teachercovergrade 3 - moes.edu.la · dt-;’lbdlkmydko lt4k[ao7qo7;hk ;ymtpklkf dkolbdlk @ww_...
TRANSCRIPT
dt-;’lbdlkmydkolt4k[ao7Qo7;hk ;ymtpklkf dkolbdlk
@WW_
shk,0kp
76j,n76
-Aoxt4q,lbdlk xumu #
ry,muj3I’ry, Eastern Printing Public Co.Ltd 51/29 Moo 3 Soi Saimsamakee
W phawadee Rangsit Road Talad Bangkhen Laksi Bangkok 10210 8k, ]m[ W(( r9!_W#@WW_
9eo;ory, !WF_WW sq;0t|kf 18 x 25 -,
lts’;o]y0tlyf
i
dt-;’lbdlkmydkolt4k[ao7Qo7;hk ;ymtpklkf dkolbdlk
@WW_
76j,n7676j,n7676j,n7676j,n7676j,n76
3]dvhv,8q;gIqk3]dvhv,8q;gIqk3]dvhv,8q;gIqk3]dvhv,8q;gIqk3]dvhv,8q;gIqk-Aoxt4q, xumu #-Aoxt4q, xumu #-Aoxt4q, xumu #-Aoxt4q, xumu #-Aoxt4q, xumu #
IP[IP’3fp G mv’cdh; vklk XlD;Dl?rvo9ao 7e[5orao XlD;Dl?cdh;;y;vo v5fmt9ad XlD;Dl?[5o3I, oaomt;q’ XlD;Dl?graflt\vo lu[5ogInv’ XlD;Dl?mv’,u f;oladfk XlD;Dl?
d;fcdh3fp G r;’7e lq,ltoyf XlD;Dl?9ao r6olts;af Xmjuxbdlk?
c8h,I6[3fp G lults;kf [5o,tou Xlt4k[ao;y9yflyocsj’-kf?
g0Qk|hk3fp G f;’,k]k okd[5o8k XlD;Dl?
d;f c]t .sh7egsao3fp G [5olvo dq,,tou;ao X]af;yltstdyf3I’ry,lbdlk?4k;vo ok,,t;q’ Xdq,,afmtpq,lbdlk?
lk]t[kolk]t[kolk]t[kolk]t[kolk]t[ko
|hk
7ecotoe];, .................................................................................................. $[qfmu ! G \;fvksko ................................................................................. !@
[qfmu @ G 75oxt3spf0v’vksko ................................................................ !&
[qfmu # G dko0kfmkfvksko .................................................................... !)
[qfmu $ G rtpkfc,jdk/kd.o]ewlh ............................................................ @W
[qfmu & G dkodyovkskomju4nd8hv’ ............................................................... @&
[qfmu * G dkovtokw, # ltvkf ................................................................. @)
[qfmu ( G Ikd0v’rnf . ............................................................................... #!
[qfmu ) G ]e8Qo0v’rnf ............................................................................... #$
[qfmu _ G .[0v’rnf ..................................................................................... #)
[qfmu !W G rnfgxaoxt3spfcdj7qogIqk ............................................................. $@
[qfmu !! G dkomqf]v’x6drnf ........................................................................ $$
[qfmu !@ G 9er;d0v’laf ............................................................................. $*
[qfmu !# G 9er;d0v’laf X8+? ..................................................................... $)
[qfmu !$ G 9er;d0v’laf X8+? ..................................................................... &W
[qfmu !& G dkodyovksko0v’laf ................................................................ &#
[qfmu !* G csj’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t laf....................................................&*
[qfmu !( G csj’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t laf X8+?..............................................&)
[qfmu !) G g,nv’0v’gIqk.............................................................................. *W
[qfmu !_ G c0;’0v’gIqk..............................................................................*@
[qfmu @W G dko7q,,tok7q,...........................................................................*$
[qfmu @! G dko7q,,tok7q, X8+?.................................................................... **
[qfmu @@ G dkoxqd7v’0Aog,nv’ c]t c0;’...................................................*)
[qfmu @# G csj’oE........................................................................................(W
[qfmu @$ G dko\6o;Po0v’oE.ome,t-kf..................................................(#
[qfmu @& G lyj’mju]t]kp8q; c]t [+]t]kp8q;.ooE..........................................(&
[qfmu @* G dkooe.-hoE................................................................................(_
[qfmu @( G dkoxqdxadIadlkcsj’oE...............................................................)!
[qfmu @) G dkoxqdxadIadlkcsj’oE X8+? ........................................................)#
[qfmu @_ G lkgsf0v’dkogsao .................................................................. . )&
[qfmu #W G mhv’2hk.opk,dk’7no .................................................................))
[qfmu #! G cI’me,t-kf ........................................................................... _!
[qfmu #@ G g7njv’dqo ..................................................................................... _$
[qfmu ## G c,jgsad ....................................................................................... _(
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
4
7ecotoe];,7ecotoe];,7ecotoe];,7ecotoe];,7ecotoe];,
I. 95f\kp95f\kp95f\kp95f\kp95f\kp
dkoIPo;y-k3]dvhv,8q;gIqk.o-Aoxt4q,lbdlkc,jo grnjv.shoadIPowfhIa[dkorafmtok
fhko7;k,Ih6F madlt c]t mafltot7t8y c]t 7jkoypq,faj’oUG
! D! D! D! D! D fhko7;k,I6hfhko7;k,I6hfhko7;k,I6hfhko7;k,I6hfhko7;k,I6h
.shoadIPo,u7;k,g0Qk.9djP;da[G
{ 8qogv’ c]t lyj’c;f]hv,D
{ me,t-kf0v’lkprq;rao]ts;jk’lyj’c;f]hv, c]t lyj’mju,u-u;yfD
{ dkoxjPocx’0v’lyj’c;f]hv, c]t la’7q,D
{ ;afmtotme c]t -5,-qo0v’g0qkgv’D
{ 7;k,s^kds^kpmk’la’7q, c]t 7;k,z6draodaoD
{ Ijk’dkp c]t ;ymudkoIadlkl50trk[D
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D fhkomadltfhkomadltfhkomadltfhkomadltfhkomadlt
.shoadIPo,u7;k,lk,kf G
{ 8A’7e4k,djP;da[xkdqfdko0v’;af45 c]t lkgsf0v’,ao
{ ;k’czo c]t xt8y[afdko7Qosk sn lv[l;osk.osq;g]njv’ c]t [aosk8jk’MS
gda[de0jk;lko muj,ugsfzqorhv,fh;pdkoIh675o7jk0v’,ao s^n dko7;[75,8q;xjPo
mjudjP;0hv’8jk’MD
{ la’gdfF 8u]k7k X dko;af c]t xtg,uo ?F ;yg7kt X 9afc[j’F 8u7;k,\kp0=h,6oDDD?
c]t dkofegouodkoD
{ 7Qo7;hk9kd[5d7t]kdvomhv’4yjo c]t 3fp.-hgvdtlko grnjv-vdsk0=h,6oD
{ gIaf;Pd c]t c]dxjPoco;7;k,7yfoedaoD
{ oe.-hF rafmtok c]t xa[.-h7;k,I6hg0Qk.o-u;yfxt9e;aoD
{ 7kf7tgo c]t vtmy[kp9kddko7Qorq[D
{ 7Qo7yfF .sh7;k,7yfgsao1jk’,ugsfzqo[qorNo4kodkoryl6fmjug-njv4nwfhD
{ cdhw0[aosk8jk’MD
{ g]nvdc[[czodkofe]q’-u;yf grnjvl50trk[mjufuD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
5
#####D fhkomafltot7t8y c]t 7jkoypq,fhkomafltot7t8y c]t 7jkoypq,fhkomafltot7t8y c]t 7jkoypq,fhkomafltot7t8y c]t 7jkoypq,fhkomafltot7t8y c]t 7jkoypq,
.shoadIPoG.shoadIPoG.shoadIPoG.shoadIPoG.shoadIPoG
{ ,u7;k,lqo.9F ,ad-vdI6h -vdgsaodjP;da[me,t-kf c]t 0t[;odkomk’
;ymtpklkfD
{ ,u;ymudkomk’;ymtpklkfgrnjv7Qorq[ c]t sq;7yfxtfyflhk’.odkocdh[aoskD
{ g7qk]q[8+7;k,gsao c]t lk,kfgIaf;PdIj;,da[z6hvjnowfhD
{ g7qk]q[ c]t pqdphv’;afmtotme0v’xtgmfvnjoD
{ r6,.98+8qogv’F 8+;afmtotme c]t 8+-kf0v’8qoD
{ xqdxadIadlk-a[rtpkdvo0v’ lD xD x ]k;D
{ ,uoE.9Ia[zyf-v[ c]t f6c]8qogv’F z6hvnjo c]t lyj’c;f]hv,D
{ gxufd;hk’l6jco;7yf.\jF ,u7;k,lts^kfmk’lt8yxaopk c]t 7;k,g0A,’;fD
II. lt,af4trk[0AorNo4kofhkodkoIPo Xle]a[ xD#?lt,af4trk[0AorNo4kofhkodkoIPo Xle]a[ xD#?lt,af4trk[0AorNo4kofhkodkoIPo Xle]a[ xD#?lt,af4trk[0AorNo4kofhkodkoIPo Xle]a[ xD#?lt,af4trk[0AorNo4kofhkodkoIPo Xle]a[ xD#?
! D! D! D! D! D 8q;gIqk c]t l50trk[8q;gIqk c]t l50trk[8q;gIqk c]t l50trk[8q;gIqk c]t l50trk[8q;gIqk c]t l50trk[
{ [vd-njvksko # \;fF rao]tok75o]adltot c]t 75oxt3spf0v’vksko
{ rao]toklkgsf c]t zqoIhkp0v’dkodyovkskomuj[+4nd8hv’
{ ltg|u;ymudkodyovksko1jk’lq,lj;o sn 7q[4h;o
{ vtmy[kp7;k,\kp0v’dkovtokw, # ltvkf
{ [vd-njrtpkfF zqoIhkp c]t ;ymudkoxhv’daortpkfc,jdk/kd]ewlh
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D rnf c]t xt3spf0v’,aornf c]t xt3spf0v’,aornf c]t xt3spf0v’,aornf c]t xt3spf0v’,aornf c]t xt3spf0v’,ao
{ ]kp’kodko7Qorq[ 9kddkoxt8y[afdjP;da[Ikd0v’rnf XIkdcdh;F Ikd/vpF 0qof6f?
{ rao]tok]adltot c]t 75oxt3spf0v’]e8Qo
{ rao]tok]adltot0v’glAo.[ c]t lkprq;rao0v’,aoda[]e8Qo c]t Ikd
{ x6drnf3fpvu’.lj7;k,Ih6mjuwfhIPo,k
# D# D# D# D# D laf c]t rbf8yde0v’,aolaf c]t rbf8yde0v’,aolaf c]t rbf8yde0v’,aolaf c]t rbf8yde0v’,aolaf c]t rbf8yde0v’,ao
{ 9ecod]adltot0v’lafc8j]txtgrf
{ 9afc[j’xtgrflaf8k,g;]kvvdskdyo Xdk’7noF dk’g;ao?D
{ 9ecod7;k,lerao]ts;jk’I6[Ijk’F ]adltot0v’laf da[;ymuskdyo Xdko9a[gspnjv?
dkovvdskdyo0v’c,’,5,F ’6F oqd
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
6
$ D$ D$ D$ D$ D lkprq;rao]ts;jk’lyj’mju,u-u;yflkprq;rao]ts;jk’lyj’mju,u-u;yflkprq;rao]ts;jk’lyj’mju,u-u;yflkprq;rao]ts;jk’lyj’mju,u-u;yflkprq;rao]ts;jk’lyj’mju,u-u;yf
{ mqf]v’ c]t ]kp’kodko7Qorq[ djP;da[dkoltlq,rt]a’’ko0v’rnf
{ ltg|ugsfzqomjurnfgxaovksko0v’7qo c]t laf
& D& D& D& D& D lyj’c;f]hv, c]t xt-k-qogIqklyj’c;f]hv, c]t xt-k-qogIqklyj’c;f]hv, c]t xt-k-qogIqklyj’c;f]hv, c]t xt-k-qogIqklyj’c;f]hv, c]t xt-k-qogIqk
{ rao]tokmju8A’0v’g,nv’ c]t c0;’.or6,lkf Xg,nv’F c0;’F czoza’F muj8A’ c]t
xt-kdvo?
{ rao]tokdjP;da[dko7q,,tok7q, X-toyfF dkooe.-hF dkog]nvd.-hpkorkstotmujs5f
zjvo,qo]tryf c]t dkoxt1af?
{ rao]tok37’Ijk’dko9af8A’0v’g,nv’ c]t c0;’F [qf[kf c]t 7;k,Ia[zyf-v[
0v’0Aog,nv’ c]t c0;’
* D* D* D* D* D ;af45 c]t xt3spf0v’,ao;af45 c]t xt3spf0v’,ao;af45 c]t xt3spf0v’,ao;af45 c]t xt3spf0v’,ao;af45 c]t xt3spf0v’,ao
{ ln[7QodjP;da[oEF rao]tok75o]adltot c]t csj’muj,k0v’oE X9ecodcsj’oE c]t
[vd-nj,tsklt\5fF dkoxjPocx’rk;t ;af8t9ad0v’oEF dkocpdlyj’muj]t]kp c]t
}sn [+]t]kpvvd9kdoE?D
{ rao]tokdko.-hoEle]a[dkodtlydeF v5flkstde c]t 7q,,tok7q,
{ rao]tok c]t -vdsklkgsfdkoglnjv,3-,0v’csj’oE c]t ltg|u;ymudkoxqdxad
Iadlk
( D( D( D( D( D rt]a’’ko c]t mkfg7,urt]a’’ko c]t mkfg7,urt]a’’ko c]t mkfg7,urt]a’’ko c]t mkfg7,urt]a’’ko c]t mkfg7,u
{ mqf]v’ c]t ]kp’kozqodjP;da[lkgsf0v’dkogsaoS 9ecod[+cl’ X[+cl’me,t-kf
c]t [+cl’muj7qolhk’0Bo?S [vdlkgsf0v’dkogsaof;’9ao c]t fk;8jk’M.opk,
dk’7no Xfk;]bdF fk;g7kt? c]t dkogsaof;’9ao.spjd;jkfk;vnjoM
{ rao]tokF mqf]v’djP;da[]adltot c]t xt3spf0v’cI’me,t-kf XcI’]q,F
cI’oE? g7njv’dqo c]t c,jgs^ad rhv,ma’xtfyfg7njv’s^Yo mjuoe.-h75o]adltot0v’
lyj’fja’djk;
III. ;ymudkolvo;ymudkolvo;ymudkolvo;ymudkolvo;ymudkolvo
76]k;gIqkwfhIPoI6hdkoIPodkolvos^kp;ymu g-ajoG dkolvoc[[[ao]tpkpF ]tfq,lt
\v’F lqomtok d5j,}95F .-hc[[sYo X c[[gd, ?F lkmyfF mqf]v’F g]qjkg]njv’F ltcf’[qf[kf
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
7
lq,,5fF mafltotlbdlk c]t vnjoMS c8j.orkdxt8y[afc]h;D 76lj;os^kp.-hc8j;ymu[ao]tpkp
.shoadIPo9qfdjkp9kddtfkofegmqjkoAoD g]uj,c8jxu !__$ gxao8Qo,kdt-;’lbdlkmydko d=wfhcot
oe.sh.-hhdkolvomjudt8h5o.shoadIPo,udkog7njvows; c]t xtdv[lj;oskp0Bo.odkolhk’7;k,
I6hD ;ymufaj’djk;gvUodaogxaodkorkp.o;jk < dkoIPodkolvoc[[fk; & c9<D
3fpvu’.ljmyfltfudkoIPoI6h c]t xtlq[dko9kddkoxt8y[af g-yj’gsao;jkdkolvo8hv’
goAo|addko9af[aopkdkf.shgdufdkoIPoI6h9kddkogsaoF dko7yfF dkogIaf;Pd c]t cdh[aosk
Ij;,daoF faj’oAo dkolvoc[[oU 9bj’g-njv,3p’]ts;jk’dkoxt8y[afshkfhkofaj’oU G
! D! D! D! D! D dkoIPoI6h9kddkogIafdyf9tdedkoIPoI6h9kddkogIafdyf9tdedkoIPoI6h9kddkogIafdyf9tdedkoIPoI6h9kddkogIafdyf9tdedkoIPoI6h9kddkogIafdyf9tde
grnjvgxaodkoIa[xtdaodkorafmtokmadlt muj9egxao.shgduf0Bo.o8q;oadIPo gIqk9egxao
8hv’,udkomqf]v’ c]t dkoxt8y[af8q;9y’1jk’|hvpgxaog;]k #W: 0v’g;]kIPoma’\qf
g-yj’lvf7jv’da[dko7Qorq[mk’9yf8t;ymtpkdkolbdlkmuj;jk oadIPo[k’7qolk,kfIPowfhfu
9kddkogsao c]t dko2a’F c8joadIPolj;oskp9tIPoI6hwfh9kddkodtme8q;9y’D 0=hgmaf9y’faj’
djk;gxaosaddkomujle7ao0v’dkolbdlk c]t dkoIPoI6h0v’;y-k;ymtpklkfF ly]txtF rt]t
lbdlk c]t ;y-kvnjoMD lyj’le7aomju768hv’7eob’g4y’c,jo G
!D 9t9afdko c]t 7;[75,shv’IPo0t|kf.spj muj,uoadIPo9eo;oskp.shgdufdkoxt8y[af
dyf9tdewfhco;.f L
@D v5xtdvo c]t ;af45muj9egxao8hv’.-h.odkogIafdyf9tde c]t dkomqf]v’xt8y[af9t
wfh,k9kd.l L
#D dyf9tde c]t dkomqf]v’xt8y[afvao.fcfjg\ktlq,muj9t-j;p.shgdufdkoIPoI6h.o
;y-k8jk’Mwfhgxao1jk’fu L
.odkogIafdyf9tdeF [k’7qovkf9tg[yj’wx;jk oadIPo8hv’g7njvows;F pjk’wx,k.oshv’
IPo sn 9t8hv’vvdwxovdshv’IPo sn ovd3I’IPogmqjkoAoD c8j8q;9y’c]h;F ,udyf9tdes^kp
1jk’mujoadIPolk,kfgIafwfh16j38tIPo 3fp[+8hv’]5dwx,kg-ajoG dkolbdlkczomujF dkoxP[mP[
I6[rk[F dkovvd7tcoolP’F dko9af]efa[[af0=h,6oF dkovtmy[kplyj’muj8qoI6h.sh\6jgrnjvo.oshv’
2a’F dkoc8h,I6[ sn czjork[F dkolhk’c[[9eo;ofh;pg9hp M]MF lyj’8jk’MgsqjkoU d=9t-j;p
.shoadIPo IPoI6h9kddkogIafdyf9tdefh;p8qogv’wfhD
@D dko.-h7e4k,0v’76@D dko.-h7e4k,0v’76@D dko.-h7e4k,0v’76@D dko.-h7e4k,0v’76@D dko.-h7e4k,0v’76
oadla’gdfrbf8ydedkolvo0v’76.o-AoIPorq[gsao;jk 76lj;o.spj,umjkvP’g;Qk s^n
[vd7;k,I6h .shoadIPoskpd;jkmuj9t8A’7e4k, grnjvdt85ho.shoadIPo7yf c]t -vdsk7e8v[D
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
8
pyj’wxd;jkoAoF g,njv768A’7e4k,F 7e4k,lj;o.spjd=9tgxao7e4k,xtgrfgoAo|addjP;da[7;k,
9nj9eD muj9y’c]h;7e4k,,uskpxtgrfF ,u75o7jk c]t ,u95f\kp.odko.-h8jk’daoS c8j.omjuoU9tc[j’
vvdgxao @ xtgrf.spj7n G
!D 7e4k,]tfa[8Omuj,u7e8v[cojovo8kp8q; c]t goAo|ad7;k,9nj9eD
@D 7e4k,]tfa[l6’muj,u7e8v[s^kp1jk’ c]t 8hv’.-h7;k,7yf c]t dko.shgsfzqo
.odko8v[D
le]a[dkolvomujfuF 768hv’.-h7e4k,ma’lv’xtgrfxtlq,xtlkodao.shg\ktlq,F grnjv.sh
oadIPowfhgdufdkoIPoI6hma’.ofhkogoNv.o0v’;y-k c]t 0t[;odko7yfF dko8aflyo.9 c]t
dkocdh[aoskD 95f\kp0v’dko8A’7e4k,c8j]t7A’d=9tc8d8jk’daowxgIqkvkf.-h7e4k,
grnjvoeg0Qkl6j[qfIPoF grnjvoewxl6j7;k,g0Qk.9F grnjvoewxl6jdkovtmy[kpF grnjvmqflv[7;k,I6h
7;k,g0Qk.9 c]t vnjoMD
# D# D# D# D# D dko.-hI6[rk[xtdv[1jk’,uxtlyfmyzqodko.-hI6[rk[xtdv[1jk’,uxtlyfmyzqodko.-hI6[rk[xtdv[1jk’,uxtlyfmyzqodko.-hI6[rk[xtdv[1jk’,uxtlyfmyzqodko.-hI6[rk[xtdv[1jk’,uxtlyfmyzqo
zqo0v’dko;yw9wfh1no1ao1jk’-afg9o;jk 0=h,6o c]t 0jk;lko8jk’M .o3I’IPomujoe
ltg|ufh;pdko.-hI6[rk[ sn czjork[lk,kf9nj9ewfhfud;jkF w;d;jk c]t fqookod;jkdko
ltg|u0=h,6o c]t 0jk;lkovaofP;daofh;pdko.-h8q;|a’lnrP’1jk’fP;D faj’oAoF 769bj’7;o.-hI6[
rk[xtdv[.odkolvo.shs^kpmujl5fD I6[rk[xtdv[ muj-j;p.shdkolvo0v’76faj’djk; vkf9t
c[j’vvdgxao @ d5j, ( xtgrf7n G
d5j,mu !G d5j,mu !G d5j,mu !G d5j,mu !G d5j,mu !G gxaoI6[rk[xtdv[mujg\nvo0v’9y’g-yj’,u16j # xtgrf7nG I6[c8h, s^n I6[0PoF
I6[4jkpF I6[dk86oD
d5j,mu @ Gd5j,mu @ Gd5j,mu @ Gd5j,mu @ Gd5j,mu @ G gxaoI6[rk[mujltcf’rP’37’Ijk’ sn czjork[ c]t ,u $ xt grf7nG glAoltcf’
Xdik2?F czo;kf Xfuvkdik,?F czomujF 8k8t]k’D
I6[rk[xtdv[dkolvole]a[76lj;o.spj vkfwfh,k9kddkogda[de];[];,9kdcs^j’
8jk’MF dkoc8h,.ljdtfkofefh;p76gv’F dko.-hI6[rk[9kdxB,|a’lnry, c]t dko.-hrk[
9kdrk[c0;o/kmujwfhlhk’0Bogv’D
dkovvdc[[ c]t 9afvq’xtdv[.oI6[rk[xtdv[[qfIPomujfu 9t-j;p.shoadIPolk,kf
gsao7;k,le7ao]ts;jk’0=h,6olj;o8jk’M c]t gsao7;k,\kp0v’0=h,6omujj8hv’dkoltcf’
wfh1jk’-afg9oD .o0totfP;daoF ovd9kddko.-hI6[rk[xtdv[dkolvoc]h;F pa’7;og/yd.sh
oadIPolk,kflhk’I6[rk[xtdv[dkoIPog]njv’8jk’Mwfhfh;p8qogv’F grnjv-j;p.shg0qkg9Qk
I6h9ad9af]t[q[9qfdjkp c]t ltg|u sn lnjlko0=h,6o c]t 0jk;lko8jk’Mwfh1jk’,uxtlyfmyzqoD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
9
$ D$ D$ D$ D$ D dkoIPo9kdd5j,\6jgrnjvo c]t 9kddkolqomtokgxaod5j,dkoIPo9kdd5j,\6jgrnjvo c]t 9kddkolqomtokgxaod5j,dkoIPo9kdd5j,\6jgrnjvo c]t 9kddkolqomtokgxaod5j,dkoIPo9kdd5j,\6jgrnjvo c]t 9kddkolqomtokgxaod5j,dkoIPo9kdd5j,\6jgrnjvo c]t 9kddkolqomtokgxaod5j,
.om5dM;afmtotme9t,u7eg;Qk s^n l5rklyfmuj,u7;k,\kpmeov’fP;dao <lv’sq;fu
d;jksq;fP;<D l5rklyfoUlvf7jv’da[7t8ylkdqo muj,ugoNv.o;jk lv’7qolk,kfcdh[aoskfud;jk
sn w;d;jkz6hfP;D
dkolqomtokgxaod5j, sn dkoIPogxaod5j,vkf9ecodwfhskpxtdko 3fp.-h9eo;olt,k-yd
sn ;ymudkogIaf;Pd.od5j,gxaogdoD d5j,vkfxtdv[fh;plt,k-yd lv’F lk,F lujF sqdF cxf7qo sn
s^kpd;jkoAo c]t Ij;,,ndaogIaf;Pd1jk’gxao]t[q[D dyf9tded5j,,us^kp1jk’g-ajoG 9a[76jgIaf
dyf9tde-j;pgsnvg-yj’dao c]t daoS c[j’d5j, grnjv-j;pdao7Qo7;hk];[];,0=h,6o c]t 0jk;lkoS
c[j’d5j, grnjv-j;pdao;yg7kt c]t cdh[aoskS c[j’d5j, grnjvgIafdyf9tdec0j’0ao c]t vnjoMD saddko
le7ao0v’dkolqomtokgxaod5j, sn dkoIPo9kdd5j,9trk.shc8j]t[5d7qoIPoI6hg]njv’oAowfhfu0BoD
& D& D& D& D& D dkooe.-hg0Qkl6j-u;yfxt9e;aodkooe.-hg0Qkl6j-u;yfxt9e;aodkooe.-hg0Qkl6j-u;yfxt9e;aodkooe.-hg0Qkl6j-u;yfxt9e;aodkooe.-hg0Qkl6j-u;yfxt9e;ao
|hkmujle7aomujsp5h’pkdvao|bj’0v’3I’IPo7n dkodP,oadIPo.shlk,kffe]q’-u;yf c]t
xtdv[vk-u[16j.o-5,-qowfh1jk’,uxtlyfmyzqoS ltoAo ;ymudko|bj’muj9t8v[lt|v’8+|hkmujvaole
7aooUc,jodkog-njv,8+7;k,lqo.9 c]t goNv.o;y-kdkomujlvo.o3I’IPo.shlvf7jv’da[-u;yf
xt9e;ao grnjvdP,.shoadIPorhv,muj9txtg-uoda[-u;yf9y’.ovtok7qfD
.oxaf95[ao1j6[k’3I’IPowfh,u l;o3I’IPoF l;o7q;F lt]hP’xkF dko8Ozhk c]t M]M
g-yj’gxao|bj’ 0v’dyf9tdedkoIPodkolvoD dyf9tde8jk’MgsqjkoU [+rP’c8jlk,kf.-hgxaosad
.odkolvo;y-ksaf4tdegmqjkoAoF c8j,aopa’lk,kf.-h.odkolvo;y-k3]dvhv,8q; c]t ;y-k
vnjoMvudF 8q;1jk’dkoxtdv[vk-u[8jk’M .o-u;yf9y’F g-ajoG dkogIafok{l;oF dkod+lhk’
[hkogInvoF dko7q,,tok7q,0qolqj’F dko8Ozhk c]t 8afspy[glNvzhkF g7njv’o5j’sqj,F gd,dko
sYo0v’gfadohvpF dkox5’c8j’ c]t dkoltlq,vkskoF dkoxqdxadIadlkxjkw,h c]t lyj’c;f]hv,
Iv[8q;F lt4komjule7ao8jk’MF [5o8jk’M c]t M]M mju,u.omhv’4yjo]h;oc8jgxao8q;1jk’mujlk,kf
oe.-hg0Qk.odkoIPodkolvo grnjvpqd]tfa[dkoIPo.shwfhIa[zqogxao1jk’fuD
grnjvgxaodkolt|a[lt|6ocdjdkoIPodkolvofaj’djk;F .oxB,c[[IPo c]t 76j,n76
9bj’wfh[ao95[qfg]qjkg]njv’F [qflqomtok c]t 7e4k,F rk[xtdv[ mujltcf’.shgsaodkog7njvows;
0v’7qoD ovd9kdoAoc]h;F grnjv.shgdufdkoIPoI6h3fpdkogsao c]t dko.-h9yo8tokdkoF
7totz6hIP[IP’wfhrtpkpk,.-hrklkmujgIaf9t.shgdufrk[rqf c]t .-hrk[xtdv[mujg\nvo
0v’9y’vudD
.odkofafcdh7A’oUF goNv.o[k’lj;o0v’;y-k3]dvhv,8q;gIqk xD# wfh4nd4jkp3vowxgxao
;y-k75olq,[aflbdlkF lj;og;]kIPoma’\qfpa’Iadlkw;h ** -qj;3,’7ngdqjkD xB,7j6,n76gs^A,oU
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
10
c[j’vvdgxao ## [qf g-yj’c8j]t[qf9t0t|koda[[qf.oxB,c[[IPo c]t xtdv[fh;plj;o8jk’M
faj’oUG sq;0=h [qfIPo Xma’]t[5w]ptg;]k.odkolvo?F 95fxtlq’F goNv.o8Qo8=F dyf9tdedkoIPo{
dkolvo c]t dko;af c]t xtg,uozqoD
IV. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
dko;af c]t xtg,uozqogxao0Ao8vo|bj’mjule7ao c]t 0kf[+wfh.o0t[;odko9afdko
IPodkolvoD 95fxtlq’8Qo8=0v’dko;af c]t xtg,uozqoc,jo grnjv-j;pgsnvoadIPo.sh,uzqo
dkoIPofu0BoD ltoAo .o-qj;3,’lvo|bj’M 767;ofegouodko;afzqo # w]pt7nG ;afzqodjvolvoF
;afzqo.o0totlvo c]t ;afzqosa’lvo g-yj’dko;afzqoc8j]t7A’,u95fxtlq’c8d8jk’daofaj’oUG
! D! D! D! D! D dko;afzqodjvolvoGdko;afzqodjvolvoGdko;afzqodjvolvoGdko;afzqodjvolvoGdko;afzqodjvolvoG c,jodko;afzqodjvodkolvo[qf.\j grnjv1aj’g[yj’7;k,rhv,0v’
oadIPo;jk,u7;k,I6h.og]njv’mju9tlvo.o-qj;3,’oU|hvpF s^kpxko.f grnjv769twfhsk;ymu
lqj’7;k,I6h.sh’jkp0BoD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D dko;afzqo]ts;jk’lvoGdko;afzqo]ts;jk’lvoGdko;afzqo]ts;jk’lvoGdko;afzqo]ts;jk’lvoGdko;afzqo]ts;jk’lvoG c,jodko;afzqo0totmju76de]a’lvo sn rkpsa’mjuoadIPole
g]afdkoxt8y[afdyf9tde.f|bj’ grnjvd;fg[yj’;jk,uoadIPo9eo;o|hvpskpxko.fleg]af
c]t [+leg]afdyf9tde sn [qfg/ydsafmju76;k’.sh grnjv9twfh-vdsk;ymu-j;pgsnvoadIPo
1jk’4nd8hv’ c]t maodkoD
# D# D# D# D# D dko;afzqosa’lvoGdko;afzqosa’lvoGdko;afzqosa’lvoGdko;afzqosa’lvoGdko;afzqosa’lvoG c,jodko;afzqosa’dkoIPo9q[[qfIPo|bj’MD 76fegouodko;af grnjv
.shI6h;jk.o-qj;3,’oU oadIPo[ao]58k,95fxtlq’0v’[qfIPo|hvps^kpxko.fF ,uoadIPo
9ad7qomju7;o.shdko-j;pgsnv c]t -j;pgsnv.ofhko.fD
le]a[0Ao8vodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo mju[ao95w;h.odkocotoedkolvoc8j]t[qfoAo
c,jodko;afzqos^a’dkolvo g-jy’769twfh;afzqodkoIPo0v’oadIPoma’lk,fhkoG 7;k,I6hF
mafltot7t8y c]t madlt g-yj’lk,kfgIafwfh3fpdkola’gdfF 8A’7e4k,.shoadIPo8v[ c]t
dkod;fzqo’koxt8y[af0v’oadIPoD lj;odko[aombdzqo0v’dko;afoAo 767;olhk’8k8t]k’
3fp,u]kp-nj0v’oadIPo c]t 95fxtlq’dkoIPoIh6mju8hv’dko;afzqoF
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
11
8q;1jk’G 8k8t]k’8yf8k,dko;afzqoS [qfmu @G 75oxt3spf0v’vksko
-nj c]t ok,ltd5o
lyj’mju8hv’dko;afzqo
7;k,
gvqk.9.lj
dko[vd-nj
vksko
ma’ # \;f
dko9afvksko.lj
\;f0v’,ao
dko[vd|hkmju
0v’vksko
c8j]t\;f
dkogIaf
[qfg/ydsaf
X4hk,u?
!D oD [5o,u lultvkf
@D oD [5olu [5o8k
#D mD 7efu ,u[5o
$D mD lq,\kp
&D DDDDDD DDDDDD DDDDD DDDDDD
zjko S [+zjko X8hv’wfh-j;pgsnv?
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
12
[qfmu ! [qfmu ! [qfmu ! [qfmu ! [qfmu ! \;fvksko\;fvksko\;fvksko\;fvksko\;fvksko
g;]k ! -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd-njvksko # \;fwfh
@D 9ecodvksko.oc8j]t\;fwfh
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
vksko,us^kp-toyfg-yj’9afvvdgxao # \;f g-ajoG \;fvkskomjugIaf.shIjk’dkp
c0’cI’F vkskomjugIaf.shIjk’dkpg8u[.spjF vksko mju.shrt]a’’kocdjIjk’dkp c]t gIaf.sh
Ijk’dkpg7njvows;wfhD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ 3xlg8uvksko # \;f
{ ltdHvf sn dk;
{ [af7e-njvksko sn [afI6[vkskoc8j]t-toyfg-ajo G gznvdF sq;,aoF g0Qk9ujF g0QkF oq,F
-UoF wdjF xkF oE,aoF vhvpF w0jF \kddhP’F zad[Q’DDD
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D ]tfq,lt\v’]tfq,lt\v’]tfq,lt\v’]tfq,lt\v’]tfq,lt\v’
{ 76.shoadIPo[vd;jk vkskomjuoadIPodyo.oc8j]t;ao,uspa’cfj L
{ lts5[G vkskomju7qogIqkdyo.oc8j]t;ao,us^kp1jk’g-ajoG g0QkF xkF -UoF oq,F w0jFzadF
\kdw,hDDD X.oc8j]t;aor;dgIqkdyovkskos^kp1jk’F [k’7qodyo7ndao c]t [k’7qo
dyo8jk’dao?D
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdfI6[\;fvkskola’gdfI6[\;fvkskola’gdfI6[\;fvkskola’gdfI6[\;fvkskola’gdfI6[\;fvksko
{ 76.shoadIPola’gdfI6[.oxN,c[[IPo c]h;[vd-njvkskomjuoadIPogsao.oc8j]t\;f
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[djP;da[-njvksko.oc8j]t\;f
# D# D# D# D# D 9ecodvksko # \;f9ecodvksko # \;f9ecodvksko # \;f9ecodvksko # \;f9ecodvksko # \;f
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j,8k,7;k,g\ktlq,
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
13
{ 761kp[afI6[vksko sn [af-njvkskos^kpM-toyfxqodao.shc8j]td5j,F
{ 76cotoe.shc8j]td5j,7Qo7;hk 3fpg]nvdgvqk[afvkskowx8yf8k,I6[.sh4nd8hv’8k,
\;fvksko.oI6[ # ]jP,mju76c8h,.ljdtfko sn xjvo.ljdjv' sn ;ymuvnjoM
8q;1jk'8q;1jk'8q;1jk'8q;1jk'8q;1jk'
d5j, mu !G .shg]nvdgvqk[afvkskowx8yf.ljvksko\;f !
d5j, mu @G g]nvdgvqk[afvkskowx8yf.ljvksko\;f @
d5j, mu #G g]nvdgvqk[afvkskowx8yf.ljvksko\;f #
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[ G vksko,us^kp-toyfg-yj’9afvvdgxao # \;f8k,dko.sh
xt3spf8+Ijk'dkp7n G
\;fmu !G\;fmu !G\;fmu !G\;fmu !G\;fmu !G vkskomju.shrt]a’’kocdjIjk’dkp c]t gIaf.shIjk’dkpg7njvows;
wfhcdjG -UoF wdjF xkF w0jF oq,DDD
\;fmu @G\;fmu @G\;fmu @G\;fmu @G\;fmu @G vkskomjugIaf.shIjk’dkpg8u[.spjwfhcdjG gznvdF sq;,aoF g0Qk9ujF g0QkF oq, DDD
\;fmu #G\;fmu #G\;fmu #G\;fmu #G\;fmu #G vkskomjugIaf.shIjk’dkpc0’cI’ X vksko.shmkf;y8k,yo ? wfhcdjzad
c]t \kdw,h-toyf8jk’MD
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[D 9kdoAo 76vtmy[kpG grnjv.shIjk’dkpg8u[.spj c]t
\;fmu !
\;fmu #\
;fmu @
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
14
c0’cI’F gIqk8hv’dyovksko.sh7q[ma’ # \;f c]t rP’r=da[7;k,8hv’dko
0v’Ijk’dkp.om5dM7k[g0QkD lyj’le7ao8hv’dyovksko.sh4ndg;]k c]t vksko
mujpjvp’jkp grnjvltf;d.odko0a[4jkp X4hk,u3xlg8uvksko # \;f.sh76pqd.sh
oadIPog[yj’ c]t vtmy[kpwxrhv,?D
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ la’gdf7;k,8A’.98+[qfIPo
{ dkoxtdv[7e7yf7egsao.odko7Qo7;hkd5j,
{ dko8v[7e4k,G
!D vksko,u9ad\;f c8j]t\;f,uspa’cfjL
@D wdjF xk c]t -Uo gryjo9af16j.ovksko\;f.fL
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
15
[qfmu @ 75oxt3spf0v’vksko[qfmu @ 75oxt3spf0v’vksko[qfmu @ 75oxt3spf0v’vksko[qfmu @ 75oxt3spf0v’vksko[qfmu @ 75oxt3spf0v’vksko
g;]k ! -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd75oxt3spf0v’vksko.oc8j]t\;f
@D [vdvkskomju7;odyo grnjv.shl50trk[lq,[6ofu
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
vksko,u75oxt3spf.odko[e]5’]hP’Ijk’dkp.sh9tg]uog8u[.spjF -j;p.shgIqk,urt]a’F
Ijk’dkpvq[v5jo c]t gIaf;Pd’kowfhfuS -j;p.odko8hkomkortpkfD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ 3xlg8uvksko # \;f
{ [af7ela[
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D 4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[
{ 768A’7e4k,8+oadIPoG r;dgIqk,ude]a’g7njvows;g|a’8u’wx,k c]t 9tg]uo
g8u[.spjwfhphvospa’ L X phvogIqkdyovkskomju,umkf[e]5’]hP’8+Ijk’dkp ?
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdfI6[.oxB,c[[IPola’gdfI6[.oxB,c[[IPola’gdfI6[.oxB,c[[IPola’gdfI6[.oxB,c[[IPola’gdfI6[.oxB,c[[IPo
{ 76.shoadIPola’gdfI6[ c]h;8v[7e4k,
!? gxaospa’gfadohvpmju,uvkp5gmqjkdao 9bj',u7;k,c8d8jk’mk’fhkoIjk’dkp L
Xphvodyovksko?
@? gIqklk,kfI6hwfhco;.f ;jkIjk’dkp,udkog8u[.spj L
X9kddko-aj’oE|ad c]t ;afcmd];’l6’?
#D 8n j,xt3spd.sh4nd8hv’#D 8n j,xt3spd.sh4nd8hv’#D 8n j,xt3spd.sh4nd8hv’#D 8n j,xt3spd.sh4nd8hv’#D 8n j,xt3spd.sh4nd8hv’
{ .shoadIPo8nj,7eg;Qk.lj.oxt3spd8+wxoU.sh4nd8hv’D
!? vkskoglu,lhk’DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
16
@? vksko-j;p.sh DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
#? vksko-j;p.shDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
$? vksko.shDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
{ 76.shoadIPoxt,ko ${& 7qo8v[
{ 76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolts5[7;k,4nd8hv'.odko8nj,xt3spd
$ D$ D$ D$ D$ D 4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[
{ 768A'7e4k,G
vkskoc8j]t1jk'.shspa'cdjgIqk L
{ 76gvqkg0QklkoF gznvdF ,aoF oE8ko.shoadIPo8e sn [qf.sh,5jo c]h;4k,oadIPo;jkG
lyj’mjuwfh,koAogryjogvUo;jkspa’ L Xcxh’? 9kdoAoF 9bj’rhv,daosk0=hlts5[;jkG g0QkF gznvdF
,aoDDD .shmkfcxh’cdjgIqkD
{ 76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolqomtok c]t vtmy[kpdjP;da[vksko\;fvnjoM .shmkf
vkskospa’cdjgIqk L
T -UoF xkF 4qj;F oq,F w0jDDD .sh3xi8yogxaolj;o.spjcdjgIqk
T oE,aornfF oE,aolaf .shmkfw0,aogxaolj;o.spj
T oEF gdnvF zadlqfDDD .shmkfgdnvcIjgxaolj;o.spj
T \kdw,h c]t zad .sh;y8k,yogxaolj;o.spj
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[G vkskoc8j]t-toyf,umkfvksko8jk’dao c]t ,uxt]y,ko
mkfvksko[+7ndaoD [k’-toyfs^kpF [k’-toyf|hvp8q;1jk’vkskoxtgrf-UoF xkF
oq, c]t w0j,u3xi8yos^kpS ovd9kdoUvkskoxtgrfvnjod=,u3xi8yo16joe c8j,u
|hvpd;jk c]t vksko\;fvnjoM d=g-ajofP;daoD faj’oAoF.o;ao|bj’r;dgIqk8hv’dyo
vksko.sh7q[\;f F 7q[ # 7k[ 7n g-QkF l;kp c]t c]’D ovd9kdoAo .opk,;jk’
d=7;odyovkskog[qk8nj,g-ajoG \kdw,hF g0Qk|q, sn vnjoM c]t fnj,oEm5d7A’sa’9kddyo
vkskoF oEmjufnj,8hv’ltvkfD
vksko c8j]t-toyf,umkfvksko8jk’dao c]t ,uxt]y,komkfvksko[+7ndaoF
[k’-toyfskpF [k’-toyf|hvp8q;1jk’ G vkskoxtgrf-UoF xkF oq,F w0j c]t
4qj;,u3xi8yoskpS ovd9kdoU vkskoxtgrfvnjod=,u3xi8yo16joe c8jd=,u|hvpd;jk c]t
vkskoxtgrfvnjoMd=g-ajofP;daoD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
17
& D& D& D& D& D la’gdfI6[\;fvkskola’gdfI6[\;fvkskola’gdfI6[\;fvkskola’gdfI6[\;fvkskola’gdfI6[\;fvksko
{ .shoadIPola’gdfI6[.oxN,c[[IPo c]h;8v[7e4k,8+wxoUG
!? vksko\;f.f-j;p.shIjk’dkp0v’gIqk8hkomkortpkf c]t 0a[4jkplyj’glfgsnv
vvd9kdIjk’dkp L D
Xc,jovksko\;fmu # g-ajoG zadlqfF \kdw,hlqfF gdnvcIj8jk’MF vkskogs^qjkoU
.sh;y8k,yocdj7qogIqk?D
@? vksko\;f.f-j;p.shIjk’dkp0v’gIqkg8u[.spj L
Xc,jovksko\;fmu @ g-ajoG cxh’F oE8koF oE,aornfF oE,aolaf DDD ?
#? vksko\;f.f-j;p.shIjk’dkpgIqkc0’cI’ c]t .shrt]a’’kocdjgIqk L
Xc,jovksko \;f mu ! g-ajoG -UoF wdj F xkF w0jF oq,F 4qj;DDD ?
$? gIqk7;og]nvddyovkskoco;.f 9bj’9tgIaf.shIjk’dkpc0’cI’lq,[6ofu c]t
sudg;Ao9kdrtpkfwfh L
XgIqk7;og]nvddyovksko.sh7q[\;f c]t dyo.shr=fu grnjvgIaf.shIjk’dkpc0’cI’
lq,[6ofu c]t sudg;Ao9kdrtpkfwfh?D
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[8k,7e4k,F
{ sa’9kdoAo 76vtmy[kpgruj,g8u,djP;da[75oxt3spf0v’vksko.oc8j]t\;f8+Ijk’dkp
0v’7qogIqkD
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ [qfg/ydsafG .shoadIPo\kp;q’vhv,.lj0=hmju4nd8hv’
!D -UoF xkF oq,F 4qj; -j;p.shIjk’dkp0v’gIqk
dD c0’cI’
0D g8u[.spj
7D 8hkomkortpkf
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
18
[qfmu # dko0kfmkfvksko[qfmu # dko0kfmkfvksko[qfmu # dko0kfmkfvksko[qfmu # dko0kfmkfvksko[qfmu # dko0kfmkfvksko
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vdlkgsfmjurk.shIjk’dkp0kfmkfvkskowfh
@D [vdzqoIhkp c]t rtpkfmjugduf9kddko0kfmkfvkskowfh
#D [vd;ymuxhv’dao grnjv[+.shIjk’dkp0kfmkfvkskowfh
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
dkog]nvddyovksko8k,.9,ad9trk.shIjk’dkpwfhIa[mkfvksko[+7q[4h;o c]t [+
rP’r=da[7;k,8hv’dko0v'Ijk'dkp g-yj'9trk.sh0kfmkfvkskowfhD dko0kfmkfvksko
c8j]t-toyfgxaog;]kfqooko 9trk.shgdufrtpkf8jk’MD ltoAoF gIqk7;odyovksko.sh7q[
m5d\;fF rP’r=.oc8j]t7k[D [+7;odyovkskoltgrktmju8qo,adgmqjkoAo D
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ I6[7qogxaortpkf0kfmkfvksko
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D 4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[
{ .shoadIPoxt,ko ({ ) 7qo [vd-njvkskomju8qogv’,addyo L
{ 768A’7e4k,oadIPo;jkG gxaospa’9bj’,addyovksko-toyfoAo L X .sh[vdgsfzqomjug0qk
g9Qk,addyo ?D
{ 760Po7e8v[0v’oadIPo.ljdtfkoD
{ sa’9kdoAo 768A’7e4k,lqomtok
!? vkskoc8j]t1jk’mjuoadIPo,addyo,uxt3spfspa’cfj L
@? gxaospa’9bj’[+7;odyovkskoltgrktmju8qo,adrP’1jk’fP;gmqjkoAo L
#? 4hkoadIPodyovksko[+7q[\;f c]t [+rP’r=9tgxaoco;.f L
{ 76lts5[ G vkskoc8j]t1jk’,uxt3spf8jk’dao g-ajo G -Uo F xkF w0jF oq,DDDD ,uvksko
.shmkf3xi8yoF mkfcxh’F w0,ao c8j[+,u;y8k,yoF ltoAo 4hkg]nvddyovksko8k,.9
,adrP’1jk’fP;9trk.shgdufrtpkf0kfmkfvkskowfhD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
19
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdfI6[7qogxaortpkf0kfmkfvkskola’gdfI6[7qogxaortpkf0kfmkfvkskola’gdfI6[7qogxaortpkf0kfmkfvkskola’gdfI6[7qogxaortpkf0kfmkfvkskola’gdfI6[7qogxaortpkf0kfmkfvksko
{ 76.shoadIPola’gdfI6[djP;da[rtpkf mjugduf9kddko0kfmkfvksko.oxB,c[[IPo
{ 768ah’7e4k,lqomtokwx8k,c8j]tI6[;jkG gxaortpkfspa’ L lkgsfphvospa' L
vkdkogxaoco;.f L c]t 9t,u;ymuxhv'daoco;.fgrnjv[+.shgxaortpkffaj'djk;g-ajoG
I6[I6[I6[I6[I6[G xkd F ,ug]nvfvvd8k,g2oc0h; X 0kfvksko9er;d;y8k,yog- ?
I6[GI6[GI6[GI6[GI6[G gfadohvp9jvpF mhv’x5h’F sq;.spjF c0o0k]u[ X ]k;gxao-k’phvo0kfmkfvksko
9er;d3xi8yo g-ajoG 9er;d-UoF xkF oq,?D
I6[GI6[GI6[GI6[GI6[G 7qogxao7=|P' X 0kfmkfvuvqfF vkskomtg] ?
I6[GI6[GI6[GI6[GI6[G gfadohvp.ljc;jo8k X gxao8k2k'F [+gsaoI5j' ?
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[djP;da[rtpkfF lkgsfF vkdko c]t ;ymuxhv’dao3fpla’];,
goNv.o.lj8k8t]k’faj’8+wxoUG
rtpkf lkgsf vkdko ;ymuxhv’dao
-k’ 0kf3xi8yo oE|ads5f]q’F 9jvpF dyo-UoF w0jF oq,F
mhv’.spj 4qj;8jk’M
7=|P’ 0kfmkfgdnvvuvqf 7=.spjF vjvogrpF dyogdnvvuvqf c]t
dyovksko c]t vkskomtg]
skp.9pkd
g9a[8k 0kf;y8k,yovk 8k2k’F g9a[8kF g7nv’8k dyozadlqf
8kcsh’[+,uoE8k
gxhp]jvp 0kf;y8k,yo sq;3xF dQoohvp]u[ dyozad c]t
c0j’0k]u[ c]t 7qf \kdw,hF g0Qk8e
g]nvfvvd 0kf;y8k,yog- g]nvfvvd8k,g2aoc0h; dyozadlqf
8k,g2aoc0h; c]t \kdw,h
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
20
{ 76cotoeoadIPo8jn, G grnjvxhv’dao[+.shIjk’dkp0kfmkfvksko c8j]t;ao7;odyo
vksko.sh7q[m5d\;f c]t rP’r=da[7;k,8hv’dko0v’Ijk’dkpF [+7;odyovk
skoltgrktmju8qo,adgmqjkoAoD
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kd G767;ory9k]tok9kd G767;ory9k]tok9kd G767;ory9k]tok9kd G767;ory9k]tok9kd G
{ 7;k,4nd8hv' c]t shk;sao.odko8v[7e4k,
!D rtpkfmjugduf9kddko0kfvksko,uspa’cfj L
@D 4hkdyovksko[+7q[9trk.shgxaoco;.f L
#D oadIPo9tgIafco;.f grnjvxhv’dao[+.shIjk’dkp0kfmkfvksko L
[qfmu $ [qfmu $ [qfmu $ [qfmu $ [qfmu $ rtpkfc,jdk/kd.o]ewlhrtpkfc,jdk/kd.o]ewlhrtpkfc,jdk/kd.o]ewlhrtpkfc,jdk/kd.o]ewlhrtpkfc,jdk/kd.o]ewlh
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd-nj c]t ]adltot0v’c,jdk/kd]ewlhc8j]t-toyf
@D [vdlkgsf c]t vkdko0v’dko8yfc,jdk/kd]ewlh
#D [vdzqoIhkp0v’dko8yfc,jrtpkf]ewlh
$D [vd;ymuxhv’daodko8yf8+0v’rtpkffaj’djk;
&D oegvqk[qfIPowxgzupcrj.sh7qovnjo.o7v[7q; c]t -5,-qo D
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
c,jrtpkfdk/kd.o]ewlh,uskp-toyfF [k’-toyflk,kf8yf8+daowfh3fpmk’xkd c]t
[k’-toyf8yf8+mk’zy;|a’D dko8yf8+0v’c,jrtpkfc,jophvow0j0v’c,jmhv’9t4nd0a[4jkp
vvd,kmk’vk9q,F z6hmju,uc,jmhv'9tltcf’vkdkovvds^kp1jk’D r;dgIqklk,kfxhv’dao
3fp4jkp.lj;yfF dyofnj,ltvkfF g7njv’o5j’ltvkf c]t mju16jvkwlltvkfD
III. ln jdkoIPodkolvo ln jdkoIPodkolvo ln jdkoIPodkolvo ln jdkoIPodkolvo ln jdkoIPodkolvo
{ 3xlg8u ;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’dq,
{ 3xlg8u ;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’xkd0=
{ 3xlg8u dkoxhv’dao9kddko8yf8+0v’rtpkfc,jmhv’
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
21
{ -5fgd,c,jdk/kd]ewlh X4hk3I’IPo.f,uv5xtdvodjv’lu2hkd=.shoe.-hdjv’faj’djk;
,klyflvo ?
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lqomtoklqomtoklqomtoklqomtoklqomtok
{ 768A'7e4k,G
!? oadIPog7upgsaoc,jmhv’[+F gsao16j.l L
@? ,ao,u]adltotco;.f L gIafco;.f 9bj’I6h;jk8qogv’,uc,jmhv’ L
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[7e8v[8k,7;k,9y'D
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdfI6[c,jmhv'-toyf8jk'Mla’gdfI6[c,jmhv'-toyf8jk'Mla’gdfI6[c,jmhv'-toyf8jk'Mla’gdfI6[c,jmhv'-toyf8jk'Mla’gdfI6[c,jmhv'-toyf8jk'M
{ .shoadIPola’gdfI6[c,jmhv’-toyf8jk’M.oxB,c[[IPoc]h;8v[7e4k,G
!? rtpkfc,jdk/kd]ewlh,u-toyf.fcfj L
@? ]adltot0v’c,jmhv’faj’djk;gxaoco;.f L
{ 76 c]t oadIPolts5[G c,jmhv',us^kp-toyf g-ajoG c,jmhv’dq,F c,jmhv’cxF c,jmhv’
g0a,\5f XglAofhkp?F c,jmhv’xkd0= S c8j]t-toyf,uI6[Ijk’]adltotc8d8jk'dao
Xg[yj'8k,xB,c[[IPo sn 3xlg8u?D
# D# D# D# D# D 7Qo7;hkgxaod5j, lbdlk;q'9vodko8yf8+0v'c,jmhv'7Qo7;hkgxaod5j, lbdlk;q'9vodko8yf8+0v'c,jmhv'7Qo7;hkgxaod5j, lbdlk;q'9vodko8yf8+0v'c,jmhv'7Qo7;hkgxaod5j, lbdlk;q'9vodko8yf8+0v'c,jmhv'7Qo7;hkgxaod5j, lbdlk;q'9vodko8yf8+0v'c,jmhv'
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxao & d5j, c]h;.shla’gdfI6[rk[;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’
.oxB,c[[IPo sn 4hk,u3xlg8u d=.sh7661kp.shd5j,]t ! czjo grnjv7Qo7;hkd5j,]t ! sq;0=hg-ajoG
;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’dq,;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’dq,;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’dq,;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’dq,;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’dq,
;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’xkd0=;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’xkd0=;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’xkd0=;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’xkd0=;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’xkd0=
;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’cx;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’cx;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’cx;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’cx;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’cx
;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’g0a,;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’g0a,;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’g0a,;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’g0a,;q’9vodko8yf8+0v’c,jmhv’g0a,
{ .shc8j]td5j,8v[7e4k, 8k,3xlg8umju8qowfhIa[G
!? lkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’,uspa’cfj L
@? vkdko0v’dko8yfc,jmhv’gxaoco;.f L
#? 9t,u;ymuxhv’dao9kddko8yfc,jmhv’co;.f L
{ .shz6h8k’|hkc8j]td5j,0Boltg|u
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
22
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[G
c,jmhv’dq,c,jmhv’dq,c,jmhv’dq,c,jmhv’dq,c,jmhv’dq,
lkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’dq,lkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’dq,lkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’dq,lkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’dq,lkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’dq,
w0jc,jmhv’ w0j0v’c,jmhv’9tvvd,koe vk9q,9kddko4jkp-t-kp8k,|hkfyoc]h;
8yfl6jrnfzadF fyoDDD g,njvgIqkdyo zadmju]hk’[+ltvkf sn sYofyo w0jd=9tg0Qkl6jxkd c]h;g8u[.spj
gxaoc,jmhv’8q;cdj.o]ewlh0v’7qogIqkD
vkdkovkdkovkdkovkdkovkdko
gfadohvpmju,uc,jmhv’dq,s^kp Ijk’dkp9t9jvpzv,F mhv’x5h’F g[njvvkskoF g9a[mhv’F
l50trk[vjvogrp grkt,aopkfdyovkskooe7qogIqkF gIaf.shIjk’dkp0kf mkfvkskoF rk.sh
dko9tg]uog8u[380v’lt\v’ c]t Ijk’dkp-ad-hkD z6h.f,uc,jmhv’dq,s^kp9tgIaf.sh]ewlh8ao
vkfg4y’cdj7;k,8kpwfhD
;ymuxhv’dao;ymuxhv’dao;ymuxhv’dao;ymuxhv’dao;ymuxhv’dao
T 4jkp.lj;yf
T ]hk’,n.shltvkf djvodyovksko c]t sa’.-h;yf4jkp
T 4hk9tdyozadfy[8hv’]hk’.shltvkf c]t c-jzadfh;poEgdnv
c,jmhv'xkd0=c,jmhv'xkd0=c,jmhv'xkd0=c,jmhv'xkd0=c,jmhv'xkd0=
c,jmhv’xkd0=9t8yfmk’zy;|a’ g-ajoG w0j0v’,ao9tvvd,koevk9q, c]t 1kp-t-kp
8k,fyo7ndaoF 8+,kw0j0v’r;d,aod=9tg[ktvvd,kgxaoc,jmhv’8q;ohvpMvkwl8k,fyoF gfujo[hkoF
mqj’okD 4hkz6h.f[+.ljgdu[1P[gvqkr;d,aod=9t-u c]t \Qog0QkrNo8uo sn 8yf8k,,n0v’z6hoAo1jk’w;
c]h;g0Qkl6j]ewlh0v’7qoD c,jmhv’xkd0=f6fdyog]nvf0v’7qogIqkF gIaf.shgIqkg,njvp[+,ucI’rk.sh
rafmtokdkomk’fhkoIjk’dkp c]t lt\v’-ad-hk D
;ymuxhv’dao G;ymuxhv’dao G;ymuxhv’dao G;ymuxhv’dao G;ymuxhv’dao G
T 4jkp.lj;yf sudg;Aodko4jkp-t-kp
T g,njvpjk’8k,fyo sn 0U8q,8hv’.ljgdu[m5d7A’
T ]hk’,n c]t ]hk’8uo.shltvkf
c,jmhv’cxc,jmhv’cxc,jmhv’cxc,jmhv’cxc,jmhv’cx
lkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’8q;cxlkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’8q;cxlkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’8q;cxlkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’8q;cxlkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’8q;cx
w0j0v’c,jmhv’cx mjuvvd,kmk’vk9q,0v’7qomju4jkp-t-kpF ,ao9tcrj0tspkp
wx8k,fyo c]t .[sphkS g,njvlafdyosphk,kdyo c]h;dnow0jc,jmhv’g0Qkwxw0j9t4ndlqj’wx8k,
g]nvfwx/a’8q;16j8k,-Uo0v’laf X-Uomjugxaolko?D g,njv7qogIqkdyo-Uofy[ g-ajo G \6F ’q;F 7;kpmju,u
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
23
rtpkfgxaolkod=9t8yfc,jmhv’cxwfhD
vkdkoGvkdkoGvkdkoGvkdkoGvkdkoG
7qomju,uc,jmhv’8q;cx 9t,uvkdkogs’qkovog]NvpMF oE|ads^5fF 4hk,us^kp[k’7A’
c,jmhv’cx9ts5fvvd,kmk’I6mt;ko gxaoglAopk;M sn gxao0=h 9kdoAoc,jmhv’d=lk,kf
crjl6j7qovnjowfhD
;ymuxhv’daoG;ymuxhv’daoG;ymuxhv’daoG;ymuxhv’daoG;ymuxhv’daoG
T [+7;odyovkskofy[F l5dMfy[Mmjux5’c8j’9kd-Uo\6F -Uo’q;F -Uo7;kp
T [+dyo-Uomjugxaolko
T 7;o4jkp.lj;yfm5d7A’
T dyozad c]t \kdw,hmju]hk’ltvkf c]t c-joEgdnv
c,jmhv’g0a,c,jmhv’g0a,c,jmhv’g0a,c,jmhv’g0a,c,jmhv’g0a,
lkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’g0a,Glkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’g0a,Glkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’g0a,Glkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’g0a,Glkgsfmjurk.sh8yfc,jmhv’g0a,G
w0j0v’c,jmhv’g0a,9t8yf16jda[0U/5jo sn dt9kp8yf8k,glNvzhkF g7njv’[jvo16j[jvoovo
4hk[+]hk’,n w0j0v’c,jmhv’d=9t8yfg0Qkwx.oIjk’dkp c]t lk,kf8yf8+wxl6jm5d7qo.o7v[7q;wfhD
vkdkoGvkdkoGvkdkoGvkdkoGvkdkoG
c,jmhv’g0a,38c,j9tvvd,k;k’w0j16jI6mt;koF z6hmju,uc,jmhv’g0a,9t7ao16j[=]yg;oI6mt;koD
gIqklk,kfgsaoc,jmhv’-toyfouh pk,c]’8vosq;7OD fh;pdko8ujg[yj’I6mt;ko sn 8k,[=]yg;o
vtw;pt;tgrf 3fpltgrktc,jogrfpy’D
;ymuxhv’daoG;ymuxhv’daoG;ymuxhv’daoG;ymuxhv’daoG;ymuxhv’daoG
T o5j’g7njv’mjultvkf 3fpltgrkt3lh’-hvo.o
T mju16jvkwl c]t [jvoovo8hv’ltvkf rhv,ma’\ajogvqkvvd8kdcff
T 8afg]a[,n g]a[8uo.shlAo c]t .shltvkf
T ]hk’,n.shltvkf djvo c]t sa’dyovksko c]t sa’4jkp|ad
$D 8n j,xt3spd.sh4nd8hv'djP;da[;ymuxhv'dao9kdrtpkfc,jdk/kd$D 8n j,xt3spd.sh4nd8hv'djP;da[;ymuxhv'dao9kdrtpkfc,jdk/kd$D 8n j,xt3spd.sh4nd8hv'djP;da[;ymuxhv'dao9kdrtpkfc,jdk/kd$D 8n j,xt3spd.sh4nd8hv'djP;da[;ymuxhv'dao9kdrtpkfc,jdk/kd$D 8n j,xt3spd.sh4nd8hv'djP;da[;ymuxhv'dao9kdrtpkfc,jdk/kd
{ 76.shoadIPo8nj,0=h7;k,.ljxt3spd8+wxoUG
!? 8hv'4jkpDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
@? zadmju9tdyo8hv'DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
#? ]hk',nDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
$? 8hv'dyovksko DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
24
&? .ljgdu[ DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
{ 76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolts5[ djP;da[;ymuxhv’dao[+.sh8yfrtpkfc,jdk/kd8jk’M
8k,;q'9vo.oxN,c[[IPo s^n .o3xltg8u 8hv’xt8y[afsadvtokw,7nG
T 8hv’4jkp.lj;yfm5d7A’F sudg;Aodko4jkp-t-kp
T 8hv’dyovkskomjul5d
T dyozadmjultvkf c]t c-jfh;poEgdnv
T ]hk’,n.ljlt[6djvo c]t sa’dyovksko c]t sa’.-h;yf4jkp
T 8hv’.ljgdu[m5d7A’g;]kpjk’8k,fyo
T [+dyo-Uo sn xkl5dMfy[M 8hv’x5’c8j’.shl5dfu
T Iadlk7;k,ltvkfIjk’dkp c]t mju16jvkwl.shltvkf16jltg\u D
VDDDDD dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ la’gdf9kdrbf8yde8q;9y’.odkovtokw, c]t xhv’daortpkf
{ [qfg/ydsaf G
!D 7;o]hk’DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDdjvodyovksko c]t sa’.-h;yf4jkp
@D g;]kvvd9kdgInvo sn 1P[fyo8hv’.ljDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
#D c,jmhv’dq,8yf8+wfhmk’.fcfj L
$D c,jmhv’xkd0=8yfwfhmk’.fcfj L
&D grnjvxhv’daodkocrjdt9kp0v’c,jmhv’7;ogIafco;.fD
*D gxaospa’9bj’[j=.shdyoxkfy[ c]t -Uofy[ L
7ecotoe7ecotoe7ecotoe7ecotoe7ecotoe
4hk,ug;]k.sh76oerkoadIPosYogd,-5fglu,lhk’c,jdk/kdv5xtdvo.odjv’lu2hkD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
25
[qfmu & [qfmu & [qfmu & [qfmu & [qfmu & dkodyovkskomju4nd8hv’dkodyovkskomju4nd8hv’dkodyovkskomju4nd8hv’dkodyovkskomju4nd8hv’dkodyovkskomju4nd8hv’
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vdwfhsaddkodyovkskomju4nd8hv’.oc8j]t;ao
@D [vd-njvkskomju7;odyo c]t [+7;odyo
#D [vd;ymudkodyovkskomju4ndsadvtokw,
$D xt8y[afsadvtokw,mjultvkf.odkodyovksko
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
.o;ao|bj’gIqk7;odyovksko.sh4nd8hv’8k,g;]k 7q[ # 7k[S dyovkskomjultvkf8k,sad
vtokw,F 7q[\;f c]t rP’r=da[7;k,8hv’dko0v’Ijk’dkp 9bj’9tgIaf.shIjk’dkpg8u[.spj
lq,w; c]t rk.shl50trk[c0’cI’fu D
III. ln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvo
{ da[ @ da[F da[|bj’0Po;jk <7;o< c]t vudda[|bj’0Po;jk <[+7;o<D
{ [af-njvksko X 76zt]yfgv’3fp0Po-njvksko]q’.o[af g-yj’[af|bj’.[le]a[-njvksko
! -toyfD [af-njvkskoxtdv[,uG vkskol5dF vkskofu F vkskofy[ vkskol5dMfy[F
vkskofv’F vksko.ljluF vkskogzaf c]t vksko[+ltvkfDDD ?
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D 4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[
{ 768A’7e4k,G .o;ao|bj’oadIPodyog0Qk9ad7k[ .oc8j]t7k[dyospa’cfj L
{ 76lts5[7e8v[9kdoadIPo
{ 76c8h,8k8t]k’.ljdtfko
{ .shoadIPo[vd-njvkskomjudyo.oc8j]t7k[g0Qk0v’,N;kooU,uspa’cfj c]h;.sh76
[aombd.lj8k8t]k’faj’8q;1jk’8+wxoUD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
26
{ 76g]nvdgvqkxt,ko lv’lk,8q;1jk’grnjv,kxP[mP[ sa’9kdoAo 76 c]t oadIPo
rhv,daolqomtokIj;,dao8k,7e4k,G vkskomjuoadIPodyo7q[4h;o s^n pa’ c]t
,uspa’7;o9tgruj,g8u, L
{ 76vtmy[kp.oc8j]t;aogIqk8hv’dyovksko.sh7q[ # 7k[ g-ajoG g-QkF l;kp c]t c]’
3fpltgrktvksko7k[g-Qk gxaovkskos^admjule7ao grkt;jkmhv’0v’gIqk
;jk’,kskp-qj;3,’9kd8vodk’7noD faj’oAo Ijk’dkp 9bj’8hv’dkovksko grnjvgruj,
rt]a’’ko-j;p.shIjk’dkpg7njvows;wfhfuD c8j]t7k[7;o .sh7q[ # \;f c]t rP’r=
da[7;k,8hv’dko0v’Ijk’dkp D
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la'gdfI6[sa^ddkodyovkskola'gdfI6[sa^ddkodyovkskola'gdfI6[sa^ddkodyovkskola'gdfI6[sa^ddkodyovkskola'gdfI6[sa^ddkodyovksko
{ .shoadIPola'gdfI6[.oxB,c[[IPo c]h;8v[7e4k,G
!? oadIPola'gdfgsao saddkodyovkskogxaoco;.fL
@? 4hk;jkgIqkdyoc8jvksko\;f.f|bj’gmqjkoAo Ijk’dkpgIqk9tgxaoco;.f L
{ 76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolqomtokgrnjvlts5[8k,I6[D
# D# D# D# D# D s^Yogd, 7;o c]t [+7;os^Yogd, 7;o c]t [+7;os^Yogd, 7;o c]t [+7;os^Yogd, 7;o c]t [+7;os^Yogd, 7;o c]t [+7;o
{ 76vtmy[kp;ymusYodyf9tde.shoadIPo\qfshv’2a’
{ 76gvqk[af7e-njvksko.shoadIPovjkogmnjv]t[af c]h;xjvo.lj4q’ sn da[ 7;o sn [+7;o
g-yj’gsao;jk4nd8hv’mjul5frkp.odeoqfg;]kmju8A’w;hD
{ sa’9kdmjuoadIPoxjvo[af.lj4q’ sn da[ IP[Ihvpc]h; 76 c]t oadIPo-j;pdaod;f
c]t oa[9eo;o[afmju4nd8hv’D
-njoadIPo mhk; d mhk; 0 mhk; 7
8vo0v';ao
g-Qk w0jF g0Qk|q,F oq, cd'zadF g0QkF oEs;ko -YoxU'F g0QkF dh;p
l;kp DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
c]' DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
27
{ 76cotoegruj,g8u,djP;da[vkskomju7;odyo c]t [+7;odyoD
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[ saddkodyovkskomju4nd8hv’7;oxt8y[affaj’oUG
T dyovksko.sh7q[ # \;f.oc8j]t7k[
T dyovkskomjul5dF lqf c]t ltvkf
T [+dyovkskofy[ sn vkskol5dMfy[M g-ajoG -Uo c]t xkfy[
T fnj,oEltvkfm5d7A’ sa’9kddyovksko
T sudg;AovkskogzafF g7a, F vkskofv’ c]t vksko.ljlu
T [+dyovksko[6fgoqjk c]t ,uc,’;ao8v,
T dyovksko.shgxaog;]k c]t 7q[ # 7k[
T ]hk’,ndjvo c]t sa’9kdIa[xtmkovksko
T 7;o.-h[j;’ c]t lhv,8advksko
T spEvksko.shcs^d]tvPfdjvo9tdno grnjv-j;p.shdtgrkt[+gIaf;Pd|ad
T g;]kIa[xtmkovksko[+1vdwpdaogrnjvsudg;Aov5[afgsf.og;]kdnovksko
T 4hkIa[xtmkovkskoIj;,da[7qovnjo8hv’.-h[j;’8advksko8jk’skd grnjvxhv’dao
dkocrjg-NvrtpkfD
#D 4hk3I’IPo.f,ug’njvow076.shoadIPogvqkvkskowxdyoIj;,dao c]t 76la’gdfrbf
8yde8q;9y’0v’oadIPo.odkodyovkskomju4nds^advtokw,D s^a’9kdoAo768A’7e
4k,lqomtokG
!D djvodyovksko oadIPo7;ogIafspa’ L
@D ,u.zcfj]hk’,ndjvodyovksko L
#D 4hk.-h[j;’Ij;,dao8addyovksko9t,uzqoIhkpco;.f L
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,gvqk.9.lj.odkosUogd,
{ dko8v[7e4k,
{ [qfg/ydsafG
!D djvodyovksko 7;oxt8y[af8qoco;.f L
@D gxaospa’9bj’[+.shdyovkskofy[ sn l5dMfy[M L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
28
[qfmu * [qfmu * [qfmu * [qfmu * [qfmu * dkovtokw, # ltvkfdkovtokw, # ltvkfdkovtokw, # ltvkfdkovtokw, # ltvkfdkovtokw, # ltvkf
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd-njsadvtokw, # ltvkf
@D gvqk.9.ljxt8y[afsadvtokw,1jk’4nd8hv’
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
grnjvgIaf.shIjk’dkp,ul50trk[c0’cI’ xklt9kd3]dwrw0hg9a[ m5d7qo8hv’gvqk.9.lj
xt8y[afsadvtokw, # ltvkf7n dyofnj,ltvkfF o5j’sqj,ltvkf c]t 16jltvkfD ovd9kdoAo
gIqk8hv’me9yf.9.shlqf-njoc9j,.lD
III. ln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvo
{ 3xlg8uIadlkvtokw,-j;pxhv’daortpkf
{ [af7ela[g-ajoG
1jk1jk1jk1jk1jk 4jkp4jkp4jkp4jkp4jkp mqj;mu[mqj;mu[mqj;mu[mqj;mu[mqj;mu[
]hk’,n djvo dyog0Qk
.-h lt[6 ]hk’,n
dyozad mju ltvkf
1jk4Y, 0UgspNv -t-kp
8af g]a[,n g]a[8uo
1jklaj’ 0U,6d mqj;mu[
o5j’3lh’glNv mju ltvkf
4jkp|ad c]h; ]hk’,n
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvodyf9tdedkoIPodkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lqomtokdjP;da[dkovtokw,lqomtokdjP;da[dkovtokw,lqomtokdjP;da[dkovtokw,lqomtokdjP;da[dkovtokw,lqomtokdjP;da[dkovtokw,
{ 768A’7e4k,G
.oc8j]t;aooadIPowfhgIafdkovtokw,spa’cfj L Xvk[oEF ltzq,F 46c0h;F -ad
g7njv’o5j’F xafd;kfgInvo-koDDD ?
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
29
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdfI6[dkovtokw, # ltvkfla’gdfI6[dkovtokw, # ltvkfla’gdfI6[dkovtokw, # ltvkfla’gdfI6[dkovtokw, # ltvkfla’gdfI6[dkovtokw, # ltvkf
{ 76.shoadIPola’gdfI6[.oxB,c[[IPo c]h;8v[7e4k,G sadvtokw, # ltvkf,u
spa’cfj L pqd8q;1jk’c8j]tfhkoD 4hkgIqk[+xt8y[af9tgxaoco;.f L
{ 76vtmy[kp.shoadIPoI6h;jk sadvtokw, # ltvkf,u7nG dyofnj,ltvkfF o5j’sqj,ltvkf
c]t 16jltvkf g-yj'gvUo;jkG sadvtokw, # ltvkfF saddkoc8j]tfhko,u7nG
T <dyofnj,ltvkf <\kpg4y'G dyovkskolqfmju]hk’ltvkfF vkskol5dF [+dyovksko
[6fgoqjk sn ,uc,’;ao8v,DDD c]t fnj,oEmjultvkfD
T <o5j’sqj,ltvkf< \kpg4y'-adg7njv’o5j’ sn o5j’g7jnv’mjultvkfF lj;o8afg]a[8uoF g]a[,n
.shlAo c]t ltvkfF vk[oEF ltzq,DDD \kpg4y’dkovtokw,Ijk’dkpS
T <16jltvkf< \kpg4y'xafd;kfgInvo-koF [jvo16jvkwl c]t vtokw,lt4ko
mju8jk’M mju,udkorq;raog4y’lyj’c;f]hv,mju16jvkwlltvkfD
@D s^Yogd,]Po[afdkovtokw, # ltvkf@D s^Yogd,]Po[afdkovtokw, # ltvkf@D s^Yogd,]Po[afdkovtokw, # ltvkf@D s^Yogd,]Po[afdkovtokw, # ltvkf@D s^Yogd,]Po[afdkovtokw, # ltvkf
{ 76vtmy[kp;ymudkosUogd,
{ 76gvUooadIPovklklt\adxt,ko * 7qovvd,kdtfko F lj;omjugsnv.shgxaoz6hla'gdfD
{ c[j’oadIPovvdgxao @ d5j, M]t # 7qo vvd,k1no8+|hkdtfkoD
{ sa’9kdoAo 76vjkogoNv.oxt3spdlv’gmnjv grnjv.shoadIPo9njwfh
{ oadIPoc8j]tdj5, c0j’0aodao9a[gvqk[af7ela[z6h]t.[F c8j.shxyjo8q;|a’lng0Qksk|hk
gvyd0v’8q;gv’w;hdjvo 3fp[+mao.sh.zgsaoD
{ s^a’9kdoAo 76laopko.shoadIPoc8j]td5j,gxuf[af7ela[g[hnv’ mju,u8q;|a’lnvvd,k
grnjv8+]Podao.shgxaoxt3spdmju4nd8hv’D
8q;1jk’xt3spdG8q;1jk’xt3spdG8q;1jk’xt3spdG8q;1jk’xt3spdG8q;1jk’xt3spdG
<1jk4jkpmqj;mu[< 4hk]Po[+4ndd=9tgxao <mqj;1jk4jkpmu[< sn <mu[mqj;1jk4jkp<
8q;1jk’G8q;1jk’G8q;1jk’G8q;1jk’G8q;1jk’G dko8+]Po7ela[mju4nd8hv’g-ajoG
T 1jk4jkpmqj;mu[
T ]hk’,ndjvodyog0Qk
T ]hk’,nfh;plt[6
T dyozadmjultvkf
T 1jk4Y,0UgspNv-t-kp
T 8afg]a[,nF g]a[8uo
T 1jklaj’0U,6dmqj;mu[
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
30
T o5j’3lh’F glNvmjujltvkf
T 4jkp|adc]h;]hk’,n
$ D$ D$ D$ D$ D 4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[4k,8v[
{ 76.shoadIPola'gdfI6[.oxB,c[[IPo c]h;[vd;jk oadIPo,adI6[.f phvospa' L
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[8k,I6[ 9kdoAo76 vtmy[kpgruj,g8u, G grnjvgIaf.shIjk’dkp,u
l50trk[ c0’cI’xklt9kd3]dwrw0hg9a[m5d7qo8hv’gvqk.9.ljxt8y[afsadvtokw,
# ltvkf7n G dyoltvkfF o5j’sqj,ltvkf c]t mju16jvkwlltvkfD ovd9kdoAo gIqk8hv'
gIaf.sh9yf.9g[ud[kolqf-njoc9j,.lD
V. dko;af c]t dkoxtg,uozqodko;af c]t dkoxtg,uozqodko;af c]t dkoxtg,uozqodko;af c]t dkoxtg,uozqodko;af c]t dkoxtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,lqo.9.odkosYogd,
{ la’gdfdkoxt8y[afdyf9tded5j,
{ dkogvqk.9.lj8+[qfIPo0v'oadIPo
{ dko8v[7e4k,G
!D gxaospa’gIqk9bj’8hv’]hk’,ndjvodyovksko c]t sa’.-h;yf4jkp L
@D gxaospa’9bj’[+laj’0U,6d c]t 4qj,oE]kpmqj;mu[ L
#D gxaospa’9bj’8hv’8afg]a[8uog]a[,n L
$D 4hko5j’g7njv’mju[+wfh-ad8yf8+daos^kp,n9tgxaoco;.f L X g\aoF va[F gdufrtpkfDDD ?
&D 4hk1kd.shg7njv’o5j’ltvkf8hv'gIafco;.f L
*D r;dgIqk.ljgdu[xhv’daospa’wfhcfj L
(D 4hk[+xafgInvo @ sn # ,N 9tgxaoco;.f L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
31
[qfmu ( Ikd0v’rnf[qfmu ( Ikd0v’rnf[qfmu ( Ikd0v’rnf[qfmu ( Ikd0v’rnf[qfmu ( Ikd0v’rnf
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd]adltot sn 95fryglf0v’Ikd
@D 9afc[j’Ikdvvdgxaoxtgrf8k,]adltot0v’,aoD
#D vtmy[kp|hkmuj0v’Ikd
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
rnf[k’-toyf,uIkdcdh; [k’-toyf[+,uIkdcdh;D Ikdcdh;gxaoIkd.spjF 4af9kd
Ikdcdh;c,joIkdc|’ c]t Ikd/vpD rnf[k'-toyf,uIkdgxaosq;D
IkdgIaf|hkmjuf6foE c]t cIjmkf8jk’M muj]t]kp1j6fyo grnjvwx]+]Ph’]e8Qo0v’,aoD
ovdoAoF Ikdpa’-j;p.sh8Qow,h1bf\Ao1j6fyowfhD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
76 c]t oadIPo-j;pdaogvqk8Qornf9y’ ,k.oshv'IPog-ajoG 8Qo X4qj;?F 8Qolk]uF 8Qo,j;’F
8Qog0QkF 8Qo Xsphk?F zadF sq;zaddkfDDD muj,uIkdcdh; c]t Ikd/vp7q[4h;oD Xg;]kgvqkrnf
]t,af]t;a’[+.shIkd0kf?
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D sY^ogd,8+lYolj;o8QornfsY^ogd,8+lYolj;o8QornfsY^ogd,8+lYolj;o8QornfsY^ogd,8+lYolj;o8QornfsY^ogd,8+lYolj;o8Qornf
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j, d5j,]t & { * 7qo
{ 768af8Qornfvvdgxaolj;o XIkdF ]eF .[F pvf? 1kp.shoadIPo c8j]td5j,8+.ljdao
.shwfh8Qornflq,[6o|bj’8QoD
{ sa’9kdoAo768A’7e4k,
T lj;o.fgxaoIkd0v’rnf L
T rnflj;os^kp,uIkdF ]e7ndao[+ L
T 8Qo4qj; c]t 8Qolk]u,uIkd7ndao[+ L 4hk7n s^n 8jk’dao1j6[jvo.f.shvtmy[kp
Xd=]tou76sk8Qo4qj; c]t lk]u[+wfh 76gvqk8q;cmornfmuj,uIkdcdh; c]t Ikd/vp
,kxP[mP[?
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
32
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[.shwfh;jk 8Qornf|bj’Mxtdv[,uIkdF ]eF .[F pvf c]t
r;d,ao,uIkdc8d8jk’daoD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdfI6[rk[Ikdla’gdfI6[rk[Ikdla’gdfI6[rk[Ikdla’gdfI6[rk[Ikdla’gdfI6[rk[Ikd
{ .shoadIPola’gdfI6[rk[Ikd.oc[[IPoF ;jkIkd,u]adltotco;.fF rhv,ma’
lqomtok95fryglf0v’Ikdcdh;F Ikd/vp c]t Ikdsq;D
{ sa’9kdoAo .shoadIPo9eo;o|bj’0Bo]kp’ko95fryglf0v’Ikd8k,]efa[ X]adltot
0v’Ikdcdh;F Ikd/vp c]t Ikdsq;?D
{ l5fmhkp76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[G
T 8Qow,hl;jo.spj,uIkdvaofP;muj.sjp c]t pk;Ikd-toyfoUgvUo;jkG Ikdcdh;D
Ikdcdh;9tvhv,Iv[wxfh;p[aofkIkd/vp Xohvp?
T rnf9eo;o|bj’ ,uIkd9eo;os^kpmujxqj’ltg\udaogxao95h,F gryjogvUo;jk Ikd9h5,
sn Ikd/vpD
T 8Qow,h9eo;o|bj’vud,uIkd/vpxqj’vvd9kd]e8Qomuj9a[gdktda[8Qow,hvnjogryjo
gvUo;jkG IkdvkdkfD Ikdvkdkf,ug7nvr6muj,uIkd9a[gdkt1j68k,8Qow,h c]t
ovdoAo d=pa’,urnfgxaog7nvmujgxaow,hxtfa[vnjoMvud?D
# D# D# D# D# D 9afc[j’Ikd9afc[j’Ikd9afc[j’Ikd9afc[j’Ikd9afc[j’Ikd
{ 76.shoadIPo9afc[j’Ikdrnfvvdgxaoxtgrf7nG ,uIkdcdh;F Ikdc|’F Ikd/vp c]t
Ikdsq;D
rnfmju,uIkdcdh;F Ikdc|' c]t Ikd/vp rnfmju,uIkdc|' c]t Ikd/vp
8Qo4qj; 8Qolk]u
8Qo,j;' 8Qog0Qk
DDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
33
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[;jkG
X8Qo? 4qj; sn 8Qow,h1no8Qo sn 8Qow,h.sjp,uIkdcdh;F 8+9kdIkdcdh;c,joIkdc|’
c]t Ikd/vpD lj;o8Qolk]u sn X8Qo? sphk,uIkdc|’95h,dao c]t c8dvvdgxaoIkd
ohvpMgvUo;jkG Ikd/vpS \kp7;k,;jk G 8Qolk]u,uIkdc|’ c]t Ikd/vpD ltoAoF
X8Qo? 4qj; c]t 8Qolk]u,uIkdc8d8jk’daoD
$D 7Qo7;hkdj5,djP;da[|hkmuj0v’IkdD$D 7Qo7;hkdj5,djP;da[|hkmuj0v’IkdD$D 7Qo7;hkdj5,djP;da[|hkmuj0v’IkdD$D 7Qo7;hkdj5,djP;da[|hkmuj0v’IkdD$D 7Qo7;hkdj5,djP;da[|hkmuj0v’IkdD
{ c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j,M &{* 7qoF 7Qo7;hk7e4k,faj’oUG
T IkdgIaf|hkmujspa’cfj L
T 4hk8Qow,h[=j,uIkd9tgxaoco;.f L
{ zh68k’|hkd5j,0Bo]kp’koF d5j,vnjoxtdv[7egsao.shlq,[6oD
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[ G
Ikd0v’8Qow,hgxaolj;ole7ao ,aof6fgvqkoE c]t cIjmkf8jk’M9kdfyo c]h;wx]+]Ph’
lj;o8jk’M0v’rnf8+wxD ovdoAo Ikdpa’-j;p.sh8Qow,h1bfc|ho1j6da[fyo grnjv[+.sh
8Qow,h]Q,D lj;oIkdvkdkfd=,u|hkmujf6fgvqkoEF vkpoE9kdvkdkf grnjvwx]Ph’]e8Qo
0v’,aoD
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kd767;ory9k]tok9kd767;ory9k]tok9kd767;ory9k]tok9kd767;ory9k]tok9kd
{ 7;k,g0Qk.9F lqo.9F
{ dkogIaf;Pd.od5j,
7e4k,G7e4k,G7e4k,G7e4k,G7e4k,G
[vd-njrnfmuj,uIkdcdh;F Ikdc|' c]t Ikd/vp muj8qogv’I6h9ad,k @{# -toyfD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
34
[qfmu ) ]e0v'8Qornf[qfmu ) ]e0v'8Qornf[qfmu ) ]e0v'8Qornf[qfmu ) ]e0v'8Qornf[qfmu ) ]e0v'8Qornf
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd]adltot sn 95fryglf0v’]e8Qornf
@D 9afc[j’8Qow,hgxaoxtgrf8k,]adltot0v’,ao
#D [vd|hkmuj0v’]e8Qo
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
.ome,t-kfrnflj;oskp,u]e8Qo8A’-njF gxaog7nvg]nv8k,fyo sn dvfdhP;da[8Qow,hvnjo c]t
gxaosq;D rnf[k’-toyf]e8Qo,u]adltotc0’ ,ucdjo X8Qo,j;’DDD?F c8j[k’-toyfraf,u]e8Qovjvo
[+,ucdjo X8Qolk]uF g0QkDDD? c]t [k’-toyf,u0=hF xhv’ c]t 8kgsaowfh1jk'-afg9oD [k'-toyf,u
]e8Qogxaosq; 8Qo-6Ik;,u]e8Qo.spjgxaosq;D 0u’F 0jkF gznvd,ao,u]e8Qo1j6.ofyoD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ 8QovhvpF 8Qog0QkF lk]uF zad[Q’F 8Qo,j;’F g7nv|kdvbF g7nv\kdoEDDD X vu’8k,
rnfmuj,u.omhv’4yjo?
{ g9hp
{ ltdHvf
{ [afI6[rk[4hk,u
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lbdlk]e8Qornf9y’lbdlk]e8Qornf9y’lbdlk]e8Qornf9y’lbdlk]e8Qornf9y’lbdlk]e8Qornf9y’
{ oadIPoIh6rnf-toyf.fcfj L ]e8Qo0v’r;d,ao,u]adltot7nco;.f L
{ 761kp8Qornf9eo;o|bj’.shoadIPola’gdfF c]h;[vd]adltot0v’]e8Qornffaj’djk;
,u8kF 0=hF xhv’-afg9o[+ c]h;[aombd.lj8k8t]k’.ljdtfkoD
{ l5fmhkp76 c]t oadIPovu’.lj8k8t]k’rhv,daolts5[G ]e8Qo0v’rnf[k’-toyf
gsao0=hxhv’-afg9o X8QovhvpDDD? c8j[k’-toyf[+gsao0=hxhv’-afg9o X8Qo\kdg0nvF DD?
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
35
fnrjn- o9gfa-k8t]c'vhxFh=0u, o9gfa-+[k8t]c'vhxu,
pvhvoQ8 DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
'vjxh,w}jzwh,woQ8 DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
vn0gdk\ DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
U,dk\oQ8 DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdfI6[rk[]e8Qola’gdfI6[rk[]e8Qola’gdfI6[rk[]e8Qola’gdfI6[rk[]e8Qola’gdfI6[rk[]e8Qo
{ c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j,F d5j,]t @ 7qo
{ .shoadIPola’gdfI6[rk[.oc[[IPo c]t [afI6[rk[ X4hk,u?F c]h;[vd-nj8Qow,h c]t
]adltot0v’,ao8k,mujoadIPola’gdfgsao8q;9y’D
{ 760Po8k8t]k’.ljdtfkoxtw;hD
{ zh68k’|hkoadIPo]kp’koF 76[aombd.lj8k8t]k’ 1j6dtfkofaj’8q;1jk’8=jwxoUD
{ l5fmhkp768A’7e4k,G
{ 8Qo-6Ik;,u]adltotco;.f L
{ 7 6c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[G
8Qow,hlj;os^kp,u]e8Qo8A’-njF 9eo;o|bj’gxaog7nvdhP;F 9eo;o|bj’g]nv1j6|hkfyo c]t
8Qog]nv1j6fyo,ug7nv\kdc8'F g7nv\kd3,F ,aofhk’D 9eo;o|bj',u]e8Qogxaosq;1j6.8hfyoD 0u’F 0jkF
gznvd,u]e8Qo1j6fyoD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
36
* D* D* D* D* D lqomtokdjP;da[|hkmuj0v’]e8QolqomtokdjP;da[|hkmuj0v’]e8QolqomtokdjP;da[|hkmuj0v’]e8QolqomtokdjP;da[|hkmuj0v’]e8QolqomtokdjP;da[|hkmuj0v’]e8Qo
{ 76oerkoadIPogIafdkomqf]v’ grnjv.shgsao|hkmuj0v’]e8QoD
{ mqf]v’G Ikdf6foE0Bol6j]e8Qo
T v5xtdvoG oE,bd Xg2yflucf’pyj’fu?F
T 8Qozadla’ sn 8Qornfvnjomuj,u]e8Qovjvo c]t .lF
T d;fcdh;.l
T ;ymuxt8y[af
!D 05fgvqk8Qozadla’muj,uIkd7q[4h;oF c]h;]hk’fyovvd.sh\qfF sa’9kdoAo xtw;h !& okmuD
@D gvqk8Qozadla’]q’.od;fcdh;muj,uoE,bdF xtw;h #W okmu c]h;la’gdf;jk ,uspa’gduf
0Bo c]h;[aombdD
{ 9kddkomqf]v’la’gdfgsao;jkG 8Qozadla’wfhf6foElucf’0Bowxl6jlj;ovnjoM0v’]e8QoF
oAoltcf’.shgsao;jk Ikdwfhf6foEwx]hP’]e8Qo0v’,aoD
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[ 3fplq,mq[da[dyf9tde0hk’gmy’;jkG ]e8Qo0v’rnf
,u|hkmujgxaorkstot]e]P’vksko grnjvwx]+]hP’rkdlj;ovnjoM0v’,ao9qo.shg8u[.spj
c]t 0tspkp8q;D
]}f -njrnf ]adltotdkog8u[.spj lj;oxtdv[ ,u0=hF xhv'
]e-nj g]nv dhP; w,hc0' w,hvjvo gsao [+gsao
-afg9o -afg9o
!D g7nvc8'3,
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
37
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ la’gdf7;k,g0Qk.9F 7;k,gvqk.9.lj
{ dkogIaf;Pd.od5j,
{ dko8v[7e4k,G
!D 16j[hko0v’oadIPo ,urnfmuj,u]e8Qo8A’-nj-toyf.fcfj L
@D [vd-njrnfmuj,u]e8Qogsao0=hxhv’-afg9o c]t [+gsao0=hxhv’-afg9o,k ! { @ -toyfD
#D .shoadIPo\kpgvqk0=hmuj4nd8hv’mujl5fG
{ g,njvgfafpvfrnf9tla’gdfgsaospa’ L
dD [+,uspa’
0D ,uoE-b,vvd
{ ]e8Qo]e]P’spa'wxlj6lj;o8jk'M0v'rnf L
dD oE
0D oE c]t cIjmkf
7D cIjmkf
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
38
[qfmu _ .[0v’rnf[qfmu _ .[0v’rnf[qfmu _ .[0v’rnf[qfmu _ .[0v’rnf[qfmu _ .[0v’rnf
g;]kG @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vdl;joxtdv[0v’.[w,hD
@D 9ecodrnf.[]hP’fjP; c]t rnf.[]hP’76jD
#D rao]tok|hkmuj c]t 7;k,lerao0v’.[F Ikd c]t ]e8Qo
$D xt8y[afdkomqf]v’wfh
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
.o-u;yfxt9e;aogIqk9tgsao.[0v’rnflj;os^kp,ulu0P;F g-yj’xtdv[,udhkoF djk’ c]t
goNv.[D glAo.[0v’rnf[k’-toyfgxaofk’cs7nG .[,voDDDF [k’-toyfraf,uglAo.[0t|ko7nG
.[g0QkDDD
.[w,hgIaf|hkmujf6fgvqkvkdkf c]t Ia[cl’cff,k.-hg0Qk.odkox5’c8j’vkskoc]h;
lqj’wx[e]5’]hP’]e8Qo0v’,aoD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ .[rnfG 8QosphkF 8Qo\kdgzafF 8Qo,j;’F 8Qolk]uF 8Qo4qj;DDDD
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D les^;frnfovdshv’IPoles^;frnfovdshv’IPoles^;frnfovdshv’IPoles^;frnfovdshv’IPoles^;frnfovdshv’IPo
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j,8k,7;k,g\ktlq,
{ .shoadIPovvdwxles;frnf1j6[=]yg;ovhv,cvh,3I’IPo c]h;gda[gvqk8Qornf X,uIkdF
]e c]t .[? d5j,]t & { * -toyf
{ 76dtdP,0Po8k8t]k’.ljdtfko
{ g,njvoadIPog0Qk,k.oshv’c]h;g0Qkd5j,dao grnjv9afc[j’rnfmujwfh,k 3fpry9k]tok
9kd.[F IkdF 0=hxhv’F ]adltot0v’glAo.[ c]h;9afxtgrf0v’rnfD s^a’9kdoAo
.sh[aombd.lj8k8t]k’faj’8q;1jk’muj.shD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
39
8k8t]k’G 9afc[j’rnf.[]hP’fjP; c]t .[]hP’76jD8k8t]k’G 9afc[j’rnf.[]hP’fjP; c]t .[]hP’76jD8k8t]k’G 9afc[j’rnf.[]hP’fjP; c]t .[]hP’76jD8k8t]k’G 9afc[j’rnf.[]hP’fjP; c]t .[]hP’76jD8k8t]k’G 9afc[j’rnf.[]hP’fjP; c]t .[]hP’76jD
\kpgsfG\kpgsfG\kpgsfG\kpgsfG\kpgsfG .og;]kgIaf8q;9y’.shvu’8k,rnf.omhv’4yjoD
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[G 8Qosphk,uIkdgxaoIkd/vpF ,u0=hxhv’ c]t glAo.[
0t|ko { gryjo9af1j6xtgrfrnf.[]hP’fjP;D lj;o8Qo\kdgzaf,uIkdcdh;F 0=hxhv’[+gsaoF
glAo.[gxaofk’cs gryjo9af1j6xtgrfrnf.[]hP’76jD c8jzad[Q’raf,uIkd/vpF 0=hxhv’gsao
-afg9o .[fk'cs { gryjo9af1j6xtgrf.[]hP'76j
{ 768A’7e4k,lqomtokda[oadIPoG 4hkgIqkgsaoc8jlj;o.f|bj’ 0v’rnf-toyf.f|bj’
oadIPo9t[vdwfh[+;jkrnfoAo 9af1j6.ornfxtgrf.fD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdf.[0v’rnfla’gdf.[0v’rnfla’gdf.[0v’rnfla’gdf.[0v’rnfla’gdf.[0v’rnf
{ c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j,8k,7;k,g\ktlq,
{ 761kp.[rnfmujgda[,k.shc8j]td5j,la’gdf c]h;-U[vddhkoF .[ c]t lj;oxtdv[
0v’,ao
{ l5fmhkp76.shoadIPo9a[76jdao c]h;la’gdf.[w,h.oxB,c[[IPo c]t 9kddkola’gdf
8q;9y’;jk ,u.[w,h-toyf.fcfjF ,ul;joxtdv[co;.f
{ .shzh68k’|hkoadIPo0Bo]kp’ko
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[;jkG .[w,hxtdv[fh;pdhkoF djk’ c]t goNv.[D .[w,h
,us^kpI6[Ijk’ c]t 0t|kfc8d8jk’daowx8k,c8j]t-toyf0v’rnfD
]}f -njrnf lj;oxtdv[0v’rnf xtgrf0v’rnf
Ikd 0=hxhv’ ]adltotglAo.[
! 8Qosphk7k /vp gsao 0t|ko .[]hP’fjP;
@ 8Qo\kdgzaf Ikdcdh; [+gsao fk’cs .[]hP’76j
# zad[Q’ Ikd/vp [+gsao-afg9o fk’cs .[]hP’76j
$ 8Qolk]u Ikd/vp gsao 0t|ko .[]hP’fjP;
& DDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD
* DDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD
( DDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD
) DDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
40
# D# D# D# D# D la’gdfglAo.[0v’rnfDla’gdfglAo.[0v’rnfDla’gdfglAo.[0v’rnfDla’gdfglAo.[0v’rnfDla’gdfglAo.[0v’rnfD
{ 76vu’.ljrnfmujgda[,k c]t lkmyfdko9ud.[rnf.[]hP’76j c]t .[]hP’fjP;.shoadIPo
g[yj’F 9kdoAo.shoadIPoxt8y[af8k,F rhv,ma’la’gdfdko9udwxrhv,dao;jk .og,njv
9udrnfma’lv’.[]hP’oAo7ndao sn 8jk’daoD .shoadIPo9eo;o|bj’8v[D
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[G
T g,njv9ud.[rnf.[]hP’fjP;F muj,uglAo.[0t|kola’gdfgsao;jk dko9ud9t9udwfh8k,
co;glAo.[ c]t Ivp9ud9t]P[D
T lj;ornf.[]hP’76jF ,uglAo.[gxaofk’csla’gdfgsao;jk dko9udIvp9ud9t[+]P[D
$ D$ D$ D$ D$ D 76.sh7;k,I6hcdjoadIPog]njv’.[]hP’76j c]t .[]hP’fjP;D76.sh7;k,I6hcdjoadIPog]njv’.[]hP’76j c]t .[]hP’fjP;D76.sh7;k,I6hcdjoadIPog]njv’.[]hP’76j c]t .[]hP’fjP;D76.sh7;k,I6hcdjoadIPog]njv’.[]hP’76j c]t .[]hP’fjP;D76.sh7;k,I6hcdjoadIPog]njv’.[]hP’76j c]t .[]hP’fjP;D
{ 76m;o7no[qfIPozjko,kdjP;da[lj;o8jk’M0v’8Qo4qj; c]t 8Qolk]u;jkrnfma’lv’
-toyf,uIkdF ]eF .[c8d8jk’dao7n G
T ]e8Qo0v’8Qolk]u,uIkd/vpF gsao0=hxhv’-afg9oF c]t .[,uglAo0t|ko{
gryjo9afgxaornf.[]hP’fjP; c]t 8Qo4qj;Ikd,uIkdcdh;F [+gsao0=hxhv’-afg9oF
,uglAo.[gxaofk’cs { gryjo9afgxaornf.[]hP’76jD gryjo9afgxaornf.[]hP’76jD gryjo9afgxaornf.[]hP’76jD gryjo9afgxaornf.[]hP’76jD gryjo9afgxaornf.[]hP’76jD
& D& D& D& D& D 7Qo7;hkd5j,djP;da[|hkmuj0v’.[7Qo7;hkd5j,djP;da[|hkmuj0v’.[7Qo7;hkd5j,djP;da[|hkmuj0v’.[7Qo7;hkd5j,djP;da[|hkmuj0v’.[7Qo7;hkd5j,djP;da[|hkmuj0v’.[
T 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j,
T 76.shoadIPo7Qo7;hkgxaod5j, G .[w,h,u|hkmujspa’cfj 3fpvu’.ljI6[rk[.oc[[IPo
{ oadIPoc0j'0aodao8v[7e4k,|hkmju0v'.[w,hD
.[g0Qk,uglAo.[0t|ko
.[,voglAo.[gxaofk’cs ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
41
T la'];,G |hkmju0v'.[w,h
!D x5'c8j'vksko
@D skp.9
#D ]t[kp}7kpoE
ovdoAo 76vtmy[kpgruj,g8u,[qf[kfle7ao0v'dko7kpoE le]a[dkofe]q'-u;yf0v'
8Qow,h XphvovkpoE4ndxjvpvvd,kF 8Qow,h9bj',udkof6foE]Po8yf0Bo,k9kdIkd3fpzjko]e8Qo
c]t 0Bowxsk.[w,h?
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,g0Qk.9F lqo.9
{ dkogIaf;Pd.od5j,
{ dko8v[7e4k,G
!D 8QovhvpF 8Qog0Qk c]t 8Qolk]u gryjo9af1j6rnfxtgrf.f L X.[]hP’fjP;?
@D 8Qo4qj;F 8Qo\kd,j;'gryjo9af1j6rnfxtgrf.f L X.[]hP’76j?
#D rnfmuj,u0=hxhv’gsao-afg9o,ao,uglAo.[co;.f L XglAo.[0t|ko?
$D rnfmuj[=jgsao0=xhv’-afg9o,ao,uglAo.[co;.f L XglAo.[gxaofk’cs?
&D .og,njjvgIqksYo1j6.dh8Qow,h.opk,dk’g;aogxaospa’gIqk9bj’I6hlbdlt[kpF skp.93]j’ L
XwfhIa[vqd-uc-omujrnflqj’vvd,k?
7;k,Ih6gruj,g8u,7;k,Ih6gruj,g8u,7;k,Ih6gruj,g8u,7;k,Ih6gruj,g8u,7;k,Ih6gruj,g8u,
{ Ikd/vp sn Ikdvjvo0v’8Qow,h muj8yf1j68k,Ikdc|’9tf6fgvqkoEmuj-5j,vbo1j68k,rNo
fyog0Qkwx.oIkdc|’F 9kdIkdc|’d=lqj’g0Qkwx.oIkdcdh;F Ikdcdh;d=lqj’8=jwx8k,
]e8Qofh;pI6ohvpM9qo0Bowxg4y’.[D
{ g,njv.[w,hwfhIa[oE mujIkdf6f0Bo,kxtlq,da[dkof6fgvqkdkldkd3[oyd9kdvkdkf
c]t ,ucl’cffF g,aflu0P;16j.[0v’rnf9tx5’c8j’oEF cIjmkf c]t dkldkd3[oyd
.shgxaooE8ko c]t vqd-uc-oD vqd-uc-omujgdufoUwfh]tgsupvvd9kd.[ 3fpmk’xkd
.[D faj’oAoF g,njvgIqkoaj’1j6.dh8Qow,h.opk,8vol;kp muj8Qow,hde]a’c8j’vksko1j6
gIqk9jb’I6hlbdlt[kp c]t wfhIa[vkdkflqf9kd8Qow,hoAoF gIaf.shgIqkskp.93]j’D
l;jooE8komujgduf0Bophvodkoc8j’vkskooAo 9eo;o|bj’d=dkpgxaomkfcxh’1j6.[F 9eo;o
|bj’d=4ndlqj’wx8k,m+wx]hP’lj;o8jk’M0v’8Qow,h.shg8u[.spjD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
42
[qfmu !W rnfgxaoxt3spfcdj7qogIqk[qfmu !W rnfgxaoxt3spfcdj7qogIqk[qfmu !W rnfgxaoxt3spfcdj7qogIqk[qfmu !W rnfgxaoxt3spfcdj7qogIqk[qfmu !W rnfgxaoxt3spfcdj7qogIqk
g;]kG @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd-njrnfmujgxaovkskocdj7qogIqk
@D vtmy[kpdkooe.-hrnf.oc’jgxaog7njv’.-hlvpF gxao1k c]t o5j’sqj,
#D 9ecodwfhrnfmujgxaovao8t]kpcdj7qogIqk
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
rnf,us^kp-toyfmuj.sh75oxt3spfcdj7qogIqkg-ajoG gxaovkskoF g7njv’o5j’sqj,F gxao1k c]t
g7njv’.-hlvp8jk’MF c8jd=,urnf[k’-toyfmujgxaovao8t]kpcdj7qogIqkg-ajoG g7nv’h;oF sphk,u|k,DDD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ rnf9y’9eo;o|bj’ mujdjP;raoda[dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo X.[,voF ,hvoF crw\
sn lYow\F gxnvdw,hDDDF fvd/hkpF crmuj8ejfh;p/hkp
{ I6[rk[0v’rnfmujltcf’.shgsao75oxt3spf
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[
{ .shoadIPola’gdfI6[rk[.oc[[IPo c]h;8A’7e4k,faj’8q;1jk’G
T oadIPola’gdfgsaornfspa’cfj L gryjogvqklj;o.f0v’rnf,k.-h c]t .-hw;hgIafspa’ L
3fp.shoadIPog;Qkvvd,k.sh\qfD
T .omhv’4yjo0v’oadIPo,uspa’c8d8jk’9kdI6[oU L pqd8q;1jk’D
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[G
rnf,uxt3spfcdj7qogIqkg-ajoG gxaovkskoF gxao1kF .-h]e8QogIaf38tF 8aj’F 8P’ovoF
gInvoF luphv,zhkF g7njv’o5j’sqj,F .shfyo-5j,DDD
76vkfgoAo[k’1jk’mujgfajo8nj,g-ajoG 8Qow,hF .[w,hmuj,u7;k,oypq,-q,-v[mujoe,kgxaog7njv’
xtfa[gvhmuj,u]k7kcr’F cr8Ofh;p/hkpDDD
{ .shoadIPopqd8q;1jk’lyj’vnjoM mujoadIPogsao.omhv’4yjo0v’8qo8nj,vud grnjvc]dxjPo
[qfIPog-yj’dao c]t dao.oshv’IPoD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
43
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D lqomtokd5j,lqomtokd5j,lqomtokd5j,lqomtokd5j,lqomtokd5j,
{ 76xjPo;ymulqomtok 3fpc[j’oadIPovvdgxao @ d5j,F 3fp.shd5j,|bj’[vddjP;da[
75oxt3spf c]t d5j,|bj'vud[vd-nj8Qow,hmujgxaovao8t]kpcdj7qogIqk,u8Qo.fcfj
X8Qow,hgxao|k,F g7nv’h;oF 8QosphkDDD?
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ la’gdf7;k,g0Qk.9F lqo.9F
{ dkogIaf;Pd.od5j,
{ dko8v[7e4k,
!D gryjo.-hlj;o.f0v’rnfgxao1k L
@D 8Qo/hkp,uxt3spfspa’cfj L
#D [qfg/ydsafG .shoadIPo0Po75oxt3spf0v’rnf !{* -toyf]q’.o8k8t]k’G
-nj8Qow,h 75oxt3spf0v’,ao
!D 8Qo\kd,U DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
@D 8Qocxd DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
#D 8Qovvhp DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
$D 1k’rk]k DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
&D zad[Q’F \kd-6 DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
*D lk]uF ,aofhk’ DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
44
[qfmu !! dkomqf]v’x6drnf[qfmu !! dkomqf]v’x6drnf[qfmu !! dkomqf]v’x6drnf[qfmu !! dkomqf]v’x6drnf[qfmu !! dkomqf]v’x6drnf
g;]k @ -qj;3,'
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vdlj;o0v’rnfmujlk,kfx6dwfh
@D xt8y[afdkox6drnfwfh
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
rnflk,kfx6dwfh 3fpvu’8k,]adltotryglf0v’,ao c]t 7qogIqklk,kfx6drnfwfhfh;p
cdjoF ]eF .[F |+ c]t fh;pdko-e9qo.sh,u|+vjvovvddjvo9bj’x6dD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ 9qdF -;hkoF lP,
{ co;x6d XcdjozadF cdjo\kd,j;’F sq;sv,[qj;DDD?
{ I6[rk[.oc[[IPo
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D 4k, { 8v[4k, { 8v[4k, { 8v[4k, { 8v[4k, { 8v[
{ oadIPog7upgsaogryjox6drnf-toyf.fcfj L
{ gryjogvqklj;o.f0v’,aox6d L
76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[8k,7;k,gxao9y’
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[
{ c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j, d5j,]t & 7qo grnjvla'gdfI6[rk[ c]h;8v[7e4k,fja'oUG
9kdI6[rk[oadIPola’gdfgsaornf-toyf.f x6dfh;pcdjoF x6dfh;p]eF x6dfh;psq;DDD
# D# D# D# D# D xt8y[afdkox6drnf8q;9y’xt8y[afdkox6drnf8q;9y’xt8y[afdkox6drnf8q;9y’xt8y[afdkox6drnf8q;9y’xt8y[afdkox6drnf8q;9y’
{ cotoe.shoadIPox6drnf.o3I’IPo sn 1j6gInvod=wfh 3fpg]uj,8Qo9kd0Ao8vodkodP,
fyoF dkox6d c]t [q;]t[afIadlkF .o0totoAo .shoadIPo[aombd0Ao8vo8jk’M c]h;
gIaf[qf]kp’ko1j6shv’IPo X4hkgxaowxwfh? sn vkf.shr+F c,j-j;pd=wfh8k,]kp]tvPf
faj’oUG
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
45
{ -njrnfmujx6d
{ lj;omujgvqkwxx6dgxao8Qovjvo sn cdjoDDDD
{ x6d.ljrt-totspa’
{ g;]kx6dgsaolj;o.f0v’rnfxqj’vvddjvo\j6
V. dko;af c]t dkoxtg,uozqoGdko;af c]t dkoxtg,uozqoGdko;af c]t dkoxtg,uozqoGdko;af c]t dkoxtg,uozqoGdko;af c]t dkoxtg,uozqoG
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,g0Qk.9F 7;k,lqo.9
{ dkoxt8y[af8q;9y’
7e4k,G7e4k,G7e4k,G7e4k,G7e4k,G
!D g7nv\kd[;[x6dfh;pspa’ L
@D 8Qo|kddao4yox6dfh;pspa’ L
#D [qfg/ydsaf
$D .shoadIPo\kp.ljshv’mujg\ktlq,;jk rnfgsqjkoUx6dfh;pspa’ L
]}f -njrnf cdjo ]e8Qo .[ dko-e sq; gs’Qk |+
!D
@D
#D
$D
&
*D
(D
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
46
[qfmu !@ [qfmu !@ [qfmu !@ [qfmu !@ [qfmu !@ 9er;d0v’laf9er;d0v’laf9er;d0v’laf9er;d0v’laf9er;d0v’laf
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vdwfhlaf,us^kp9er;dmjuc8d8jk'dao
@D rao]toklj;oxtdv[rkpovd0v’c8j]t9er;dlaf8uo0=h c]t xk
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
gryjoc[j’lafvvdgxao9er;d laf8uo0=hgxao8q;cmo9er;dlaf[+,udtf6dlaosa’F lj;o9er;d
xkF lafg7yj’[qdg7yj’oEF lafxudF lafg]nv7ko c]t laf]hP’]6dfh;poEoq,c,jolaf,udtf6dlaosa’D
lafc8j]t9er;d,u]adltot95fryglfF muj1j6vkwlc8d8jk’daoD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ I6[laf-toyf8jk’M.oxB,c[[IPo
{ [afI6[rk[laf Xc,’w,hF dh5’F x6F xkDDD?
{ g9hp c]t l=lu
{ laf9y’gmjqkmjusk,kwfh
{ [af7e4k,
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D Ih hv’gr’djP;da[lafIh hv’gr’djP;da[lafIh hv’gr’djP;da[lafIh hv’gr’djP;da[lafIh hv’gr’djP;da[laf
{ 76oerkoadIPoIhv’gr’djP;da[laf @{# gr’ XgmqjkmjuIhv’wfh? g-ajoG gr’wdjF \6F c,;F
oqdF xk c]t gr’lafvnjoM
8q;1jk’G gr’
{ 764k,oadIPo;jkG
T goNv.o0v’gr’g;Qkg4y’lafspa’L
T lafgsqjkoAo,u]adltotco;.fL
T lafmyjoadIPoIh69ad,ulafspa’cfjL
T Ijk’dkp0v’lafmujoadIPoI6h9aadxtdv[,u9adrkdlj;o L 7nrkdlj;o.fcfjL
T lafc8j]t-toyf,uI6[Ijk’7ndao\qf[+L .shgsfzqoL
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[G 8k,7;k,gxao9y’0v’[qfgr’ c]t lafmujoadIPoIh69adD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
47
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D 9ecodlafc8j]t9er;d9ecodlafc8j]t9er;d9ecodlafc8j]t9er;d9ecodlafc8j]t9er;d9ecodlafc8j]t9er;d
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxao $ d5j, grnjvla’gdfg[yj’I6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPo c]t 1kpI6[rk[
laf-toyf8jk’M X4hk,u? rhv,ma’dt85ho.sh8v[7e4k,fja’oUG
d5j,mu !{ @D 9er;dlaf8uo0=hd5j,mu !{ @D 9er;dlaf8uo0=hd5j,mu !{ @D 9er;dlaf8uo0=hd5j,mu !{ @D 9er;dlaf8uo0=hd5j,mu !{ @D 9er;dlaf8uo0=h
T c,’w,hF d5h’F x6 ,ulj;oxtdv[.fcfj L Xsq;F gvydF mhv’ c]t xud X4hk,u??
T r;d,ao,u9ad0kL X* 0k sn s^kpd;jk?
T r;d,aooe.-h0k c]t xudw;hgIafspa’L Xg7njvophkp?
T c,’w,h,uspa’8jk’da[d5h’ c]t x6L X,uxud?
T c,’w,h-toyf8jk’MF d5h’F x6 ,udtf6d sn [+L X[+,udtf6d?
d5j,mu #{$D 9er;dxkd5j,mu #{$D 9er;dxkd5j,mu #{$D 9er;dxkd5j,mu #{$D 9er;dxkd5j,mu #{$D 9er;dxk
T [vd-nj0v’xkL X8k,7;k,gxao9y’?
T xkvkwl1j6.lL r;d,aog7njvomujfh;p;ymu.f L X1j6oEF g7njvomujfh;pdko]vp?
T vtw;pt;trkpovd0v’xk,uspa’cfj L X,ugdafs5h, sn [+,ugdaf c]t ,u7u DDD?
T xkskp.9fh;pspa’L xk,udtf6dlaosa’[+L X2ao2n,F ,udtf6dlaosa’?
{ 76.shzh68k’|hkc8j]td5j,]kp’koF d5j,vnjoxtdv[7egsao.shlq,[6o
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[G
!D 9er;dlaf8uo0=h c,jolafmuj[+,udtf6dlaosa’F lj;os^kpr;d,ao,u * 0kF 0kgxao0=h
c]t lj;os^kp,uxud.-h.odkog7njvophkpD lj;od5h’ c]t x6[+,uxud c8js5h,Ijk’dkp
fh;pdk[c0’D
@D 9er;dxkc,jolafmuj,udtf6dlaos^a’F r;d,aovkwl1j6oEF skp.9fh;p2ao2n,F
Ijk’dkp,ugdafs5h, c]t ,u7uF g7njvomujfh;pdko]vp
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,shk;sao.odkolqomtok
{ gIaf;Pd.od5j,
{ dko8v[7e4k,G
0=hmqflv[G !D laf[+,udtf6dlaosa’,u9er;d.fcfjL
@D laf,udtf6dlaosa’,u9er;d.fcfjL
#D d5h’ c]t x6,udtf6d sn [+L X[+,u?
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
48
[qfmu !#[qfmu !#[qfmu !#[qfmu !#[qfmu !# 9er;d0v’laf X8+?9er;d0v’laf X8+?9er;d0v’laf X8+?9er;d0v’laf X8+?9er;d0v’laf X8+?
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vdwfhlaf,us^kp9er;dmujc8d8jk'dao
@D rao]toklj;oxtdv[rkpovd0v’c8j]t9er;dlafg7yj'[qd g7yj'oE c]t lafxud
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
gryjoc[j'lafvvdgxao9er;d laf8uo0=hgxao8q;cmo9er;dlaf[+,udtf6dlaosa’F lj;o9er;d
xkF lafg7yj’[qdg7yj’oEF lafxudF lafg]nv7ko c]t lafmju]hP’]6dfh;poEoq, c,jolaf,udtf6dlaosa’F
lafc8j]t9er;d,u]adltot95fryglfF mju1j6vkwlc8d8jk’daoD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ I6[rk[-toyf8jk’M.oxB,c[[IPo
{ [afI6[rk[laf Xc,’w,hF d5h’F x6F xkFoqdF \6F c,;?
{ g9hp c]t l=lu
{ laf9y’gmjqkmjusk,kwfh
{ [af7e4k,
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D 9ecodlafc8j]t9er;d9ecodlafc8j]t9er;d9ecodlafc8j]t9er;d9ecodlafc8j]t9er;d9ecodlafc8j]t9er;d
{ .shoadIPoma' $ d5j, mjuc[j'.o[qfdjvooU la'gdfg[yj'I6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPo c]t 1kp
[afI6[laf-toyf8jk'M X4hk,u? rhv,ma'dt8h5o.sh8v[ 8k,7e4k,fja'oUG
d5 j,mu !{@D 9er;dlafg7yj'[qdg7yj'oEd5j,mu !{@D 9er;dlafg7yj'[qdg7yj'oEd5j,mu !{@D 9er;dlafg7yj'[qdg7yj'oEd5j,mu !{@D 9er;dlafg7yj'[qdg7yj'oEd5j,mu !{@D 9er;dlafg7yj'[qdg7yj'oE
T [vd-nj c]t mju1j6vkwl0v'lafg7yyj'[qdg7yj'oE L Xdq[F 0PfF 7ao7kdDDDF 8vo
pa'ohvp1j6oEF g,njv.spj1j6[qd[jvoxPd-5j,?
T [vd]adltotI6[Ijk'0v'lafg7yj'[qd g7yj'oE X|a'xPd-5j,F ,u $ 0k?
T r;d,aog7njvomujfh;p;ymu.f L X8vopa'ohvp]vp1j6oEF g,njv.spjjg7njvomjufh;p
dkodt3ff?
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
49
dj5,mu #{$ 9er;dlafxuddj5,mu #{$ 9er;dlafxuddj5,mu #{$ 9er;dlafxuddj5,mu #{$ 9er;dlafxuddj5,mu #{$ 9er;dlafxud
T [vd-njF lj;oxtdv[rkpovd0v'lafxud L X @ 0kF @ xudF ,u0qoDDDD?
T lafxud-toyf.f[yowfhF [yo[+wfh c]t c]jow;wfh L Xoqddt9vdgm[c]jow;?
T 8qo380v'lafxuds5h,fh;pspa' L X0qo?
T .oIjk'dkp,udtf6d sn [+ L X,u?
T lq[0v'lafxud,u]adltotco;.f L r;d,ao,ulq[w;hgIafspa' L Xcs, sn cx .-hw;hla[F
8vfdyovksko?
{ 76.shzh68k'|hkc8j]td5j,]kp'koF d5j,vnjoxtdv[7egsao.shlq,[6o
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[G
!? 9er;dlafg7yj'[qdg7yj'oE c,jolaf,udtf6dlaosa^'F ,uzy;|a'xPd-5j,r;d,ao
9bj',advkwl1j6[jvo-5j,F ,u $ 0k vvd]6dgxaow0jF ]hP']6dohvp1j6oE c]t 9a[dyoc,'w,h
gxaovkskoD
@? 9er;dlafxudc,jolafmju,udtf6dlaosa'F lafxudm5d-toyfs5h,fh;p0qoF ,ulq[F ,u @
0k c]t ,u @ xud
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D c8h,I6[8k,.9c8h,I6[8k,.9c8h,I6[8k,.9c8h,I6[8k,.9c8h,I6[8k,.9
{ 76.shoadIPoc8h,I6[laf8k,.9rhv,ma'.ljlu X4hk,ul=lu?
{ 76.shoadIPoc8j]t7qoltg|ugsfzqo0v'8qogv'mjuc8h,laffja'djk;oAo
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[G ]q'7;k,gsao0v'oadIPo Xvu'8k,7;k,lt\ad.90v'oadIPo?
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,shk;sao.odkolqomtok
{ dkogIaf;Pd.od5j,
{ dko8v[7e4k,
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
50
[qfmu !$ 9er;d0v’laf X8+?[qfmu !$ 9er;d0v’laf X8+?[qfmu !$ 9er;d0v’laf X8+?[qfmu !$ 9er;d0v’laf X8+?[qfmu !$ 9er;d0v’laf X8+?
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vdwfhlaf,us^kp9er;dmujc8d8jk'dao
@D rao]toklj;oxtdv[rkpovd0v’c8j]t9er;dG 9er;dg]nv7ko c]t laf]hP']6d
fh;poEoq,
#D 9er;dlafmju.sh75oxt3spf c]t lafmju.sh3mf
$D ]t,af]t;a’8+lafmjugxaovao8t]kp
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
gryjoc[j'lafvvdgxao9er;d laf8uo0=hgxao8q;cmo9er;dlaf[+,udtf6dlaosa’F lj;o9er;d
xkF lafg7yj’[qdg7yj’oEF lafxudF lafg]nv7ko c]t lafmju]hP’]6dfh;poEoq, c,jolaf,udtf6dlaosa’F
lafc8j]t9er;d,u]adltot95fryglfF mju1j6vkwlc8d8jk’daoD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ I6[rk[-toyf8jk’M.oxB,c[[IPo
{ [afI6[rk[laf Xc,’w,hF d5h’F x6F xkF oqdF \6F c,;?
{ laf9y’gmjqkmjusk,kwfh
{ [af7e4k,
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D 9ecodlafvvdgxao9er;d X8+?9ecodlafvvdgxao9er;d X8+?9ecodlafvvdgxao9er;d X8+?9ecodlafvvdgxao9er;d X8+?9ecodlafvvdgxao9er;d X8+?
{ 76.shoadIPola'gdfI6[rk[ c]t pkp[af-njlaf-toyf8jk'M Xlafg]nv7ko? rhv,ma'
8v[8k,7e4k,faj'oUG
T 9er;dlafg]nv7ko,u38spa'cfj L
T [vd-nj0v'lafg]nv7ko-toyf8jk'M X8k,7;k,gxao9y'?
T lj;oxtdv[rkpovd0v'lafg]nv7kogxaoco;.f L X,ugdafsh5,F ,u $ 0k sn [+,u0kF
sk'DDD?
T r;d,aofe]q'-u;yf1j6.l L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
51
T r;d,aog7bnjvomjufh;p;ymu.f L
laf]hP']6dfh;poEoq,laf]hP']6dfh;poEoq,laf]hP']6dfh;poEoq,laf]hP']6dfh;poEoq,laf]hP']6dfh;poEoq,
T [vd-njlaf]hP']6dfh;poEoq, mju]hP'1j6gInvo0v'oadIPo X8k,7;k,gxao9y'?
T 38spa’8h5pv5hp]5hpF lq[pk;F 8ksy[L X\6?
T 38spa’dyosphk $ 0kF ,ug0qk gvqk.-hcI’cdjw4f5\ajo X7;kp?
T 38spa’xuo0Bosa’7k |6c]jo,kd=3ff75[gvqkL Xc,;?
T lafgsqjkoAo]hP’]6dohvp0v’r;d,aofh;pspa’L XoEoq,?
{ 76rkoadIPolts5[
!D 9er;dlafg]nv7koF r;d,ao,u $ 0k sn [+,u0kF ,usk’F ,ugdafs5h,]e8q;D lj;os^kp
r;d,aolk,kf]vd7k[wfh c]t dyoc,’w,hgxaovkskoD
@D laf]hP’]6dfh;poEoq,s5h,fh;p0qo X0qoc][?F gduf]6dgxao38 c]t ]hP’]6dfh;poEoq,F
laf]hP’]6doEoq, ,ulafxjkF laf]hP’F lafxjk,u-u;yf1j68k,me,t-kf c]t skdyo
8k,me,t-kfD laf]hP’c,jolafmju7qogIqkoe,k]hP’ c]t g/ydcv[,ks^kpIj5o7qo
9bj’gIaf.shr;d,ao,udkoxjPocx’dkofe]q’-u;yfD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D lqomtokdjP;da[75oxt3spf c]t 3mf0v’laflqomtokdjP;da[75oxt3spf c]t 3mf0v’laflqomtokdjP;da[75oxt3spf c]t 3mf0v’laflqomtokdjP;da[75oxt3spf c]t 3mf0v’laflqomtokdjP;da[75oxt3spf c]t 3mf0v’laf
{ 76cotoe.shoadIPolqomtokdjP;da[7e4k,fja’oUG
lafmju,u75oxt3spflafmju,u75oxt3spflafmju,u75oxt3spflafmju,u75oxt3spflafmju,u75oxt3spf
T ,ulaf-toyf.fmju.sh75oxt3spfcdj7qoL
T r;d,ao,u75oxt3spfhko.fL
T gIqk7;o]hP’f6 c]t Iadlklafmuj.shxt3spfco;.fL
T gxaospa’gIqk9bj’[+me]kpIa’oqdL
T gxaospa’9bj’xqdxadIadlklafxjkL
T c]t vnjoM
lafmju.sh3mf s^n lafmjugxaovao8t]kplafmju.sh3mf s^n lafmjugxaovao8t]kplafmju.sh3mf s^n lafmjugxaovao8t]kplafmju.sh3mf s^n lafmjugxaovao8t]kplafmju.sh3mf s^n lafmjugxaovao8t]kp
T ,ulaf-toyf.fcfjmju.sh3mfcdj7qogIqkL
T lafgsqjkoAo.sh3mffhko.fL
T ;ymudkode9af X0hk? lafmju.sh3mf7;ogIafco;.fL XgIafvtokw,F .-h1k0hkDDD?
{ 76rkoadIPolts5[G lafmju,u75oxt3spf c]t lafmju.sh3mf sn lafmjugxaovao8t]kp
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
52
-njlaf-njlaf-njlaf-njlaf-njlaf 75oxt3spf 75oxt3spf 75oxt3spf 75oxt3spf 75oxt3spf dko]hP’f6 c]t Iadlk dko]hP’f6 c]t Iadlk dko]hP’f6 c]t Iadlk dko]hP’f6 c]t Iadlk dko]hP’f6 c]t Iadlk
gzY’ .shoEgzU’F -j;pxtlq, ]hP’ c]t Iadlk
gdlvofvdw,h
d5h’ c]t xk .shvksko X-Uo? ]hP’ c]t Iadlk
xk .shvksko X-Uo? ]hP’ c]t Iadlk.oc,joEF [b’DDD
oqdxuf dyoc,’w,hF [Q’1j68k, Iadlkgxao[k’g;]kmju8hv’dko
mqj’okF l;oDDD
oqdmjuskpkd lP’Ihv’F 7;k,grufgruoDDD [+me]kp
\6 .shvksko X-Uo?F 0UgIaf/j5o ]hP’
’q;F 7;kp .shoq,F vkskoF 0UgIaf/5jo ]hP’
lafxjk 7;k,lq,f6ome,t-kf xhv’dao c]t [+me]kplafxjk
,hvo .shglAow\F 8Ogxaoczjocr ]hP’ c]t Iadlk
cdt .sh-Uo c]t 0qogIafgxaoczjocr ]hP’ c]t Iadlk
lafvnjoM DDD
-njlaf -njlaf -njlaf -njlaf -njlaf 3mf0v’laf 3mf0v’laf 3mf0v’laf 3mf0v’laf 3mf0v’laf dkode9aflafmu j.sh3mfdkode9aflafmu j.sh3mfdkode9aflafmu j.sh3mfdkode9aflafmu j.sh3mfdkode9aflafmu j.sh3mf
c,’;aoF p5’ oeg-Nvrtpkf gIafvtokw,gInvo-ko
[Q’F 8adc8o dyog7njv’x6d0v’/a’ .-h1kxk[laf86rnfF .-hc,’w,hvnjo0hk
oqdxuf dyog0Qk.ookF .owIj .lj85h,8+oqdxufF .ljfk',v'oqd
Xgxao[k'3vdkf?
lafvnjoMDDDDD DDDDD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
53
[qfmu !&[qfmu !&[qfmu !&[qfmu !&[qfmu !& dkodyovksko0v’lafdkodyovksko0v’lafdkodyovksko0v’lafdkodyovksko0v’lafdkodyovksko0v’laf
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd7;k,\kp0v’7e;jkG z6h]jk c]t gspnjv
@D [vd;ymu]jkgspnjv0v’laf[k’-toyf
#D rao]tok;ymudyovksko0v’laf[k’-toyf
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
laf[k’-toyfgxaoz6h]jkF laf[k’-toyfgxaogspnjv c]t [k’-toyfgxaoma’z6h]jk c]t gspnjvD
lafc8j]t-toyf,u;ymu]jk c]t dyogspnjvc8d8jk’daoD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ I6[rk[laf.oxB,c[[IPo
{ [afI6[rk[laf-toyf8jk’M
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lqomtok\qfshv'lqomtok\qfshv'lqomtok\qfshv'lqomtok\qfshv'lqomtok\qfshv'
{ 768A’7e4k,lqomtok[qfIPogdqjk7no;jkG
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,shk;sao.odkolqomtok
{ dkogIaf;Pd.od5j,
{ dko8v[7e4k,
0=hmqflv[G0=hmqflv[G0=hmqflv[G0=hmqflv[G0=hmqflv[G
!D 38da[cdhc,jolaf9er;d.fL Xg]nv7ko?
@D \6 c]t c,;,u75oxt3spfspa’cdj7qogIqkL
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
54
T 7qogIqkdyospa’cfjgxaovksko L
T lafdyospa’cfjgxaovksko L
T 9qj’[vd-njlafmujdyolafvnjogxaovksko L Xpqd8q;1jk’#{$ -toyflaf?
T lafgsqjkoAo,u;ymu]jklafvnjodyo7ndao c]t 8jk’daoco;.f L
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG 7qodyoma’rnf c]t lafgxaovkskoD lj;olaf ,ulafdyornfF
lafdyo-Uo c]t lafdyoma’rnf c]t -UogxaovkskoD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[
{ 76.shoadIPola’gdfI6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPo X\kwo75[dt8jkpxjkF oqdg7Qk75[|6DDD ? c]t
768A’7e4k,;jkG
T laf.fgxaoz6h]jkL
T laf.fgxaogspnjvL
T ,ulaf-toyf.fcfjmujgxaoma’z6h]jk c]t gspnjvL
T laf-toyf.fdyodq[gxaovkskoL c]t dq[dyospa’gxaovkskoL
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG z6h]jkc,jo lafmujdyolafvnjogxaovksko X\kwoF oqdg7QkDDD?
c]t gspnjvc,jolafmuj4ndlafvnjodyogxaovksko Xc,'w,hF dt8jkpF DDD?F laf[k’
-toyfgxaoma’z6h]jk c]t gspnjv X'6F \kwoDDD?
# D# D# D# D# D lqomtokdjP;da[;ymu]jkgspnjv c]t ;ymudyovksko0v’laflqomtokdjP;da[;ymu]jkgspnjv c]t ;ymudyovksko0v’laflqomtokdjP;da[;ymu]jkgspnjv c]t ;ymudyovksko0v’laflqomtokdjP;da[;ymu]jkgspnjv c]t ;ymudyovksko0v’laflqomtokdjP;da[;ymu]jkgspnjv c]t ;ymudyovksko0v’laf
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxao ${ * d5j,D
d5j, !{#G d5j, !{#G d5j, !{#G d5j, !{#G d5j, !{#G ;ymu]jkgspnjv0v’laf
T c,’,5,,u;ymu]jkgspnjvco;.fL X.-h|jk’fad9a[?
T oqdg7Qk,u;ymu]jkgspnjvco;.fL X[yog9ufw]j75[?
T \kwo,u;ymu]jkgspnjvco;.fL Xw]j75[?
d5j, ${*Gd5j, ${*Gd5j, ${*Gd5j, ${*Gd5j, ${*G ;ymudyovksko0v’laf
T ’q;,u;ymudyoco;.fL Xdaf c]t 7hP;?
T \u,u;ymudyoco;.fL XdafF g]p c]t csho?
T wdj sn oqdcs^;,u;ymudyoco;.fL Xla[8vf c]t dno?
{ .sh8k’|hkd5j,]kp’korhv,ma’4k,g9kt9U,vudG
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
55
T ovd9kdlafmujdjk;,koUc]h; oadIPopa’gsaolafspa’cfj ,u;ymu]jkgspnjv c]t
,u;ymudyogspnjv7nda[lafmujwfh7Qo7;hk16j.od5j, L
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG lafc8j]t-toyf,u;ymu]jkgspnjvc8d8jk’daoG w]j75[ Xc,;?F
.-h|jk’ Xc,',5,?F .-h]Uo8yf Xdq[?F dvfIaf X’6?DDD c]t lafc8j]t-toyfd=,u;ymudyovksko
c8d8jk’daoG g]pF cshoF dafF f6fF la[8vfDDD
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,shk;sao.odkolqomtokF
{ gIaf;Pdd5j,F
{ dko8v[7e4k,
0=hmqflv[G0= hmqflv[G0= hmqflv[G0= hmqflv[G0= hmqflv[G
!D c,’,5,goaj’wpw;hgrnjvspa’ L
@D \k,u;ymudyovkskoco;.f L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
56
[qfmu !*[qfmu !*[qfmu !*[qfmu !*[qfmu !* cs^j’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t lafcs^j’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t lafcs^j’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t lafcs^j’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t lafcs^j’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t laf
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd;jk7qowfhrt]a’’ko,k9kdlaf c]t rnf
@D [vd;jklafwfhrt]a’’ko,k9kdlaf c]t rnf
#D vtmy[kp 7qo c]t lafwfhrt]a’’ko,k9kdrnf
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
7qo c]t lafwfhrt]a’’ko,k9kdrnf c]t laf
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ I6[rk[rkdlj;o8jk’M 0v’rnfmuj7qo c]t laf oe.-hgxaovksko
{ [afI6[rk[dkodyovksko0v’laf-toyf8jk’M
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{ dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{ dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{ dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{ dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{ dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D la’gdfI6[rk[Gla’gdfI6[rk[Gla’gdfI6[rk[Gla’gdfI6[rk[Gla’gdfI6[rk[G
{ 76.shoadIPola’gdfI6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPo c]h;8A’7e4k,;jkG
T g,njvgIqk[+wfhdyog0Qk7k[|bj’F gIqkI6hlbdco;.f L Xsu; c]t vyfg,njvp?
T vksko9er;dg0QkF ,aoF gznvdDDD ,uxt3spfspa’8+Ijk’dkp0v’gIqk L
X,uIjk’dkpc0’cI’ c]t ,urt]a’’kogIaf;Pd?
T vksko9er;dg0QkF ,aoF gznvdDDDwfh,k9kdlj;o.f0v’rnf L
T lafwfhrt]a’’ko,k9kd.l L
T gxaospa’ ’q;F 7;kpF dt8jkpDDD dyoc8jsphkd+,uIjk’dkp.spj c]t c0’cI’ L
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG 7qowfhrt]a’’ko,k9kdrnf c]t laf g-ajoG g0QkF fvdF
\kdF .[F IkdF ]e8QoF -UoF xkF w0jDDD lafd=wfhrt]a’’ko,k9kdrnf c]t lafD g,njv7qo
c]t lafdyovksko-j;p.shIjk’dkp,udkog8u[.spjc0’cI’ c]t g7njvows;wfhD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D lqomtokdjP;da[cs^j'rt]a’’ko0v’7qolqomtokdjP;da[cs^j'rt]a’’ko0v’7qolqomtokdjP;da[cs^j'rt]a’’ko0v’7qolqomtokdjP;da[cs^j'rt]a’’ko0v’7qolqomtokdjP;da[cs^j'rt]a’’ko0v’7qo
{ 768A’7e4k,lqomtokG
T 4hk7qogIqkdyoc8jrnf9tgxaoco;.f L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
57
T 4hk7qogIqkdyoc8j-Uo9tgxaoco;.fL
T vksko8Qo8=0v’7qoc,jospa’L Xrnf?
{ 76oerkoadIPolts^5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts^5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts^5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts^5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts^5[;jkG g,njv7qo c]t lafdyovksko7q[4h;o9t-j;p.shIjk’dkp
,urt]a’’korP’r=F g8u[.spjc0’cI’ c]t g7njvows;wfhD
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,shk;sao.odkolqomtokF
{ gIaf;Pdd5j,
{ dko8v[7e4k,
0=hmqflv[G0= hmqflv[G0= hmqflv[G0= hmqflv[G0= hmqflv[G
!D 7qogIqkdyospa’cfjgxaovkskoL
@D 7qogIqkwfhspa’9kddkodyovkskomujgxaornfL
\kpgsfG\kpgsfG\kpgsfG\kpgsfG\kpgsfG XdtdP,dkomqf]v’ [qfmu !(?
v5xtdvoGv5xtdvoGv5xtdvoGv5xtdvoGv5xtdvoG 9vdcdh; sn 9vd1k’.lF 4q’1k’.l
;ymuxt8y[afG;ymuxt8y[afG;ymuxt8y[afG;ymuxt8y[afG;ymuxt8y[afG
76 c]t oadIPogvqk-kp.lj.shwfhg7yj’9vdF sa’9kdoAo .shgvqkcdjo\kd4qj; #{&
cdjo;k’gmy’-kp c]t gvqkg9hpvtokw, sn g9hpglfxqd c]h;sqfoEm5d;aor=c8j.sh
-5j, c]t xtw;h ${& ;aoDDDDD Ivf[qfmu !( .shgvqk,kla’gdfD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
58
[qfmu !( [qfmu !( [qfmu !( [qfmu !( [qfmu !( cs^j’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t laf X8+?cs^j’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t laf X8+?cs^j’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t laf X8+?cs^j’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t laf X8+?cs^j’rt]a’’ko0v’7qo c]t laf X8+?
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd;jk rnf,urt]a’’koltlq,
@D vtmy[kpwfh;jkG 7qo c]t lafwfhrt]a’’ko,k9kdrnf
#D vtmy[kpdkooe.-hrt]a’’ko9kdrnf dkofe]q’-u;yf0v’7qo c]t lafD
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
rnf,urt]a’’koltlq,w;h8k,lj;o8jk’MF g,njv7qo c]t lafdyornf9twfhIa[rt]a’’koD 7qo
c]t lafoe.-hrt]a’’ko.odkog8u[.spjF gIaf.shIjk’dkp,u7;k,vq[v5joF vtw;pt;t.oIjk’dkp
gIaf;PdwfhF g7njvows;dyf9tde8jk’M c]t dkogda[ltlq,rt]a’’ko lj;omujgsnvw;h.oIjk’dkp
0v’7qo c]t lafD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ I6[rk[rkdlj;o8jk’0v’rnfmuj7qo c]t lafoe.-hgxaovksko
{ [afI6[rk[dkodyovksko0v’laf-toyf8jk’M
{ oegvqkdkomqf]v’dkodhkcdjo4qj;16jmhkp [qfmu !* ,kla’gdf
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D la’gdfzqodkomqf]v’Gla’gdfzqodkomqf]v’Gla’gdfzqodkomqf]v’Gla’gdfzqodkomqf]v’Gla’gdfzqodkomqf]v’G
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxao ${& d5j,la’gdfdko’vd0v’cdjo4qj;D
{ 76.shoadIPola’gdfdko’vd0v’cdjo4qj; c]t ]kp’kozqodkomqf]v’rhv,ma’
lqomtok;jkG
T oadIPogsaospa’cfj L X8Qo4qj;rQo0Bo?
T phvospa’,ao9bj’rQo0Bowfh L
T rt]a’’kogsqjkoAowfh,k9kd.l L
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG cdjornf,ucI’faomujlk,kfmt]5g9hp0kf c]t ’vd0Bo,k
wfhd=ltcf’;jk,urt]a’’koD rnfltlq,rt]a’’ko,k9kddkola’g7ktfh;pcl’ sn
dkox5'c8j'vksko1j6.o.[ c]h;,kltlq,w;h.ocdjoD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
59
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[
{ 76.shoadIPola’gdfI6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPo c]h;8A’7e4k,;jkG
T oadIPogsaospa’cfj.oI6[rk[L
T gxaospa’|+\kdrhk; 9bj’lk,kfcm’4t]5dk[mujc0’wfhL
T gxaospa’g7nv8eoyoF g7nv\kdvbDDD 9bj’lk,kfdhP;raow,h7hk’wfh1jk’c|hoL
T gxaospa’\kd’U;F \kddao4yoF \kdry]kDDD g,njvcdjc]h;c8dcs’fh;p8q;
gv’wfh L
T gxaospa’8Qosphk 9bj’lk,kfxqj’rhqo0Bo9kdfyowfh L
{ 76oerkoadIPolts^5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts^5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts^5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts^5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts^5[;jkG cdjo4qj;F g7nv8eoyoF \kd’U;DDD ,urt]a’’koltlq, s^n
rnf,urt]a’’koltlq,1j6.olj;o8jk’MD rnfoe.-hrt]a’’kolj;o|bj’ grnjvdkog8u[.spj
c]t rt]a’’kovudlj;o|bj’wfhltlq,w;h16j.oIkdF ]e8QoF .[F fvd c]t \kdD
# D# D# D# D# D lqomtokdjP;da[dkog8u[.spj0v’rnfF laf c]t 7qolqomtokdjP;da[dkog8u[.spj0v’rnfF laf c]t 7qolqomtokdjP;da[dkog8u[.spj0v’rnfF laf c]t 7qolqomtokdjP;da[dkog8u[.spj0v’rnfF laf c]t 7qolqomtokdjP;da[dkog8u[.spj0v’rnfF laf c]t 7qo
{ 768A’7e4k,lqomtokfaj’oUG
T .oc8j]t;ao7qogIqkdyospa’cfjgxaovkskoL
T lafdyospa’cfjgxaovkskoL
T 7qo c]t lafoe.-hlj;o.f0v'rnfgxaovkskoL
T 4hk7qo c]t laf[+,uvkskogsqjkoAo dyo9tgxaoco;.fL
T gxaospa’7qo c]t laf oe.-hrt]a’’ko9kdrnfL
{ 76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG76oerkoadIPolts5[;jkG 7qo c]t laf]h;oc8joe.-hlj;o8jk’M0v’rnfgxaovkskoD
rt]a’’ko9kdvksko mujgxaornf-j;p.shIjk’dkpg8u[.spjc0’cI’F ,u7;k, vq[v5joF
vtw;pt;t8jk’M.oIjk’dkpgIaf;Pdwfh c]t ,udkog7njvows;dyf9tde8jk’MD
rt]a’’kolj;omujgsnvpa’wfhgda[ltlq,w;h.oIjk’dkpD faj’oAo 7qoF laf c]t rnf,ulkp
rq;raodao.odkofe]q’-u;yfF g8u[.spj c]t 0tspkp8q;D
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,shk;sao.odkolqomtokF
{ gIaf;Pdd5j,F
{ dko8v[7e4k,G
!D gIqkdyolj;o.f0v’rnfgxaovkskoL
@D gxaospa’gIqkdyornfgxaovkskoL
#D gxaospa’gIqk9bj’oe.-hrt]a’’ko9kdrnfL
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
60
[qfmu !) g,nv’0v’gIqk[qfmu !) g,nv’0v’gIqk[qfmu !) g,nv’0v’gIqk[qfmu !) g,nv’0v’gIqk[qfmu !) g,nv’0v’gIqk
g;]k @ -qj;3,'
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd-nj c]t mju8A’0v'g,nv’mju8qovkwl1j6
@D [vd-njlt4komjule7ao8jk’M0v’g,nv’wfh
#D xqdxadIadlklt4komju8jk’M
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
1j6.og,nv’|bj’xtdv[,us^kp[hko c]t ,ult4komjule7aog-ajoG shv’dkoxqd7v’g,nv’F
shv’dkolndlkg,nv’F 3I’\=g,nv’F ;afF lt4komjumjv’mjP;F 8ts^kfDDD grnjvfegouo;Pd’ko
Ia[.-h-u;yfdkogxao1j60v’xt-k-qoD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ I6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPo
{ lt4komju8q;9y’0v’[hko c]t g,nv’
{ czomjug,nv’.oc0;’.f|bj’
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lqomtoklqomtoklqomtoklqomtoklqomtok
{ .shoadIPovklklt\ad ${& 7qo[vd-nj[hkoF g,nv’mju8qovkwl1j6
{ .og,nv’mjuoadIPovkwl1j6 ,ult4komjule7ao.fcfj L
{ grnjvgIaf.sh[hko0v'gIqkl;p'k, gIqk7;ogIafco;.f L
{ 76 c]toadIPolts5[G r;dgIqkm5d7qo]h;oc8j,u[hkoF g,nv’mju8qovkwl1j6D c8j]t[hkoF
g,nv’ ,ult4komju8A’1j6ltgrkt c]t ,ult4komjuc8d8jk’daoD grnjvgIaf.sh[hkoF g,nv’
0v’8qo,u7;k,l;p’k, c]t gxao8k|hk1j6 r;dgIqkm5d7qo8hv’Iadlkvtokw,F [+4Y,
0UgspNv-t-kpF [+me]kp,hk’grlt4komju8jk’MF [+d+7;k,;j5o;kpF lhk’c8jlyj’mju
gxaoxt3spf.shcdjla’7q,D
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D lbdlklt4komjuovdshv’IPolbdlklt4komjuovdshv’IPolbdlklt4komjuovdshv’IPolbdlklt4komjuovdshv’IPolbdlklt4komjuovdshv’IPo
{ 76vkf9af8A’oadIPowxles^;flt4komjule7ao8jk’Mg-ajoG shv’dkoF leoad’koF
lt4komju.f|bj’mju.dhda[3I’IPoD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
61
{ lt4komjule7ao,uspa’cfj L Xshv’dko[hkoF ;af;kvkIk,F DDD?
{ lt4komjufaj’djk;8A’1j6.l Xvu’.lj7;k,gxao9y’0v’lt4komju mjuoadIPowfhwxlbdlk?D
{ 76lts5[G 8k,lt4komju mjuwfhrkoadIPovvdwxlbdlk
{ oadIPo9tgIafco;.f grnjv.sh[hkog,nv’0v’8qo,u7;k,l;p’k, c]t gxao8k|hk1j6 L
# D# D# D# D# D lqomtok.odj5,lqomtok.odj5,lqomtok.odj5,lqomtok.odj5,lqomtok.odj5,
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j,8k,7;k,g\ktlq, 9kdoAo .shoadIPola’gdfczomuj c]t
I6[rk[1j6.oxB,c[[IPo c]h;4k,;jkG I6[rk[faj’djk; g;Qkg4y’spa’ 8k,mjuoadIPo
la’gdfgsaoD
T 76cotoe8yf8k,oadIPoc8j]td5j,grnjv8A’7e4k,dt85ho.shoadIPog0Qk.9 g-ajoG
shv’dkoxqd7v’g,nv’F 3I’\=F lt4komjule7ao8jk’MDDD mju,u1j6.oxB,c[[IPoD
{ 8q;cmo0v’c8j]tdj5,0Boltg|uF oadIPodj5,vnjoMxtdv[7e7yfgsaogruj,g8u,D
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[G 1j6.og,nv’|bj’xtdv[,uskp[hko c]t ,ult4komjule7ao
c8d8jk’dao g-ajoG shv’dkoxqd7v’g,nv’F shv’dkolndlkg,nv’F 3I’\=g,nv’F ;afF
lt4komjumjv’mjP;F 8tskfDDD grnjvfegouo;Pd’koIa[.-h-u;yfdkogxao1j6mk’fhko;af45D
9yf.9 c]t l50trk[DDD 0v’xt-k-qoD
$ D$ D$ D$ D$ D c8h,I6[c8h,I6[c8h,I6[c8h,I6[c8h,I6[
{ 76cotoe.shoadIPoc8h,I6[lt4komju.f|bj’ Xshv’dkoxqd7v’g,nv’F shv’dko
lbdlkg,nv’F lt4komjumjv’mjP;DDD ?
{ sa’9kdoAo.shoadIPooegvqkI6[mju8qogv’c8h,wx8yf.lj/kshv’IPoF gvUooadIPo @{#
7qo0Bovtmy[kpI6[mju8qoc8h, sn lqomtokIj;,daoD
{ [vd-njI6[mjuc8h,F .oI6[c8h,,uspa’cfj L gxaospa’9bj’c8h,I6[faj’djk; L
{ 76lts5[G 3fpvu’.ljI6[mjuoadIPoc8h,D
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ dko8v[7e4k,0v’oadIPo
{ dko,ulj;oIj;,.odyf9tdedj5,
{ dkovvdwxles^;f
{ dkoc8h,
{ dkovvd0=hlv[G
T g,nv’mjuohv’vkwl1j6-nj;jkco;.f L 8yfda[g,nv’.fcfj L
T g,nv’ohv’,ult4komjule7ao.fcfj L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
62
[qfmu !_ [qfmu !_ [qfmu !_ [qfmu !_ [qfmu !_ c0;’0v’gIqkc0;’0v’gIqkc0;’0v’gIqkc0;’0v’gIqkc0;’0v’gIqk
g;]k @ -qj;3,'
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd-nj c]t mju8A’c0;’mju8qovkwl1j6wfh
@D [vd-njlt4komjule7ao8jk’M.oc0;’wfh
#D xqdxadIadlklt4komju8jk’M
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
1j6.oc0;’|bj’,uskpg,nv’ c]t ,ug0fcfo8yfda[c0;’vnjoMD .oc0;’ ,ult4komjule7ao
g-ajoG shv’dkoxqd7v’F shv’dkolbdlkF 3I’\=F dt-;’F lt4k[aoF lt4komjumjv’mjP;F 8tskfDDD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ czomjuc0;’ c]t g,nv’.f|bj’
{ I6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPo
{ lt4komju8q;9y’.oc0;’ c]t g,nv’.f|bj’
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lqomtok];,lqomtok];,lqomtok];,lqomtok];,lqomtok];,
{ .shoadIPovklklt\ad @{# 7qo c]h;8v[7e4k,faj’oUG
T c0;’mju8qovkwl1j6,u-nj;jkco;.f c]t ,u-kpcfo8yfda[c0;’.fcfj L
T .oc0;’0v’gIqk,ug,nv’.fcfj L
T .oc0;’0v’gIqk,ult4komjule7ao.fcfj L
{ 76lts^5[G r;dgIqkm5d7qo]h;oc8j,u[hkoF g,nv’ c]t c0;’mjur;dgIqkvkwl1j6D
c8jc0;’,umju8A’1j6 c8d8jk’dao c]t ,u-kpcfo8yfda[c0;’vnjoMD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D lqomtok.odj5,lqomtok.odj5,lqomtok.odj5,lqomtok.odj5,lqomtok.odj5,
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j,8k,7;k,g\ktlq,9kdoAo .shoadIPola’gdfI6[rk[1j6.o
xB,c[[IPo c]h;4k,;jkG
T oadIPogsaospa’cfj.oI6[rk[ L
T .oc0;’faj’djk;xtdv[,ug,nv’.fcfj L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
63
T ,ult4komjule7ao.fcfj L
{ 8q;cmo0v’c8j]tdj5,0Boltg|uF oadIPodj5,vnjoMxtdv[7e7yfgsaogruj,g8u,D
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[G 1j6.oc0;’|bj’xtdv[,us^kpg,nv’ c]t ,ug0fcfo
8yfda[c0;’vnjoMD .oc0;',ult4komjule7aog-ajoG shv’dkoxqd7v’F shv’dkolbdlkF
3I’|=F dt-;’F lt4k[aoF lt4komjumjv’mjP;F 8ts^kfDDD
# D# D# D# D# D c8h,I6[c8h,I6[c8h,I6[c8h,I6[c8h,I6[
{ 76cotoe.shoadIPoc8h,I6[lt4komju.f|bj’ s^n c8h,8q;g,nv’.f|bj’mju8qogv',ad
3fpvu’8k,9yo8tokdko Xshv’dkoxqd7v’c0;’ F rtcodlbdlkc0;’F lt4komju
mjv’mjP;DDD ?
{ sa’9kdoAo .shoadIPooegvqkI6[ mju8qogv’c8h,wx8yf.lj/kshv’IPoF gvUooadIPo @{#
7qo0Bovtmy[kpI6[mju8qoc8h, sn lqomtokIj;,daoD
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[G 3fpvu’.ljI6[mjuoadIPoc8h,D
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ dko8v[7e4k,0v’oadIPo
{ dko,ulj;oIj;,.odyf9tdedj5,
{ dkoc8h,I6[
{ 0=hmqflv[G
T c0;’muj8qovkwl1j6,u-nj;jkco;.f L c]t ,u-kpcfo8yfda[c0;’.fcfj L
T .oc0;’0v’gIqk,ug,nv’.fcfj L
T .oc0;’0v’gIqk,ult4komjule7ao.fcfj L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
64
[qfmu @W [qfmu @W [qfmu @W [qfmu @W [qfmu @W dko7q,,tok7q,dko7q,,tok7q,dko7q,,tok7q,dko7q,,tok7q,dko7q,,tok7q,
g;]k @ -qj;3,'
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd-njrkstot8jk’Mwfh
@D 9ecod7;k,c8d8jk’0v’rkstot
#D vtmy[kp7;k,\kp0v’dko7q,,tok7q,
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
rkstotmju.-h.odkogfuomk’ c]t 0qolqj’lyo7hk,uskp-toyfg-ajoG d;PoF ]=hF ]qf9adF ]qf4u[F
]qfdt[tF gInvF pqo DDD rkstotc8j]t-toyf,u]adltotc8d8jk’daog-ajoG d;Po.-hcI’]kdcdjF
]qf4u[.-hcI’4u[F ]qf9adF ]qf.spjF pqoDDD ,ug7njv’9adc]jofh;poE,aoD 7qogIqk.-hrkstotfaj’djk;
grnjv]e]P’0qolqj’g7njv’0v’F wx,ksklj6dao gvUo;jk dko7q,,tok7q,D
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ I6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPo
{ rkstot9y’
{ [af-njrkstot
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lqomtok];,lqomtok];,lqomtok];,lqomtok];,lqomtok];,
{ 768A’7e4k,.shoadIPo8v[faj’oUG
T oadIPo,k3I’IPofh;pspa’ L X]qf4u[F ]qf9adF pjk’DDD?
T ,u.zcfj,k3I’IPofh;pG
D ]qf4u[
D ]qf9ad
D pjk’ DDD
T dkopjk’ c]t 0ju]qf4u[,uzqofu8+l50trk[co;.f L
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts^5[G r;dgIqk,k3I’IPofh;prkstotmjuc8d8jk’dao
[k’7qo0ju]qf4u[F [k’7qo0ju]qf9adF [k’7qod=pjk’ DDD dkopjk’ c]t 0ju]qf4u[gxaodko
vvdde]a’dkp g-yj’gxaozqofu8+l50trk[F gIaf.shIjk’dkp0v’gIqkc0’cI’fuDDD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
65
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[la’gdfI6[rk[
{ 76.shoadIPola’gdfI6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPoc]h;8A’7e4k,faj’oU G
T ,urkstot.fcfj.-h.odkogfuomk’ c]t 0qolqj’lyo7hk L
T rkstotc8j]t-toyf,u7;k,c8d8jk’daoco;.f L
{ 76.shoadIPovklklt\ad #{$ 7qo8v[8k,dkola’gdfgsao.oI6[rk[
{ 76lts5[G rkstotmju.-h.odkogfuomk’ c]t 0qolqj’lyo7hk,us^kp-toyfg-ajoG d;PoF
]=hF ]qf9adF ]qf4u[F ]qfdt[tF gInvF pqoDDD rkstotc8j]t-toyf,u]adltotc8d8jk’dao
g-ajoG d;Po.-hcI’]kdcdjF ]qf4u[.-hcI’4u[F ]qf9adF ]qf.spjF pqoDDD ,ug7njv’
9adc]jofh;poE,aoD 7qogIqk.-hrkstotfaj’djk; grnjvwx,k c]t ]e]P’0qolqj’g7njv’
0v’F wx,ksklj6dao gvUo;jkG dko7q,,tok7q,D
# D# D# D# D# D 9ecodrkstot9ecodrkstot9ecodrkstot9ecodrkstot9ecodrkstot
{ 761kp[af-njrkstot.shoadIPo8k,9eo;o[af7emju76dP,,k
{ cotoe.shoadIPovjko[af7e.o.98k,[afmju8qowfhIa[D sa’9kdoAo wxxjvo.ljda[.sh
4nd8hv’ X9t,u # da[G da[mu ! 0Porkstotmju .-hmk’[qdF da[mu @ 0Porkstot
.-hmk’oE c]t da[mu # 0Porkstot.-hmk’vkdkf?D
{ 76d;fg[yj’7;k,4nd8hv’.oc8j]tda[
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[G rkstotmju.-h.odko0qolqj’F gfuomk’wx,k,us^kp
-toyfc8d8jk’daoD rkstotmju.-hmk’[qd,uG ]qf9adF ]qf4u[F ]qfF d;PoF ]=h DDD rkstot
mju.-hmk’oE,udexajoF gInv-toyf8jk’MD rkstotmju.-hmk’vkdkf,uG pqo
$ D$ D$ D$ D$ D c8h,I6[c8h,I6[c8h,I6[c8h,I6[c8h,I6[
{ 76cotoe.shoadIPoc8j]t7qoc8h,rkstot.f|bj’8k,.9,ad
{ 9kdoAo.shoadIPo9a[7j6daoc]h;g;Qk.sh\j62a’;jk8qoc8h,I6[spa’ c]t .-hw;hgIafspa’ L
{ 76.shoadIPoc8j]t7qogvqkI6[mju8qogv’c8h,8yf.lj/kshv’IPoD
{ 76.shoadIPola’gdfg[yj’I6[c]h;g]nvdgvqkI6[.fmju’k, c]t lq,[6oxt,ko @{# I6[
.shg9Qk0v’I6[0Boltg|u.sh\j62a’D
{ 76oerklts5[G 8k,7;k,gxao9y’0v’I6[mjuoadIPoc8h,D
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
66
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ dko8v[7e4k,
{ dko,ulj;oIj;,.odyf9tded5j,
{ zqo’ko9kddkoc8h,I6[
{ 0=hmqflv[G
!D rkstot.-h.odko7q,tok7q,,uspa’cfj L X ]qfF pqoF gInvF d;PoF ]=hF ]qf9adF ]qf4u[DDD
@D .o7v[7q;0v’oadIPo,urkstot-toyf.fcfjF gryjo.-hw;hgIafspa’ L
[qfmu @! [qfmu @! [qfmu @! [qfmu @! [qfmu @! dko7q,,tok7q, X8+?dko7q,,tok7q, X8+?dko7q,,tok7q, X8+?dko7q,,tok7q, X8+?dko7q,,tok7q, X8+?
g;]k @ -qj;3,'
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vdxt3spf0v’rkstot8jk’Mwfh
@D oe.-hrkstotmjus5fzjvo,qo]tryf c]t dkoxt1af
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
.odkowx,kF 0qolqj’lyo7hk grnjvdkofe]q’-u;yfgryjo.-hrkstot8jk’Mg-ajoG ]qfF pqoF gInvF
d;PoF ]=hF ]qf9adF ]qf4u[DDD dkooe.-hrkstotoAo 8hv’g]nvd.-h.shg\ktlq,da[ltrk[dkoF
g’njvow08q;9y’ c]t s5fzjvo,qo]tryf c]t xt1af.odko.-h9jkpDDD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ I6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPo
{ rkstot9y’
{ [af-njrkstot
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lqomtokdj5,lqomtokdj5,lqomtokdj5,lqomtokdj5,lqomtokdj5,
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxaodj5,8k,7;k,g\ktlq,F 9kdoAo .shoadIPola’gdf[aofk
I6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPoc]h;4k,;jkG
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
67
T rkstotgryjo.-hw;hgIafspa’cfj L
T ,urkstot-toyf.fcfj.-h.odko]e]P’0qolqj’wfhs^kp c]t wx,kltf;d L
T dkooe.-hrkstot-toyf.flk,kfs5fzjvo,qo]tryfmk’lP’ c]t vkdkf L
{ 76c[j’7e4k,.shc8j]tdj5,F 9kdoAo 8k’|hkd5j,0Bo]kp’koD
{ 76oerklts5[G rkstotc8j]t-toyf,udkooe.-hc8d8jk’daoF [k’1jk’d=.-h0qog7njv’
0v’F [k’1jk’d=.-hle]a[dko0a[0juwx,k grnjv7;k,ltf;dD rkstotmju.-h0qolqj’
g7njv’0v’ ,uG ]qfF pqoF dexajoF gInvF d;PoF ]=hD rkstotmju.-h.odko0a[0juwx,k,uG
]qf9adF ]qf4u[F ]qfg,F ]qf[afF pqoDDD dkooe.-hrkstot1jk’4nd;ymuc,jo[+7;o
[ao95g7njv’gduo 7;k,lk,kfF 8hv’\ajod;fltrk[0v’rkstotg]NvpMF 7;og]nvd
.-hrkstot mujs5fzjvo,qo]tryf mk’lP’F vkdkf g-ajoG 7;o0ju]qf4u[F .-hd;PoF
]h=0qog7njv’ 3fp vu’8k,g’njvow0 c]t glAomk’gfuo.shg\ktlq,D
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D lbdlk7Qo7h;kzqofu c]t zqoIhkp.odkooe.-hrkstot8jk’Mlbdlk7Qo7h;kzqofu c]t zqoIhkp.odkooe.-hrkstot8jk’Mlbdlk7Qo7h;kzqofu c]t zqoIhkp.odkooe.-hrkstot8jk’Mlbdlk7Qo7h;kzqofu c]t zqoIhkp.odkooe.-hrkstot8jk’Mlbdlk7Qo7h;kzqofu c]t zqoIhkp.odkooe.-hrkstot8jk’M
{ 76lqomtokda[oadIPodjP;da[zqofuF zqoIhkp.odkooe.-hrkstot[k’-toyf g-ajoG
]qf4u[F ]qf9adF ]qfg,DDD
{ 760uf8k8t]k’.ljdtfkoc]h;0Po0=h7;k,.ljc8j]tshv’faj’8q;1jk’]5j,oUG
-njrkstot zqofu zqoIhkp
dko0ju]qf4u[ xt1afg’yoF [+wfh-NoE,ao.ljF g,njvp4u[F wxwdMoko
l50trk[ c0’cI’F wx,k Ivf
ltf;d[+,u,qo]tryfF 7;k,ljP’
8+v5[afgsf|hvp
dko0ju]qfg, [aom5dwfhskpF ]k7k4ndd;jk ,u,qo]tryfmk’lP’c]t
]qf3fplko-toyfvnjoM vkdkfF gxnv’oE,aoF
9vfskp[jvo
{{{{{{{{{{{ {{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{ {{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{
{{{{{{{{{{{ {{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{ {{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{
{{{{{{{{{{{ {{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{ {{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{{
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
68
[qfmu @@ [qfmu @@ [qfmu @@ [qfmu @@ [qfmu @@ dkoxqd7v’0Aog,nv’ c]t c0;’dkoxqd7v’0Aog,nv’ c]t c0;’dkoxqd7v’0Aog,nv’ c]t c0;’dkoxqd7v’0Aog,nv’ c]t c0;’dkoxqd7v’0Aog,nv’ c]t c0;’
g;]k @ -qj;3,'
I. 95fxtlq’G95fxtlq’G95fxtlq’G95fxtlq’G95fxtlq’G
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd-nj[k’vq’dko9af8A’c0;’wfh
@D rao]tok|hkmjuF 7;k,Ia[zyf-v[0v’g9Qkg,nv’F g9Qkc0;’ c]t vq’dko9af8A’
vnjoMwfhD
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
.oc8j]tg,nv’ c]t c0;’9t,uleoad’koF vq’dko9af8A’8jk’M g-ajoG leoad’koxqd7v’
g,nv’F c0;’F vq’dko9af8A’-k;|j5,F ltstraoc,jpy’F de,t[koF rtcodlbdlkF lkmk
]totl5dDDD .oc8j]tg,nv’F c0;’,u g9Qkg,nv’ c]t g9Qkc0;’gxaozh6xqd7v’l6’l5f.o[=]yg;ooAoD
g9Qkg,nv’ c]t g9Qkc0;’,u|hkmjug[yj’cp’f6c]-u;yfdkogxao1j60v’xt-k-qoF cdhw0 [aosk8jk’M
.og,nv’ sn c0;’mju8qoIa[zyf-v[D
{ 76 c]t oadIPoIj;,daolts5[G xtgmfgIqk.og,njvdjvo.-hd;PoF ]=hF ,hkF ’q;F 7;kp DDD
]kdcdjF ,kIvfxt95[aowfh,udkorafmtokF ,urkstotmaoltw\s^kp0BoF gIaf.sh
dko7q,,tok7q,ltf;dlt[kp c]t ;jv’w;D .ovtok7qfvkf9t,u]qfw2D ]qfw22hkD
c8jdkooe.-hrkstot8jk’MoAod=,uma’zqofu c]t zqoIhkpD faj’oAo gIqk7;og]nvd.-h
rkstot.shg\ktlq,da[ltrk[7;k,gxao9y’ grnjv7;k,xvfwr8+-u;yf c]t -a[lyo
0v’8qo D
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ dko8v[7e4k,
{ dko,ulj;oIj;,.odyf9tded5j,
{ 0=hmqflv[G
T rkstotgryjo.-hw;hgIafspa’cfj L
T dkooe.-hrkstot-toyf.flk,kfs5fzjvo,qo]tryfmk’lP’ c]t vkdkf L
T ,urkstot-toyf.fcfj.-h.odko]e]P’0qolqj’wfhs^kp c]t wx,kltf;d L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
69
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ czo;kf37’Ijk’dko9af8A’g,nv’ c]t c0;’.f|bj’
{ I6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPo
{ lt4komju8q;9y’.og,nv’ c]t c0;’
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
!D lqomtok.odj5,!D lqomtok.odj5,!D lqomtok.odj5,!D lqomtok.odj5,!D lqomtok.odj5,
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j,8k,7;k,g\ktlq,F 9kdoAo .shoadIPola’gdfczo;kf
1j6.oxB,c[[IPo c]h;4k,;jkG
T czo;kf.oxB,c[[IPooadIPola’gdfgsaovq’dko9af8A’.fcfj L
T I6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPooadIPola’gdfgsaospa’cfj L
T 76vkf9tpjk’wx,kskoadIPoc8j]td5j,grnjv8A’7e4k,dt85ho.shoadIPog0Qk.9
{ 8q;cmo0v’c8j]tdj5,ltg|uzqo’koF oadIPodj5,vnjoMxtdv[7e7yfgsaogruj,g8u,D
{ 76oerklts5[G .oc8j]tg,nv’ c]t c0;’9t,uleoad’koF vq’dko9af8A’8jk’Mg-ajoG
leoad’koxqd7v’g,nv’F c0;’F vq’dko9af8A’-k;|j5,F ltstraoc,jpy’F de,t[koF
rtcodlbdlkF lkmk]totl5dDDD .oc8j]tg,nv’F c0;’,ug9Qkg,nv’ c]t g9Qkc0;’
gxaozh6xqd7v’l6’l5f.o[=]yg;ooAoD g9Qkg,nv’ c]t g9Qkc0;’ ,u|hkmjug[yj’cp’f6c]-u;yf
dkogxao1j60v’xt-k-qoF cdhw0[aosk8jk’M.og,nv’ sn c0;’mju8qoIa[zyf-v[D
@D ]tfq,lt\v’@D ]tfq,lt\v’@D ]tfq,lt\v’@D ]tfq,lt\v’@D ]tfq,lt\v’
{ .shoadIPovklklt\ad9eo;o|bj' [vd-njvq’dko9af8A’.f|bj’mju1j6.og,nv’ sn c0;’mju
8qovkwl1j6,k1jk'w; c]t .shwfhs^kpmjul5fD
{ 76oerklts^5[G r;dgIqkm5d7qo]h;oc8j,u[hkoF g,nv’ c]t c0;’mju8qovkwl1j6D
c8j]t[hkoF g,nv’ c]t c0;’d=,us^kpvq’dko9af8A’c8d8jk’dao 3fpvu’.ljltrk[
c]t lyj’ veo;p7;k,ltf;dD
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ dko,ulj;oIj;,.odyf9tdedj5,
{ dko8v[7e4k,0v’oadIPoD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
70
[qfmu @#[qfmu @#[qfmu @#[qfmu @#[qfmu @# cs^j’oEcs^j’oEcs^j’oEcs^j’oEcs^j’oE
g;]k @ -q;j3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
.shoadIPolk,kfG.shoadIPolk,kfG.shoadIPolk,kfG.shoadIPolk,kfG.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd-njcsj’oE8jk’MmujoadIPoIh6D
@D [vd75o]adltot0v’oE9kd[jvo8jk’daoD
#D 9ecod7;k,c8d8jk’]ts;jk’|v’F [b’F c,joE c]t mtg]D
$D [vdwfh-nj ,tsklt\5fmjule7aoma’ $
&D 9ecodwfh;jkoE,u @ xtgrf7nG oE9nf c]t oEg7a,D
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
oEmujgIqk.-hm5d,NoU ln[gonjv’,k9kdoE/qoD /qomju8qd]q’,k[k’lj;ows^9kdr6g0qkwx8k,
Ijv,sh;pF c]h;3I,g0Qkdaogxaoc,johe]eg-S [k’lj;ows3I,daog0Qkgxao[;d|v’F [b’ c]t lj;o
|bj’ws-b,]q’.ofyogxaooE.8hfyoD lkpoE8jk’Mws]q’l6jrNomuj8je c]t 3I,daog0Qkgxaomtg] c]t
,tsklt,5fS .o3]doU,u,tsklt\5f mjule7aomu $ csj’D oE9kd[jvo8jk’daovkf9t,u]adltot
8jk’daoS oEmtg]gxaooEg7a,S lj;ooE.oc,joE8jk’MgxaooE9nfD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
I6[rk[F xB,c[[IPo3]dvhv,8q;gIqk xD#F czomuj3]d sn |j;p3]d9e]v’ X4hk,u?F czomuj
xtgmf]k;F oEfnj,F gdnvF 9vdF oE9kd[jvo8jk’MD
IV. dyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvo
!D!D!D!D!D [vd-njcs^j’oEG [vd-njcs^j’oEG [vd-njcs^j’oEG [vd-njcs^j’oEG [vd-njcs^j’oEG
768A'7e4k,;jkG768A'7e4k,;jkG768A'7e4k,;jkG768A'7e4k,;jkG768A'7e4k,;jkG
{ csj’oEmujg0qkg9Qkg7upI6h9ad c]t rq[gsao,u1j6.ljcfj L XoExtxkF oE|v’F oE/qoF
oElhk’F oEsh;pF oEg-F oE0v’F oEmtg]F oE8qd8kfgxao8Qo ?D
{ oEgsqjkoU ltvkffu sn [+ L oadIPovkf9t,u7egsao8jk’daoF 767;oIa[2a’ c]t [+mao
[vd;jkG 4nd sn zyfD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D la’gdf c]t mqf]v’g[yj’75o]adltot0v’oE9kd[jvo8jk’MGla’gdf c]t mqf]v’g[yj’75o]adltot0v’oE9kd[jvo8jk’MGla’gdf c]t mqf]v’g[yj’75o]adltot0v’oE9kd[jvo8jk’MGla’gdf c]t mqf]v’g[yj’75o]adltot0v’oE9kd[jvo8jk’MGla’gdf c]t mqf]v’g[yj’75o]adltot0v’oE9kd[jvo8jk’MG
76gvqk9vdoEmuj[ao95oExtxkF oE|v’F oElhk’F oE9kd]eg-F oE8Q,;k’w;hgmy’
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
71
|hk38HtF .shoadIPozafxjPodaovvdwxla’gdf.dhM c]t [vd7;k,c8d8jk’dao0v’
oE9kdc8j]tcsj’mk’fhko7;k,.lF luF dyjo c]t ]qf-kf Xle]a[oEltvkfmujr=-u,wfh?
grnjvsk0=hlts5[;jkoE 9kdc8j]t[jvo,u75o]adltot[k’1jk’7ndao c]t [k’1jk’
c8d8jk’daoF oE05jogxaooE[+ltvkf lj;ooE.lg-yj’gIqk7yf;jk gxaooEltvkffu
c8jvkf,u[k'lyj’ [k’1jk’g9nvxqo1j6F c8jgIqk[+lk,kfg[yj’fh;p8kgxjqkwfhD faj’ohao
4hkgIqk9tfnj,oE 7;o8Q,.shl5dfuglpdjvoD
# D# D# D# D# D 9ecod7;k,c8d8jk’0v’cs^j’oE9ecod7;k,c8d8jk’0v’cs^j’oE9ecod7;k,c8d8jk’0v’cs^j’oE9ecod7;k,c8d8jk’0v’cs^j’oE9ecod7;k,c8d8jk’0v’cs^j’oE
.shoadIPog[jy’I6[mjudP,,k sn I6[.oxB,c[[IPo c]h;768A’7e4k,;jk G
{ oadIPoI6h sh;pF |v’F [b’ c]t c,joE.fcfj L
{ sh;pF |v’F [b’ c]t c,joE c8d8jk’daoco;.f L
.shhoadIPo #{$ 7qo8v[ X sn vkf9t.shoadIPo\qfshv’8v[ ? c]t .o0totfP;dao
76d=8hv’xhvo7e4k, grnjv.shwfh7elts5[;jkG
{ sh;pc,jolkpoEohvpmjuws^wx8qd.ljc,joED
{ |v’gxao;a’oEmuj[+ws^ ,u7;k,g]ydF 8No sn d;hk’F c7[8k,95fryglf0v’r6,lao4ko
0v’c8j]t[jvoD
{ [b’,u]adltot7hkpdaoda[|v’ c8j[b’.spjd;jk|v’S ,aogxaog[njv,F ,u0U8q,,usphk
gdufma’1j6dk’[b’ c]t c7,[b’D [b’,uoE0a’1j68ts^vfg;]k [+;jk]tf6c]h’d=7n]tf6
/qoS ,urnfgduf0Bo 8q;1jk’G sphkznF zadd6fF gmqkF c|F d=w7hgxao8QoD
{ c,joEgxaolkpoEws^9kdmujl6']q’,kmuj8jegxaow]ptmk’pk;wdS c,joEpa’,ush;p sn
c,joEohvpws^,k8qd.ljvudD 8q;1jk’G c,joE0v’g-yj’,u8Qodegouf16jxtgmf9uows^zjko
xtgmf]k;c8jg|nvIvf.8h c]h;wx8qd.ljmtg]1j6xtgmfs;Pfok,rkd.8hD
.o]tf6/qo c,joE]eg-9t,u]tfa[l6’0Bo c]t oE9t0j5oD g,njv]tf6c]h’ c,joE]eg-
9t[qd]q’ c]t oEd=9t.lvvdd;jk]tf6/qoD
$ D$ D$ D$ D$ D lqomtokdjP;da[mtg]F ,tsklt\5fGlqomtokdjP;da[mtg]F ,tsklt\5fGlqomtokdjP;da[mtg]F ,tsklt\5fGlqomtokdjP;da[mtg]F ,tsklt\5fGlqomtokdjP;da[mtg]F ,tsklt\5fG
768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G
{ ovd9kd sh;pF |v’F [b’ c]t c,joEc]h;F oEpa’,us^kp1j6.lvud L Xmtg]F
,tsklt\5fF oE.8hfyoD D D?
{ .zg7upgsaomtg]cfj L
{ oadIPo7yf;jkmtg]gxaooEco;.f L X oEmjud;hk’.spjl5flkp8kD D D?
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
72
76-j;pcotoe8n j,;jkG76-j;pcotoe8n j,;jkG76-j;pcotoe8n j,;jkG76-j;pcotoe8n j,;jkG76-j;pcotoe8n j,;jkG
T mtg]gxaooEmujd;hk’.spjF 8q;1jk’G mtg]9uoF mtg]vaofk,aoF mtg]g,fuc8ikogo
gxao8QoS 1j6c7,mtg],umt;u[8jk’MD
T ,tsklt,5fgxaooEd;hk’.spjl5flkp8kd;,gvqkmtg]8jk’M c]t d;,gvqkgoNvmuj
lj;o.spj0v’3]dD .o3]doU,u,tsklt\5f mjule7ao $ csj’ 7nG ,tsklt,5fxk-u2ydF
vaf]a’8ydF vkd8yd X0;Ao3]dg|nv? c]t ,tsklt,5fvyogfpD
.shoadIPog[yj’czomuj3]d F |j;p3]d9e]v’ X4hk,u? sn czomju.oxB,c[[IPoc]h;
-U[vd,tsklt,5f sn [jvomujgxaooEF ma’.shg0qkg9QkxP[mP[goNvmuj0v’oEda[goNvmuj
0v’[jvomjugxaofyo Xmt;u[? ;jkvao.fs^kpd;jkdao XgoNvmujoEs^kpd;jkgoNvmuj0v’
mt;u[?D
& D& D& D& D& D 9ecodoEvvdgxaooEg7a, c]t oE9nf9ecodoEvvdgxaooEg7a, c]t oE9nf9ecodoEvvdgxaooEg7a, c]t oE9nf9ecodoEvvdgxaooEg7a, c]t oE9nf9ecodoEvvdgxaooEg7a, c]t oE9nf
768A’[aosk0Bo;jk r;dgIqkwfhIPodjP;da[oE8jk’Mc]h; r;doadIPolk,kf[vdwfh[+;jk
gryjo c[j’oE8k,]qf-kfvvdgxao9adxtgrf L
76gvqk9vdoElv’vao8A’gmy’|hk38Ht 9vdmu|bj’.ljoEfnj,me,tfk c]t 9vdmulv’.ljoEfnj,
c]t gdnv7qo.sh]t]kpfuS .shvklklt\ad|bj’7qovvd,k-u, c]t xP[mP[]qf-kf0v’oE
ma’lv’9vdoAo g-yj’oadIPo9t[vdwfh;jk oE.o9vdmu|bj’9nf[+,u]qf-kfspa’S lj;ooE.o9vdmu
lv’,u]qfg7a,grkt,ugdnvD
76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolqomtokdjP;da[muj,k0v’gdnv grnjv.shwfh7egsao;jk gryjowfhgdnv,k
9kd[+ c]t 9kdmtg] 3fpdkogvqkoEg7a,,k8Q, sn gIafokgdnv1j68k,c7,mtg]D 9kdoAo
X3fpvu’.ljdko-u,oE? rhv,daosk0h=lts5[;jk oEmtg] c]t oE.o,tsklt,5fc,jooEg7a,S
lj;ooE.oc,joE|v’F [b’c,jooE9nfD
IV. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo dko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ dkoxtdv[7e7yfgsao c]t 7;k,gvqk.9.lj0v’oadIPoD
{ 7;k,4nd8hv’.odko8v[7e4k,D
{ 0=hmqflv[G
!D 9qj’[vd-jncsj’oE,k # 1jk’D
@D c,joEmuj.spjd;jk\6j.oxtgmf]k;,u-nj;jkco;.f L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
73
[qfmu @$[qfmu @$[qfmu @$[qfmu @$[qfmu @$ dko\6o;Po0v’oE.ome,t-kfdko\6o;Po0v’oE.ome,t-kfdko\6o;Po0v’oE.ome,t-kfdko\6o;Po0v’oE.ome,t-kfdko\6o;Po0v’oE.ome,t-kf
g;]k @ -q;j3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
.shoadIPolk,kfG.shoadIPolk,kfG.shoadIPolk,kfG.shoadIPolk,kfG.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D lts^5[wfh;jk g,njvoEwfhIa[7;k,Ihvo9tdkpgxaovkp c]t g,njvvkpoEdtmq[
da[7;k,g1ao,ao9t];,8q;daog0Qk c]h;dkpgxaooE.ork;tcs^;7noD
@D vtmy[kpdko\6o;Po0v’oE.ome,t-kfD
#D [vdwfh;jk3fp0Boda[g’njvow0oElk,kfxjPocx’rk;tg]NvpM g-ajoG c0’F cs;F vkpD
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
oE,udko\6o;Pog]NvpM 3fpg]uj,9kddko]tgsupvkp0v’oE.osh;pIjv’F |v’F [b’F
c,joE mtg] c]t ,tsklt,5fF c]h;xy;0Bowx.ovkdkfdkpgxaog/Nv sn g,dF 9kdoAo g,njvg/Nv
wfhIa[7;k,g1ao9tdkpgxao/qo8qd]q’,kl6jrNo3]d7no.\jF
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
\=hmuj,u/kxyf sn rk-tot8Q,oEF oEF g8qkw2 Xg8qk8tdP’gsQk sn g8qkw22hk?F da[w2F oEdhvoF
9vdoED
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D la’gdfxkdqfdko0v’vkpoE9kddko8Q,Gla’gdfxkdqfdko0v’vkpoE9kddko8Q,Gla’gdfxkdqfdko0v’vkpoE9kddko8Q,Gla’gdfxkdqfdko0v’vkpoE9kddko8Q,Gla’gdfxkdqfdko0v’vkpoE9kddko8Q,G
768A’7e4k,faj’oUG768A’7e4k,faj’oUG768A’7e4k,faj’oUG768A’7e4k,faj’oUG768A’7e4k,faj’oUG
{ oE,u1j6.lcfj L Xsh;pF c,joEF |v’[b’F mtg]F ,tsklt,5f?D
{ oEgsqjkoAo,k9kd.l L X9kdoE/qoF oEdhk,1j6g0f|k;DDD ?D
{ .o8vog-Qk pk,|k;1j68k,|v’F [b’F Ijv’F sh;p sn c,joE oadIPogsaospa’xy;0Bo
9kd|hkoE L XvkpoE?D
{ 1j6mhv’2hk oadIPogsaospa’gxaod5j,dhvo.spjg]njvo]vpwx,k L Xg,dF g/NvDDD?D
{ g,dF g/Nvgduf,k9kd.l L Xgduf9kdvkpoEDDD?D
76gvqkoEr=xt,ko.lj\=hc]h; 8A’gmy’g8qkw2mujlP[w22hk sn fa’w2w;hdjvo c]h;.shoadIPo
vvd,krhv,dao8yf8k,la’gdfdkoxjPocx’0v’oE c]h;rhv,daolqomtoksk0=hlts5[;jjkG g,njvoE
wfhIa[7;k,Ihvo,ao9t]tgsupgxaovkpD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
74
9kdoAo 76gvqk/k\h=xyf\h=w;hxt,ko @{# okmu c]h; .shoadIPogxuf/k\h=oAo grnjvla’gdflyj’muj
gduf0Bog-yj’oadIPo9tgsao;jk1j6/k\=h,uoE9a[daogxao1vfM c]t oEmuj9a[1j6/k\h=oAod=9t31f]q’D
76.sh7;k,Ih6gruj,8nj,;jkG dkomujgIqkgsao1vfoE8yf16j/k\h=0hk’.ooAod=grkt;jk /k\h=g1ao
d;jkv5ostr6,1j60hk’.oF ltoAo vkpoEg,njv4nd7;k,g1ao9t9a[daog0Qkgxaog,afoE sn 1vfoE
X8q;1jk’dko8Q,gsQkDDD?D
9kdoAo 76cotoe.shoadIPoI65h;jk /qod=gduf0Bo.omeov’fP;daoda[dkomqf]v’0hk’gmy’
oU7nG cl’cffwfh-jv’.ljoE.osh;pF Ijv’F |v’F [b’F c,joEF mtg] c]t ,tsklt,5fgIaf.shoE
]tgsupgxaovkpxy;0BowxF g,njvvkpfaj’djk;wx4nd7;k,g1aod=dkpgxaog,afoEohvpM c]h;];,8q;
daog0Qkgxaog,d 9kdoAo 9bj’dkpgxao/qo8qd]q’,kD oE.ooEme,t-kf9t\6o;Po1j6.omeov’
oU8ts^vfD dkog7njvo\6ogxaoIv[;Po0v’oE7nco;oAo gvUo;jk dko\6o;Po0v’oE.o
me,t-kfD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D lqomtokdjP;da[xkdqfdko dkoxjPork;t0v’oElqomtokdjP;da[xkdqfdko dkoxjPork;t0v’oElqomtokdjP;da[xkdqfdko dkoxjPork;t0v’oElqomtokdjP;da[xkdqfdko dkoxjPork;t0v’oElqomtokdjP;da[xkdqfdko dkoxjPork;t0v’oE
76m;o7no;jkG76m;o7no;jkG76m;o7no;jkG76m;o7no;jkG76m;o7no;jkG .odkomqf]v’8Q,oE gIqkla’gdfgsaovkpoE c]t gIqkpa’gsaovkpoE
xy;0Bo9kd|hkoE.o8vog-Qk]tf6|k; rhv,ma’8A’[aosk0Bovud;jkG
{ g,njvgIqkgvqkg7njv’xPdwx8kdw;hgxaospa’,ao9bj’csh’ L XphvooEgsupvkp?D
{ g,njv/qo8qdg-qkxt,kow]pt|bj’oEmuj7hk’gmy’.[w,hgxaospa’9bj’csh’ L
XoEgsupvkpg-ajodao?D
{ 4hkr;dgIqkgvqkoE.lj4q’1k’ sn rk-tot.f|bj’ c]h;xtw;h.oshv’oEdhvo0v’8h6g1ao
,ao9tgxaoco;.f L X g,njvoEwfhIa[7;k,g1ao8jeg4y’ W =c? oE9tdhk,gxaodhvoc0'
8q;1jk’G 1j6g0fmuj|k;cI’oE9tdhk, sn ,usy,tDDD?D
{ 1j6.ov5ostr6,me,tfk oE8jk’da[oEdhvo c]t vkpoEco;.f X.ov5ostr6,me
,tfkoEgxao0v’cs^;? L
{ oEdhvoF \kdgsa[F sy,tc,jooE.ork;t.f L Xrk;tc0'?D
{ vkpoEc,jooE.ork;t.f L Xvkp?D
{ oEmujr;dgIqk.-h1j6m5d;aooUc,jooE.ork;t.f L Xcs^;?D
76.sh7;k,I6hgru j,g8u,;jkG76.sh7;k,I6hgru j,g8u,;jkG76.sh7;k,I6hgru j,g8u,;jkG76.sh7;k,I6hgru j,g8u,;jkG76.sh7;k,I6hgru j,g8u,;jkG
oE[+1j6.ork;tvaocojovoF ,ao,udkoxjPocx’g]NvpM 3fp0Boda[g’njvow0S g4y’oE9t1j6
.ork;t.fd=8k,gIqkd=lk,kfoe.-h,ao.shgxaoxt3spf cdjdkofe]q’-u;yf0v’gIqkwfhD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
75
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
76ry9k]tok9kdG76ry9k]tok9kdG76ry9k]tok9kdG76ry9k]tok9kdG76ry9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,gvqk.9.lj c]t 7;k,4nd8hv’.odko8v[7e4k,.oc8j]tdyf9tdeD
{ 0=hmqflv[G
!D oElk,kf1j6.ork;t.fcfj L
@D .o0Ao8vodkogdufgxao/qoF 9qj’g8u,7eg;QkG /qoF vkpoEF g,d .lj[jvos;jk’ .sh4nd8hv’G
oE DDDD DDDDD DDDDD
[qfmu @&[qfmu @&[qfmu @&[qfmu @&[qfmu @& lyj’muj]t]kp8q; c]t [+lt]kp8q;.ooElyj’muj]t]kp8q; c]t [+lt]kp8q;.ooElyj’muj]t]kp8q; c]t [+lt]kp8q;.ooElyj’muj]t]kp8q; c]t [+lt]kp8q;.ooElyj’muj]t]kp8q; c]t [+lt]kp8q;.ooE
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D vtmy[kpwfh7;k,\kp0v’7e;jk <]t]kp8q;F [+]t]kp8q;< .ooED
@D mqf]v’grnjvltcf’;jk ;af45[k’-toyflk,kf]t]kp8q;.ooEF [k’-toyf[+lk,kf
]t]kp8q;.ooED
#D cpdlyj’muj[+]t]kp8q; c]t lyj’muj]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoEwfhD
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
;af45[k’-toyflk,kf]t]kp8q;.ooEF c8j[k’-toyf[+lk,kf]t]kp8q;.ooED dko
8v’c,jo;ymu|bj'mujlk,kfcpdlyj'muj[+]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoES lj;odko]tgsupvkpd=gxao;ymu|bj’
muj.-hcpdlyj’muj]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoED
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
9vdcdh;95]t $ |j;pF oE,aornfF oE8koF gdnvF cxh’F cxh’oq;F fyo-kpF oEF cr8v’
Xg9hp8v’ sn g9hpvtokw,?F dtxJv’le]a[8Q,F g8qkdt8P’gsQk XmPow0?F da[w2D
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lqomtok7;k,\kp0v’7e;jkG < ]t]kp8q;F [+]t]kp8q;<lqomtok7;k,\kp0v’7e;jkG < ]t]kp8q;F [+]t]kp8q;<lqomtok7;k,\kp0v’7e;jkG < ]t]kp8q;F [+]t]kp8q;<lqomtok7;k,\kp0v’7e;jkG < ]t]kp8q;F [+]t]kp8q;<lqomtok7;k,\kp0v’7e;jkG < ]t]kp8q;F [+]t]kp8q;<
gvqkoE.lj9vdcdh;.llv’|j;p .oxt]y,kogmqjkdaoF 9kdoAo gvqkfyo-kp.lj9vdmu|bj’ c]t
gvqkoE8ko.lj9vdmulv’ co;]txt,ko|bj’[j;’dkg2 c]h;7qoc8j]t9vdD .shoadIPo
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
76
la’gdfrhv,ma’7e4k, lqomtok8k,meov’faj’oUG
{ gIqkpa’gsaofyo-kp .o9vd1j6 sn [+ L Xgsao?D
{ gIqkpa’gsaooE8ko1j6.o9vd sn [+ L X[+gsao?D
{ fyo-kp]t]kp8q;.ooE sn [+ L
{ oE8ko]t]kp8q;.ooE sn [+ L
oadIPovkf9t8v[wfh8jk’daoS c8j767;ocotoe;jk dkomuj9t[vd;jklyj’.f]t]kp8q;.o
oEwfh sn [+oAo 8hv’ry9k]tok;jk g,njvgIqkgvqklyj’.f|bj’]q’.ooEc]h;lyj’oAo 9t8hv’];,8q;g0Qk
da[oEgxaogoNvfP;dao9bj’9t4n;jk lyj’oAo]t]kp8q;.ooE8q;1jk’G oE8koS c8j4hk.ljlyj’.f|bj’
]q’.ooE c]h;[+gxaogoNvfP;dao9t4n;jklyj’oAo [+]t]kp8q;.ooE 8q;1jk’G fyo-kp
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D xt8y[afdkomqf]v’xt8y[afdkomqf]v’xt8y[afdkomqf]v’xt8y[afdkomqf]v’xt8y[afdkomqf]v’
{ c[j’d5j,8k,7;k,g\ktlq,D
{ 768A’7e4k,8+wx;jk ,uspa’vudmuj]t]kp8q;wfh.ooE c]t 9tmqf]v’wfhco;.f LD
{ 76.shoadIPo c8j]t95gvqk9vd0Bo,k95]t $ |j;p g-yj’76.shdP,,kF 9kdoAo .shoad
IPogvqkoE.lj9vdr=xt,koD 76gvqkcxh’F gdnvF oE,aornfF cxh’oq; 1kp.shoadIPo
c8j]t95 grnjvgIafdkomqf]v’wxgmnjv]t1jk’ c]h;[aombdzqo.lj8k8t]k’G
9vd lyj'muj1j6.o9vd lyj'mujla'gdfgsao ]t]kpwfh ]t]kp[+wfh
!D oETcxh' ]t]kpgxao0v'cs;05hoF
,ulu0k;F [+,udyjoD
@D oETgdnv .lF gxaomkf0v'cs^;F [+,uluF
[+,udyjo
#D DDD DDD
$D DDD DDD
&D DDD DDD
lts^ 5[dkomqf]v’lts^5[dkomqf]v’lts^5[dkomqf]v’lts^5[dkomqf]v’lts^5[dkomqf]v’
768A’7e4k,9kddkomqf]v’G
{ gIqkgsaospa’cfj]t]kp8q;.ooE L phvospa’ L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
77
{ ,uspa’cfj[+]t]kp8q;.ooE L phvospa’ L
oadIPo7;olts5[wfh;jkG ;af45[k’-toyf]t]kp8q;.ooE g-ajoG oE8koF cxh’oq;S
;af45[k’-toyf[+lk,kf]t]kp8q;.ooEg-ajoG cxh’F oE,aogxao8QoD
# D# D# D# D# D cpdlyj’muj[+]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoEcpdlyj’muj[+]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoEcpdlyj’muj[+]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoEcpdlyj’muj[+]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoEcpdlyj’muj[+]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoE
{ 76gvqkoExtlq,da[cxh’.shoadIPola’gdf c]h;4k,oadIPo;jkG gIqk9tlk,kfcpd
cxh’vvd9kdoEwfhco;.f oadIPovkf9t8v[8k,7;k,I6hgfu,;jk .-h;ymudkogIaf.sh
oEgsupvkpvvdD
{ 767;ovtmy[kp8+wx;jk 4hkgIaffh;p;ymudkogIaf.shoE]tgsupvkpvvdgIqk9twfh
c8jcxh’gmqjkoAo lj;ooE]tgsupvkpwx\qfD ltoAo gIqk9t,u;ymudko.f grnjvcpd.shwfh
ma’oE c]t cxh’D
{ 76.shzh68k’|hkc8j]t95Ia[gvqkv5xtdvofaj’oUG 9;pIjkpoE ! vaoF g9hpvtokw, sn
cr8v’ c]t 9vd @ |j;p g-yj’|j;p|bj’.ljoExtlq,cxh’ X76dP,w;h.sh? c]t vud|j;p
|bj’.-hle]a[38j’D
76lkmyf;ymu8v’.shoadIPog[yj’F 9kdoAo .shoadIPogIaf8k,D
lts^ 5[dkomqf]v’Glts^ 5[dkomqf]v’Glts^ 5[dkomqf]v’Glts^ 5[dkomqf]v’Glts^ 5[dkomqf]v’G
768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G
{ c,jospa’8yf1j6g9hp8v’ L Xcxh’?
{ oEwx.l L Xws^zjkog9hp8v’wx1j6.o9vd?D
{ oE gxaoco;.f XxP[.ljdjvodko8v’? L
{ 4hk8hv’dko.shoEmuj8v’oAo .ld;jkgdqjkgIqk9t8hv’gIafco;.f L oadIPovkf9t8v[
wfh;jk9t8v’s^kpgmnjvD
{ ovd9kdg9hpvtokw,c]h; gIqkpa’lk,kf.-hspa’wfhvudle]a[8v’ L X.-hle]uF zhk8v’
gxao8qho?D
{ gryjolk,kfcpdspa’cfjvvd9kdoEfh;pdko8v’ L XcpdfyoF 0Ug4qjkDDD?
lts^5[Glts^5[Glts^5[Glts^5[Glts^5[G dko8v’gxao;ymu|bj’ grnjvcpdlyj’mju[+]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoED
*D cpdljy’mju]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoE*D cpdljy’mju]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoE*D cpdljy’mju]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoE*D cpdljy’mju]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoE*D cpdljy’mju]t]kp8q;vvd9kdoE
76.shzh68k’|hkoadIPolv’7qovvd,k8+|hkshv’muj38t76 c]t .shoadIPogvqkoE.lj.o
9vdxt,kog7jy’9vdrhv,ma’gvqkgdnv.lj|bj’[j;’c]h;7qoD m5d7qo9tgsao;jk gdnv]t]kp8q;.ooED
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
78
768A’[aosk0Bo;jkG768A’[aosk0Bo;jkG768A’[aosk0Bo;jkG768A’[aosk0Bo;jkG768A’[aosk0Bo;jkG
{ 9tcpdgdnvmuj]t]kp8q;1j6.ooEwfhfh;p;ymu.f L Xfh;pdkogIaf.shoE]tgsupvkp? sn
;ymuvnjoMF 76Ia[2a’ c]t pv,Ia[;ymumujoadIPoltg|u,kD
{ 768Q,oEgdnvoAo.shcsh’fh;pv5xtdvomujdP,,kc]h; .shoadIPola’gdfzqodkomqf]v’D
{ 76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolts^5[G dko8v’d=c,jo;ymu|bj’ grnjvcpdlyj’mju]t]kp8q;
vvd9kdoED ovd9kd;ymuoUc]h; pa’,u;ymuvnjoMvud g-yj’oadIPo9twfhgsao.o0Ao8+wxD
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
!D 7;k,gvqk.9.lj c]t 7;k,lk,ad7u.odkogIafmqf]v’
@D 7;k,4nd8hv’0v’dkogIafmqf]v’
#D 0=hmqflv[G
{ 9tcpdlyj’8+wxoUvvd9kdoEfh;p;ymu.f L 9qj’\kp.ljshv’mujg]nvd
;af45 T oE;af45 T oE;af45 T oE;af45 T oE;af45 T oE 8v' 8v' 8v' 8v' 8v' 8Q,.sh]tgsupvkp8Q,.sh]tgsupvkp8Q,.sh]tgsupvkp8Q,.sh]tgsupvkp8Q,.sh]tgsupvkp
!D fyo-kp DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
@D oE8ko DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
#D 0U/5jo DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
$D 0Udkg2 DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
79
[qfmu @*[qfmu @*[qfmu @*[qfmu @*[qfmu @* dkooe.-hoEdkooe.-hoEdkooe.-hoEdkooe.-hoEdkooe.-hoE
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
vtmy[kp7;k,le7ao0v’oE8+dko0tspkp8q;mk’fhkodtlydeF v5flkstde c]t
7q,,tok7q,D
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
oE ovd9kdgxaolyj’muj9egxao 8+dkofe]q’-y;uf0v’7qoF laf c]t rnf c]h;F pa’,u[qf
[kfle7ao.odko0tspkp8q;mk’fhkodtlydeF v5flkstde c]t 7q,,tot7q,vudfh;pD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
I6[xB,c[[IPo3]dvhv,8q;gIqk xD#F I6[rk[8jk’MdjP;da[dko.-hoEF
[af7e4k, X7e4k,]t @ [af?G
7e4k,mu !G .ofhkodtlydegryjo.-hoE grnjvspa’cfj L lyj’mujwfh9kddkodtlydefaj’djk;,uxt
3spfspa’ L X gIafgxao @ [af?
7e4k,mu @ G .ofhkov5flkstdegryjo.-hoE grnjvspa’cfj L zqowfhIa[9kdv5flkstde
faj’djk;,uxt3spfspa’ L XgIafgxao @ [af?
7e4k,mu #G .ofhko7q,,tok7q,gryjo.-hoEgrnjvspa’ L 1j6xtgmfgIqkgryjo0qolqj’spa’cfj
mk’oE L dko0qolqj’faj’djk;,uzqofuco;.f L X gIafgxao @ [af?
IV. dyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D 7Qo7;hk75oxt3spf0v’oEmk’fhkoglf4tdyf7Qo7;hk75oxt3spf0v’oEmk’fhkoglf4tdyf7Qo7;hk75oxt3spf0v’oEmk’fhkoglf4tdyf7Qo7;hk75oxt3spf0v’oEmk’fhkoglf4tdyf7Qo7;hk75oxt3spf0v’oEmk’fhkoglf4tdyf
768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G
{ oE.-hw;hgrnjvgIafspa’cfj L
76c[j’oadIPovvdgxao * d5j,F 1kp[af7e4k, X @d5j,9twfh7e4k,7ndao ? rhv,ma’vt
my[kp.shc8j]td5j,g0Qk.9fu c]h;9bj’.shg0qkg9Qk7Qo7;hk g-jy’.odko7Qo7;hkoAo oadIPovkf9tg[yj’
I6[.oxB,c[[IPoF .o|a’lnry, c]t vnjoMD
9kdoAo.shzh68k’|hkc8j]td5j,]kp’kozqodko7Qo7;hk 0v’d5j,8qo76[aombd7e]kp’ko
0v’c8j]t95 3fpsp=h.ljdtfko c]h;9bj’rhv,daosk0=hlts5[D
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
80
#D#D#D#D#D la’gdfI6[rk[G la’gdfI6[rk[G la’gdfI6[rk[G la’gdfI6[rk[G la’gdfI6[rk[G
76vkf9toerkoadIPolqomtok 3fp.shg[yj’I6[.oxB,c[[IPo c]t I6[rk[vnjoMmjuskwfh
c]h;8A’7e4k,wxgmnjv]tI6[faj’oUG
!? I6[-qo]txtmkoG
{ vaooUc,jospa’ L
{ gryjogvqkoEwxgIafspa’ L Xx6dg0QkF zadF ]hP’xkFDDD?
{ zqomujwfhgryjogvqkwx0kp1j6.l L
{ 4hk[+,uoE dkox6d/a’]hP’laf9tgxaoco;.f L
@? I6[3I’’kov5flkstdeF g0njvow22hkG
{ vaooUc,joI6[spa’ L
{ 4hk[+,uoE dkozt]yfgsqjkoAo9tgxaoco;.f L
{ w22hk,uxt3spfspa’cfj L X.shcl’lts;jk’F .-hgrnjvg[yj’3m]trk[F .-h.odkozt]yf
8jk’MF 0kp.sh8jk’xtgmfgrnjvgvqkg’yoFDDD?
{ dko.-hoEda[dko.-hoE,aogxaort]a’’ko grnjvzt]yfw22hkF oadIPo7yf;jk G vao.f
9txt1afd;jkdao L X.-hoExt1afd;jkgrktoE[+wfh-N?D
76cotoegruj,g8u,;jk ovd9kdoAoc]h; dko.-hoEgrnjvzt]yfdtclw22hkpa’,uzqofuvud
skp1jk’grkt,ao[+gIaf.shvkdkf,u7;aoryf c]t pa’zt]yfdtclw22hkwfhskpvudfh;pD 16jxtgmf
gIqkd=,uw22hkoE8qd1j6skp[jvo g-ajoG g0njvooe’bj, Xc0;’;P’9ao?F g0njvooEgmuo Xc0;’7e,j;o?
c]t vnjoMD
#?D I6[gInv0qolqj’lyo7hkG
{ vaooUc,joI6[spa’ L
{ oadIPo7yf;jk.oI6[oU oE,uxt3spfspa’cdjgIqk L X.-h.odkogfuogInvDDD?
76.sh7;k,Ih6cdjoadIPo;jkG gInv.spj1j6xtgmfgIqklk,kf[aom5dlyo7hkwfhskply[38o8+4hP;D
4hkc,jodexajogfuomtg] d=lk,kf[aom5dlyo7hkwfhgxaoIhvpgxaorao38o8+4hP;D grktltoAo dko0qo
lqj’lyo7hkmk’gInv9bj’,u]k7k4ndD
768A’7e4k,grnjv.shoadIPolts5[7noG oE,u75oxt3spf8+dkox6d/a’]hP’lafF 8+dkozt]yf
w22hkF 8+dkogfuogInvDDD
767;o.sh7;k,I6hgruj,vud;jk ovd9kdoUc]h; oE pa’4ndoe.-h1jk’s;’skp.o3I’’kov5f
lkstdeD oEglfmjuxjvpvvd9kd3I’’kov5flkstdeF lj;os^kp9txqogxNvofh;plyj’mjugxaoryfF
g,njvoEgxNvooUws^]q’l6jcsj’oE8jk’Mc]h;7qo sn lafwxfnj, sn vk[d=9tgdufgxaortpkf8jk’MwfhF
ltoAoF gIqk[+7;ovto5pkf.shzh6.f zh6|bj’xjvpoEgxNvo]q’l6jcsj’oED
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
81
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,lk,k,ad7u c]t 7;k,gvqk.9.lj8+dkogIaf;Pd.od5j,D
{ 7;k,4nd8hv’.odkovvd7;k,gsaoD
[qfmu @([qfmu @([qfmu @([qfmu @([qfmu @( dkoxqdxadIadlkcs^j’oEdkoxqdxadIadlkcs^j’oEdkoxqdxadIadlkcs^j’oEdkoxqdxadIadlkcs^j’oEdkoxqdxadIadlkcs^j’oE
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vdlkgsfmujgIaf.shcsj’oEgxNvogxyD
@D [vdzqoIhkp c]t ;ymuxqdxadIadlkcsj’oED
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
dkodtme0v’7qogxaolkgsf8Qo8=mujrk.shcsj’oEgxNvogxyS ltoAo r;dgIqk8hv’xqdxad
Iadlk-j;pdaoD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
xB,c[[IPo3]dvhv,8q;gIqk xD#F I6[rk[8jk’MmjuskwfhF csj’oE8q;9y’ grnjvwxles^;fD
IV. dyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvo dyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvo dyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvo dyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvo dyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lqomtokdjP;da[lkgsfmjugIaf.shcs^j’oEgxNvogxyDlqomtokdjP;da[lkgsfmjugIaf.shcs^j’oEgxNvogxyDlqomtokdjP;da[lkgsfmjugIaf.shcs^j’oEgxNvogxyDlqomtokdjP;da[lkgsfmjugIaf.shcs^j’oEgxNvogxyDlqomtokdjP;da[lkgsfmjugIaf.shcs^j’oEgxNvogxyD
768A’[aosk;jkG oEgxaolyj’9egxaomuj0kf[+wfhle]a[7qoF laf c]t rnf gIafco;.f9bj’9t,uoE
rP’r=da[7;k,8hv’dko c]t [+gxaovao8t]kp8+-y;yfD .shoadIPolqomtok c]h;xtdv[7egsaoD
9kdoAo .shoadIPog[yj’xB, sn I6[rk[c]h;8A’7e4k,G
{ .oI6[rk[ oadIPogsaospa’cfj L
{ oE.ocsj’ gxaoco;.f L
{ csj’oEltvkffuc]h;[+ L
{ .zgxaoz6hgIaf.shoEgxNvo L X 7qoF lafDDDD?
{ oEgxNvo,uzqoIhkpco;.fcfj8+r;dgIqk L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
82
{ gIqk9tgIafco;.f grnjv[+.shcsj’oE0v’r;dgIqkgxNvogxy L
lts5[lts5[lts5[lts5[lts5[G oEgxNvogxaovao8t]kp8+7qo c]t lafS ,aogduf9kds^kplkgsf c8jlj;o.spjc]h;
gduf9kddkodtme0v’,to5fD r;dgIqk8hv’rhv,daoxqdxadIadlkcsj’oE0v’r;dgIqk grnjv.sh
,uoEdyo oE.-h8ts^vfwxD
@D@D@D@D@D les^;fcs^j’oE les^;fcs^j’oE les^;fcs^j’oE les^;fcs^j’oE les^;fcs^j’oE
c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j,8k,7;k,g\ktlq, c]h;.shg0qkg9Qkvvdwxles^;fcs^j’oE
.dhMda[3I’IPo 3fpcotoe.shc8j]td5j,[aombdlyj’mjug0qkg9Qkla’gdfgsaoG lyj’mjugxNvogxy c]t
lkgsf0v’,aoD
9kdoAo .shz6h8k’|hkdj5,]kp’kozqodkoles^;f c]h;lqomtok grnjv-vdsk;ymuxqd
xadIadlkcs^j’oED
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,gvqk.9.lj.odkogIaf;Pd];,\6jD
{ 7;k,4nd8hv’0v’dko8v[7e4k,D
{ 7;k,dhksko.odkoltg|u7;k,7yf7;k,gsaoD
{ 0=hlv[4k,D
wdj0v’mhk;7efu8kp3fp[+I6hlkgsfF ]k;9tgIafco;.f L
9qj’\kp .lj7e8v[mujgsao;jk4ndD
dD gvqkwxx5’c8j’gxaovksko
0D gvqkwxws^oE.osh;p
7D gvqkwx/a’
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
83
[qfmu @)[qfmu @)[qfmu @)[qfmu @)[qfmu @) dkoxqdxadIadlkcs^j’oE X8+?dkoxqdxadIadlkcs^j’oE X8+?dkoxqdxadIadlkcs^j’oE X8+?dkoxqdxadIadlkcs^j’oE X8+?dkoxqdxadIadlkcs^j’oE X8+?
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D vtmy[kpwfh;jkdko4q, c]t dko4k’xjkgIafwIj g|nv8QooEgxaodkome]kp c]t
9toevao8t]kp,klj6lyj’muj,u-u;yfD
@D lts5[wfh;jkG 7qogxao8q;dko8Qo8= .odkome]kpcsj’oED
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
,to5fgxao8q;dko.odkome]kpcsj’oE c]t 9toewrvao8t]kp,kl6j,to5fgv’D
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
{ lt4komujmuj,udko4q,fyoF I6[rk[dko4q,fyoF dko4k’wIjF xB,c[[IPoF |a’lnry, sn
.[0jk;djP;da[ wroE4h;, c]t wrcsh’c]h’8jk’MD
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
!D mafltotlbdlk[jvo4q,fyoG!D mafltotlbdlk[jvo4q,fyoG!D mafltotlbdlk[jvo4q,fyoG!D mafltotlbdlk[jvo4q,fyoG!D mafltotlbdlk[jvo4q,fyoG
4hk3I’IPo1j6.dh[jvomuj,udko4q,|v’ sn sh;pF .shoerkoadIPovvdwxg[yj’ X4hk1j6wd.sh
g[yj’I6[rk[cmoF vkf9tg[yj’xB,c[[IPod=wfh? 3fp8A’7e4k, grnjvgda[0=h,6ofaj’oUG
{ g0qkg9Qk4q,fyo1j6.lj L grnjvgIafspa’ L
{ [jvomuj4q,oAogxao[jvo,uoE sn [+ L
{ g0qk4q,gxao[=]yg;odh;k’ sn c7[rP’.f L
g,njvda[,kshv’F 76oerklqomtokdjP;da[7e4k,gmy’oUG rhv,ma’g9kt9U,8nj,;jkG
{ 8+wx[jvomuj4q,oAo9t,uoE.sh.-h sn [+ L grktgsf.f L
{ oadIPo7yf;jkdko4q,|v’ sn sh;p9t,uzqodtmq[co;.f8+csj’oE L
{ g,njvxP[mP[zqomjuwfhIa[.oxaf95[ao da[zqoglp.ovtok7qfF oadIPo7yf;jk,aogxaodko
d5h,7jk sn [+ L
.ooU7;o9twfh0=hlts5[;jkG dko4q,|v’ sn sh;pgxaodkome]kpcsj’oEc[[4k;vo c]t
9t,uzqodtmq[w]ptpk; c]t g,njvxP[mP[da[lyj’mujwfhc]h;9t,uzqoIhkps^kpd;jkzqofuD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
84
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D ];[];,cs^j];[];,cs^j];[];,cs^j];[];,cs^j];[];,cs^j’oE[jvomuj4ndme]kprkp.o[hko’oE[jvomuj4ndme]kprkp.o[hko’oE[jvomuj4ndme]kprkp.o[hko’oE[jvomuj4ndme]kprkp.o[hko’oE[jvomuj4ndme]kprkp.o[hko
c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5j,8k,7;k,g\ktlq,D
{ .shc8j]tdj5,lqomtokdao c]t 0Po[jvomujg0qkgsao gryjogIafwIj1j6pvfoE sn 4q,csj’oE
0Povvd,k.sh\qfgmqjkmujg0qkI6hwfhF rhv,ma’[vdzqofu c]t zqoIhkp0v’ dkogIafwIj
sn 4q,csj’oEoAoD
{ .shzh68k’|hkd5j,]kp’ko8+\j6\qfshv’D
lts^5[lts^5[lts^5[lts^5[lts^5[
76 c]t oadIPorhv,daosk0=hlts^5[;jk dko4k’xjkgIafwIj1j68QooEvkf9twfhg0Qkw;h
dyole]a[|bj’xuF c8jrhv,fP;daooAo zqoIhkpvao,tsklkod=vkf9t8k,,k g-ajoG dkogdufoE4h;,
sn wrcsh’c]h’ sn vkf9tgIaf.shoE.osh;pcsh’8ts^vfdkod=gxaowfhS dko4q,[b’ sn sh;poEd=
g-ajofP;dao9tgIaf.shoE0kfskpwx c]t .omujl5fd=9tgduf7;k,csh’c]h’1jk’4k;voD
vkf9t.shoadIPovjko|a’lnry,mjudP,,k sn g]qjk0jk;djP;da[wrcsh’c]h’F oE4h;,mjuoad
IPog7upwfhpyo sn wfhgsaoD
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,lk,ad7u c]t 7;k,8A’.9.odko]q’les^;f c]t } sn dkogIaf;Pd.od5j,D
{ 7;k,dhksko.odkoxtdv[7e7yf7egsaoສ.ວ
.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
85
[qfmu @_[qfmu @_[qfmu @_[qfmu @_[qfmu @_ lkgsf0v’dkogsaolkgsf0v’dkogsaolkgsf0v’dkogsaolkgsf0v’dkogsaolkgsf0v’dkogsao
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D 9ecod [+cl’me,t-kf c]t [+cl’muj7qolhk’0BoD
@D [vdwfh;jkdkomujgIqkco,gsaolyj’8jk’M wfhgrkt,ucl’lts;jk’D
#D vtmy[kpwfh;jk dkomujgIqkco,gsaolyj’.flyj’|bj’wfhoAo grktcl’9kdlyj’oAo,kg0Qk
8kgIqk sn cl’9kdmujvnjoljv’wxpa’lyj’oAo c]h; ltmhvo,kg0Qk8kgIqkD
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
gIqkco,gsao;af45 sn lyj’8jk’Mwfh grkt,ucl’ c]t cl’9kd;af45oAo vkf,kg0Qk8kgIqk
3fpdq’ sn cl’9kd;af45vnjoljv’wxsk;af45oAo c]h;ltmhvo,kg0Qk8kgIqkD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
g9hp|a’lnry,F /kcdh;oEs;koF dhvosuoF 1k’]n[F cdafg9hpF 9vdcdh;F fvdw2 Xsq;mPo
w2lkp # V ?F 4jkow2lkp|bj’76jF dt[vd4jkow2lkpxtdv[gxao;q’9vomujlk ,kfxyf{gxufwfhF
mPow0F da[w2D
IV. dyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lqomtokdjP;da[[+cl’GlqomtokdjP;da[[+cl’GlqomtokdjP;da[[+cl’GlqomtokdjP;da[[+cl’GlqomtokdjP;da[[+cl’G
76w8hmPoF fvdw22hkc]h;4k,;jkG
{ mPoF fvdw2mujde]a’w8h1j6.shspa’cfjgIqk L
X7;k,IhvoF cl’lts;jk’ sn 7;k,I5j’ DDD?D
{ ]ts;jk’mPode]a’w8h1j6 c]t mPomuj[+w8hw2F vao.f,ucl’1j6.o8q;gv’ XmPode
]a’w8h1j6?D
{ lyj’0v’vao.fcfj,ucl’1j6.o8q;gv’ L Xfvdw2mujde]a’w8h1j6F w28k]qfF 8kg;aoFDDD?D
{ 1j6.oshv’IPoF lyj’0v’vao.fcfj[+,ucl’.o8q;gv’ L X38HtF 8aj’F dtfkoDDD?D
76.sh7;k,I6h;jklyj’muj,ucl’gvUo;jk [+cl’S[+cl’S[+cl’S[+cl’S[+cl’S [+cl’,uma’[+cl’me,t-kf X8kg;ao? c]t
[+cl’muj7qogIaf0Bo Xfvdw2F mPoFDDD?D
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
86
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D mqf]v’ X!?mqf]v’ X!?mqf]v’ X!?mqf]v’ X!?mqf]v’ X!?
{ 768A’[aoskG c,jospa’rk.shgIqkg[yj’gsaodao L oadIPovkf9t8v[8jk’daog-ajo;jkG
gIqkco,gsaodao grktgIqk,u8kF ,ucl’lts;jk’F 76[+xt8yglf7egsao0v’oadIPo c]t
76.shoadIPo-vdsk7e8v[fh;pdkomqf]v’D
{ 76c[j’oadIPovvdgxao ${& 95 c8j]t9576gvqkg9hp|a’lnry, c]t /kvafcdh;oEs;ko
.shco;]tvaoS 76cotoe;ymudkomqf]v’g[Nv’8Qofh;pdkolkmyf.shg[yj’djvo c]h;
.shoadIPo8yf8k,D
76gvqkg9hp|a’lnry,Ieg0Qkgxao[ah’muj,uI6r=fuda[/kd;foEs;ko gvqk/kd;foEs;ko;k’
.ljgmy’|hk38t c]h;gvqklQo|bj’ 0v’[ha’|a’lnry,9E.lj|hk38t 3fp.shd;,gvqk/kd;foEs;ko
c]h;ljv’g[yj’mujlQog[Nv’gmy’0v’[A’F
.shoadIPo.oc8j]t95la[xjPodaogIaf8k,F rhv,ma’cotoe.shg0qkg9Qkpqd[A’|a’lnry,0Bo
|hvp|bj’ c]h;ljv’g[yj’vudfaj’I6[D
768A’7e4k,;jkG768A’7e4k,;jkG768A’7e4k,;jkG768A’7e4k,;jkG768A’7e4k,;jkG
{ dkomqf]v’ma’lv’gmnjv,uvao.fc8d8jk’dao L Xgmnjvmevyfdt[A’8yfcxtda[rNo|hk38t
g[yj’[+gsaoS gmnjvmulv’pqddt[A’0Bo|hvp|bj’gIqklk,kfg[yj’gsao?D
{ phvospa’ L Xgmjnvmu|bj’[+,ucl’lts;jk’F lj;ogmnjvmulv’,ucl’lts;jk’?
{ 76.shoadIPoc8j]t95gIafdkomqf]v’7ngdjqk 3fpxjPogxao;af450t|kfvnjoM 8q;1jk’G
dhvosuoohvpF 1k’]b[ sn vnjoMD
I6[G oadIPo.-hd=hg9hpljv’g[yj’;af45
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
87
#D dkomqf]v’ X@?#D dkomqf]v’ X@?#D dkomqf]v’ X@?#D dkomqf]v’ X@?#D dkomqf]v’ X@?
76gvqkcdaf|j;p|bj’ ,kg9ktI6mk’0hk’ r=.shg[yj’gsaog0Qkwxmk’.oD gvqk9vd cdh;|j;p
|bj’ c]t sq;mPow2lkpvao|bj’g-yj’xtdv[gxao;q’9vow;h c8j[+maogxufw2gmnjvg0Qk.lj.ocdafoAoD
gmnjvmevyf 76.shzh68k’|hkoadIPoc8j]t95xt,ko #{$ 7qo vvd,kla’gdf 3fp.shg0qkg9Qk
ljv’g[yj’;jk .ocdafoAogsaospa’cfjF 9kdoAo 76gxuflt;ydw2 c]h;.shoadIPoljv’g[yj’vud gxao
gmnjvmulv’D
.shoadIPo]kp’kozqodkomqf]v’ g-yj’oadIPo9t[vdwfh;jk gmnjvmevyf.ocdafoAo
,nf[+gsaospa’\qf gmnjvmulv’gsaofvdw2 c]t 9vdcdh;|j;p|bj’D
764k,g9kt9U,8nj,;jk gxaospa’gIqk9bj’gsaofvdw2 c]t 9vdcdh;oAo g-yj’oadIPo7;o
9t8v[wfh;jk gIqk9tgsao9vdcdh; grktcl’9kdfvdw2ljv’wx.lj9vdcdh; c]h;ltmhvo
g0Qk,k8kgIqkD faj’oAo gIqk9bj’lk,kfco,gsao9vdcdh;D
$ D$ D$ D$ D$ D lts^5[lts^5[lts^5[lts^5[lts^5[
76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolts5[G
dkomujgIqkco,gsao grkt,ucl’lts;jk’S cl’9kd;af45,kg0Qk8kgIqk3fpdq’ sn cl’
9kdmujvnjoljv’wx.lj;af45oAo c]h;ltmhvo,kg0Qk8kgIqkD
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,gvqk.9.lj c]t 7;k,lk,ad7u.odkogIaf;Pd.od5j,D
{ 7;k,dhksko.odkovvd7egsaoD
{ 0=hmqflv[D
8Qow,h[+,ucl’1j6.o8q;c8jgxaospa’gIqk9bj’gsao8Qow,h L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
88
[qfmu #W[qfmu #W[qfmu #W[qfmu #W[qfmu #W mhv’2hk.opk,dk’7nomhv’2hk.opk,dk’7nomhv’2hk.opk,dk’7nomhv’2hk.opk,dk’7nomhv’2hk.opk,dk’7no
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D vtmy[kpwfhlkgsf.odkog[yj’f;’fk;.opk,dk’7noD
@D vtmy[kpwfhlkgsfmjug[yj’[+gsaof;’fk;8jk’M.opk,dk’g;aoD
#D mqf]v’grnjvxP[mP[dkog[yj’gsao;af45g,njv1j6.dh c]t 1j6wdg[yj’D
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
.opk,dk’7nogIqkco,gsaof;’gfnvo c]t f;’fk; grktcl’9kdf;’gfnvo c]t
f;’fk;ljv’,kg0Qk8kgIqkD gIqkgsaof;’9ao.spjd;jkfk;vnjoM grktf;’9ao1j6.dh3]dgIqks^kp
d;jkf;’fk;vnjoMD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvo
cdafg9hpF mPow0F fvdw2 Xsq;mPow2lkp ! vao?F 4jkow2lkp|bj’76jF dt[vd4jkow2xt
dv[gxao;q’9vo mujlk,kfxyf{gxufwfhF 9vdcdh;|bj’|j;pD
xB,c[[IPo3]dvhv,8q;gIqk xD#F [aomafmuj,u0ufD
IV. dyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D mqf]v’grnjvvtmy[kpdkog[yj’gsaof;’fk;mqf]v’grnjvvtmy[kpdkog[yj’gsaof;’fk;mqf]v’grnjvvtmy[kpdkog[yj’gsaof;’fk;mqf]v’grnjvvtmy[kpdkog[yj’gsaof;’fk;mqf]v’grnjvvtmy[kpdkog[yj’gsaof;’fk;
76.shoadIPovvdovdshv’IPo grnjvco,skf;’fk;1j56.omhv’2hkc]h; 8A’[aosk
grnjvlqomtokG
{ gIqkco,gsaof;’fk;.og;]kdk’g;ao sn [+ L
{ gIqkgsaof;’fk;s^kp.og;]k.f L X.odk’7no?
{ gxaospa’gIqk9bj’co,gsaof;’fk;.omhv’2hk c8jg;]kdk’7no L XoadIPo9t8v[co;
.fd=8k,?
76oegvqkcdaf0t|kf.spjr=xt,ko g9ktI6r=.shlk,kfljv’wx0hk’.owfhwx8A’w;hgmy’38HtF
.shoadIPozafxjPodaovvd,kljv’g[yj’mk’.oD 9kdoAo 76gvqkmPow0ohvpMw8h.ljmk’.ocdafF vaf
/kcdafw;h c]h;.shoadIPoljv’g[yj’vudS 9kdoAo 7jvpMgxuf/kcdafvvd c]h;g[yj’.ocdafvudD
.shoadIPo]kp’kozqo0v’dkola’gdf g-yj’oadIPo9t8v[wfh;jkG mevyf,nf[+gsaospa’
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
89
g,njvw8hmPo.ljd=9tgsaocl’mPoI5j’dhk c]t g,njvg;]k7jvpMgxufcdafvvdcl’mPo7jvp9k’vvd
c]t skpwxD
76vtmy[kp8k,co;7e8v[0v’oadIPo;jkG g;]kgIqkljv’g[jy’ gmnjvmevyfoAo ,nf[+gsao
spa’xP[g\nvodk’7noF 8+,kgIqkgsaocl’lts;jk’9kdmPod=g\nvoda[cl’9kdf;’fk;
mjuljv’cl’,kg0Qk8kgIqk.opk,dk’7noS .og;]kmujgIqk7jvpMgxuf/kcdafvvdcl’mPod=
7jvpM9k’skpwxg\nvoda[cl’fk;skpwx g,njv,ucl’lts;jk’dhk9kdf;’vkmyf.og;]kdk’ g;aoD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D g-n jv,3p’dkomqf]v’.ljdkovtmy[kpdjP;da[fk;]ndF fk;g7ktGg-n jv,3p’dkomqf]v’.ljdkovtmy[kpdjP;da[fk;]ndF fk;g7ktGg-n jv,3p’dkomqf]v’.ljdkovtmy[kpdjP;da[fk;]ndF fk;g7ktGg-n jv,3p’dkomqf]v’.ljdkovtmy[kpdjP;da[fk;]ndF fk;g7ktGg-n jv,3p’dkomqf]v’.ljdkovtmy[kpdjP;da[fk;]ndF fk;g7ktG
{ 76oerkoadIPomq[m;o7no7;k,I6hdjP;da[dkoco,gsaolyj’8jk’M;jkG dkomujgIqk
co,gsaolyj’8jk’M wfhgrkt,ucl’ljv’wx.ljlyj’oAo c]h;ltmhvog0Qk8kgIqk sn cl’
9kdlyj’oAo,kg0Qk8kgIqk3fpdq’D
{ 76oegvqkcdaf,kg9ktI6r=mujlk,kfljv’g[yj’0hk’.owfhgvqk9vdcdh; ! |j;p c]t
fvdw2.lj.ocdafoAoD gmnjvmevyf 76.shoadIPoxt,ko #{$ 7qo ljv’g[yj’D 9kdoAo 76gxuf
lt;ydw2 c]h;.shoadIPoljv’g[yj’vudgmnjvmulv’rhv,ma’]kp’kozqodkomqf]v’;jk
wfhgsaospa’cfj g-yj’oadIPo9t8v[wfh;jk gmnjvmevyf[+gsaospa’ X,nf? c]t gmnjvmulv’
gsaofvdw2 c]t 9vdcdh;D vaooUd=grkt;jk cl’9kdfvdw2,kg0qk8kgIqk c]t
cl’9kdfvdw2ljv’.lj9vdcdh; c]h;ltmhvo,kg0Qk8kgIqkD
{ 76.sh7;k,I6h;jk f;’fk;16jj.omhv’2hk,ucl’.o8q;,aogv’ g-yj’gvUo;jkG fk;]nd fk;]nd fk;]nd fk;]nd fk;]nd c]t
fk;muj[+,ucl’.o8q;gv’ g-yj’gvUo;jkG fk;g7ktfk;g7ktfk;g7ktfk;g7ktfk;g7ktD 9kd7;k,I6hfaj’djk;oAo oadIPo
7;o9txP[mP[wfh;jk svfw2g-yj’,ucl’.o8q;gv’xP[g\nvofk;]nd c]t 9vdcdh;
g-yj’[+,ucl’.o8q;gv’xP[g\nvofk;g7ktF f;’9aod=[+,ucl’.o8q;gv’D
lts^5[wfhfa j’oUGlts^5[wfhfa j’oUGlts^5[wfhfa j’oUGlts^5[wfhfa j’oUGlts^5[wfhfa j’oUG
dD f;’fk;muj,ucl’.o8q;gv’gvUo;jk fk;]ndlj;ofk; muj[+,ucl’.o8q;gv’ gvUo;jk
fk;g7ktD
0D gIqkco,gsaof;’fk;muj,ucl’.o8q;gv’wfh grktcl’9kdfk;gsjqkoAo ljv’,kg0Qk
8kgIqkF lj;ofk;muj[+cl’.o8q;gv’ gIqklk,kfco,gsaowfh grkt,aowfhIa[cl’9kd
mujvnjo c]h;ltmhvo,kg0Qk8kgIqkD
# D# D# D# D# D mqf]v’grnjvxP[mP[0t|kf0v’;af45 g,njvg[yj'1j6.dh c]t 1j6wdmqf]v’grnjvxP[mP[0t|kf0v’;af45 g,njvg[yj'1j6.dh c]t 1j6wdmqf]v’grnjvxP[mP[0t|kf0v’;af45 g,njvg[yj'1j6.dh c]t 1j6wdmqf]v’grnjvxP[mP[0t|kf0v’;af45 g,njvg[yj'1j6.dh c]t 1j6wdmqf]v’grnjvxP[mP[0t|kf0v’;af45 g,njvg[yj'1j6.dh c]t 1j6wd
{ 768A’[aoskG768A’[aoskG768A’[aoskG768A’[aoskG768A’[aoskG .shoadIPoxP[mP[0t|kf0v’lyj’0v’ mujgsao.o-u;yfxt9e;ao
.ow]pt.dh c]t wdg-ajoG 7qoF 8Qow,hF gInvoF ]qf ;jkG gmqjkdao sn [+ c]t gxaoco;.f L
{ 76cv[.shoadIPoco,g[yj’;af45.f|bj’8q;1jk’G dtfko3fp.-h[aomaf grnjv;afcmdF
76cotoe;jk .odko;afcmdoAo8hv’1no.shmjP’F ,n0;k9a[w,h[aomafc]h;1Pfc0o
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
90
vvd.sh-nj 3fp.sh[aomaf8A’-nj 1j6.o]tfa[8k Xg[yj’I6[?F g,njvoadIPog0Qk.9;ymu;afcmdfu
c]h;.shc8j]t7qoxt8y[afma’1no1j6.dh c]t 1j6wd9kd;af45grnjv;afcmd X g[yj’I6[.o
c[[IPo?D
{ 76oerklqomtok 3fpvu’.ljzqodkomqf]v’ g-yj’oadIPo7;olts5[wfh;jk 7;k,l6’
0v’dtfko mujcmdwfhma’lv’gmnjv X1j6.dh c]t 1j6wd? [+gmqjkdao8q;1jk’ g,njv1j6wd;afcmd
vkfcmdwfh !W -a’8uc,af c]t g,njv1j6.dh;afcmdvkfcmdwfhxt,ko #W -a’8uc,afD
faj’oAo 9bj’ltcf’wfh;jk g,njvgIqk1j6.dhdtfko;afcmd9tgsao;jk 7;k,l6’0v’dtfko
.spjd;jk g,njv1j6wd;afcmdD
*****D xP[mP[dkomqf]v’0hk’gmy’.ljdkog[yj’gsaof;’fk;D xP[mP[dkomqf]v’0hk’gmy’.ljdkog[yj’gsaof;’fk;D xP[mP[dkomqf]v’0hk’gmy’.ljdkog[yj’gsaof;’fk;D xP[mP[dkomqf]v’0hk’gmy’.ljdkog[yj’gsaof;’fk;D xP[mP[dkomqf]v’0hk’gmy’.ljdkog[yj’gsaof;’fk;
768A’7e4k,faj’oU G768A’7e4k,faj’oU G768A’7e4k,faj’oU G768A’7e4k,faj’oU G768A’7e4k,faj’oU G
{ f;’fk;muj1j6gmy’mhv’2hk ,u0t|kf8q;9y’ohvp sn .spjd;jk mujgIqkgsao L
{ f;’9ao,u0t|kf.spjd;jkf;’fk;oAocmh sn [+ L
9kd7e4k,faj’djk; oadIPo7;o8v[wfh;jk fk;1j6gmy’mhv’2hk,u0t|kf8q;9y’
.spj d;jkmujgIqkgsao c]t f;’9aovkf,u0t|kf.spj sn ohvpd;jkf;’fk;vnjoM d=wfh
c8jdkomujgIqkgsaof;’gfnvo.spjd;jkfk;vnjoM grktf;’gfnvo1j6.dh3]dgIqkmujl5fD
76 c]t oadIPo-j;pdaolts5[vudgmnjv|bj’ ;jklyj’0v’muj,u0t|kfgmqjkdaoF g,njv1j6.dh
9tco,gsao.spjd;jkg,njv1j6wd c]t lyj’0v’muj,u0t|kfohvp4hk1j6.dhd;jk vkfco,gsao
.spjd;jk lyj’0v’muj,u0t|kf.spjd;jkd=wfh 4hklyj’0v’0t|kfohvpskd1j6.dhd;jkD
faj’oAoF fk;mujgIqkco,gsao1j6.omhv’2hk9t,u0t|kf8q;9y’[+gmqjkda[mujgIqkgsao
grktfk;1j6wd9kdgIqks^kpD
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,gvqk.9.lj c]t 7;k,lk,ad7u.odkogIaf;Pd.od5j,D
{ 7;k,dhksko.odkovvd7egsaoD
{ 7;k,4nd8hv’.odko8u7;k,\kp0v’dkomqf]v’D
{ 0=hmqflv[D
!? f;’9aogxaofk;muj[+cl’.o8q;gv’F c8jgxaospa’gIqk9bj’co,gsaof;’9ao L
@? gxaospa’gIqk9bj’gsaof;’gfnvo.spjd;jkf;’fk; L
9qj’0uf;q’vhv,gvqk0=hmuj4nd8hv’D
dD f;’gfnvo1j6wdd;jkf;’fk;vnjoMD
0D f;’gfnvo1j6.dhd;jkf;’fk;vnjoMD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
91
[qfmu #![qfmu #![qfmu #![qfmu #![qfmu #! cI’me,t-kfcI’me,t-kfcI’me,t-kfcI’me,t-kfcI’me,t-kf
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG grnjv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vdxt3spf c]t 3mf0v’cI’]q,F cI’oED
@D xtfyfg7njv’sYomju.-hcI’]q,F cI’oED
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
cI’]q,F cI’oE c,jocI’me,t-kf c]t gxaoxt3spf.ofhkort]a’’ko
III. ln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvoln jdkoIPodkolvo
{ v5xtdvole]a[gIaf;jk;G w,hfY; Xw,hxjv’?F g9hp sn czjoxkl8ydF lkpg-nvdF w\spy[F
dk;F ,uf sn ;afltf5mjuskwfh8k,mhv’4yjo le]a[gIafg7njv’sYoG dq’rafoEF gInv.[F
\kdxyjo]q,DDDD
{ I6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPoD
IV. dyf9tde dkoIPodkolvodyf9tde dkoIPodkolvodyf9tde dkoIPodkolvodyf9tde dkoIPodkolvodyf9tde dkoIPodkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D la’gdf c]t lqomtokdjP;da[cI’]q,mjugfujo3I’IPola’gdf c]t lqomtokdjP;da[cI’]q,mjugfujo3I’IPola’gdf c]t lqomtokdjP;da[cI’]q,mjugfujo3I’IPola’gdf c]t lqomtokdjP;da[cI’]q,mjugfujo3I’IPola’gdf c]t lqomtokdjP;da[cI’]q,mjugfujo3I’IPo
.shoadIPovvdwxmjugfujo3I’IPo grnjvla’gdfg[yj’8Qow,h.[sphk;jk ,ao,udkog7njvows;
co;.f X xt ,ko !W okmu?S 9kdoAo da[7nol6jshv’IPo c]h;lqomtok 3fp768A’7e4k,
1E8nj,;jkG
{ .[w,hF dyj’w,h,udkog7njvows;co;.f L fh;pgsf.f L
oadIPo7;o9t8v[wfh;jk 8Qow,h.[sphkg|a’8u’ sn wd;3vogvowx,kS ,aogxaog-ajooAo
grkt,u]q,F cI’]q,wx8e.ljlyj’faj’djk; 9bj’gIaf.sh,ao,udkog|a’8u’D
768A’7e4k,vud;jkG768A’7e4k,vud;jkG768A’7e4k,vud;jkG768A’7e4k,vud;jkG768A’7e4k,vud;jkG
{ ]q,mjula’gdfwfhoAo ,k9kd.l sn .zgIaf,ao0Bo,k L X ]q,gduf0Bo3fpme,t-kf?D
{ 8k,mjuoadIPoIh6F gryjo.-hcI’]q,grnjvspa’cfj L
X4khoadIPo7yf[+vvdvkf.shg0qkg9Qkg[yj’I6[.oxB,c[[IPod=wfh?D
{ cI’]q,ovd9kd9t.shxt3spfcdjgIqkc]h;F ,aopa’.sh3mfspa’cfjcdjgIqk L
76 c]t oadIPolts65[GGGGG cI’]q,c,jocI’me,t-kf-toyf|bj’F 16jxtgmfmju,u]q,cI’
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
92
gryjolk,kfzt]yfw22hkfh;pcI’]q, 3fpcI’]q,gIaf.sh\kdxyjoxyjoS lj;o\kdxyjo
d=gIaf.sh\=hzt]yfw2xyjo
@D@D@D@D@D lqomtokdjP;da[cI’oE lqomtokdjP;da[cI’oE lqomtokdjP;da[cI’oE lqomtokdjP;da[cI’oE lqomtokdjP;da[cI’oE
768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G768A’7e4k,G
{ ovd9kdcI’]q,c]h; oadIPopa’I6hcI’spa’cfj mjuwfh9kdme,t-kf L
oadIPvkf9t8v[s^kp1jk’F c8j769qj’rtpkpk,xhvo7e4k, grjnv.shwfh7e8v[;jk <
cI’oE<D
{ gryjo.-hcI’oEgrnjvspa’cfj L 760Po7e8v[.ljdtfkoD
76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolts^5[G cI’oEd=c,jocI’me,t-kf-toyf|bj’F mjugxao
xt3spfs^kpD 1j6xtgmf]k;gIqkgryjo,ad.-hcI’oExajo\=hzt]yfw22hkS [k’[jvo.-hxajo
dq’rafgvqkoEg0QkokF .-h8eg0Qk c]t vnjoMD
# D# D# D# D# D gIafg7njv’s^Yomju.-hcI’]q, c]t cI’oEgIafg7njv’s^Yomju.-hcI’]q, c]t cI’oEgIafg7njv’s^Yomju.-hcI’]q, c]t cI’oEgIafg7njv’s^Yomju.-hcI’]q, c]t cI’oEgIafg7njv’s^Yomju.-hcI’]q, c]t cI’oE
c[j’oadIPovvdgxaod5,]t ${& 7qo grnjvgIafg7njv’sYomju.-hcI’]q, sn cI’oE Xd5j,]t
! 1jk’? g-ajoG ;jk;F \kdxyjo]q,F dq’xyjofh;poEF gInv.[DDDD
0=hcotoe.odkogIafG
{ cotoefhko7;k,xvfwrD
T dkogIaf;jk; ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
93
T dkogIaf\kdxyjo]q,G
T dkogIafdq’rafoEG
V. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,gvqk.9.lj c]t 7;k,lk,ad7u.odkogIaf;Pd.od5j,D
{ 7;k,4nd8hv’.odko8v[7e4k,D
!D @D
#D $D
&D
!D @D
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
94
[qfmu #@[qfmu #@[qfmu #@[qfmu #@[qfmu #@ g7njv’dqog7njv’dqog7njv’dqog7njv’dqog7njv’dqo
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D [vd7;k,\kp0v’g7njv’dqo c]t g7njv’dqo9adD
@D pqd8q;1jk’g7njv’dqomuj.-h.o-u;yfxt9e;aoD
#D [vd|hkmuj0v’rNovP’ X|hk7hvp? c]t 7kowfh
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
g7njv’,nmuj-j;pzjvocI’.odkogIaf;PdgvUo;jk g7njv’dqoD g7njv’dqo,ulv’xtgrf7n g7njv’dqo
mju[+,ug7njv’9ad c]t g7njv’dqomju,ug7njv’9adg-yj’gvUo;jk g7jnv’dqo9adD
III. ln j dkoIPo{dkolvoln j dkoIPo{dkolvoln j dkoIPo{dkolvoln j dkoIPo{dkolvoln j dkoIPo{dkolvo
{ -5frNovP’ $ -5f g-yj’c8j]t-5fxtdv[,u G cxhopk; ! c,afF fyo9uj @ dhvoF 1k’[h;’
# glAo8+daoF mhvow,h|adxt,ko @WW dik, muj,u8tx6ohvp8vd.ljle]a[,afD
{ 7ko-aj’ $ vaoD
{ dhvosuoohvp Xs^kplq,7;o?
{ I6[rk[.oxB,c[[IPoD
IV. dyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tdedkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D lqomtokdjP;da[7;k,\kp0v’g7njv’dqo c]t g7njv’dqo9adGlqomtokdjP;da[7;k,\kp0v’g7njv’dqo c]t g7njv’dqo9adGlqomtokdjP;da[7;k,\kp0v’g7njv’dqo c]t g7njv’dqo9adGlqomtokdjP;da[7;k,\kp0v’g7njv’dqo c]t g7njv’dqo9adGlqomtokdjP;da[7;k,\kp0v’g7njv’dqo c]t g7njv’dqo9adG
dD 768A’[aosk;jkG
{ 4hk8hv’dkogIaf;Pdmju.-hrt]a’’ko|ad g-yj’Ijk’dkpgIafwfhpkd sn gIaf[+wfhg-ajoG dkopqd
sn phkp0v’|ad oadIPo7yf;jk9tgIafco;.f L
oadIPovkf9t8v[wfh8jk’Mdaowx 4hk,ugsfzqorP’r= 767;oIa[2a’w;hdjvoD
0D 76.shoadIPola’gdfI6[rk[.oc[[IPo sn 0v’9y’c]h;8A’7e4k,G
{ oadIPola’gdfgsaospa’cfj L c8j]t1jk’grjyo.-hw;hgrnjvspa’ L Xvkf9t4k,wx
gmjnv]tI6[?D
{ gxaospa’gryjo9yj’.-hlyj’faj’djk; L Xgrktlyj’faj’djk;-j;pcI’gIqk.odkogIaf;Pd?D
7D 76.sh7;k,Ih6;jk lyj’8jk’MmujoadIPogsao.oI6[]h;oc8j-j;pzjvocI’ s^n -j;p.sh
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
95
gIqkwfhIa[7;k,ltf;d.odkogIaf;PdD gryjogvUo lyj’fa j’djk;;jk g7n jv’dqo g7n jv’dqo g7n jv’dqo g7n jv’dqo g7n jv’dqoF
g7njv’dqomuj,ug7njv’9ad 1j6oegvUo;jk g7njv’dqo9adg7njv’dqo9adg7njv’dqo9adg7njv’dqo9adg7njv’dqo9ad 8q;1jk’ ]qfpqdF ]qf[aom5d gxao8QoD
’D 76.shoadIPoltg|ug7njv’dqomujg0qkg9Qkg7upgsao c]t g7up.-h.o-u;yfxt9e;ao c]t
[vd;jk g7njv’dqoc8j]t-toyfoAo,u;ymuoe.-h.odko-j;pgIaf;PdgIqkco;.fF
76vkf9t.-hI6[xtdv[ grnjv.shoadIPo[vd-nj c]t ;ymu.-h8q;1jk’G ]=hp6hF ]qf3fplkoF
]qfpqdF 0Ao.fF g]njvpF 7hvo8uF gsadltc]’ c]t vnjoMD
9D c[j’oadIPovvdgxaolv’95F .sh95mu|bj’[vd-njS g7njv’dqo c]t 95mulv’[vd-njg7njv’
dqo9adF 76gxaozh6[aombd.ljdtfko 95.f[vdwfh4nd8hv’s^kpd;jk9tgxaozh6-totD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D lbdlkxt3spf0v’rNovP’ X|hk7hvp?lbdlkxt3spf0v’rNovP’ X|hk7hvp?lbdlkxt3spf0v’rNovP’ X|hk7hvp?lbdlkxt3spf0v’rNovP’ X|hk7hvp?lbdlkxt3spf0v’rNovP’ X|hk7hvp?
{ 76gvqkI6[ <7qogvqk0v’0Bo]qf3fp.-hcxhodjkpc]h;-5d0v’0Bo< .shoadIPg[yj’c]h;
4k,;jkG gxaospa’9bj’8hv’wfh.-hcxhodjkpcmodkopqd8k,];’8A’ Xpqd0Bo-njM3]f? L
oadIPovkf9t8v[c8d8jk’daowxc8j.sh762a’gvqkw;hD
{ c[j’oadIPovvdgxao $ d5j,F 1kpv5xtdvomujdP,,k.shd5j,]t|bj’-5fS 76lkmyf;ymu
mqf]v’.shoadIPog[yj’ 3fpgvqkcxho;k’.ljgmy’38HtF gvqkdhvofyo9ujlv’dhvo\6o
lQocxhog[Nv’|bj’F 9kdoAo gvqk1k’[h;’,af.ljmjvow,hc]h;7jvpMcdj0Bo8k,cxhooAoF
.shoadIPola’gdf;jk g;]kmjvow,hg7njvomuj 1k’[h;’1nfvvd|hvp sn skpg,njvxP[mP[
dkopqdw,hoAo 8k,];’8A’ g-yj’oadIPo7;o9t8v[wfh;jk 1k’[h;’1nfvvd|hvpd;jkD
76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolqomtok grnjv.shwfh0=hlts5[;jk dkog7njvophkplyj’0v’8k,
rNovP’9t.-hcI’|hvpd;jkdkog7njvophkp8k,];’8A’D
{ .shoadIPoln[8+gIafdkomqf]v’fh;prNovP’muj,udhvofyo9ujIv’rP’dhvofP;D
.shg0qkg9QkxP[mP[zqo0v’dkomqf]v’ma’lv’gmnjvoAo ;jkgxaoco;.f Xg,njv,ufyo9uj
Iv’cxhorP’dhvofP;1k’9t1nfvvd|hvpd;jk?D 9kdoAo 76 c]t oadIPorhv,dao
lts5[G rNopyj'vP’,u7;k,-ao|hvp]q’gmqjk.f ,aopyj’9t-j;pzjvocI’gIqkskpgmqjkoAoD
rNovP’gxaog7njv’dqomuj.sh7;k,ltf;d c]t -j;pzjvocI’.odkog7njvophkplyj’0v’
9kd]tfa[|bj’wxlj6vud]tfa[|bj’D
# D# D# D# D# D lqomtokdjP;da[xt3spf0v’7kolqomtokdjP;da[xt3spf0v’7kolqomtokdjP;da[xt3spf0v’7kolqomtokdjP;da[xt3spf0v’7kolqomtokdjP;da[xt3spf0v’7ko
{ 768A’7e4k,lqomtok;jkdkosYo7kogfnjv’fjk’gIafco;.foadIPo9bj’lk,kfpqd\j6
muj,uoE|ads^kpd;jk0BowfhF oadIPo9t8v[co;.fd=8k,.sh762a’w;hdjvoD
{ c[j’oadIPovvdgxao $ d5j,F 1kp7ko-aj’.shd5j,]t|bj’vaoF 76cotoe;ymuxt8y[af
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
96
.shg0qkg9Qkfaj’oUG
mevyfgvqkw,h\6ow;hg7yj’dk’7ko-aj’ c]h;gvqklyj’.f|bj’.ljdt8jkg[njv’|bj’F
lj;ovudg[Nv’|bj’.shgvqkdhvosuoohvp.ljgmnjv]tdhvo9qo7ko-aj’oAo1j6.ork;tf5ofjP’ Xsn
-aj’-kdao?F 9kdoAo phkpw,h\6owxg[Nv’lyj’0v’ c]h;.shoadIPoxP[mP[ dkomqf]v’
ma’lv’gmnjv;jk8jk’daoco;.f g-yj’oadIPo7;o9t[vdwfh;jk gmnjvmevyfw,h\6o
1j6g7yj’dk’r=fu c]t lyj’0v’da[dhvosuod=-aj’-kdaor=fuD lj;ogmnjvmulv’w,h\6o1j6.dhda[
lyj’0v’F lyj’0v’da[dhvosuo[+-aj’-kdao c]t |adwxg[Nv’dhvosuoD
.shoadIPo7jvpgda[dhvosuovvd9qo.sh7ko-aj’1j6.ork;tf5ofjP’F c]h;8A’7e4k,
lqomtokgrnjv.shlts^5[wfh;jk g,njvw,h\6o1j6.dhlyj’0v’gmqjk.f gIqkd=7;o.-hdhvosuo
|hvp]q’gmqjkoAoD
{ .shoadIPo.-hw,h grnjv’aflyj’0v’.f|bj’ 3fp.shg0qkg9Qk86fw,h\6owx,k8k,.9,adc]h;
.shg0qkg9QkxP[mP[;jk g,njvgvqkw,hw;h,+da[lyj’0v’ g0qkg9QkI6hlbdco;.f Xg[qk? c]t
g,njvspa[w,h\6ovvd.shwd9kdlyj’0v’g0qkg9QkI6hlbdco;.f X|add;jk?D
9kdoAo rhv,daolts5[;jkG 7ko X7ko-aj’F 7ko’afDDD? c,jog7njv’dqovao|bj’muj-j;pzjvocI’
sn -j;p.shdkogIaf;Pdltf;d0Bo c]t pyj’w,h\6o1j6.dhlyj’0v’muj9tpqdgmqjk.f 7kopyj’-j;pzjvo
cI’skp0BogmqjkoAoD
IV. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,gvqk.9.lj c]t 7;k,lqo.9.odkomqf]v’D
{ 7;k,lt,ad.9.odkogIaf;Pdgxaod5j,D
I6[ 7ko-aj'
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
97
[qfmu ##[qfmu ##[qfmu ##[qfmu ##[qfmu ## c,jgs^adc,jgs^adc,jgs^adc,jgs^adc,jgs^ad
g;]k @ -qj;3,’
I. 95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’95fxtlq’
grn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfGgrn jv.shoadIPolk,kfG
!D 9ecod;af45vvdgxao;af45mjujc,jgsadf6fwfh c]t c,jgsadf6f[+wfhD
@D [vdwfh;jk c,jgsadlk,kff6f;af45 mujgxaomkfc,jgsadwfhD
#D [vdwfh;jk c,jgsad,u @ 0;Ao 7n 0;Aoc,jgsadg|nv c]t 0;Aoc,jgsad.8hF 0;Aoc,jgsad
8jk’dao9tf6fdaoF lj;o0;Aoc,jgsad7ndao9tp6hdaoD
$D lts^5[wfh;jk c,jgs^adlk,kflqj’cI’f6fc,jgs^adzjko0v’c0’F 0v’cs^; c]t
vkdkfwfhD
&D [vd75oxt3spf[k’1jk’ c]t xtfyfg7njv’sYo[k’vaomuj.-hc,jgsadwfhD
II. goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=goNv.o8Qo8=
{ c,jgsad7n;af45mujlk,kff6f;af45mujgxaomkfc,jgsadwfhD
{ c,jgsad,u @ 0;Ao7n0;Ao c,jgsadg|nv c]t 0;Ao c,jgsad.8hD
{ 0;Ao c,jgsad8jk’dao9tf6fdaoF lj;o0;Ao c,jgsad7ndao9tp6hdaoD
{ c,jgsadlk,kflqj’cI’f6fc,jgsadzjko0v’c0’F 0v’cs^; c]t vkdkfwfhD
III. ln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoln jdkoIPo{dkolvoc,jgsadF 8tx6F g0a,,5fF gsad|u[g9hpF 1k’]n[F g9hpglfF ];fmv’cf’F 4q’1k’F glfzhkF
g0a,myf X4hk,u?F [aomafx^kl8ydF 9vdoED
IV. dyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvodyf9tde dkoIPo{dkolvo
! D! D! D! D! D mqf]v’f6f;af45fh;pc,jgs^adGmqf]v’f6f;af45fh;pc,jgs^adGmqf]v’f6f;af45fh;pc,jgs^adGmqf]v’f6f;af45fh;pc,jgs^adGmqf]v’f6f;af45fh;pc,jgs^adG
{ 768A’[aosk4k,oadIPo;jkG c,jospa’lk,kff6fgsadwfh L
{ 76.shoadIPoc8j]t95Ia[gvqkg7njv’muj76dP,,k95]t! -5f g-yj’ c8j]t95,uc,jgsad ! vaoD
{ 76.shoadIPogIafdkomqf]v’ 3fpgvqkc,jgsadf6f;af458jk’M c]h;c[j’;af45oAovvdgxao
lv’9er;d7nG 9er;d|bj’c,jgsadf6fwfh c]t vud9er;d|bj’c,jgsadf6f[+wfhF rhv,ma’
[aombdzqo.lj8k8t]k’faj’8q;1jk’G
;af45mjuc,jgsadf6fwfh 8tx6F gsad|u[g9hpF g0a,DDD
;af45mjuc,jgsadf6f[+wfh 1k']b[F g9hpglfF ];fmv'cf'F 4q'1k'DDD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
98
{ 76.sh7;k,Ih6gruj,g8u,;jk ;af45.fmujc,jgsadf6fwfh gIqkgvUo;jk mkfc,jgsadS lj;o;af45
mujc,jgsadf6f[+wfhoAo gIqk[+wfhgvUo;jk mkfc,jgsadD
@ D@ D@ D@ D@ D lbdlk75o]adltot0v’c,jgs^adlbdlk75o]adltot0v’c,jgs^adlbdlk75o]adltot0v’c,jgs^adlbdlk75o]adltot0v’c,jgs^adlbdlk75o]adltot0v’c,jgs^ad
{ 76.shoadIPogvqkc,jgs^adlv’dhvocxt.ljdaos^kpMgmnjv 3fpxjPolQo X0;Ao? 0v’
c8j]tdhvowx,kg]NvpMF g-yj’.ooUoadIPo9tla’gdfgsao;jk [k’7A’c,jgsadma’lv’
f6fdaoF c8j[k’7A’r;d,aop6hdao 9kdoAo 76.sh7;k,Ih6;jk,aogxaog-ajooAo grktc,jgsad,u
@ 0;Ao7n 0;Aog|nv c]t 0;Ao.8hF 0;Aoc,jgsad8jk’dao9tf6fdaoS lj;o0;Aoc,jgsad
7ndao9tp6hdao
768A’7e4k,;jkG768A’7e4k,;jkG768A’7e4k,;jkG768A’7e4k,;jkG768A’7e4k,;jkG
dD c,jgsadlk,kflqj’cI’f6fgsad0afzjkog9hpF w,hF xkl8ydF 9vdcdh; c]t oEwfh sn [+ L
0D 4hk;af45mujdAo]ts;jk’c,jgsad c]t ;af45mkfc,jgsad,u7;k,|k0Bod;jjkgdqjkc,jgsad
9tlqj’cI’f6fwfh sn [+ L
7D oadIPo9t,u;ymumqf]v’co;.f 9bj’9tlk,kfI6hwfh L
7egsao0v’oadIPo9tgxaoco;.foAo 768hv’Ia[2a’w;hdjvoD9kdoAo 76cotoe.shoadIPo
gIafdkomqf]v’wxgmjnv]t1jk’8k,0Ao8vofaj’oUG
{ ;k’gsad0afg0Qkcxtda[g9hp X!? c]h;gvqkc,jgsadcxt-njda[gsad0af xjvp,n c]h;la’gdf
zqoD g]njvoc,jgsadwxg]NvpM la’gdf[jvo1j60v’gsad0afg9hpD
{ gIaf7ndaoda[0=h X!? c8j.-hw,h[aomafw,h sn x^kl8ydcmog9hp c]h;la’gdfzqoD
{ .ljgsad0af]q’wx.o9vdoEmju[ao95oExt,kog7yj’9vd cxtc,jgsad8yfda[dQo9vdoE
g-yj’da[[jvogsad0af1j6 c]h;la’gdfzqo g]njvoc,jgsad0Bo]q’0hk’9vd c]h;la’gdfzqoD
{ 1jvoc,jgsad]q’.o9vdoEgfu, c]h;la’gdfgsad0af;jk ,aog7njvomuj8k,c,jgsad sn [+ L
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
99
76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolts^5[ G76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolts^5[ G76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolts^5[ G76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolts^5[ G76 c]t oadIPorhv,daolts^5[ G
c,jgsadlk,kflqj’cI’f6fgsad0afg9hpzjkog9hpF [aomafxkl8ydF cdh; c]t oEwfh
g-yj’la’gdf9kddkog7njvomuj0v’gsad0afg9hp8k,c,jgsadD
le]a[7e4k, 0 .shoadIPo8A’0=hlq,,5f c]t vvdc[[dkomqf]v’ g-yj’oadIPo7;o
9t8v[wfh;jk 4hk;af45muj0Aow;h,u7;k,|ks^kp0Bo cI’f6f0v’c,jgs^admujlqj’wxsk
;af45pyj’ohvp]q’ faj’oAo oadIPovkf9tvvdc[[dkomqf]v’8jk’daoD
8q;1jk’G gIqkgvqkg9hp-hvodao.sh|k0Bog]NvpMF gvqk[aomaf-hvodao @ vaoF # vaoF $
vao8k,]efa[gxao8QoD
9kdoAo 767;o.shoadIPowfhmqf]v’da[;af45 mujgxaomkfc,jgsad-toyfvnjo g-ajoG g0a,,5fF
gsad8tx6 c]t vnjoMDDD 3fp.sh,ulyj’duf0;k’8jk’daoD
{ 768A’[aosk4k,8+wx;jkG 4hk.-h0v’cs^;-toyfvnjog-ajoG gsQkF oE,aoF oEgdnvcmooE
c,jgs^ad9tlk,kflqj’cI’f6f;af45 mujgxaomkfc,jgs^adzjko0v’cs^;gs^qjkoUwfh s^n [+
9tryl6fwfhco;.f L
76vkf.shoadIPo-j;pdaoskv5xtdvomuj8hv’dko,kgIafdkomqf]v’ grnjv.shoadIPo
lk,kflts5[wfh;jk c,jgsad9tlk,kflqj’cI’f6f;af45mujgxaomkfc,jgsad zjko0v’cs;wfhD
761E7no;jk c,jgsad9tlk,kflqj’cI’f6f;af45 mujgxaomkfc,jgsadzjko0v’cs;F
0v’c0' c]t vkdkfwfhD
##### DDDDD lqomtokdjP;da[75oxt3spf0v’c,jgs^adlqomtokdjP;da[75oxt3spf0v’c,jgs^adlqomtokdjP;da[75oxt3spf0v’c,jgs^adlqomtokdjP;da[75oxt3spf0v’c,jgs^adlqomtokdjP;da[75oxt3spf0v’c,jgs^ad
{ 768A’[aosk;jk mhk; 7efu gIafg0a,,5f8qd]q’8h6]hP’xk0v’]k;F ]k;9tgIafco;.f
grnjvgvqkg0a,,5foAovvd9kd8h6]hP’xk 3fp[+8hv’d;ooE L .shoadIPo-j;pdaoltcf’
7;k,gsaoF [k’7qovkf9t7yfwfh;jk .sh]v’.-hc,jgsad-j;pD
767;olt|a[lt|6o.shoadIPo-j;p7yf8+wx;jk 9tgIafco;.fD oadIPovkf9t[vd
wfh;jk .-hg-nvdlQo|bj’,af.ljc,jgs^ad c]t lQo|bj’,af.ljxkpw,h1jvo]q’wx.ovjk’
.shc,jgs^adf6fg0a,0Bo,k s^n vkf.-hc,jgs^adcxtda[8h6cdh;fhkoovd[jvog0a,1j6c]h;
7jvpg]njvoc,jgsad0Bo,kg]NvpM 9qog4y’0v[86h]hP’xkD
{ 76gvqk34cdh;xkdd;hk’8A’gmy’|hk38Ht.ljoEr=xt,ko c]h;gvqkg0a,.lj.ooEoAoD .sh
oadIPogIafdkomqf]v’8k, mujg0qkg9Qkwfh,u7;k,7yfgsaoD
$D xtfyfg7njv’s^Yoc[[’jkpfkp$D xtfyfg7njv’s^Yoc[[’jkpfkp$D xtfyfg7njv’s^Yoc[[’jkpfkp$D xtfyfg7njv’s^Yoc[[’jkpfkp$D xtfyfg7njv’s^Yoc[[’jkpfkp
76.shoadIPoc8j]td5j,-j;pdaovvdc[[g7njv’sYo muj.-h75o]adltot0v’c,jgsadd5j,]t ! 1jk’D
.shrtpkpk,.-hglf;af45muj-j;pdaogvqk,kzt]yfwfhc[['jkpM [+8hv’.-hg;]ks^kpD g,njvoadIPo
gIafc]h;.shc8j]td5j,,kmqf]v’.sh\6jg[yj’D
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
100
8q;1jk’G8q;1jk’G8q;1jk’G8q;1jk’G8q;1jk’G g7njv’sYoc[['jkpMvkfgxaofaj’oUG
* ;ymuxtfyf;ymuxtfyf;ymuxtfyf;ymuxtfyf;ymuxtfyf
{ 8afczjolt3ogxaoI6[7hkp7ngInv c]h;lP[gsad8tx6.ljsq;gInvD
{ ,afcmj’c,jgsadfh;pg-nvdD
* ;ymus^Yo;ymus^Yo;ymus^Yo;ymus^Yo;ymus^Yo
{ oegvqkgInvwx]vp.ovjk’oED
{ oec,jgsadmuj,af.ljg-nvdw;hwx]=h.ljsq;gInv .shgInvc]jo8k,c,jgsad ]t;a’1jk.shgInvc]jo
g0Qk8yfda[c,jgsadD vkf.shc8j]t95c0j’0aodaoD
* dt8ydkdt8ydkdt8ydkdt8ydkdt8ydk
9kd95f8A’8Qog4y’xkpmk’vud7A’|bj’ 4hkgInv0v’.zc]jowxg4y’djvo 3fp[+4ndf6fg0Qk
8yfc,jgsad7qooAo gxaozh6Ia[w--totD
{ 76oerk c]t 8yf8k,dkogIafg7njv’sYo0v’oadIPoD g,njvgIafleg]afd=oewxmqf]v’
c]t c0j’0aodaovu’8k,c[[sYoc8j]t-toyfD
{ sa’9kdoadIPosYoda[g7njv’sYoc]h;76vtmy[kpgrnjv.shoadIPowfhlts5[djP;da[xt3spf
8jk’M0v’c,jgsadD vud1jk’|bj’ oadIPo7;o9t8v[wfh9kdxtlq[dko;jkgIqklk,kf
gvqkc,jgsad,k.-hxt3spf8jk’Mg-ajoG .-hgIafg7njv’sYoF -j;p.odkoskmyfF .-hf6f;af45
mujgxaomkfc,jgsadfh;pdaoF 8q;1jk’8yfc,jgsadmuj0v[xt868h6g1aogrnjv.shhxyfc9[fufaj’oU
gxao8QoD
IV. dko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqodko;af c]t xtg,uozqo
767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG767;ory9k]tok9kdG
{ 7;k,lqo.9.odkomqf]v’
{ 7;k,lk,ad7u.odkogIaf;PdIj;,\j6D
I6[ gInv.[0a[g7njvomujfh;pc,jgsadD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ
gr’-kf
-kf]k;8A’c8j.f,k ]k;m5dmqj;|hkg-uf-6l5f.9 Ij;,cI’Ij;,9yfIj;,.9 lk,ad7udaogxaode]a’fP; gfaffjP;rhv,daodhk;|hk [6-k-6dPf0v’]k; lqj’glu,.-hlyfgxaog9Qk ]k;m5d-qogzqjkltg\urk[dao[+.sh/6’9addtraf c]t r;d0kp-kfg0Qk,k]q[d;o]k;ma’,;o-6gvdt]kf vyflts^trk[ 0v’-kf]k;w;h 8aflyo.9 l6h-u’gvqkw- rk-kfdhk;wxlj67;k,;afmtokD
ສ.ວ.ສ
ສະຫງວນລຂະສດ