influence Massachusetts School Law of 1642 “Old Deluder Satan Act” of 1647 Latin Grammar Schools




12-6

Colonial Period to Independence (cont.)

The Middle Colonies Benjamin Franklin’s

Proposals Relating to the Youth of Pennsylvania The Franklin Academy

The Southern Colonies People were far apart. Tutors for wealthy.




12-7

Precedents Set Through the Establishment of Academies

American Education would: have a strong orientation

toward the practical rather than the purely intellectual and theoretical.

be nonsectarian. feature diverse course

offerings. Armstrong, Henson, & SavageTeaching Today, 7th Edition



12-8

Independence to the Civil War

Influence of: John Heinrich

Pestalozzi Friedrich Froebel Johann Friedrich

Herbart Development in

Secondary Education

The Work of Horace MannArmstrong, Henson, & Savage

Teaching Today, 7th Edition



12-9

Civil War to 1900

Immigration Kalamazoo Case Formation of

Teacher Organizations

The Committee of Ten




12-10

1900 to World War II Contributions of

John Dewey The Testing

Movement The Cardinal

Principles The Progressive

Movement




12-11

The Cardinal Principles

The Seven Goals of Secondary Education Health Command of fundamental processes Worthy home membership Vocational preparation Citizenship Worthy use of leisure time Ethical character




12-12

World War II to the 21st Century

International Challenges

Advent of the Middle School

School Improvement Initiatives

Testing and Curriculum Standards




12-13

Revisiting History Is this really an issue about separation of

church and state or about alternative scientific theories?

Do you think it is important to separate education and religion? Why?

What does the history of education reveal to us about the separation of church and state?

LINK: What are the implications of this issue for the development of curriculum?




12-14

Legacies from Africa Education a function

of the community Education for personal

and societal interests Strong oral tradition

that includes teaching through riddles, anecdotes, tales, and verbal games




12-15

Legacies from Islam Strong oral tradition

that includes memorization

Education is important for a sound mind and body

Education provides skills for making a living and working with others




12-16

Legacies from China’s Confucian Tradition

Utilize an extensive examination process for occupation selection

Encourage conformation to prescribed styles of presentation

Status differences among people because of the roles they played in life




12-17

Legacies from Hinduism

Strong oral tradition for young learners

Multiple approaches to learning valued

Emphasis in thinking and self-knowledge




12-18

“As you may know, school populations today are more ethnically and culturally diverse than they ever have been. As a result, educators are working hard to develop school programs that are responsive to the needs of all. These reforms are being inserted into an American school system that historically did not hold responding to cultural diversity as a high priority. You can better understand challenges that accompany the change efforts if you are familiar with historical developments that have shaped the American System.” (Armstrong, Henson, and Savage, p. 315)




12-19

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