tactical network modeling and simulation study swapnaja ranade michael stephano
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Tactical NetworkTactical NetworkModeling and Simulation Modeling and Simulation
StudyStudy
Swapnaja RanadeSwapnaja Ranade
Michael StephanoMichael Stephano
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AgendaAgenda
Scenario descriptionScenario description Network modelNetwork model Results and analysisResults and analysis ConclusionsConclusions
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Problem StatementProblem Statement
Observe relationship between Observe relationship between physical layer parameters and physical layer parameters and network layer parameters for a network layer parameters for a tactical network.tactical network.
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ApproachApproach
Model a highly mobile tactical Model a highly mobile tactical network in OPNET and observe network in OPNET and observe parameters through simulation.parameters through simulation.
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Network Topology and ScaleNetwork Topology and Scale
2 M1A2 tank companies2 M1A2 tank companies 28 total nodes28 total nodes 20 minute simulation duration20 minute simulation duration 4.5 km x 4.0 km playbox4.5 km x 4.0 km playbox
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Company HierarchyCompany Hierarchy1st Platoon
2nd Platoon
3rd Platoon
HQ
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Alpha Company Bravo Company
March Phase
Battle Phase
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Radio PropagationRadio Propagation
1 W transmission power1 W transmission power Omni-directional antennaOmni-directional antenna Antenna height of 3 metersAntenna height of 3 meters DTED terrain data usedDTED terrain data used TIREM4 propagation modelTIREM4 propagation model Data rate used is 11MbpsData rate used is 11Mbps
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Network Protocols UsedNetwork Protocols Used
802.11b802.11b AODVAODV IPIP Represented by OPNET MANET node Represented by OPNET MANET node
modelmodel
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Mobility ModelMobility Model
M1A2 CharacteristicsM1A2 Characteristics 30 mph mean speed30 mph mean speed 17 mph 10% slope17 mph 10% slope 4.1 mph 60% slope4.1 mph 60% slope
MATLAB ModelMATLAB Model Incorporates DTED dataIncorporates DTED data Speed linearly interpolated based on slopeSpeed linearly interpolated based on slope MATLAB was used to generate trajectory MATLAB was used to generate trajectory
filesfiles
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Simulation Metrics CollectedSimulation Metrics Collected Physical LayerPhysical Layer
Received PowerReceived Power SNRSNR BERBER
Network LayerNetwork Layer ThroughputThroughput DelayDelay Packet Loss RatioPacket Loss Ratio
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OPNET DemoOPNET Demo
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Traffic ModelTraffic Model
Position UpdatesPosition Updates Sensor UpdatesSensor Updates VoIP TrafficVoIP Traffic Other TrafficOther Traffic
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Packet Tx/Rx RatePacket Tx/Rx Rate
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Data CollectedData Collected
Time Power SNR BER Throughput Latency PLRTime Power SNR BER Throughput Latency PLR 0.0 1.5170e-09 41.3 0 3.5738e+05 6.8342e-03 3.0769e-020.0 1.5170e-09 41.3 0 3.5738e+05 6.8342e-03 3.0769e-02 1.0 1.7490e-09 38.8 0 7.3606e+05 4.5720e-03 1.9084e-021.0 1.7490e-09 38.8 0 7.3606e+05 4.5720e-03 1.9084e-02 2.0 2.0140e-09 39.8 0 1.1087e+06 1.1524e-02 1.4566e-022.0 2.0140e-09 39.8 0 1.1087e+06 1.1524e-02 1.4566e-02 3.0 2.2980e-09 39.1 0 1.1307e+06 5.5088e-03 8.0000e-033.0 2.2980e-09 39.1 0 1.1307e+06 5.5088e-03 8.0000e-03 4.0 2.6500e-09 39.4 0 1.1183e+06 5.6622e-03 5.3814e-034.0 2.6500e-09 39.4 0 1.1183e+06 5.6622e-03 5.3814e-03 5.0 3.1420e-09 39.6 0 1.1235e+06 5.6514e-03 4.5524e-035.0 3.1420e-09 39.6 0 1.1235e+06 5.6514e-03 4.5524e-03 6.0 3.7640e-09 39.7 0 1.1168e+06 5.6525e-03 3.3827e-036.0 3.7640e-09 39.7 0 1.1168e+06 5.6525e-03 3.3827e-03 7.0 4.3330e-09 39.9 4.10e-11 1.1325e+06 5.4484e-03 2.5316e-037.0 4.3330e-09 39.9 4.10e-11 1.1325e+06 5.4484e-03 2.5316e-03 8.0 4.8420e-09 40.0 0 1.1132e+06 5.6375e-03 2.3791e-038.0 4.8420e-09 40.0 0 1.1132e+06 5.6375e-03 2.3791e-03 9.0 5.4510e-09 40.1 2.20e-11 1.0724e+06 9.8462e-03 6.9111e-039.0 5.4510e-09 40.1 2.20e-11 1.0724e+06 9.8462e-03 6.9111e-0310.0 6.1950e-09 43.5 4.20e-11 1.0481e+06 3.1363e-02 1.3079e-0210.0 6.1950e-09 43.5 4.20e-11 1.0481e+06 3.1363e-02 1.3079e-0211.0 8.1250e-09 43.8 0 1.0414e+06 4.6925e-02 2.0159e-0211.0 8.1250e-09 43.8 0 1.0414e+06 4.6925e-02 2.0159e-0212.0 1.2111e-08 42.3 1.19e-10 1.2502e+06 1.3544e-01 9.9167e-0312.0 1.2111e-08 42.3 1.19e-10 1.2502e+06 1.3544e-01 9.9167e-0313.0 1.9789e-08 40.4 6.75e-10 1.1259e+06 5.7345e-03 9.0520e-0313.0 1.9789e-08 40.4 6.75e-10 1.1259e+06 5.7345e-03 9.0520e-0314.0 3.8793e-08 40.7 0 1.1313e+06 5.9660e-03 8.4907e-0314.0 3.8793e-08 40.7 0 1.1313e+06 5.9660e-03 8.4907e-0315.0 5.6273e-08 42.7 0 1.1161e+06 6.1210e-03 8.0972e-0315.0 5.6273e-08 42.7 0 1.1161e+06 6.1210e-03 8.0972e-0316.0 5.8653e-08 43.8 0 1.1164e+06 5.9077e-03 7.6680e-0316.0 5.8653e-08 43.8 0 1.1164e+06 5.9077e-03 7.6680e-0317.0 3.6067e-08 41.0 0 1.1186e+06 5.9030e-03 7.5138e-0317.0 3.6067e-08 41.0 0 1.1186e+06 5.9030e-03 7.5138e-0318.0 2.3554e-08 38.7 1.20e-11 1.1191e+06 6.4405e-03 6.8883e-0318.0 2.3554e-08 38.7 1.20e-11 1.1191e+06 6.4405e-03 6.8883e-0319.0 1.6607e-08 37.9 0 1.1302e+06 6.0194e-03 6.5212e-0319.0 1.6607e-08 37.9 0 1.1302e+06 6.0194e-03 6.5212e-03
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Covariance MatrixCovariance Matrix
xx yy zz aa bb cc
xx σσxx22 CCxyxy CCxzxz CCxaxa CCxbxb CCxcxc
yy σσyy22 CCyzyz CCyaya CCybyb CCycyc
zz σσzz22 CCzaza CCzbzb CCzczc
aa σσaa22 CCabab CCacac
bb σσbb22 CCbcbc
cc σσcc22
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Correlation MatrixCorrelation Matrix
xx yy zz aa bb cc
xx 1.01.0 rrxyxy rrxzxz rrxaxa rrxbxb rrxcxc
yy 1.01.0 rryzyz rryaya rrybyb rrycyc
zz 1.01.0 rrzaza rrzbzb rrzczc
aa 1.01.0 rrabab rracac
bb 1.01.0 rrbcbc
cc 1.01.0
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Correlation ExpectationsCorrelation Expectations
PPrxrx SNRSNR BERBER TputTput LatencyLatency PLRPLR
PPrxrx 1.01.0 ++ -- ++ -- --
SNRSNR 1.01.0 -- ++ -- --
BERBER 1.01.0 -- ++ ++
TputTput 1.01.0 -- --
LatencyLatency 1.01.0 ++
PLRPLR 1.01.0
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Correlation MatrixCorrelation MatrixBased on OPNET Sim DataBased on OPNET Sim Data
PPrxrx SNRSNR BERBER TputTput LatencyLatency PLRPLR
PPrxrx 1.01.0 0.55120.5512 -0.0868-0.0868 0.25970.2597 -0.1292-0.1292 -0.3624-0.3624
SNRSNR 1.01.0 -0.4596-0.4596 0.33740.3374 -0.1906-0.1906 -0.3843-0.3843
BERBER 1.01.0 0.05660.0566 -0.0359-0.0359 0.10350.1035
TputTput 1.01.0 -0.4851-0.4851 -0.8758-0.8758
LatencyLatency 1.01.0 -0.4573-0.4573
PLRPLR 1.01.0
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y = mx + bm = -2.48 x 106
b = 0.0935
Linear Regression (Native Linear Regression (Native Units)Units)
Power vs. Packet Loss RatioPower vs. Packet Loss Ratio
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y = mx + bm = -0.3624b = 0
Linear Regression (Z Scores)Linear Regression (Z Scores)Power vs. Packet Loss RatioPower vs. Packet Loss Ratio
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y = mx + bm = 9.62 x 103
b = 5.41 x 105
Linear RegressionLinear RegressionSNR vs. ThroughputSNR vs. Throughput
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y = mx + bm = 9.62 x 103
b = 5.41 x 105
Linear RegressionLinear RegressionThroughput vs. Packet Loss Throughput vs. Packet Loss
RatioRatio
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OPNET Model IssuesOPNET Model IssuesDiscovered By AnalysisDiscovered By Analysis
SNR modelSNR model Mathematical issueMathematical issue Correctable in OPNET with modificationsCorrectable in OPNET with modifications
BER modelBER model Inadequate OPNET modulation curvesInadequate OPNET modulation curves Correctable in OPNET with modificationsCorrectable in OPNET with modifications
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r = -0.5621
Modulation CurveModulation CurveProduced AnalyticallyProduced Analytically
02
1
N
EerfcBER b
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ConclusionsConclusions
Correlation analysisCorrelation analysis Power and SNR exhibit fairly strong Power and SNR exhibit fairly strong
correlation to network parameterscorrelation to network parameters Low BER correlation due to model, not Low BER correlation due to model, not
real effectreal effect Regression analysisRegression analysis
Useful but of limited utilityUseful but of limited utility Choosing appropriate physical layer Choosing appropriate physical layer
datadata
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ReferencesReferences G. Kelsch, M. Roberts, and D. Harris. Toward New Tactical Network G. Kelsch, M. Roberts, and D. Harris. Toward New Tactical Network
Modeling and Simulation Approaches. In Modeling and Simulation Approaches. In IEEE Military IEEE Military Communications ConferenceCommunications Conference, pages 2396-2401 Vol. 4, October , pages 2396-2401 Vol. 4, October 2005.2005.
United States Army Field Manual. FM 17-15 Tank Platoon. April United States Army Field Manual. FM 17-15 Tank Platoon. April 1996.1996.
M.J. Ryan and M.R. Frater. Tactical Communications for the M.J. Ryan and M.R. Frater. Tactical Communications for the Digitized Battlefield. Artech House, Norwood, MA, 2002.Digitized Battlefield. Artech House, Norwood, MA, 2002.
S.K. Kachigan. Multivariate Statistical Analysis: A Conceptual S.K. Kachigan. Multivariate Statistical Analysis: A Conceptual Introduction, 2Introduction, 2ndnd Edition. Radius Press, New York, NY, 1991. Edition. Radius Press, New York, NY, 1991.
General Dynamics M1A2 Abrams Specifications Sheet.General Dynamics M1A2 Abrams Specifications Sheet.