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NEW KATAGRAPHAI AND DEDICATIONS FROM THE SANCTUARY OF

APOLLON LAIRBENOS1

The sanctuary of Apollon Lairbenos, located NE of Hierapolis in Phrygia has yielded two inter-esting series of dedications known as confessions and katagraphai. All the confession-inscrip-tions discovered around this sanctuary have been made available by G. Petzl in Die Beicht-inschriften Westkleinasiens (EA 22, 1994)2. Likewise the 42 katagraphai, published before2000, have been collected and rediscussed in detail by T. Ritti C. imek H. Yldz in EA32, 2000, 188 (with detailed indices), where they also publish 16 new finds3. In this article wepresent new katagraphai and dedications discovered during the recent excavations carried outat Asartepe, the site of the sanctuary of Apollon Lairbenos4.

1 Katagraphe

Two joining pieces of a marble architectural element recording two katagraphai. Height 40;total width 213; thickness 78; letter-height varying between 2.2 and 3.2 cm.

Date: Roman imperial period.

1 [ ]FLLBOS AxilewIerapole[thw ka]tagrfv vac.2 Hl Apllvni Lermhn kat pitagn to yeo doln mou [n]mati Nekvna w

t-3 n treikonta, n nhsmhn par Arhlou Antixou b Motelhno, f p

[s]meron st{y}v4 flerw to yeo mhdenw xontow jousan nkalse: efi d tiw pe[n]kalsei, ysei efiw

tn yen prostemou bf ka efiw t flertton tamon llabf.

leaf vac.1 We wish to thank Hasan Hseyin Baysal, the Director of the Denizli Museum, and the archaeologist Haim

Yldz for their kind permission to work on these inscriptions. It is a pleasure also to thank H. Malay, G. Petzl andM. Ricl for their kind help during the preparation of the article.

Some abbreviations used in this article are:Miller 1985: K. V. Miller, Apollo Lairbenos,Numen XXXII, 1985, 4670.Ricl 1995: M. Ricl, Les katagrafa du sanctuaire dApollon Lairbenos,Arkeoloji Dergisi III, 1995, 167195.Ricl 2001: M. Ricl, Donations of Slaves and Freeborn Children to Deities in Roman Macedonia and Phrygia:

A Reconsideration, Tyche 16, 2001, 127160.Ritti et alii 2000: T. Ritti C. imek H. Yldz, Dediche e katagrafa dal santuario frigio di Apollo Lair-

benos,EA 32, 2000, 188.

Dignas 2003: B. Dignas, Urban Centres, Rural Centres, Religious Centres in the Greek East, Worlds Apart?,Religion und Region. Gtter und Kulte aus dem stlichen Mittelmeerraum, Asia Minor Studien 45 (2003), 7791.

2 There are of course more confessions that came to light in other regions after Petzls publication, see e.g.P. Herrmann H. Malay, New Documents from Lydia, Wien 2007, nos. 467, 547, 66 and 835.

3 Cf. SEG 50 (2000), 12541285 and Ricl 2001, 154160.4 On the sanctuary of Apollon Lairbenos in the territory of the village Bahad nlar see notablyMAMA IV, pp.

XIVXV (with two plans on pp. 9890 which have been reproduced by Ritti et alii 2000, 878); L. Robert, VillesdAsie Mineure2, 127ff. and 3567; Ricl 1995, 1678; Dignas 2003, 86 (cf. alsoEconomy of the Sacred in Helle-nistic and Roman Asia Minor, Oxford 2002, 23842).For a preliminary report on these excavations see H. Baysal,21. Yzyla Girerken Gemiten Gnmze al Yresi (0103 Eyll 2006, al Sempozyumu Bildirileri, Denizli2007, 712716 and E. Aknc H. Yldz, Uluslararas Denizli ve evresi Tarih ve Kltr Sempozyumu (68 Eyll2006), Bildiriler II, Denizli 2007, 98105.


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92 E. Aknc ztrk C. Tanrver

1 Perhaps Flbow (= Flbiow) ? If so, he may have been the same person asTtow Flbiw Axillew appearing infra no. 13.

3 ESTYVlapis.4 nkalse for nkalsai. The verb nkalen in the interdictory formula,

instead of the standard penkalen, appears first in this context.5 IERVTTON lapis.

I, ... Achilleus, of Hierapolis, assign to Helios Apollon Lermenos, bythe gods order, my slave named Neikon, about 30 years old, whomI purchased from Antiochos, son of Antiochos, of Motel(l)a, on thecondition that from today on he is a hieros of the god, and nobodyhas the right to initiate legal proceedings (against him). If anyoneobjects, he will pay to the god afine of 2500 denarii and to the mostsacred treasury another 2500 denarii.

The condition f p [s]meron st{y}v flerw5 to yeo laiddown by the dedicant for immediate effect of the katagraphe is inter-esting and apparently unparalleled6. It must be taken as evidencepointing to the existence of a contract between the dedicant and thetemple during the conveyance of Neikon.

2 Katagraphe

Below no. 1. Letter-height varying between 1.4 and 2.2 cm.Date: 297 Sulla = 212/3 A.D.

1 Etouw sq, mh(nw) a, zi, Hl Apllvni LairmhnApollniow Mhno[k]rtou katagr-

2 f[v] Znvna tn mauto teyrammnon: efi d tiw penkalssi,ysei efiw tn yen pros-

3 [temou b]f: katagrfv d t Znvni rgastrion k tdstegon k rmen[a -] sn efisdoiw k jdoiw[- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -]

3 KATAGRFVlapis.

In the year 296, on the 17th day of the first month, I, Apollonios son

of Menokritos, assign my own nursling Zenon to Helios Apollon Lair-menos. If anyone objects, he will pay afine of 2500 denarii to the god.I also convey to Zenon a workshop and a two-storied house and tools[for ...] together with (their) incomes and outgoings (?) ....

5 On flero see P. Debord,Aspects sociaux et conomiques de la vie religieuse dans lAnatolie grco-romaine(EPRO 88), 1982, 7882, cf. also Ricl 2001, 1945.

6 For a conditional conveyance with similar terms see Ricl 1995, no. 9 (= Ritti et alii, K9): katagrfv klhn yreptn Amma(n), f p[r to ka]taleifna me podtv mhdem[an] pbasin. M. Ricl (2001,158, note 131) translates the text as under the condition that she is not submitted to any attack/pressure that I leftbehind (= that she leaves me behind).


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New Katagraphai and Dedications from the Sanctuary of Apollon Lairbenos 93

Apollonios assigns to Zenon a workshop (rgastrion) and a two-storied house (dstegow)7and tools (rmena)8 together with their esodoi and jodoi which would mean incomes andoutgoings rather than entrances and exists (of the buildings). Zenon, who was probably anexpert of the trade carried out in the workshop, was responsible to run the business so that hewas obliged to render account to the sanctuary. The kind of the production in this workshopmust have been defined by an adjective following rmena. In another katagraphe likewiserecording a workshop being conveyed to Apollon Lairbenos9, the word following rgastrionhas been restored as g[erdiakn] by M. Ricl who adduced some papyrologic attestations ofthe term and underlined the widespread wool production in the region10. In our instance tooit is very attractive read rmen[a gerdiak] (tools for weaving) which would fit the lacuna.However, in another katagraphe (infra no. 7) with similar wording the preserved rmena p[- ca.910 -]gik leads us to think of some alternative supplements including, for instance, liyour-gik (masons tools), julourgik (carpenters tools), riourgik (wool-weavers tools)etc.As there must have been different kinds of commercial activities in the workshops that existedaround the sanctuary, the supplements offered above would equally be possible11.

It is difficult to know where these workshops were located. Regarding the remains of manybuildings around the temple, one would think that at least some of them might have functionedas workshops for production and sale in the name of the temple. But the conveyance of adstegon (two-storied house) in our inscription (cf. also n t] ofik& rgastrion in Ritti etalii 2000, K43 = Ricl 2001, p. 159) seems to point to an atelier in connection with a residence.Furthermore, if we are right in understanding that the terms esodoi and jodoi are here usedto mean incomes and outgoings, this would have to be regarded as a conditional convey-ance, which would mean that Apollonios had granted only the incomes of the workshop so thatthe immovables and the tools should remain in his possesion. If so, the amount of time for theassignment should have been recorded in the missing lines below the stone (cf. also infra no. 7:esodon sv[ - -]).

3 Katagraphe

Marble basewith mouldings at top and bottom. Both upper corners are broken off. It containsnine inscriptions distributed over three sides: nos. 35 on the front; nos. 68 on the right andnos. 911 on the left. As the entire surface of the back side is damaged, it is not possible to knowwhether also this surface was inscribed. Height 155; width 50; thickness 27; letter-height vary-ing between 1.1 and 2.5 cm.


[ ][ -]DI Arliow Glk[vn? ][ ]katagrfv t[ gnm tw gu]-

7 The term ofika dstegow (two-storied house) is frequent in papyri. On the term dstegow see M.-Ch. Hell-mann,Recherches sur le vocabulaire de larchitecture grecque, daprs les inscriptions de Dlos , 1992, 4236, cf.also Topoi 4, 1994, 136. For rgastria dstega seeMAMA VIII, 498 (Aphrodisias).

8 On rmena see M.-Ch. Hellmann, Topoi 4 (1994), 135: instruments de travail.9 Ritti et alii 2000, K43.10 Ricl 2001, p. 159.11 For commercial activities in connection with sanctuaries in Anatolia see P. Debord, op. cit., 11ff.


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Nos. 35 Nos. 68


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In the year 256, on the twelfth day of the month Daisios, together with his wife and children,Didoros son of Diodoros, grandson of Apollonios, of Hierapolis, living in Mossyna, set up thisstatue from his own resources to Helios Apollon Lairmenos, hearing god14, in thanksgiving.

The name of the village Mossyna, located N of Hierapolis, first appears as one of the source ofvisitors of the sanctuary of Apollon Lairbenos (for the origin of worshippers of this sanctuarysee Ritti et alii 2000, p. 51f. and 82 and Dignas 2003, 87)15.

Of the nine texts on this base, this must have been the original one which was engraved onthe occasion of the erection of the statue. The absence of any indication about whose statue wasdedicated may be taken as an indication that it was an image of Apollon Lairbenos. For otherdedications of statues to Apollon Lairbenos see Ritti et alii 2000, p. 6ff. and Miller 1985, 50f.,cf. also our no. 14.

5 Katagraphe

Below no. 4. Letter-height 2.2 cm.Date: 308 Sulla = 223/4 A.D.

Etouw th, mh(nw) g, hi: Hl Apl-lvni Lairmhn A. GlkvnDvroyou Eflerapolethw

4 ka A. gun mou Tata Apollvn-ou Atuoxvrtiw katagrfo-men tn autn teyramnhn

Stratonekhn eflern kat pita-8 gn to yeo. Efi d tiw penkal-sei, ysei efiw tn yen

bf

ka efiw tn fskon bf.

In the year 308, on the 18th day of the third month, I, Au(relios) Glykon, son of Dorotheos,of Hierapolis, and my wife Au(relia) Tata, daughter of Apollonios, of Atyochorion, assign ournursling Stratonike as a hiera to Helios Apollon Lairmenos according to the command of thegod. If anyone will object, he will pay to the god 2500 denarii and to thefiscus (another) 2500denarii.

The ethnic Atuoxvrthw also appears on a dedication toMeter Leto and Apollon Lairbenos16.

For another dedicant from the same village see the following lemma.

6 Katagraphe

On the right side of the same base. Letter-height 2.1 cm.Date: 300 Sulla = 215/6 A.D.

14 This is the first attestation of the qualification of Apollon Lairbenos as pkoow.15 On the location of the village Mossyna at Sazak see L. Robert,JSav. 1983, 5355, cf. also A. Ceylan T. Rit-

ti,EA 28, 1997, 57.16 On village of Atyochorion see Ritti et alii, D5 with bibliography.


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Hl Apllv[ni]:touw t: Pvl[- ]-DOS Atuoxv[rit- ka]-

4 tagrfv Z[- ]tn mn t[eyrammn]-on, efi d t[iw penka]-lsei, yse[i fiw tn ye]-

8 n a ka fiw t[n fskon]

lla a.

1 There is no space for Lairbhn.23 A short name like Pl[a to be followed by something like Hr]dow, Papa]dow etc.3 Either Atuoxv[rthw or Atuoxv[rtiw (for a mention ofAtuoxrion see the preceding lemma).

To Helios Apollon. In the year 300, I, Pol-, daughter/son of -as, of Atyochorion, assign myfoster son Z-. If anyone will object, he will pay to the God 1000 denarii and to thefiscus another1000 denarii.

7 Katagraphe


Etouw tg, m[h(nw) -: Hl]

Apllvni Le[rbhn Aga]-ymerow Aga[yhmrou ka]4 gun mou Lh[- ethnic ]-

o katagrfo[mentn]autn tetr[ammnon ]TOEIDHN efler[n: katagr]-

8 fv d at t[ rgast]-rion ka t ds[tegon ka t]-n esodon sv?[ ]ka t rmena p[nta? ]-

12 gik: efi d tiw p[enkalsei],

ysi efiw tn ye[n number]ka efiw tn fsk[on number]

23 The name Agaymerow appears in a confession from the same sanctuary: Petzl,Beichtin-schriften, 117.

4 LH[ as the name of the wife reminds one ofLHN (acusative) occurring in another kata-graphe (Ricl 1995, no. 31 and Ritti et alii 2000, K30). Ricl (loc. cit.) identifies it with Lhw (fem.)of L. Zgusta, Kleinasiatische Personennamen 810,while it has been registered as Lh in theindex ofSEG 45, 1995. There are of course other alternatives for the name: e.g. Lhnw, Lhnaw,Lhtvw etc.


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45 An ethnic, e.g. Motellhn]|o ?67 -]TOEIDHN should be the end of the accusative of the name of the foster-son. It could

have been a name built up with -toeidw though its regular accusative would end in -d17.8 at refers to the nursling assigned to the god.

In the year 303, (on the ...th day of the) month ..., I, Agathemeros, and my wife Le- assign ourown foster-son -toeides to Apollon Lairbenos as hieros. I also convey to him the workshop andthe incomes (obtained within ?) ... and the implements for ... If anyone will object, he will payto the god afine of ... denarii and to the imperial treasury (another) ... denarii.

As in the case of above no. 2, the authors of the katagraphe assign a workshop (rgastrion),a two-storied house (dstegow) together with the income (esodow) and the tools (rmena) totheir foster-son whom they assigned to the god. Therefore he must have been skilled in the busi-ness performed in the workshop. On the other hand, the adverb sv (= esv within) seems toindicate that what the dedicants ceded to the god were perhaps the incomes of a certain amountof time18 and not the immovables and tools themselves (cf. supra no. 2 with the record of assign-ment of a workshop sn efisdoiw k jdoiw).

As it is already discussed in the commentary on no. 2, the kind of the business carried outin the workshop seems to be hidden behing the adjective ending in -gik (e.g. liyourgik,julourgik, riourgik etc. which might have been preceded by p[nta]).

8 Katagraphe

On the right side of the same base, below no. 7. Letter-height varying between 1.4 and 2 cm.Date: 312 Sulla = 227/8 A.D.

Etouw tbi, mh(nw) , d: Hl[ Apllvni]Lairmhn: A. Eje[now patronym ]Eflerapolethw, ofik[n n toponym ]

4 katagrfv tn yrept[nmou ]-tan eflern: e tiw p[enkalsei, y]-sei efiw tn yen [number]ka efiw tn fskon [ number].

In the year 312, on the fourth day of the sixth month, I, Au. Euxenos, son of ..., of Hierapolis,living in ..., assign (my) nursling ...tia to Helios Apollon Lairmenos as hiera. If anyone willobject, he will pay to the god ... denarii and to thefiscus (another) ... denarii.

17 For adjectives ending in -toeidw see P. Kretschmer E. Locker,Rcklufiges Wrterbuch der griechischenSprache, 1944, 2301.

18 The adverb with this meaning is frequent in papyrological sources, cf. e.g. esv mhnn riymomnvnp smeron (PCair, Mas 2, 67162, r, 20); esv tessrvn tn riymoumnvn p to mhnw Farmoyi (PLond, II, 483, 56).


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11 Katagraphe

Below no. 10. Letter-height 2.2 cm.Date: Roman imperial period.

[Etouw ..., mh(nw)]d, h: Hl Apl-[lvni Lairbhn] Arliow Ap-[ -]onbou ka gu-

4 [n mou k]a t tkna m-[n ka t ggona ?] katagrfo-[men tn aut]n teyram-[nhn name fl]ern: d tiw p-

8 [enkalsei, ysei] efiw tn yen po-

[stmou number ka] efiw tn fs-[kon number].

3 A patronym like Sk]nbou, B]nbou etc.7 for efi (cf. Ricl 1995, 6 = Ritti et alii 2000, K6 and Brixhe, op. cit., 54).

(In the year ...), on the 8th day of the 4th month, I, Aurelios Ap-, son of -onbos, and my wife andour children (and the grandchildren?) we consecrate our nursling ... to Apollon Lairbenos ashiera. If anyone (will object, he will pay) afine of (... denarii) to the god and (another ... denarii)to the fiscus.

12 Dedication of statues

Quadrangular altar of marble with mouldings at topand bottom. Front (nos. 1213) and left surfaces (nos.1415) are inscribed. Height 98; width 46.5; thickness52.5; letter-height 2.1 cm.


[ ?p]to Urgaleitiko pedou e-jmenow nyhke tn Kuna-gn Artemin ka tn lafon sn t

4 pobsei Apllvni Lairmhn pi-fanestt ye met ka Ammawtw gunaikw ka Dhmhtrou ka Dh-mostrtou ka Bssou tn tknvn.

... (name) from the plain of the Hyrgaleis set up thestatue of Artemis Kynagos and the deer with the base-ment to Apollon Lairmenos, the most manifest god,together with his wife Ammia and his children Deme-trios and Demostratos and Bassos, after having madethe vow.


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This altar, which also records the katagraphai nos. 13, 14 and 15, must have been placed some-where near the images of Artemis Kynagos and of the deer. Demostratos from the plain ofHyrgaleis19, one of the dedicants of the statues, seems to have been identical with the father ofDemetri(o)s appearing as the author of the katagrapheinfra no. 14 where he refers to the altaras bvmw tw Artmidow, naymatow patriko mou.

The absence of the introductory lines on the stone is puzzling. The text must have startedsomewhere on the base of the sculptural work mentioned in lines 24.

13 Katagraphe

On the front side of the same altar, below no. 12. Its first 6 lines are engraved on a rasuraextending to the left. During the second usage the left half of the surface is left uninscribed. Atthe uninscribed field on left some letters of an another katagraphe of 6 lines are visible. Letter-height varying between 1.9 and 3.5 cm.

Date: 308 Sulla = 223/4 A.D. (the erased text)314 Sulla = 229/30 A.D. (the new text)

_Etouw th Ttow Flbiw Axil-_OLv lew katagrfv_O L v L H tn mauto dolon_ AT 4 nmati Epkth-_ penka ton Hl Larmh-_

bf k efiw T n n k ph-

sa leyeron8 di tn n Mo-

telloiw rxev:touw tid, mh(nw) h, -piosa (sic): e tiw d -

12 penkalsei, y{o}siprostemou fiw tnyen rgurou

bf

k fiw t tameon bf.

9 ARXEIvOUlapis1011 pios& instead ofpios [this leads one also to open the abbreviation in Ritti et alii 2000, K37 (= Ricl

1995, 39) as p(ios)].12 YHOCI lapis

I, Titus Flavi(u)s Achilleus, assign to Helios Larmenos my slave named Epiktetos whom I alsomade free through the archives in Motella, in the year 314, on the 6th day from the end of the 8thmonth. If anyone will object, he will pay afine of 2500 silver denarii to the god and (another)2500 denarii to the treasury.

19 A worshipper from the tribe of Hyrgaleis appears first in the material from the sanctuary of Apollon Lairbe-nos. For the plain of Hyrgaleis (Urgalvn pedon or Urgaleitiko pedou), which is identified with al Ovas,and their assembly (koinn) see Ricl 1995 with bibliography.


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It is interesting to note that Achilleus, who first freed the slave officially, submitting the papersof manumission in the city archives, and then assigned him to the god, still refers to Epiktetosas my slave. Possibly, Epiktetos was bound to Achilleus by paramone.

14 Katagraphe

On the left side of the same altar. Letter-height 1.9cm.

Date: 257 Sulla = 172/3 A.D.

Etouw snz, mh(nw) g, g: Dhmtriw Dh-mostrtou met Tataw tw gu-aikw mou katagrfomen Z-

4 simon Pousvna tn yreptnmn Hl Apllvni Lairmh-n fiw tn bvmn tw Artmidow,naymatow patriko mou: e

8 tiw d penkalsei to Zvs-mou w efiw doulan nyrpou, y-sei efiw tn Lairmhnn bf ka fiw tnfskon tn to kurou Kasarow

12 bf ka odn ssvn stai t

Zvsm enai atn flernka leyeron.

34 For the Celtic name Pousvn see PapeBense-ler, Wrterbuch der griechischen Eigennamen, s.v.referring to Dio Cass., 56, 11 (Pousvn flppewKeltw).

5 The secondLambda ofApllvni is later add-ed above the line.

7 The nyhma patrikn20 is probably the stat-ues of Artemis and of a deer which are mentioned in the dedicatory text supra no. 12.

In the year 257, on the third day of the third month, I, Demetri(o)s, son of Demostratos, togetherwith my wife Tatia, we register Zosimos Pousion, our nursling, to Helios Apollon Lairmenos onthe altar of the statue of Artemis, the dedication of my father. If someone brings a charge aboutZosimos in order to get him into slavery of a man (i.e. to make Zosimos the slave of a humanbeing), he will pay to Lairmenos 2500 denarii and to the treasury of the lord Caesar (another)2500 denarii and nonetheless it will be valid for Zosimos that he surely is a hieros and free.

Demetri(o)s and Tatia who assign their threptos to the god, register him on an altar (katagr-fomen Zsimon ... fiw tn bvmn). This has been taken as an indication that in donations of

20 Cf. J. Reynolds,Aphrodisias and Rome, no. 32: nyhma progonikn.


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slaves and children to Apollon Lairbenos the verb katagrfein21 must have been used to meanregister, i.e. to engrave the name of a conveyed slave or child somewhere in the sanctuary.This has already been supported by two other texts where the verbs kxvren (give up, cede,convey etc.) and paraxvren (deliver, hand over, surrender etc.) have obviously been usedto designate the steps preceding the final act katagrfein22. M. Ricl, in discussing the mean-ings of these technical verbs, makes an excellent description of the whole procedure of donationof slaves or children to the god: the master had first relinquished all his rights over the slave,then handed him over to the god and finally had him registered under the Gods name23. In fact,our inscription is a nice confirmation of Ricls consideration that in the majority of cases whereonly the verb katagrfv is used, we should now understand it as referring just to the final stepof a lengthy legal procedure ofcessio.

The prescription for protecting Zosimos from being the slave of a human being (e tiw dpenkalsei to Zvsmou w efiw doulan nyrpou ktl.) is comparable with that of Rittiet alii 2000, K31 (= Ricl 1995, 32): mhdenw xontow jousan ntipen t graf tat, fcasyai w dolhw ktl. It is also notable that the fosterers of Zosimos unusually neededto add a stipulation (ka odn ssvn stai t Zvsm enai atn flern ka leyeron)to the end of the text that an attempt to make him a mans slave cannot have any effect on hisstatus of a free hieros, even if the fine for the attempt has been paid24.

15 Katagraphe


Etouw sp, mh(nw) e, b: Hl Ap-llvni Lairmhn Aljand-row Zvsmou eflerw k gun

4 mou Panya efler katagr-fomen tn aut teyr-emnhn Panyean efle-rn w dlvse yew:

8 efi d tiw penkalsei,ysi efiw tn yen

bf k efi-

w tn fskon bf.

In the year 286, on the 2ndday of the 5th month, I, Alexandros, son of Zosimos, a hieros, and mywife Panthia, a hiera, we assign to Helios Apollon Lairmenos our nursling Pantheia as hiera,as the god revealed. If anyone will object, he will pay to the god 2500 denarii and to thefiscus(another) 2500 denarii.

21 On the meaning ofkatagrfein and katagraf in different contexts see notably Ricl 1995, 187ff. andM. Mirkovi, Katagraphe and Consecration of Children, inMlanges dhistoire et dpigraphie offerts F. Papa-zoglou, 1997, 133, 7ff., cf. also Ritti et alii 2000, 567 and Dignas 2003, 845.

22 Ritti et alii 2000, K44 (jexrhse ... parhxrhse ka katgracen) and K46 (je[xr]hsa ka pare-xrhsen [ka kat]gracen), cf. also K52 (xarismhn ka katgraca).

23 Ricl 2001, 1556.24 G. Petzl,IvSmyrna, 253 (funerary insc.), 7ff.: ka odn tton stv dokosa pallotrvsiw kurow.


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Note that the authors Zosimos and Panthia were both hieroi who were requested by the god toconsecrate their foster-girl as hiera (for other katagraphai performed by some hieroi see Rittiet alii 2000, K8, K11, K43). The phrase w dlvse yew25, equivalent to kat pitagn toyeo or kat (yeon) neiron26first appears in Phrygian consecrations.

16 Katagraphe

Three joining marble architectural blocks found in situ. They record the last lines of three kata-graphai. Height 19; total width 258, thickness 61; letter-height 2 cm.


[ ]efiw tn yen bf,lla efiw t tameon

bf.

17 Katagraphe

On right of no. 16. Letter-height varying between 1.7 and 2.2 cm.Date: Roman imperial period.

[ ]prostmou efiw tn yen

bf,

lla efiw t tameon bf.

18 Katagraphe

On the right of no. 17. Letter-height 2.4 cm.Date: Roman imperial period.

[ ]e tiw d n penkalsi, ysi prostmouefiw tn yen

bf, lla efiw tn (sic) tame-

on bf.

The mistake tn tameon (probably a confusion between fskon and tameon) is committedalso in Ramsay, Phrygia, 147, no. 38 (cf. JHS 4, 1883, 380, no. 3; Miller 1985, p. 58 and Ricl1995, 11), while in Ritti et alii 2000, K11 it has been typed as t tameon).

25 Cf. Petzl,Beichtinschr., 38: kayw dhlyh p to nglou to yeo Mhnw Petraetou Ajethno ktl.(from the Katakekaumene).

26 See Ritti et alii 2000, p. 83 (index),passim.


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19 Dedication of an intercolumnium

Left piece of a marble architrave with freeze which is decorated with garlands and egg-and-dartcrown moulding. The garlands are supported by two rectangular mouldings. Height 84; totalwidth 178; thickness 43; letter-height 2.3 cm.

Date: 193 Sulla = 108/9 A.D.

Etouw rqg, mhnw Peritou d: Mnandrow Apollvnou Mo[tell]okhpethw vac.ejmenow Apllvni Lairmhn nsthsa distullon k [yemel]vn sn stu-lobt ka sper, koni, kefal, pistull zvfr, gesi, TO[ ]

In the year 193, on the 4th day of the month Peritios, Menandros, son of Apollonios, fromMotellokepos, constructed the intercolumnium from its foundations together with the base andtorus, the column, the capital, the architrave bearing a frieze, the cornice ... to Apollon Lair-menos after having made the vow.

The ethnic Mo[ ]okhpethw must be the same as the one which has been attested in Ricl 1995,35 (= Ritti et alii 2000, D11): [....]llokhpethw. If we combine what is preserved on the twostones, we can safely restore the ethnic as Mo[tell]okhpethw which perfectly fits both thelacunae and the context. Motellkhpow would have been village or a district around Motella,the patron city of the temple of Apollon Lairbenos (see also supra no. 3).

The record of an intercolumnium with precise information about its elements, which wasbuilt up in 108/9 A.D., is an additional evidence about the constructions that once stood in thesanctuary of Apollon Lairbenos, while two already-published dedications likewise supply infor-mation about a coffered and tiled roof27 and a stoa28. The intercolumnium (distullon)29 dedi-

27 SeeMAMA IV, 293; Miller 1985, 501 and Ritti et alii 2000, D1 (keramedaw dka ka efiw tn xrsvsinto paynvmatiko ib).

28 See W. M. Ramsay, JHS4, 1883, 383, no. 5 (The Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia, 146, no. 129); Miller1985, 53 and Ritti et alii 2000, D5.

29 On distulon or diastlion see M.-Ch. Hellmann,Recherches sur le vocabulaire de larchitecture grecque,daprs les inscriptions de Dlos (1992), 216 and 262.


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cated to Apollon Lairbenos with stulobthw, spera, kvn, kefal, pistllion zvfron30,gesow (or gesa)31 is comparable with distula which were constructed by Iason Prabreuswho was honoured by the Council and People of Aphrodisias (seeMAMA VIII, 498).

20 Dedication

Upper portion of a marble stele. It is now in the Pamukkale Museum. Height 30; width 27;thickness 9.5, letter-height 1.8 cm.


Affa Alejdr-ou Motellhn k-atw moi pnta

4

kouse genom-nh H_l Lermh-n nyhka.

12 For the spelling Alejdrou see G. Petzl,IvSmyrna 86,3 and 287, 7.23 K|ATLIUC (for kat w) lapis3 PLNTA lapis4 ETIHKOYCE lapis45 The last three letters ofgenomnh seem to be squeezedat the end of the line and are repeated in the following line.5 Perhaps the mason had forgotten to write what Aphphia hadbecome (healthy, pregnant or something else) and to squeezethat in, he had deleted Hl, and painted a word (?).

I, Aphphia, daughter of Alexa(n)dros, from Motella, after having become ... set this up forH[elios] Lermenos as he listened to all my prayers.

21 Dedication

Marble tabula. It is now in the Pamukkale Museum. Height 22.5; width 33; thickness 16.5,letter-height 1.8 cm. Date: Roman imperial period.

Anekhtow Ar-stvnow Apl-lvni Lairmhn

4 exn sn tufl Pst.

Aneiketos, son of Ariston, together with his sonPistos, made a vow to Apollon Lairmenos.

30 For the term zvfrow see M.-Ch. Hellmann, op. cit., 120.31 The dative gesi of our inscription is either an error for gesi (from gesow, -ouw, t) or for ges (from

gesa, ). For the term see M.-Ch. Hellmann, op. cit., 801.


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22 Fragment of a Dedication

Piece of a marble stele (?) with the figure of the god ApollonLarbenos (?) riding horse. It is now in the Pamukkale Museum.Height 20; width 9.8; thickness 5; letter-height 1 cm.


]OC ( Larbh[n

... -os dedicated (this) to Larbenos.

It is not clear whether the sign ( preceding the name of the god is anerror or a punctuation mark.

For other dedications bearing the representation of ApollonLairbenos see Ritti et alii 200, D13 and 14 with pictures on Pl. 1.

23 Fragment of a Confession (?)

Right upper piece of a marble stele with triangular pediment and acroteria of which only the oneon the right is preserved. The inscription is engraved in a rectangular, recessed field. It is now inthe Pamukkale Museum. Height 20; width 15.5; thickness 5; letter-height 1.8 cm.


[ -]ow Mote-[llhnw -]mow TROIT

IOU[ ?kolasy]ew p to

4 [ ?yeo Hlou] Aplv-[now Lairbhno? ]

2 It is not clear whether the small circle afterRho and the short vertical strokeafter Tau are later insertions or traces on the surface. Whatever they are, aname like Trtou32 or Tropou33 or Trpou would have been intended.

... -os, of Motella ... -mos, son of Tritos? ... after having been punished by the god Helios Apol-lon Lairbenos? ....

32 The name Tritow may either be of indigenous (Illyrian?) origin (see O. Masson, RPhil. 54, 1980, 231 [=Onom. Gr. Sel. 2, 361] with note 6; SEG 30, 1834; Masson, BCH114, 1990, 509 [= Onom. Gr. Sel. 3, 89];BCH115, 1991, 358 [= Onom. Gr. Sel. 3, 121]; in: Grecs et Illyriens dans les inscr. dEpidamne-Dyrrhachion [1993] 78[= Onom. Gr. Sel. 3, 161]) or, more probably, be derived from the numeral third (like the Latin name Tertius),see Masson,ZPE119, 1997, 69 (= Onom. Gr. Sel. 3, 276), in the chapter Anthroponymes grecs tirs de noms denombre.

33 For an attestation of this name in Lydia seeBCH34 (1910), 243 no. 11:(Trpion Lda).


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Left upper piece of a marble stele with triangular pedi-ment. Height 20; width 12; thickness 4.5; letter-height 1.5cm.


E[touw -, mh(nw) - pifa]-nestt [ye Hl Ap]-[l]vni La[irbhn ]

4 [k] Alej[andr- ]-dou P[- ?kata]-graf[- ]. . O[ ]

In the year ... in the month ... and Alexandros/-a, son/daughter of -dios ... to the most manifest god Helios Apol-lon Lairbenos ....


Right lower piece of a tabula (?). It is now in the Pamukkale Museum. Height 13; width 19;thickness 3.5; letter-height 2.8 cm.


[ ]ANP[- ]nyh[k- ]

zet

Hierapolisin kuzeyindeki Bahadnlar ky snrlar iinde yer alan (Helios) Apollon Lairbenos(veya Lairmenos, Lermenos vs.) tapnaconfessio ve katagraphe ad verilen iki yazt grubuile tannmaktadr. Confessiolar, baz gnahlar iledikleri iin tanr(lar) tarafndan cezalandr-lan kimselerin gnahlarn itiraf etmek zere sunduklar adak yaztlardr. Katagrapheler ise,kiilerin kendi istekleri ya da tanrlarn emirleri uyarnca ocuklarndan veya evlatlklarndan yada klelerinden bir veya daha fazlasn birer hieros ya da hiera, yani kutsal (personel) olarakTanr Apollonun hizmetine tahsis etmelerine ilikin yaztlardr. Ancak bu konuda ele geenyazl belge hayli yetersiz olduundan, Apollon Lairbenos tapnana insan balama (katag-raphein) eklindeki bu ibadet zerindeki tartmalar srmektedir.


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Makalede, Denizli Mzesi tarafndan Apollon Lairbenos Tapnanda yaplan kurtarmakazlar srasnda bulunan baz yeni katagrapheler ve dier baz adak yaztlar tantlmaktadr.Burada sunulan katagraphelerden no. 2 ve 7, baz dindar kiilerin kendilerine ait ev ve atelyegibi baz tanmazlarn gelirlerini Apollon Lairbenosa sunduklarn ifade etmeleri bakmndanson derece nemlidir.

Makalede yaynlanan yaztlarn evirileri yledir:1- Ben, Hierapolisli ... Akhilleus, Motellal Antiokhosdan satn aldm yaklak 30 yan-

daki klem Nikonu Tanrnn emri uyarnca Helios Apollon Lermenosun hizmetine tahsis edi-yorum. u artla ki, kendisi bugnden itibaren Tanrnn kutsal bir hizmetlisi (hieros) olacak vehibir kimsenin ona kar dava hakk olmayacaktr. Eer biri itiraz ederse, ceza olarak Tanrya2500 dinar ve pek kutsal hazineye de 2500 dinar deyecektir.

2- 296 ylnn (= .S. 212-3) birinci aynn 17. gnnde: Ben, Menokritos olu Apollonios,vey olum Zenonu Helios Apollon Lairmenosun hizmetine tahsis ediyorum. Eer biri itirazederse, ceza olarak Tanrya 2500 dinar deyecektir. Ayrca Zenona, gelirleri ve giderleri ilebirlikte ile birlikte bir dkkan ve iki katl bir ev ve ... aletlerini de tahsis ediyorum ....

3- ... Ben Aurelios Glykon, karm Tatasn da onay ile, Apollonios olu ... Epiktetosu Apol-lon Lermenosun hizmetine ... tahsis ediyorum. Eer biri itiraz ederse, (ceza olarak) hazineye2500 dinar ve Tanrya ayrca 2500 dinar ve Motella ehrine de ayrca 2500 dinar deyecektir.

4- 256 ylnn (=.S. 171/2) Daisios aynn 12. gnnde: Diodorosun olu ve Apolloniosuntorunu olan ve Mossynada ikamet eden Hierapolisli Diodoros, kars ve ocuklar ile birlikte,bu heykeli dualar iiten Tanr Helios Apollon Lairmenosa bir kran ifadesi olarak kendiparas ile diktirdi.

5- 308 ylnn (=.S. 308) ylnn 3. aynn 18. gnnde: Ben, Dorotheos olu Hierapolisli Aurelios Glykon ve karm, Atyokhorionlu Apolloniosun kz Aurelia Tata, vey kz-m z Stratonikeyi Tanrnn emri uyarnca bir kutsal hizmetli (hiera) olarak Helios ApollonLairmenosa tahsis ediyoruz. Eer biri itiraz ederse, (ceza olarak) Tanrya 2500 dinar ve hazi-neye de ayrca 2500 dinar deyecektir.

6- 300 ylnda (.S. 215/6): Ben, Pol- olu/kz Atyokhorionlu ...as, evlatlm Z...yi HeliosApollona tahsis ediyorum. Eer biri itiraz ederse, (ceza olarak) Tanrya 1000 dinar ve hazi-neye de ayrca 1000 dinar deyecektir.

7- 303 ylnn (.S. 218/9) ... aynn ...nc gnnde: Ben Agathemeros ve karm Le..., veyolumuz ...toeidesi kutsal bir hizmetli olarak (hieros) Apollon Lermenosa tahsis ediyoruz.Ayrca ona atelyeyi ve (... sresince elde edilecek) gelirleri ve ... tm aletleri brakyorum. Eerbiri itiraz ederse, (ceza olarak) Tanrya ... dinar ve imparatorluk hazinesine de ayrca ... dinardeyecektir.

8- 312 ylnn (.S. 227/8) 6. aynn 4. gnnde: Ben, Hierapolisli ...nn ...de ikamet edenolu Aurelios Euksenos, evlatlm ...tiay Helios Apollon Lairmenosa kutsal bir hizmetli ola-rak (hieros) tahsis ediyorum. Eer biri itiraz ederse, (ceza olarak) Tanrya ... dinar ve hazineyede ayrca ... dinar deyecektir.

9- ... ylnn 6. aynn 5. gnnde: (ben ... ve) karm Tatia beslememiz .. .osu Helios ApollonLeimenosa tahsis ediyoruz. Eer biri itiraz ederse, ceza olarak Tanrya ... dinar ve hazineyede ayrca ... dinar deyecektir.

10- 305 ylnn (.S. 220/1) ... aynn ...nc gnnde: Ben, ... olu Euphrosynos, vey olum...y (Helios) Apollon Lermenosa tahsis ediyorum. Eer biri itiraz ederse, ceza olarak Tanrya1500 dinar ve hazineye de ayrca 1500 dinar deyecektir.


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11- ... ylnn 4. aynn 8. gnnde: Ben, ... onbos olu Aurelios Ap... ve karm ve ocukla-rm (ve torunlarm ?), vey kzmz ...y Helios Apollon Lairbenosa kutsal bir hizmetli olarak(hieros) tahsis ediyoruz. Eer biri itiraz ederse, ceza olarak Tanrya ... dinar ve hazineye deayrca ... deyecektir.

12- ... Hyrgaleis ovasnda yaayan ..., kars Ammias ve oullar Demetrios, Demostratosve Bassos ile birlikte grkemli tanr Apollon Lairmenosa adak olarak Artemis Kynagos vegeyik heykellerini kaidesiyle birlikte diktirdi.

13- Ben Titus Flavius Akhilleus, Motelladaki (resmi) ariv aracl ile azat ettiim klemEpiktetosu 314 ylnn (.S. 229/30) 8. aynn sondan 6. gnnde Helios Larmenosa ithaf edi-yorum. Eer biri itiraz ederse, ceza olarak Tanrya 2500 gm dinar ve hazineye de ayrca2500 dinar deyecektir.

14- 257 ylnn (= .S. 172/3) 3. aynn 3. gnnde: Ben, Demostratos olu Demetrios vekarm Tatia, vey olumuz Zomsimos Pousionu, (adn, bir zamanlar) babamn adak olaraksunduu Artemis heykelinin suna zerine yazarak Helios Apollon Lairmenosa tahsis ediyo-ruz. Eer biri Zosimosu bir kimsenin klesi yapmak zere itirazda bulunursa, (ceza olarak)Lairmenosa 2500 dinar ve efendimiz Caesern hazinesine de ayrca 2500 dinar deyecektir.(Bu ceza dense bile), Zosimos yine de kesinlikle bir hieros ve zgr kii olarak kalacaktr.

15- 286 ylnn (= .S. 201/2) 5. aynn 2. gnnde: Bir tanr hizmetlisi (hieros) olan ben,Zosimos olu Aleksandros ve (yine) bir tanr hizmetlisi (hiera) olan karm Panthia, vey kzmzPanthiay Tanrnn emri zerine Helios Apollon Lairmenosa kutsal bir hizmetli (hiera) ola-rak tahsis ediyoruz. Eer biri itiraz ederse, (ceza olarak) Tanrya 2500 dinar ve hazineye deayrca 2500 dinar deyecektir.

16- ... (Eer biri itiraz ederse, ceza olarak) Tanrya 2500 dinar ve hazineye de ayrca 2500dinar (deyecektir).

17- ... (Eer biri itiraz ederse), ceza olarak Tanrya 2500 dinar ve hazineye de ayrca 2500dinar (deyecektir).

18- ... Eer biri itiraz ederse, ceza olarak Tanrya 2500 dinar ve hazineye de ayrca 2500dinar deyecektir.

19- 193 ylnn (=.S. 108/9) Peritios aynn 4. gnnde: Apollonios olu, MotellokeposluMenandros, bu iki stun arasn (diastylon = intercolumnium), temelinden itibaren, kaide, stun,balk, frizli aritrav, korni ... ile birlikte Apollon Lairmenos iin adak olarak ina ettirdi.

20- Ben, Aleksandros kz Motellal Aleksa(n)dra, ... olduktan sonra bu ada H(elios)Lermenosa, tm dualarma kulak verdii iin sundum.

21- Ariston olu Aniketos, olu Pistos ile birlikte, bu ada Apollon Lairmenosa (sundu).22- ...os (bunu) Larbenosa (adak olarak sundu).23- ... Motellal ...os ... Tritos (?) olu ...mos, ... Apollon (Lairbenos) tarafndan cezalan-

drldktan sonra ....24- ... ylnn ... aynda ... ...dios olu/kz Aleksandros/-a ... pek grkemli (Helios ?) Apollon

Lairbenosa ....25- ... sundu(m).

Pamukkale University (Denizli) Esengl Aknc ztrkEge University (zmir) Cumhur Tanrver


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F

ig.1:TheTempleofApollonLairbenoso

naHill(Asartepe)OverlookingtheRive

rMaeander