Quentin ChailletAlric BonvalletGauthier Hunout

Task 3: Providing examplesEuroméditérranée

Euromediterrannee project is an urban renovation project which is located inMarseille South West area. Marseille is the third city of France. His population is855.393 habitants and his urban area is 1.727.070 habitants. His density ofpopulation is 3.555 km/hab². At the South West area, there is the MediterraneanSea. This is why, the area have the shipyard and the international ferry terminal. Atnorth of the shipyard finds it two popular district: la Joliette and la Villette. Moreover,Saint-Charles station area is impacted by this project. The project ofEuromediterannee would like to improve these areas, understand how urbanists andarchitects improve it and how can use us these adjustments for oikonet project. Wewill describe the Euromediterrannee urban project, we will understand thegentrification risk and we will compare the both cities of Marseille and Belgrad.

I) Euromediterrannee project

Euromediterrannee project is an urban project which takes the shape of an“Opération d’intérêt national”. Through this shape Marseille’s councilors get national

subsidies. It enables to reassure privatedevelopers who can invest in new urbanareas.

Indeed, all areas hasn't been manage by the same method. Each area has his owndesign,he both public subsidy origins and private invests are used with severalinterests. By examples, Joliette area will becomes a business district so it will buildwith private

invests or Saint Charles station will enables to growth users of this station so it willreceives public subsidies.

Then, urban morphological takes old shapes. Only some buildings are destroyed toopen the space. By example, old docksides area becomes the business district.

If this area have been altered theycreate a new skyline. Indeed, oneimportant thing of this project isMarseille’s international prestige.Indeed, councilors and electednational members would like thatMarseille will becomesMediterranean front gate to France.

That’s why; moreover, some starchitecks are called for built one building with theirname. For example, Yves Lion realized the Musée National des civilisations del’Europe et de la Méditerranée (MUCEM).

2) The inhabitants and the project

This project is created the most possible with the residents of the refurbished zone. Ifthe Joliette sector is principally conceived to become a business neighborhood, it'sthe Saint-Charles's sector which is the most interesting on that point. Indeed, thatzone is currently poor and welcomes a lot of strangers and ethnic communities. Forexample, a lot of Maghreb immigrants, installed since the Algeria War, live into.

That sector owns also a lot of difficulties. Unemployment is very strong and concerns31% of the population. A lot of families are divided and children are often raised bylonely mothers. Moreover, the dwellings often are dirty, uncomfortable or insalubriousfor 20% of them, that generates a lot of problems like energetic poverty and healthtroubles. Finally, the whole public space is derelict and not attractive for tourists andinvestors.

The Euromediterranee Project, inorder to improve Marseille's citycenter, includes thatneighborhood. But, at thebeginning, the economical projectis overall thank for internationalinvestors and not for localeconomy. Step by step, theobjectives of euromediteranneechanged, and the urban plannersand all the actors of the projectwant to allow a true place to the dwellers, in order to realize a economical center butalso a livable city. Two important dwelling programs were edict : OPAH Rue de laRépublique and OPAH Euroméditérranée. These operations represent 10,000dwellings : 4,000 new and 6,000 renovations. But the inhabitants' participation wasvery completed to manage. Because of poverty and low education level, dwellersweren't implicated a lot into the arrangement phases, whereas associations wereengaged to protect them against speculation or gentrification. For example, Rue dela République's renovation, these associations were opposed to the local shops'suppression by big companies and french chains. Step by step, planners used newways of arrangement, increasing social communication and reduced the economicalaspect. The opening of a project's house at the center of the poor neighborhoodhelps the population to engage itself into the urban project. of At the end of theoperation, old and new inhabitants arrived to work together and with local authorities,to create their neighborhood.

So, if gentrification is present in that project, it,s seen as a good point for the majorityof the population and is not perceived like a negative point.

3) Comparison between Euroméditerranée and Kosacicev venac :

There are some common points between the district in euroméditerranée andKosacicev Venac :

– Cities who are quite the same size :The urban area of Belgrade count 1 659 440 hab it's quite the same as the urbanarea of Marseille (1 727 070 hab.). Then, their goal in case of developement are atthe same scales, and they are both of us important cities.

Illustration 1: Current works in 2016

– The Localisation :Both of them are close to the historic center of the city. Kosacicev venac, is betweenthe sava port and the old city, like the Jolette district in euroméditerranée who isbetween the harbour and the city center.

– The important Historical part :In the two areas, there are some old buildings from the 19 th century who needs arevitalization. They need to be rebuild, because most of the buildings and streets areold and destroys. But people have some attachements in their neighborhood. Theydon't want to destroy the building because of the architecture and their story.

– A developement from the 18th century :The two distrcit have increase in the 18 th century with the industrialization. With thedevloppement the cities have to create and develop some new district around the oldcity. With the economic impact oh the harbours, the district became more and moreimportant with many habitants, and workers. They have also a church important inthe identity of the area.

– Post industrial cities with harbour activitiesThe link between the two project is they are post industrial cities and need arevitalization because of the crisis. They need to find a new developpement, somekind of improvement, in new buildings and activities.

This are the reasons we choose Euroméditérranée, because of the similiaritiesbewteen the cities. They have the same social-économic context, and the sameproblematic about their development in the globalization, and their europeanintegration. The project we choose can't already show us what didn't worked. But wecan get some problematics about it. Then, it is our goal to use them for thedevlopement of Kosacicev Venac.