Lecture 3: HTML5 Table, List, Blocks, Inline Style

HTLM Table ElementA table consists of rows <tr>. Each row is divided into

data cells <td> (td stands for table data)

A <td> tag can contain text, links, images, lists, forms, and other tables.

Table Example<table>

<tr><td>row 1, cell 1</td>

<td>row 2, cell 2</td>

</tr>

<tr><td>row 2, cell 1</td>

<td>row 2, cell 2</td>

</tr>

</table>

Table Border AttributeBy default, the table will be displayed without borders.

If you want borders, specify the border attribute:<table border=“1”> … </table>

Table Headers<tr>

<th>header 1</th>

<th>header 2</th>

</tr>

Table Tags<caption>: defines a table caption<colgroup>: specifies a group of one or more columns<col>: specifies column properties for each column

within a <colgroup> element<thead>: groups the header content in a table<tbody>: groups the body content in a table<tfoot>: groups the footer content in a table

HTML ListOrdered and unordered lists:

An ordered list starts with the <ul> tag. Each item starts with the <li> tag.

Example: <ul>

<li>Red</li>

<li>Yellow</li>

</ul>

Description ListA description list is a list of items with a description of each

term/name

The <dl> tag defines a description list. <dl> is used together with <dt> (defines items) and <dd> (describes each item)

Example: <dl>

<dt>Coffee</dt>

<dd>- black hot drink</dd>

</dl>

HTML List Tags<ol>: defines an ordered list<ul>: defines an unordered list<li>: defines a list item<dl>: defines a description list<dt>: defines an item in a description list<dd>: defines a description of an item in a description list

HTML Block ElementHTML elements are defined as block level element or as

inline element.

Block level Elements start with a new line.E.g., <p>, <table>, <div>

Inline elements are displayed without a new line.E.g., <b>, <td>, <a>, <img>

<div> Element<div> element is a block level element used as a container

for grouping other elements.

Since <div> is a block level element, the browser will display a line break before and after it.

<span> element<span> element is an inline element that can be used as a

container for text.

<span> element usually is used to set style to parts of the text.

Next ClassCSS (Cascading Style Sheets)

Inline styles

Internal CSS

External CSS

CSS HistoryHTML stated to add formatting to its tags list (such as

<font>, <b>, <i> <strong>, etc) . This caused some problems?

The W3C created CSS and added it to HTML 4.0 with the intent of deprecating all HTML format tags.

Presentation of HTMLHTML markup can be used to indicate both semantics of a document and its presentation (such as style and format)

HTML never designed for formatting. It defines the semantics of a HTML document.

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) pro vides a mechanism for presentation.

CSS Core SyntaxSelector: rule defining which element to styleProperty: a specific CSS keyword which

applies formatting to the selectorValue: a specific value for the propertyMultiple property|value pairs declared inside

{}, separated by ‘;’

A rule set consists of two parts: selector string followed by declaration block.

CSS Core Syntax

P { font-size: x-large; backgroud-color:

yellow }

Selector string

Property name

Property name

Property value

Property value

SelectorsType Selector: the selector string is simply

the name of an element type.<a>, <p>, <ul>, etc.

* selector: it is the universal selector which represents every possible element type.* { font-weight: bold}. This specifies a value of

bold for the font-weight property of every element in a document.

ID SelectorsID Selector: every element in a HTML has an

ID attribute. An element must have an unique ID. If a selector is precede by a (#), then it represents an ID value. The ID value is case sensitive.

#p1, #p3 { background-color: red }

In HTML, <p id=“p1”> I like FSU! </p>

CLASS SelectorsCLASS Selector: almost every element has a

class attribute. It preceded by a period (.) The class value is case sensitive.

#p4, .takeNote{ font-style:italic }

In HTML, <p class=“takeNote”> I like FSU! </p>

More on Class SelectorsID and CLASS selectors can be prefixed by an

element type name.

Span.special{ background-color: red}

In HTML, <span>I like FSU!</span>

<span class=“special”>I like FSU!</span>

Descendant Selectorsul span { color : yellow }. This indicates that the

text within a <span> element that is part of the content of an unordered list <ul> should be yellow.

Class selector can be included in the ancestor list..special span

Question: what does this mean?ul ol li { color : yellow }

Internal CSS<head>

<style type=“text/css”>body { background-color : red; }

p { color: yellow } . . . </style>

Next ClassMore about CSS

Style Rule Cascading and Inheritance

Text propertiesFont familiesLine BoxesCSS Box Model