tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree
Richard Cobb, Joao Filipe, Katy Hayden, Ross Meentemeyer, Yana Valachovic, Ted Swieki,
Chris Gilligan, Everett Hansen, Susan Frankel, Matteo Garbelotto, Dave Rizzo
![Page 2: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Perspectives and challenges
• Frederica Bowcutt : Tanoak, a persecuted species • John Shelly : changes in resources perspectives • Thomas Brown : traditional resource perspectives • Whalen Dillon: Comprehensive risk assessment
![Page 3: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Ecological value and resources
•Richard Dodd (Jessica) : basic genetic understanding: bias of understudied species • Jessica Wright : Insect pollinators , scratching the biodiversity iceberg • Katy Hayden: finding resistance
![Page 4: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Learning from failure
• Forest decline in N. America: Sudden Oak Death is a familiar threat
• Chestnut: management increased pathogen spread
• Eastern hemlock: management (cutting) increased tree decline
![Page 5: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The twin traps of overtreatment and therapeutic nihilism*
• What are the management goals?
• Invaded Vs. uninvaded lands
• Goal: maximize tanoak resiliency and biodiversity
* Hippocratic oath
![Page 6: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Sudden oak death impacts are greater in large trees
Sudden oak death caused mortality increases with tanoak size*
Sudden oak death: stands quickly lose tanoak biomass
*Davis et al 2010 *McPherson et al 2010 *Cobb et al. 2012
![Page 7: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
A toolbox for tanoak
conservation
• Change the conditions of disease:
– Reduce infection rate
– Reduce mortality rate
– Exclude pathogen
![Page 8: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Local pathogen reduction
Valachovic et al. Southern Humboldt Unpublished data
0 1 2 3 4 5
Pro
bab
lity
of
infe
cti
on
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Treated
Untreated
Survey (years)
![Page 9: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
13,000
800
10 sites,
229 trees
Garbelotto et al., unpublished
![Page 10: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Preventative treatments
Garbelotto et al. 2008 Swiecki and Bernhardt 2008
Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak
![Page 11: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Models: forecasting spread and efficacy
20
40
60
80
100
0 20 40 60 80 100
Removed bay laurel (% of bay population)
Tan
oak y
ears
to
50%
declin
e
80% Protected tanoak
40%
0%
Cobb et al. 2012
Filipe et al. unpublished
Pro
po
rtio
n o
f ta
no
ak
![Page 12: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• Plan ahead; slowing the spread saves tanoak, reduces impacts, and saves time/$$
• Act now to protect specific stands, trees
• Do not move infected plants
• Avoid doing to much; loss of genetic based resistance
Strategy: Uninvaded areas
Mendocino county
![Page 13: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Agriphos ®, host density reduction, planting of resistant stock
• Disease selects for more resistant individuals: do not cut/remove lone surviving tanoak
• Manage to reduce impacts (human suffering)
Strategy: Invaded areas
Big Sur
![Page 14: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Acknowledgements
• Institutions and Organizations:
• UC Davis, UC Berkeley, UNC Charlotte, Univ Cambridge, UCCE, Oregon St., USDA Forest Service PSW, Phytosphere
• Funding: NSF-EEID, USFS, Moore Foundation, DEFRA, BBSRC, and USDA-APHIS, NRC
• People: Rizzo, Garbelotto, and Meentemeyer lab groups
![Page 15: Tanoak: conservation of an at risk tree · Agriphos® (phosphonate) treatments reduce pathogen growth in tanoak and coast live oak . Models: forecasting spread and efficacy 20 40](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022040101/5e2c8db8a1e890572f2dadce/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
K. Frangioso