t3 [internet www]

7/30/2019 T3 [Internet WWW]

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Describe basic computer hardware, software, input,

output, communication and network devices.

To apply the suitable office application to

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Objectives Overview

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• Discuss the evolution of the Internet.

• Explain the purpose of a Web browser and identify the components of

a Web address.

• Identify and briefly describe the various broadband internetconnections.

• Describe how to use a search engine to search for information on the

Web and differentiate between a search engine and a subject directory.

•

Describe the types of Web sites.

• Explain how e-mail, mailing lists, instant messaging, chat rooms, VoIP,

newsgroups and message boards, and FTP work.

• Identify the rules of netiquette.



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Evolution of Internet

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Origins

The internet began in the late 1960s as aproject sponsored by the U.S. DefenseDepartment. Over time, the internet

expanded to include other governmentagencies, universities, research labs andbusinesses.



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Evolution of the Internet• Started as ARPANET in September 1969 and had

two main goals:

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Allow scientists at differentphysical locations to share

information and worktogether.

Function even if part of thenetwork were disabled ordestroyed by a disaster.



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Evolution of the Internet

1969 ARPANETbecomes

functional.

1984

ARPANET hasmore than1,000

individualcomputerslinked as

hosts.

1986

NSF connectsNSFnet to

ARPANET andbecomes

known as theInternet.

1995

NSFNetterminates itsnetwork onthe Internetand resumes

status asresearchnetwork.

1996 Internet2 is

founded.

Today

More than550 millionhosts connect

to theInternet.

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The Internet

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Worldwide Network

The internet is a worldwide network.Similar to a local area network, sharingresources on other computers, the

internet enables user to view and shareinformation on other computers aroundthe world.



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The Internet Definition

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A worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses,

government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.



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Internet

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Backbone

The internet backbone’s is a collectionof telephone lines and fiber-optic cablesthan span the world. Data travels along

this backbone at nearly the speed of light, so you can access data on theother side of the world in just seconds.



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Connecting To The Internet

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• provides high-speed internet access through the cable televisionnetwork via a cable modem

Cable InternetService

DSL (digitalsubscriber liner)

Fiber to thePremises (FTTP)

Fiber wireless

A WIFI (wireless

identifier)

• speed internet connections to devices with built-in compatible technology orcomputers with wireless modems.

A cellular radionetwork offer high

• provides high-speed internet connections via satellite to a satellite dish thatcommunicates with a satellite modem

Satellite InternetServices

• uses fiber-optic cable to provides high-speed internet access

• provides high speed internet connections using regular telephone lines

• provides high-speed internet connections using a dish-shaped antenna on yourhouse or business to communicate with a tower location via radio signals.

• network uses radio signals to provide high-speed internet connections

to wireless computers and devices



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Internet Service Provider / Access Provider

An internet service provider (ISP) is a company that has direct access tothe internet backbone. You can use a modem to access an ISP, which thenconnects you to the internet / a business that provides individuals andorganizations access to the Internet free or for a fee.

Dial-Up Access

Dial-up internet access uses a regular modem and a telephone line toconnect to the internet. Although dial-up accounts are inexpensive,they are also very slow.

Broadband Access

Uses a high-speed modem to connect to the internet. The connection ismade through a digital subscriber line (DSL) telephone service or atelevision cable hookup. Broadband accounts are extremely fast,although they are more expensive than dial-up accounts.



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Examples of Internet Service Provider (ISP)



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The World Wide Web

• The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of aworldwide collection of electronic documents(Web pages)

• A Web site is a collection of related Web pagesand associated items

• A Web server is a computer that delivers

requested Web pages to your computer

• Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide a meansfor users to interact

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The World Wide Web• A Web browser, or browser, allows users to

access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs.Examples:

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InternetExplorer

Firefox Opera

SafariGoogleChrome



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The World Wide Web• A home page is the first

page that a Web site

displays

• Web pages provide links to

other related Web pages

– Surfing the Web

• Downloading is the

process of receivinginformation

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• Some Web pages are

designed specifically for

microbrowsers.



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The World Wide Web• A Web page has a unique address called a URL or

Web address.

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The World Wide Web• Tabbed browsing allows you to open and view multiple

Web pages in a single Web browser window

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The World Wide Web• Two types of search tools are search engines and

subject directories

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Searchengine

Finds informationrelated to a

specific topic

Subjectdirectory

Classifies Webpages in an

organized set of categories

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The World Wide Web

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Widely Used Search ToolsSearch Tool Web Address Search Engine Subject Directory

A9 a9.com X

AlltheWeb alltheweb.com X

AltaVista altavista.com X

AOL Search search.aol.com X

Ask ask.com X

Bing bing.com X

Cuil (pronounced cool) cuil.com X

Dogpile dogpile.com X

Excite excite.com X X

Gigablast gigablast.com X X

Google google.com X X

Lycos lycos.com X

MSN msn.com X X

Open Directory Project dmoz.org X X

WebCrawler webcrawler.com X

Yahoo! yahoo.com X X

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The World Wide Web• A search engine is helpful in locating items such

as:

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Images Videos Audio News

MapsPeople or

Businesses Blogs

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The World Wide Web• Search operators can help to refine your search

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Search Engine Operators

Operator Description Examples Explanation

Space or

+

Display hits that include

specific words.

art + music

art music

Results have both words art and music – in any

order.

OR Display hits that includeonly one word from a list.

dog OR puppyDog OR puppy OR canine

Results have either the word dog or puppy.Results have the word dog or puppy or canine.

( ) Combine hits that include

specific words with those

that include only one word

from a list.

Kalamazoo Michigan

(pizza OR subs)

Results have both words Kalamazoo Michigan

and either the word, pizza, or the word, subs.

- Exclude a word from the

search results.

automobile

- convertible

Results include automobile but do not include

convertible.

“ “ Search for an exact phrase

in a certain order

“19th century literature” Results have the exact phrase, 19th century

literature.

* Substitute characters in

place of the asterisk.

writer* Results include any word that begins with

writer (e.g., writer, writers, writer’s).

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The World Wide Web• There are thirteen types of Web sites

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Portal News Informational Business/Marketing

Blog Wiki Online SocialNetwork

Educational

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The World Wide Web

Entertainment Advocacy WebApplication

ContentAggregator

Personal

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Cont… • Portal - Web site that offers a variety of Internet

services from a single, convenient location.

• News - Web site contains newsworthy materialincluding stories and articles relating to currentevents, life, money, sports, and the weather.

• Informational - Web site contains factualinformation.

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Cont… • Business/Marketing - Web site contains content that

promotes or sells products or services.

•

Blog - short for Weblog, is an informal Web siteconsisting of time-stamped articles, or posts, in adiary or journal format, usually listed in reversechronological order.

• Wiki - a collaborative Web site that allows users tocreate, add to, modify, or delete the Web site contentvia their Web browser.

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Cont… • Online Social Network - Web site that encourages

members in its online community to share theirinterests, ideas, stories, photos, music, and videoswith other registered users.

• Educational - Web site offers exciting, challengingavenues for formal and informal teaching andlearning.

• Entertainment An entertainment Web site offers aninteractive and engaging environment.

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Cont…

• Advocacy An advocacy Web site contains content

that describes a cause, opinion, or idea.

• Web Application - Web site that allows users to

access and interact with software through a Web

browser on any computer or device that is

connected to the Internet. Some Web applications

provide free access to their software.

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Cont…

• Content Aggregator - business that gathers and

organizes Web content and then distributes, or

feeds, the content to subscribers for free or a fee.

• Personal - private individual or family not usually

associated with any organization may maintain apersonal Web site or just a single Web page.

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The World Wide Web

• Information

presented on

the Web must

be evaluated

for accuracy

• No one

oversees the

content of

Web pages

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Criteria for Evaluating a Web Site’s Content

Evaluation Criteria Reliable Web Sites

Affiliation A reputable institution should support the

Web site without bias in the information.

Audience The Web site should be written at an

appropriate level.

Authority The Web site should list the author and

appropriate credentials.

Content The Web site should be well organized and

the links should work.

Currency The information on the Web page shouldbe current.

Design The pages at the Web site should download

quickly, be visually pleasing, and easy to

navigate.

Objectivity The Web site should contain little

advertising arid be free of preconceptions.

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The World Wide Web• Multimedia refers to any application that

combines TEXT with:

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Graphics Animation

Audio VideoVirtualReality

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The World Wide Web

• A graphic is adigitalrepresentation of

nontextinformation

• Graphic formatsinclude BMP, GIF,JPEG, PNG, andTIFF

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The World Wide Web

• A thumbnail is a small

version of a larger

graphic

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The World Wide Web• Animation is the appearance of motion created

by displaying a series of still images in sequence

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The World Wide Web• Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound

– Compressed to reduce file size

• You listen to audio on your computer using a player

• Streaming is the process of transferring data in a continuous and

even flow

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Audio Web File Formats

Format Description Format Description

AAC Advanced Audio Coding WAV Window waveform

AIFF Audio Interchange File Format WMA Windows Media Audio

(part of Windows Media framework)

ASF Advanced Streaming (or Systems) Format

(part of Windows Media framework)

RA RealAudio sound file

(supported by RealPlayer)

MP3 Moving Pictures Experts Group Audio Layer 3

(MPEG-3)

QT QuickTime audio, video, or 3-D animation

Ogg Free, unpatented audio and video format

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The World Wide Web• Video consists of full-motion images that are

played back at various speeds

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The World Wide Web• Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers to

simulate a real or imagined environment that

appears as a three-dimensional space

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The World Wide Web•

A plug-in is a program that extends the capability of a Web browser

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Popular Plug-Ins

Plug-In Application Description Web Address

Acrobat Reader View, navigate, and print Portable Document Format (PDF) files –

documents formatted to look just as they look in printadobe.com

Flash Player View dazzling graphics and animation, hear outstanding sound and

music, display Web pages across an entire screen adobe.com

Java Enable Web browser to run programs written in Java, which add

interactivity to Web pages java.com

QuickTime View animation, music, audio, video, and VR panoramas, and objects

directly on a Web pageapple.com

RealPlayer

Listen to live and on-demand near CD-quality audio and newscast-

quality video, stream audio and video content for faster viewing, play

MP3 files, create music CDs

real.com

Shockwave Player Experience dynamic interactive multimedia, 3-D graphics, and

streaming audioadobe.com

Silverlight Experience high-definition video, high resolution interactive

multimedia, and streaming audio and videomicrosoft.com

Windows Media Player Listen to live and on-demand audio, play or edit WMA and MP3 files,

burn CDs and watch DVD moviesmicrosoft.com

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The World Wide Web• Web publishing is the development and

maintenance of Web pages

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Plan aWeb site

Analyzeand

design aWeb site

Create aWeb site

Deploy aWeb site

Maintaina Web

site

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Other Internet Services• E-mail is the

transmission of messages and filesvia a computernetwork

• An e-mail program allows you to create,send, receive,forward, store, print,and delete e-mailmessages

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Other Internet Services• A mailing list is a group of e-mail names and addresses

given a single name

– Subscribing adds your e-mail name and address

–

Unsubscribing removes your name

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Other Internet Services• Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internet

communications service

40Page 104Figure 2-29

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Other Internet Services• A chat is a real-time

typed conversationthat takes place ona computer

• A chat room is alocation on anInternet server thatpermits users tochat with eachother

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Other Internet Services

• A newsgroup is an

online area in

which users have

written discussions

about a particular

subject

–Typically requires anewsreader

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Other Internet Services

• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard

that permits file uploading and downloading with

other computers on the Internet

• Many operating systems include FTP capabilities

• An FTP server is a computer that allows users to

upload and/or download files using FTP

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Netiquette•

Netiquette is the code of acceptable Internet behavior NETIQUETTE – Golden Rule: Treat others as you would like them to treat you.

1. In e-mail, chat rooms, and newsgroups”

• Keep messages brief. Use proper grammar, spelling, and

punctuation.

• Be careful when using sarcasm and humor, as it might be

misinterpreted.

• Be polite. Avoid offensive language.• Read the message before you send it.

• Use meaningful subject lines.

• Avoid sending or posting flames, which are abusive or

insulting messages. Do not participate in flame wars, which

are exchanges of flames.

• Avoid sending spam, which is the internet’s version of junk

mail. Spam is an unsolicited e-mail messages or news group

posting sent to many recipients or newsgroups at once.

• Do not use all capital letters, which is the equivalent of

SHOUTING!

• Use emoticons to express emoticon. Popular emoticons

include

:) Smile :| Indifference :0 Surprised

:( Frown :\ Undecided

• Use abbreviations and acronyms for

phrases:

btw by the way

imho in my humble opinion

fyi for your information

ttfn ta ta for nowfwiw for what it’s worth

tyvm thank you very much

• Clearly identify a spoiler, which is a

message that reveals a solution to a

game or ending to a movie or program.

2. Read the FAQ (frequently asked

questions), if one exists. Many

newsgroups and Web pages have an FAQ.

3. Do not assume material is accurate or up-

to-date. Be forgiving of other’s mistakes.

4. Never read someone’s private e-mail.

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