tashil al nahw_madrasa benoni

7/25/2019 Tashil Al Nahw_Madrasa Benoni

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--'

1l .----.,-1.-

**

A RA 11 I C G RA 51 51 A R - à; Y N 4'A X - 51 A 1) F.1,

5

,

?&S5''

'

I

I

1

5 l A 1) 14 ASA l I I S I .A A 5'1 l Y r'A I I

11.1. O N I

I



C'ON'FENTS

Arabic tcrminoloqlt's q

w

-

xlaptxmnoi 1

Syntax .- .

1 2

'I'tke word ul2s 2

'1 ilt flfhkll) :l 3

'

l-kc verb

k.

h.2s '4

'r he parf cl e

w,aaal )

'1 h e se n 4 ence

r xl 1v

.

sl h - suulâll . - - $$ .. *ko 9 4r

L

..

s,< zl 4

l'he nunnative sentence ù

.,....1l .-,.....0'1 .1w .. ih 4

T'he verbai sentent'e L

ot.uliklu j.:m:Jl 4

çuul'e.y 5

'l'I1e phrase or illcolrlplete sentent'e

uzayLc l Jalp .. t.v.i. a.t. tup 6

1Descriptivtt Phrase

..

11 iwrof

-

g.l 6

2 Ptlssttssl ve Pllrase

oauuus'f i

.J.l 6

.

5 Demonstrative Plprase

ksaun J.>1p 7

4 N unterlkial Pbrase

u

suaxl i;'atzal149.3 7

5 Indccllnable Phrase

.

âax.. l x.u J.v 7

Addlt ional ntdles - Qx=l71...s k?

tçummao l (1

Slgns t'f a nchun - &eCL3 - particle

w

iaax-lha

.>i1b >=hfI woto.'c 1 1

CAtneral uotes l 2

Persona pf ontàuns

a;t.x.s l

3

Pretzosil Içlns à

at'jt wàyax- k 4

'Lhtpse p a lcles fhal resenpble tlle verb

..

huu u tooczl w: I swlh 1 5

Auxjliao' (defective) verbs 7 .- 'tvt ltiïl l 7

'I'he vowels

wplo'j't 1 9

T'he cases c

u'ftzull 9

I.tl'cl erlce between Ao .

..- .

.

z. arld Jm,. Lxu R

.

w...

ï; lç?



G () V e l ) I g 1 ( t I ; ju

x..

f jt.txl . 7fj

J

.

k -<1.tw ïi ,ï)

m% .=; '? j

.

.

1u11r.1 74

'

'Iiualp 1 q

' lUxI ; ) '

, ,.

y j y;

a

t= l '?

uJ l .I t.= .

'

b1:1 lhi c . .xw ; :

; xlt .) i .'>

l Ilt'1)()J1jrlà s'e rl,iltj; 1) a r: iclt's k 1 t

xj ysjj: .- 1 yf, a . ,

1u uuuùl z 'it

) j y .u y

w' -%Q J <wœ tt

)

g.v-u.

a Ib

.,

.

.cx

J 4 j

.

j t. wx=1p-, . ;;

l-va I

iq r-xu..

.x ulI .-. . .w ï 7

ttu

.

> u '

q)r..I 'r I 'F .

'

è$ ? Iu . -

.z. .

b) xulI '=

..

M ..

l ( ).

ïj.l :kki .hl

LP

II.1 u

,.. î k

i2 kul y u ,

,.x , ht

1 3 ùavxu $ t - ? 1 ,

6 # ')

1 5 tu 1. . u . ()

I k. .1ij 4 - . unox 'r )



A R A 1

1 ''' N1 N ( ) l 0 ( I E S 7..

.

,) p uo t-w 'kl....I

r u'p N t ptln . '

u.u V erb

..

. .x

I'itl.tIcle

n

su N1 asculjnc

u

t.

'

p I enll I1l ne

s.x1

.

4 sp Ilgular

tgl llual

. .-

I>ItIr al

Qo

.

1.* --

uo n,x hl hta l v't) v els 1c p'///?tz/? t//?tlrrlrrp z/? z 24t

br.1I:

Jlaul i<-.

:.x-)1 ( t 11 ) &'( &r/t) Is i > < - I-.

.

j

w

.

-

g;1 Sl#1() rt k(z &v ls ( zç

-

wnz 1.:1 ) arlli ( .> na k nel

gzi ) 1(111 4 %'()vk.yl s

wtaka /.tJp/?://t2rzp '' z//ztzrrpzz?zlltzyz? ; I'zdçrtl/tzlll

bpu '

v

ö tw .1 Iett e vvit h a b'llk6h()t2 ( ' )

.>Q '

u

luz. A Ie1 tef with a tavhdccd ( . )

y.l. 'tibjeot lc.doer

k.

i v.v.. Ollject 1t u ()0n wkom t)r wLat the work was done

Jxtr- (ltpverning word ie that word whlch causes / 'rfztz?l ckange in lhe wtlnl/s ftlllowlng It

J-w.x. I he gokerne.d word ie that word in which thc ? 'rtulb change occtlred

.-

.

.

,....21 .

2.21 I'he active verb ie that verb thc docr of which Ts known / mcntioned

Jxa.1l 3..11 'l'he gassive verb ie that verb the doer of which ls not known / mentioned

ra'k)l .

$<18 The intransitive verb ie that verb which can be understood without a 2

.

6.m

v

sautl

.

)..11 'I'he transitive verb ie that kerb which cannot be fully understood without a Jaxa.

o

.

a.w ,....1 A detinlte noun indicated by an J1 eg J4 'I'the hôuse (a particular / spcclfic house)

z

.

.p. tux'b

.

% common noun indicated by a ltwzwduw cg XJ g bouse (any house)

taz.za '//JI tlt.x Word with a dhammah on the Iasl letter

wp.u.c.ua /s.-um21Lht.v Word wltb a làhtth on thc last lettcr

oa.z..e /....11 tlu Word with a Atz-jzw// on 1he last Ietter

1



'1'11 E Sl'N'I'ENf 'E h11 .ç

g.1 - kwuzal a..21 - y.i3'v r

'I here a re t wo t 5. pes t) se nf ences

A.ta

-.

ze.u et.w ( Ilal selltence wiljtrh has 1 l1e possibility of being true or false

B tg 1 .t. :I ttu t 1) :1 t sent cn e w ) cild o es not h ave t he po sslbl1 it y of being tru e or fal se

A. t,

-

,+,u t .w is of tw o t y pes :

l . ta

z,.u.1lGwmxal 71..11 tllal sentencc wllich begslls witll a noun

1he second rarl ol' tht sentence tan be a noun or a verb

t i1e first part of the selltelyce is called la.. ( subject ) t)r <.11$ ,...-

lhe second part ot-thtz stntence is called a.t.u (prcdicate) or a..x.o (the wtlrd giving the

infbrmationl

thc 1.%. is gcncrally uaxo and the ...1. gcncrally z

gu

botil parts ( 1.0.,.. and x.u ) will be z

-

v

..

.o

cg .LL. c ;)

:4

,.1 i+.x-l2t.w = .'Q + 142+.

N B A benlencc Illay have more t han one a.u..

. ' 9 A A ' Z '

eg vs> uç

.,z 3+JI

ù

.

a.x ie. .i it.w . 2- + l

z+x + pk4=

2.i

uzuvl tyl.kl 1....11 l I)a( scntellce wllikrll bej;i t)s wltil a 'k el )

thc first partof' t hc sentence ls calledto or a....ua

.l

le second part o l lhe Ken entze Is called k

$c ti far %l1 .kl.... an ( will always btl r

.

sz

.

,a

eg Q ...l -

L

.a+x tg. 71.p . y u + sxi

N B 1 n thkt abov c example thc vcrb is an intransitive vcrb (

.

9yll k

>.l1 ) ie that vef' which'

can be undersl ()oc1 wit hou a Jaxa.a

sl# I f tl'e verb ls a transitive verb (

sa-o, .

k., ) le that vcrb which cannot be fully understeod witl,oul a a

,.u.

tlnt'll a a

.

sx. wlllbe adkled and will l)e va

.

a.z....a c , ,'

US ' 2eg z p d11

w

W

L

..

z.x Giu 71.. . ' + qyu + N

li, X K I ( qI S F.

1 r ra s 1a t e,1 I I rl t I tx p 'rtzw/k

tt n d a aal 'sc t h e fol o'i g se'

n ences

a azotx rlup b wkwwotw/i c .qJ aux c.i

d a..u. ; wa k.= wa1 e

u

kp

;I-zza t' u

iéo u;w ;

, .) W h

a t l s t h e d 1Tere lct? bet t't'n ( ) a tl( f) a t ove

.

J



' 1 '1 l i'13 1.1 RA h4 E O R 1 N( '() M P I .i''I'F.S F-N 'INEN f 'E c-ztust vesg.s- k . ..'- a+o t..-

I'hrases a I't ()1* li h. e t ypes '

l .ucie.oaal1 wxi

z1l( Descriptive Phrasej

a ph a Ke wh e rei n one w( 1I ti d sc ri bes 1 h e t1l her

t 1ltt desc n 11 g wt'rd i s k' l etj am..

t h (' o bj t-c bei ng (1esc I 1bed 1 s ca ed u-woy

the uw-o

r and 'ki.ax nlu st correspond in

a l 'rïzcl/l

b Gender ie mascullne and lkmknine

c Nunlber le slngulaf .dual ancl glural

d Mu 'r(/iJ? afld Nazlnllt.

.' z

.,

e .y ..

$- 1 1a t

-

l - f t.:lt,.i y. ' Q d ' ' 7g Jxkvl.- p

. j, o .uj am.

u= Aymy u= uyoy Qxo uyx'y

2. xtz.s .f1kvxsalp ( Possessive Ph rase)

a phrase w hereill 1 he second word ( 4.,11 ...11 . . - ) owns or gosscsses tile lirst ( ..,1. - )

thc ...11 ... - wiI IIzever get a J1(71'a Jtlzr/fve'/).

t he .t,1 .-i1 ... - v.1 11 always be134=8

llte t hzzz// ()1- the at..- will be according to tl4e ul.ts governing tt

eg -k) '' ' tu Zaid's book / Btlok of Zaid

-) .v'L.

Wiouw acn

NB 1 Sometimes many .-11.- - / ..sl, .a1.'- . arc fbund in one single pkrasc

ttg wkig''i '' Ju- The door of the nlan's llouse

V1 UQ:XX .41 . - . : V1wil',' wi1 .='

2 . If'a u.... of the wil . - . is hroudlt. 1: should come inlllledhately aller lhe 4+11.., .- . wIt k aI1 Ji

and the same l 'raab as l hat of tbe ..1. - -.

eg a: I ;.tg1 p v;ta I hc new clotlf of (he house

w

i1. -11tkw Q1=i .'n. wik''-'

3 Ifa ti.um of he .+)1 u-.uuu is brought it should come lmmediately afler 1î ( 4.ï)1..i$..-- ),

corresponding wilh lt ( .+11uui. -- ) ie in he four aspects mentioned earLier

*

.

,

2.1 ..J.J 'h 3h' The door of the new househ ).et

, ..

u.w + uyor

41 Dton 3G

()



S t l M M A It Y

.

wat.x .

N L

word u

.

.

.

u - -----+ go .a .--..- .> su..

z.t

>u

HR li

3.tdl.s+

L> W w t.a tkw

nleanlngful ta

t.u u.;s.- .u .

ax

rt:to-vk

>

<cb.?

%;ùlul tt.w pla.

u

AA

ullera ûxl :%2 selztc cz seg

h-vH

IA

u,w > R=. --+ oat: Jy

U

JLJ.-

0a.=1 s. wsy

rncanlnglcss .

).+.

1.()



ç IG N S () F A N ( ) l N :1.0 u .u

rM

.

> ,p .f '

f fA 1t' t' k f ' tf t) N tl 1)I t'h? Lx -,J 1

'

'I' f't' ' .'t Itg (1 @' %' a . .

.

w.

eg .'w J t,

o ;. ..

l / ? ? s 't ï' t ) Il 1 l Ict .> I <' t e r k' :t V '

.

.

' ''

ôl w .;

4 h:r)(lln ; vklt h :1 I'(Jtlrl l z tl r iklb

h Dtlal( waa ) I r I cg xLo'

.

rh Plural ( e..w j eg ,1.J

,

.

.

'

.

t. .t.> * ' . .. ..' ,

Q 1 X..- ( Lur.xo o 'u

x u ) eg u.v V..7 l al.a k.z.le

8 u 1. - . tt al.a w, taf

z . ,, <. .'J z

9 -ia..

.

sa

eg Ju. ..b bjzto'

I( ' Q e '%. ' t;sa B. o .

.: .

.

: A a

1 laa-.ax. eg ukuo (a Iittle man)

> > . ''

9. .

1 2 .., .v..w e v-.. < ( 54 ec c )

ç I (; N S () F A V E RB k

yx.il i uo u

l P 'eceded by . eg A;.. ' Lic

2 Precedcd by

..

; eg '' * ' ' l Ie willsoon go out

3 P r e d e d b ...1

.

p

X e k

...

* ' * ' .

J

w.

A H e %., I g o o a 1 a w 1 e

. (j (j t) . . ' . , > p ' a '' i rece e y

g..x u..w eg c. .zxJ p

p. ..J J y .'' ., -:y.'' e

ct e y u...w; uo.w eg c.zi.t .J

t. It en

.

'....m eg r..z.k

7 I n r c (. z rl a ( 1 ) e .x ' 1

8 N e a ( v e c t I ) a ( ) e ( z. ' '' *1

.,+'

SIGNS ()F A PARTICI.E a

-z=1 ou>

'Fllat wol d whlch has no slgn ofba noun or verb is a part icle (a parl icle has no sign ot- its own)

tllN/u; m'a:e sald tiJ 1x: dtusland 1,41ra1 tJhrc.px.ct 0 thclr çlthtrs (.ku) th au u n ls oue tkus d uai aI1d I'Itlal drt slglks (>1 a Ilotu alld Ilot a

l l



I'RF.P()S1'l'IONS &o1- 11 uua

-

sv l

K I'rec h 1îtlv es a .-

t 0 l l le 11 ot111 1l e 1t c rs 0 . w'1) lk 1) B,: It)e k no w n a s a

.

z.

-

sx u

.,

.x

N'/ranl ng E xanlgle

l . - wlt 11 pi u ucr..;' I wrole n Ith the pen

.

.

'

o

u

: - t75' ,1() t'Etll) ) tàlltl Fy .N)1a1) h

.uh 1 k e cbv

c - zraid is like a Iion

.

,i

.-

?

4

.

'

-

for .t11 X.. A 1praise ls ror A Ilah

A '

5 J - by ( (5a t h ) Z Is' By A l1 l .

> , ,

.

. . ,

'

,) '

k.a

'

-

sl 11 ce 1

JS..., Ioru.ulls' t. I J1 clnot see hlm slnce a week

7 'u' - slncc kltkl'h

J.: 2at l . u; I did not see hlm since four days

.

u . o

.

8 -x

.i: - bttp,ddes

except zg X. ' us îJtJ r'htz peoplc came except z'ralcl

uzr .

4)

.va

l 2

-

rllany a 9+.

s

ox

kL ' pt,r K

V

,

.

; Ntany a Ieal ned person pluctices on his knowlctlge1

.

l 0 t.'zu - besëdes

.

except Uu' 1 .1.1 ' u)I G L

f The people came except Zaid

e .

1 l a - fron' I li A .

2..Z.J ' lrelul'ned tl'orn t he yourney: f*w =: o

.

, v

.

. - s .

' .

l 2 $.sc - besltles.except uj'

-j Ix wzu'tat :Q l'hc peogle carne except Zaid

l 1 > - i r

c t )a.r d i q ..TD h

u..r..?

.-

( Z.du ts l t h e IA o t se

o . . y, J zf 4

.

J - t I (1 11regardlng r

,w

j.k J .:......1 JC The doctor asked about t11 t pal Ien

f', . z

I . *3 z p

t

l,

.

1 5

w,

lc - o wa,

.

.sa wsu. saatlp 7 he c Iot 11 es afe ( ) n t he chai r

'-

.

.

>

. . 6

u.

p..L - u p t k .u l .1 'v 1 1

u.,

ax 11 1 s 1 , l d a n

l 7 j - tlpto lowards ..Jt' a' cv - 'u. i trak zlled upto Madinah

'

, y . ..

>

I

$ e 1 eqce g npl

J'.o >k' h ...,aç

.,

''

w

u.:xo + Ax H

.

-

L

w

zo kttu tux . JG)L ' + Jcb + u;u

NB Tlte a. o

.

.x + oao.zp wil be known as - (connected) lo the a.a dn ieu.x,k41xw and to tke

.

ko in izlvi 'u...

(as In lhe above example)

t.1)1 2 eZi AQIuy $ C

F. X C l S

1 l'f nslate. till 1n the i 'rrxl?p and analyse l hc fbllowing sentences

a .== .:.+' ze V'

.

J xxuli b z.'... '11 A v'% 11

c . t. . .11

ux .X1 J.s d %

p uy=.zQl

.

y

1s 2.2% wouu

l4



&; çr1 ('ILq'e tIJ1(ylq'bI% tcuux . 3 ..11 ,Cf

hk lJ l ï$'i1u'J) .Lj p h 11 st'tl Ns'Itl, t..x. 11 p 11 t'% lllt. I1) èflllllj$ (11r);1 l k'sllttllltftltls

-

cg ' a'.>.1 aa ,ch

tti Zaitl was tronlllltlously wnting

tk i) 'I'h .x ()f :: is a $2 x; il.w

w . .

2. otg - otw - e.= - ce.. - ..0....,.6- u% - cob can be used ln t

p

L.k= and

.

..1 as well

3 J6J to . r

-

u L - .

.

c

A1 L - %T: c a n (àe 11 s ln 1.'- - tltlt I1t'1 1I1+.

1

.

J

4 r': to aazd +u2 I)a a L ()l)1y (11(: &a1.'- - n r

-

l). qAo .

5 t ia u nlust be pleceded by another scntcnce

6 Tbe

.

.s< of

.,..

l ls stllnel ilnes pretixed with aY

. . ' '

'

'

'

cg. u> ti)l mw'u fJI .;&6

7 l t' ( hcre is a a. v-o.. tlefhlre the a.t.k tht'n the

.

,.a.willappear Grst and (he 1.4.. second

eg ..1 - .. utlua j

s

i .L

.. . '

.

2 s

. ..

' z*

-

ko) ots e=1. trau) cltb W u''xgù Ju

EXERFISE

l Translate, fillin t he l 'zwtz/. and analyse thc fbllowing sentences

a lL . .- ' uv >Jl q.eup

b I : . . ..* Itxax

c .H

1

v

p .> u wi 'lw $ jc .1./

d <2IJj o. tskw .11 ... JIaJ

e 1

.

.

* *11 0.-1

(' uta a1>t6 e.we

g tiuta.o tatlo utu ot6

18



I I I 1' I ' S.4 .4 1. w, Io c S l

$,.1 i q t i) a w l,4 k l1 k

1) a rlyt's (J 11 bt' 1 a st 1 t't l t'r t à1' a .

,u .

.

1w.h k ttflltt'%i1(1%k 11111t %V ) kk';tï'>

1.b =-1.. .1w l .t.. 1 s $'t)I)),))t)IllN'tl()I)(' Illt'l 'r/pzt/p ls s ht1 $&'n lp 'rlltsêlplq i7I'; Jâ 1e ... .-a 6 r < - .e k1jE ua

.

.

.

) .). ..

t't: J> a L'.. uW..,1

2 .-i -x.ikv w.1

.

x 1I 1) sonltt wo f'd t )e / 'r t Jt ib 1 s Ilo'kv n by m e n s of aay o 't he ..- .; 'e s thr 1 ttr

. ., zx .6

eg claai .HAI .1. .

'1*11 E CASES cuhl- $9

A wold can Lle lI1 any one of four cases

Ig y11zlu. w hen a u..w or ils cor; esponcling ktx l wi

zx( a ) appcars al the end of a word

Ctl cl .1 l

2 v .- .'Itlt- when a txu or i(s correspollding tllpu

..

..

( 1 ) agpears at the end ofa word.

c' p I alta

l

1

-

,..21klt.x when a u

z..u

i or its corresponding tilxli uo. ( us ) appcars at (he cnd of a word

t'

eg cl , . a l

4 r

ze2l tlux when a . '( ' ) appears at the end of a word

cg w..

....u p

I I F F 62 R E N C B E 'IAV E E N ,o v .- .

.z-+

A N ... ... .L.ux, : .....;

'

d s - .. - . - z+ a e used to dcscri be t he uel

zs 'of a w'

..

.u tg XJ

X2 1ha s ahe wo jâa

w. -

y.u

' ' ) w o I d s i..., - t..a - &

z..,

6 al e u se t o d e c i b ft t h ue ioc 1o a k

,o e g ' a.uw h a s a t..az 11

py ' that 1et ter which has a r.j

a.

uexa..a that lel ter which has a ,..v.wi

t hat lctter whicb bas a

.

zx.

a.-.x tka lctter vz ic h as a t.z-

.

sw ll1al let ter w hich has a u..ki:

.

.,.x,sx ( hat lelle; which has & za..z

a

.

,.. thal letter which has a ijax

o.w.u that letter which has a at-u,.u

.

j.,.r. tbal Iet ter which has a

.

;e. . r

1 1 1i t' N'k'&'v 1() l' lIt t$te If1a t v :&'i:Ik )1 I:' d 1 .tl-:tl Lc 1 'rlll tv tr l rl t tl .qzirll e tl 1 /lï :J tz f ( c:l àc ) a T1 l t 1 1d1t'2r tu'rl l s t() tlx'-Rz ltyc tlte l'r'z') ô (.Pt

%; 1nl l 11ti tctl,*i a lllc ( ;rt n zxr . ;sa it '1 ) j

l 9



l'ble of

$..xz. .-,a ( : ,u) In taplklkx Table ofsx.e.kaw

.

s...a

(

.

tu...o) I 1 s p Ii u

- -

.

(s. 1 uwa,... (a.) saw-.e .

.e.u.

-

.

tz..

....1,

t. .m d .. 'k

b 'z

w

p -/A=d<d -' u'< A =tL$

.x'..r.œ> .

y> ' ' .-,Y 'k. 4m .> A.

- -

t ,,.z ) a-...'

.,.

w ) -. s.xxa .-u. au u, = ia

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