TAKING NOTESTAKING NOTES

4 Types, Tips, Formatting4 Types, Tips, Formatting

4 TYPES of Note-Taking4 TYPES of Note-Taking

1. Paraphrase2. Summary 3. Quotation4. Facts

PARAPHRASINGPARAPHRASING Putting a passage into your own words It might be as long or longer than the

original text.

STEPS:1. Read it, think about it, understand it.2. Without looking at the original, write down

what you understand, as if you were telling a friend about it.

3. Read what you wrote and check it.4. Use an in-text citation.

Paraphrasing Paraphrasing Example:Example:Original: Paraphrase:

Miss Hopley stood up from her desk. She was sitting down when we came in, so we couldn’t see how tall she was at first. When she rose from her chair, she slowly revealed her broad frame, and her overall features seemed to stand out more than before. She had a pointy nose, large cheeks, a stiff mouth, and her hair was pulled up on top of her head. She wasn’t exactly huge, but her presence over-shadowed and overwhelmed. Her posture alone made her seem capable of crushing any opponent. She was somehow both intimidating and likeable at the same time (Galarza).

Then Miss Hopley did a formidable thing. She stood up. Had she been standing when we entered she would have seemed tall. But rising from her chair she soared. And what she carried up and up with her was a buxom superstructure, firm shoulders, a straight sharp nose, full cheeks slightly molded by a curved line along the nostrils, thin lips that moved like steel springs, and a high forehead topped by hair gathered in a bun. Miss Hopley was not a giant in body but when she mobilized it to a standing position she seemed a match for giants. I decided I liked her.

SUMMARIZINGSUMMARIZING

Briefly writing down just the main ideas in your own words

Much shorter than the originalAlso needs an in-text citation

Summarizing Summarizing Example:Example:Original: Summary:

When Miss Hopley stood up, I could see how intimidating yet likeable a presence she was (Galarza).

Then Miss Hopley did a formidable thing. She stood up. Had she been standing when we entered she would have seemed tall. But rising from her chair she soared. And what she carried up and up with her was a buxom superstructure, firm shoulders, a straight sharp nose, full cheeks slightly molded by a curved line along the nostrils, thin lips that moved like steel springs, and a high forehead topped by hair gathered in a bun. Miss Hopley was not a giant in body but when she mobilized it to a standing position she seemed a match for giants. I decided I liked her.

““QUOTING”QUOTING”

Copying word-for-word Only quote PEOPLE. Only use a quote if it is particularly funny,

powerful, descriptive, etc. A quote must be used to SUPPORT your ideas,

not replace them. Shorter is better. Only use one quote per section of your paper. Use quotation marks and an in-text citation.

I am an expert. You can quote

me on that.

Quoting Example:Quoting Example:

OriginalOriginal::Ernesto described his principal as,

Comparing Miss Hopley to an opponent capable of crushing anyone reveals Ernesto’s confidence in her to take on even the toughest of problems.

… Miss Hopley was not a giant in body but when she mobilized it to a standing position, she seemed a match for giants.

Notice how the quote was Notice how the quote was introduced by mentioning who introduced by mentioning who said it. Then it was followed by said it. Then it was followed by an explanation that related to an explanation that related to

the student writer’s essay.the student writer’s essay.

“not a giant in body but when she mobilized it to a standing position, she seemed a match for giants.” (Galarza).

Use of QuoteUse of Quote::

FACTSFACTS Tidbits of “common knowledge” recorded in a

list or in bullet points Will be the same in any source. Most “facts” will be for your introduction

section. Examples:

Scientific name Physical description Statistics

No more than 5 facts per note card Don’t have to be in complete sentences!

Facts ExampleFacts ExampleOriginal:

Ernesto Galarza was born in Jalcocotan,Nayarit, Mexico on August 15, 1905. Hisearly years were spent in the small villageof Jalcocotan. As a young boy Ernestolearned to never take things for granted.He and his family migrated to the UnitedStates during the Mexican Revolution. As aYoungster he worked with his familyHarvesting crops in California. Galarza wasknown as an activist, scholar, and anorganizer. His writings Reflected his searchand dream for a better world. In 1965Galarza's first book, Strangers in Our Fieldswas published. Galarza was a graduatestudent from Stanford University. He was thefirst Mexican American admitted to Stanford.

Facts: Born 8/15/05 in Jalcocatan, Nayrit, Mexico

Family migrated to U.S. during the Mexican Revolution

Worked with his family on a farm

First book: Strangers in Our Fields, 1965

First Mexican-American accepted to Stanford University.

BEFORE TAKING NOTES, BEFORE TAKING NOTES, ASK YOURSELF…ASK YOURSELF…

Why do I need this?How does it relate to my paper?Which TYPE of note works best

for this information?Have I made a source card,

printed, and highlighted this source?

Paraphrase vs. Paraphrase vs. Summary: Summary: What’s the What’s the difference???difference???

It can be as long or longer

Than the original

Both need in-text citations!

It is pretty short… 1-2 sentences

A ParaphraseBOTH

A Summarygets all the

details down... Don’t leave anything out!

“sums up” a text, by only focusing on the main ideas.

are in YOUR own words!

Both have same meaning as original.

Paraphrasing & Summarizing PracticeUsing Song Lyrics DIRECTIONS:*Do the first stanza (chunk of text) as a team. Then do the rest of the stanzas on your own.

1. Read the lyrics to the whole song.2. Fold your paper “hot dog style” (folding in half vertically). Flip to the side with the lyrics.3. Re-read the first stanza.4. Flip the paper over to the side with blank lines. THINK about what you have just read.5. Then, line-by-line, write out what you remember about that stanza. This is a paraphrase; taking something you have read and wording it in your own way without looking at it. You must not change the meaning in any way, but you must choose different words to make it your own.6. Once you are finished paraphrasing your stanza, look back at the original and see if anything you have paraphrased is too close to the original. If so, make the necessary changes so that your paraphrase sounds like your voice. 7. Repeat steps 1-7 for each stanza of the song.8. Share what you wrote with your team. Compare your paraphrases.9. Once you have gotten some feedback on your own paraphrase, write a short summary (1-2 sentences) of the song. 10. Below your summary, draw a picture that symbolizes what the song is about. It must be symbolic, so no pictures of people climbing mountains!

1. I’m so closeto my goalsbut something keeps telling meI can’t do it!

2._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(1) I can almost see it.That dream I'm dreaming, butThere's a voice inside my head saying

“You'll never reach it!”

(2) Every step I'm takin'Every move I makeFeels lost with no direction,My faith is shakin.'But I gotta keep tryin'Gotta keep my head held high

(3) There's always gonna be another mountainI'm always gonna wanna make it moveAlways gonna be an uphill battleSometimes I'm gonna have to lose

(4) Ain't about how fast I get thereAin't about what's waitin' on the other sideIt's the climb

(5) The struggles I'm facingThe chances I'm takingSometimes might knock me down, butNo I'm not breaking

(6) I may not know it, butThese are the moments thatI'm gonna remember mostI've just gotta keep goin', andI gotta be strong

Just keep pushing on

““The Climb” - SUMMARYThe Climb” - SUMMARY

There will always be obstacles in life, but if you keep going and take chances, you will get the most out of your journey!

““The Star-Spangled Banner”The Star-Spangled Banner”THE ORIGINAL LYRICS:THE ORIGINAL LYRICS:

““The Star-Spangled Banner” The Star-Spangled Banner” A LINE-BY-LINE PARAPHRASE:A LINE-BY-LINE PARAPHRASE:

Oh, say, can you see,

By the dawn’s early light,

What so proudly we hailed

At the twilight’s last gleaming?

Whose broad stripes and bright stars

Through the perilous fight

O’er the ramparts we watched

Were so gallantly streaming?

The National The National Anthem:Anthem:

Paraphrased and SummarizedParaphrased and Summarized

Can you still see

This morning (in the light of the sunrise)Something we saw

Last night (in the starlight)?

What flag was this with a pattern of stripes and stars

(We saw it during the battle

-- We saw it over the fortress walls)That was fluttering nobly?

And the rockets’ red glare

The bombs bursting in air

Gave proof through the night

That our flag was still there.

Oh say, does that star-spangled

Banner yet wave

O’er the land of the free

And the home of the brave?

The bright fire

Of the explosions

Showed us

That our banner remained.

Does this flag

Still hang

In the country

That is our home?

SUMMARYSUMMARY????????

We saw our flag waving above the battle fields when we fought for our freedom, but does it still represent what we first intended it to?

Proper Note Card FormattingProper Note Card Formatting