taking action in italian
DESCRIPTION
Taking Action in Italian. Using Regular ARE Verbs. What are Infinitives?. In English, infinitives are the words To + a verb, such as: to play to read to study. What is conjugation?. Conjugation is the act of changing an infinitive to a verb used with a subject. For example: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Taking Action in Italian
Using Regular ARE Verbs
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What are Infinitives?
In English, infinitives are the wordsTo + a verb, such as:
to play
to read
to study
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What is conjugation?
Conjugation is the act of changing an infinitive to a verb used with a subject.
For example:
To speak We speak
Parlare Noi parliamo
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Conjugating Italian Verbs
Step 1:
Find the stem of the verb, using the following formula:
Infinitive – ARE = Stem
Parlare – ARE = Parl
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Conjugating Italian Verbs
Step 2:
Bring down the stem to each pronoun.
io parl noi parl
tu parl voi parl
lui, lei, Lei parl loro, Loro parl
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Conjugating Italian Verbs
Step 3:
Add the correct endings to the stems
io parlo noi parliamo
tu parli voi parlate
lui, lei, Lei parla loro, Loro parlano
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Important points to remember
• Do NOT translate the word do in Italian verbs it’s already understood:
tu parli- you speak, you do speak,
you are speaking
• When making sentences negative, put the word non directly in front of the verb:
tu non parli- you don’t speak, you are not speaking
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Important Points to Remember
• When writing questions, the verb comes before the subject:
Parli tu l’italiano?
Do you speak Italian?
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Un po’ di prattica!
Translate the following in your notes!
We study French.
I travel a lot.
He explains the lesson.
They speak German.
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-ERE Verbs
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Examples of –ERE InfinitivesPerdere – to loseVivere – to livePrendere – to takeVedere- to seeConoscere – to knowRicevere – to receiveRispondere – to respond
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Step 1: Find the STEM Remove the –ERE from the
INFINITIVE to isolate the STEMExamples: leggere legg prendere prend scrivere scriv
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Step 2: Add a new ending Add a new ending to
the STEM, depending on WHO is doing the action:
Singular Plural
(I) Io -o (we) noi -iamo
(you - informal) tu -i
(you all - informal) voi -ete
(he/she) lui/lei -e
(they) loro -ono
(you-informal) Lei -e
(You all- formal) -ono
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LEGGERE – To read
1. What is the STEM?LEGG
2. What are the different forms of LEGGERE?
Io leggo noi leggiamo
tu leggi voi leggete lui/lei/Lei legge
loro/Loro leggono
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-IRE Verbs
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Verbi -ire
• What are the –ire endings?-o -iamo
-i -ite
-e -ono What do you notice about –ire and –ere
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Paragoniamo (Let’s compare!)
• Vediamo (Let’s see): -ere vs. –
ire -o -iamo -o
–iamo
-i -ete -i –ite
-e -ono -e -ono
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Sono simili! (They’re similar!)• -ere and –ire endings are almost all the same EXCEPT in the “voi” form.
–ere verbs have –ete
–ire verbs have –ite
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Not so fast!
Some –ire verbs add an –isc before the ending we are used to adding on.
For example : pulisco, pulisce, finisco, finisci, capisci, preferiscono…
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-isc with -ire
• These are sometimes called “boot verbs” because the –isc is added into all the forms except “noi” and “voi”.
Esempio: capire – to understand
Capisco Capiamo
Capisci Capite
Capisce Capiscono
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5 letter test
• Look at the –ire verb in its infinitive form. Let’s take “pulire” – “to clean”.
Start at the END of the word, on the “e”. Count back 5 letters. Do we land on a vowel?
1:e , 2:r, 3:i, 4:l, 5:u
YES!
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5 letter test
• Since we landed on a vowel, we know to add in “isc” for all our forms EXCEPT noi and voi.
Pulisco Puliamo
Pulisci Pulite
Pulisce Puliscono
We still have to add our normal endings, too!