T14-1 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Chapter 14

Fertilizers

T14-2 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Objectives

• Distinguish forms of fertilizers• Describe fertilizer sources for each

nutrient• Perform important fertilizer calculations• Describe how to use fertilizers• List two effects fertilizers have on the soil

T14-3 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Terms to Know• Banding• Broadcasting• Calcium carbonate

equivalent• Chelates• Complete fertilizers• Fertigating• Fertilizer• Fertilizer analysis

• Fertilizer burn• Fertilizer filler• Fertilizer grade• Fertilizer ratio• Fluid fertilizers• Foliar feeding• Fritted trace elements• Granules

(continued)

T14-4 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Terms to Know

• Mixed fertilizers• Nutrient carriers• Pop-up fertilizers• Pressurized liquid• Prills• Pulverized fertilizers• Sidedressing• Split application• Starter fertilizer• Topdressing

T14-5 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Fertilizers

Figure 14-1

T14-6 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Fertilizers

• Pressurized liquids

Figure 14-2

T14-7 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Fertilizers

• Fluid fertilizers

• Dry fertilizers

• Slow-release fertilizers

T14-8 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Fertilizer Materials

• Nitrogen carriers (See Figures 14-4, 14-5, 14-6)• Phosphorus carriers (See Figures 14-8, 14-9)• Potassium carriers (See Figure 14-11)• Secondary elements (See Figure 14-12)• Trace elements (See Figure 14-13)

T14-9 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Figure 14-4

Fertilizer Materials

T14-10 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Figure 14-5

Fertilizer Materials

T14-11 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Figure 14-6

Fertilizer Materials

T14-12 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Figure 14-8

Fertilizer Materials

T14-13 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Figure 14-9

Figure 14-11

Fertilizer Materials

T14-14 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Figure 14-12

Fertilizer Materials

T14-15 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Figure 14-13

Fertilizer Materials

T14-16 Soil Science & Management, 4E

• Fertilizer analysis and grade

Figure 14-14

Mixed Fertilizers

T14-17 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Mixed Fertilizers• Contents of fertilizers• Fertilizer ratio • Elements and oxides • Calculations for blending

T14-18 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Selecting Fertilizer

• Factors that influence fertilizer selection:

– Crop

– Time of year

– Application method

– Cost

T14-19 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Applying Fertilizer

Figure 14-15

T14-20 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Applying Fertilizer

• Fertilizing before planting– Broadcasting– Soil injection

• Fertilizing at planting– Banding

Figure 14-17

T14-21 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Applying Fertilizer

• Pop-up fertilizers– Transplant solutions

• Fertilizing after planting– Topdressing– Sidedressing– Fertigation– Foliar feeding

T14-22 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Applying Fertilizer

• Horticultural fertilization

T14-23 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Fertilizer Effects on Soils

• Effects of fertilizer on soil pH

• Effects of fertilizer on soluble salts

T14-24 Soil Science & Management, 4E

Summary• Fertilizer is substance used to supply essential

elements– Finely ground minerals, natural or synthetic

organic materials, and inorganic chemicals– Fertilizers come in different forms:

• Dry• Fluid• Slow-release• Mixed

–Nitrogen, phosphate, and potash