taking action: implementing effective teaching practices in...
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TakingAction:ImplementingEffectiveTeachingPracticesinGrades9-12NCTM/NCSM2017AnnualMeetingsMelissaBostonandFredDillon
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EffectiveMathematicsTeachingPractices
Establishmathematicsgoalstofocuslearning.Effectiveteachingofmathematicsestablishescleargoalsforthemathematicsthatstudentsarelearning,situatesgoalswithinlearningprogressions,andusesthegoalstoguideinstructionaldecisions.
Implementtasksthatpromotereasoningandproblemsolving.Effectiveteachingofmathematicsengagesstudentsinsolvinganddiscussingtasksthatpromotemathematicalreasoningandproblemsolvingandallowmultipleentrypointsandvariedsolutionstrategies.
Useandconnectmathematicalrepresentations.Effectiveteachingofmathematicsengagesstudentsinmakingconnectionsamongmathematicalrepresentationstodeepenunderstandingofmathematicsconceptsandproceduresandastoolsforproblemsolving.
Facilitatemeaningfulmathematicaldiscourse.Effectiveteachingofmathematicsfacilitatesdiscourseamongstudentstobuildsharedunderstandingofmathematicalideasbyanalyzingandcomparingstudentapproachesandarguments.
Posepurposefulquestions.Effectiveteachingofmathematicsusespurposefulquestionstoassessandadvancestudents’reasoningandsensemakingaboutimportantmathematicalideasandrelationships.
Buildproceduralfluencyfromconceptualunderstanding.Effectiveteachingofmathematicsbuildsfluencywithproceduresonafoundationofconceptualunderstandingsothatstudents,overtime,becomeskillfulinusingproceduresflexiblyastheysolvecontextualandmathematicalproblems.
Supportproductivestruggleinlearningmathematics.Effectiveteachingofmathematicsconsistentlyprovidesstudents,individuallyandcollectively,withopportunitiesandsupportstoengageinproductivestruggleastheygrapplewithmathematicalideasandrelationships.
Elicitanduseevidenceofstudentthinking.Effectiveteachingofmathematicsusesevidenceofstudentthinkingtoassessprogresstowardmathematicalunderstandingandtoadjustinstructioncontinuallyinwaysthatsupportandextendlearning.
NationalCouncilofTeachersofMathematics.(2014).Principlestoactions:Ensuringmathematicalsuccessforall.Reston,VA:Author.WritingTeam:SteveLeinwand,DanielJ.Brahier,DeAnnHuinker,RobertQ.BerryIII,FrederickL.Dillon,MatthewR.Larson,MiriamA.Leiva,W.GaryMartin,andMargaretS.Smith.http://www.nctm.org/principlestoactions
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StudentA
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StudentB
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StudentC
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StudentD
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StudentE
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StudentF