t. csörgő @ ecfa debrecen, 2006/10/06 1 t. csörgő mta kfki rmki, budapest, hungary hungary in...

T. Csörgő @ ECFA Debrecen, 2006/10/061

T. CsörgőMTA KFKI RMKI, Budapest, Hungary

Hungary in PHENIX at RHIC, BNL

and TOTEM at LHC, CERN

•A Hungarian team in PHENIX - milestones and achievements:

RHIC Scientists serve up “Perfect Liquid”, April 18, 2005

BRAHMS, PHENIX, PHOBOS, STAR White Papers, NPA, 2005

AIP Top Physics Story 2005

Hungarian chronology and results in PHENIX

•Perfect fluids: analysing and understanding the observations

• Exact (i.e. not numerical) integrals of fluid dynamics

• Evidence for hydrodynamic scaling in RHIC data

• A fluid of quarks at RHIC

• Projected time schedule and manpower

• Investment to forward physics & future: Hungary & TOTEM at LHC


Location of PHENIX experiment: BNL

RHIC: Relativistic Heavy Ion (and polarized proton) Collider

Au+Au @ Ecms(NN) = 200 GeV (also at 130 , 62.4 and 19.6 GeV)Au+Au, Cu+Cu, pp+pp, d+Au collisions4 experiments:

BRAHMS, PHENIX, PHOBOS, STAR

Hungarian institutional participation: PHENIX

Clearly defined upgrade programmes: PHENIX HBD; RHIC-II, eRHIC

“RHIC has a bright future”

“RHIC likely will survive the next decade”

(~ 2020) (S. Aronson, BNL Director, Oct/3/06)

Approved Approved upgrades:upgrades:


PHENIX

• photons, electrons muons and hadrons

• Investigates all stages of the reaction

• Penetrating probes: early state of the reaction

• Hadrons


1st milestone: new phenomena

Suppression of high pt particle production in Au+Au collisions at RHIC


2nd milestone: new form of matter

d+Au: no suppression

Its not the nuclear effect

on the structure functions

Au+Au:

new form of matter !


3rd milestone: Top Physics Story 2005

http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-ex/0410003http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-ex/0410003


T. Cs. Fulbright Advanced Research Award (1998)theoretical physics w M. Gyulassy, Columbia Uni.+ initiation of a PHENIX group in Hungary with

W.A.Zajc, PHENIX Spokesperson (Columbia Uni.) and with J. Zimányi (1931 - 2006)

Head, Science Council, KFKI RMKI1998-1999: Fundraising period2000- : Hungarian contributions to PHENIX started: ZDC Pisa simulation, contribution to centrality determination (A. Ster, KFKI RMKI/MFA)

P. Tarján, V. Veszprémi (Debrecen) contribution to PHENIX EMCal quality

assurance, calibrations, lead by G. David2002: Memorandum of Understanding signed:

between PHENIX Experiment, Physics Department of BNL, Debrecen University, ELTE University and KFKI RMKI, Budapest

2006: Memorandum of Understanding between PHENIX and PHENIX-Hungary Institutions has been extended till 2011

Hungarian chronology in PHENIX


Cutting edge advantage: Extended MoU with PHENIX: no running cost!KFKI RMKI: 3 faculty + 1 studentELTE group: 1 faculty + 2 studentsDebrecen: 0 faculty + 1 visiting prof + 2 grad. students + 2 othersPHENIX: production mode, exciting live physics

/TOTEM: building up, investment nature/in both cases: theoretical activity, desire to understand results.

Unique nature of the group: students are trained both in theoryand in experiment and have to be able to prepare papers in both.2006: fundraising2007-2011: PHENIX data taking shifts, data analysis2007-2008: TOTEM DAQ (*)2008- TOTEM data taking and analysis (*)PHENIX upgrades: interested but no funds for thisElectronics, PHENIX DAQ: sameData production: sameSoftware infrastructure and analysis: PHENIX-Hungary cluster

38 CPU-s, used for simulations in Global/Hadron PWG, PPG05Shortage of funds in Hungary (OTKA/government budget problem):

limits manpower, most serious riskUpgrade plans for PHENIX-Hu: computing+grid, proposals submitted

Hu in PHENIX: chronology projection - 2011


PHENIX Hungary and summary of contributions:

12 Hungarian authors and three Hu Institutions on PHENIX review paper (White Paper, Nucl, Phys, A (2005). By now:

SLAC Spires famous paper, AIP Top Physics Story in 2005

Debrecen University (mentor prof. P. Raics):

Dávid Gábor (BNL/Debrecen) founder of the group, 1996- . Founding member of PHENIX: design, fund raising, construction, operation, data taking and analysis. Important discovery: suppression of high pt 0 production in central Au+Au collisions (2001). Cover page of PRL and top-cited paper at RHIC. In the control experiment d+Au the suppression of high pt particle production is not seen (2003), hence new form of matter is created in Au+Au collisions at RHIC.

Author of several analysis notes, group leader in PHENIX. Visited Hungary during his holidays, at various times on his budget. Trained several Debrecen students who contributed significantly to EMCal related observations in PHENIX. A need for local PHENIX team leader .


Debrecen PhD Students

Péter Tarján (PhD?), József Imrek,

V. Veszprémi, Róbert Vértesi (PhD)

Experts of PHENIX EMCal, contibuted to neutral pion spectra in 200 GeV-es Au+Au. Authors of a number if analysis notes.

EMcalorimter: improvement and modernization of its simulatiions and calibrations. Contributions to observation of direct gamma production by quarks. Important contributions to fast Monte-Carlo of hadronic gamma production, needed to reconstruct direct photons below 6 GeV. Reconstruction and timing: contribution to 11 PHENIX papers in 2005.

Note: all pictures taken during PHENIX data taking runs (run3-run6)


Contributions from ELTE: Excellent students

Máté Csanád: PHENIX ZDC on-line and off-line calibration, HBT and spectrum analysis, contributed to the recongnition of perfect fluid picture, Fulbright Student Award to SUNY at Stony Brook. PHENIX preliminary two and three-particle correlation function measurement, paper preparation for the perfect fluid of quarks (PPG062) paper (PhD).

Ádám Kiss: PHENIX Institutional Board member for ELTE, fund raising, student training.

M. Nagy: Monte-Carlo Simulations for PHENIX imaging paper (PPG052) and analysis of Lévy stable correlations (MSc). Improvement on Bjorken energy density estimation: a factor of 2 higher densities!


KFKI RMKI - centrality and self-similarity of flow

Csörgő, Tamás Organization of PHENIX-Hu team (1998-2002). Internal PHENIX analysis notes. Collaboration with researchers from Columbia (Zajc) and SUNY at Stony Brook (Lacey). Contributions to imaging, HBT, spectra, v2 analysis. Search for chiral symmetry restoration (preliminary data). Fundraising (OTKA, MTA-NSF-OTKA, NATO, Fulbright, BNL, ...)

Hidas, Pál: Shifts, ZDC calibration, monitoring, correlation studies

Ster, András: PHENIX ZDC on-line and off-line calibrations, spectator clasterization, PISA integration, HBT and spectrum analysis. First, individual PHENIX participant from Hungary. A PHENIX-Hungary PC cluster: fundraising, installation, software (PhD).

Sziklai János: A PHENIX PC cluster hardver maintanence and software upgrades with help from M. Purschke, BNL. Fundraising for the development of cluster (project coordinator).

Zimányi József+: OTKA fund raising - first successfull attempt. Self-similar hydro picture and quark coalescence picture (theory).

+ R. Vértesi: now finishing his PhD at KFKI RMKI.


Member of Good Standing (MGS) qualifications annuallyNote: we require one year 50 % time devotion, before MGS status. we leave out people who do not contribute, after ~1 year.

2000-2002: A. Ster: individual participant2003- :Debrecen University, ELTE and KFKI RMKI are institutional members of the PHENIX Collaboration (IB approval)

Participation: Debrecen mainly in PHENIX foton physics working group ELTE and KFKI: PHENIX hadrons physics work group

Cumulative PHENIX papers, and citations 69 SLAC SPIRES papers, 3782 citations (MGS run1-run5)

T. Cs’s PHENIX papers and citations (typical example): 16 SLAC SPIRES papers, 622 citations (MGS run3-run5)

A visible group recognition within PHENIX:PHENIX Collaboration Meeting, Debrecen, Hungary, August 1-3, 2005, cca 100 participants

(Co-chairs: P.Raics, D.Gabor, secretary P. Tarján)

Hungarians and PHENIX publications


PHENIX: A collaboration of 430-550 authors (depending on run) 76 SLAC SPIRES PHENIX papers with Hungarian participation.

Our contribution was different for the different papers,the followings give an approximate qualification:

Participation in planning, simulations, data taking: 1 publications

Participation in data taking only: 11 publications

Participation in: data taking, Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC)simulation and online monitoring code development, contributions to centrality determination: 55 publications

Participation in:data taking, ZDC simulation and online monitoring,and in the formulation of the manuscript: 6 publications

Contributions in:data taking, ZDC simulation and online monitoring, data analysis, PHENIX preliminary data,

presentation of the preliminary data at conferences,participation in Paper Preparation Group or InternalReview Committees 3 publications

Hungarians and PHENIX papers


Debrecen GroupG. David(BNL): Visiting professor, voluntary teacherAddicitive 1-week intensive courses annually at Debrecen, 1998 - 2006P. Tarján:

PHENIX Focus Seminar on EMCal, 2004 (internal training)

ELTE Group:M. Csanád: How to measure Hanbury Brown-Twiss ?

PHENIX Focus Seminar 2005

KFKI Group:T. Csörgő:voluntary teaching at ELTE„Big Bang in the Laboratory”„Quantum Statistical Correlations in High Energy Physics”„Experimental techniques in High Energy Particle and Heavy Ion Physics”- special courses at the ELTE University aimed at MSc and PhD Studentssince about 2000, 2-3 courses annually.

„The Perfect Fluid at RHIC” - PHENIX Focus Seminar 2006

Organization of the Budapest RHIC Winter School on Heavy Ion PhysicsT. Csörgő + Students, 2001 - annually (2001 - 2005)

Invitation: 6th Budapest Winter School, December 4-7, 2006,to be named after Jozsó Zimányi (experiment & theory)

PHENIX Hungary and Education


Top Story: Relativistic Perfect Fluid at RHIC

A new family of exact solutions: T. Cs, M. I. Nagy, M. Csanád: nucl-th/0605070

Overcomes two shortcomings of Bjorken’s solution:Finite Rapidity distribution ~ Landau’s solution

Includes relativistic acceleration

in 1+1 and 1+3 spherically symmetric


Animation of the new exact solution

nucl-th/0605070dimensionless = 21+1 dboth internaland externallooks like A+A


M. Csanád-> fits to BRAHMS dn/d datadn/d widths yields correction factors of ~ 2.0 - 2.2

Yields inital energy density of 10- 30 GeV/fm^3

a correction of 0/Bj ~ 2 as compared to PHENIX White Paper!

nucl-th/0605070: advanced estimate of


Universal, perfect fluid scaling of v2

Black line:Theoretically predicted, universalscaling functionfrom analytic workson perfect fluid hydrodynamics:

12

0

( )

( )

I wv

I w

hep-ph/0108067, nucl-th/0310040


Searched for QGP, found a fluid of quarks

Universal hydro scaling breakswhere scaling with number of

VALENCE QUARKSsets in, pt ~ 1-2 GeV

Fluid of QUARKS!!

R. Lacey and M. Oldenburg, proc. QM’05A. Taranenko, M. Csanád, T. Cs, M. Nagy PHENIX Coll: nucl-ex/0608033


Understanding the perfect fluid @ RHIC

New exact solutions of 3d nonrelativistic hydrodynamics: Hydro problem equivalent to potential motion (a shot)!

Hydro: Shooting of an arrow:Desription of data Hitting the target

Initial conditions (IC) Initial position and velocity

Equations of state Strength of the potential

Freeze-out (FC) Position of the target

Data constrain EOS Hitting the target tells about the potential (?)

Different IC lead to Different archers can

exactly the same FC hit target simultaneously (!)

EoS and IC can co-vary Initial conditions can be

co-varied with the potential

Universal scaling of v2 In a perfect shot, the shape

of trajectory (parabola)Viscosity effects Drag force of air


Prize of Hungarian Academy of Sciences - Cs. T., 2006Physics prize of the Section on Physics,

Hung. Acad. Sci. - Cs. T., 2000

US-Hungarian Fulbright Foundation for Educational ExchangeStudent Fellowship - R. Vértesi, Debrecen/KFKI RMKI, 2006Student Fellowship - M. Csanád, ELTE, 2005Alumni Initiatives Award - Cs. T., KFKI RMKI, 2001

World Federation of Scientists, E. Majorana Center for Scientific Culture, Erice, Italy (G. ‘t Hooft and A. Zichichi)

P.A.M. Dirac Diploma - M. Csanád, 2006V.N. Gribov Diploma - M. Csanád, 2005

1st prize in Hungarian Ortvay competition of physics students: - M. Nagy (2004) ELTE University: Best Physics Scientific student study (TDK 1st prize) - M. Nagy (2005)

„There is a long tradition of outstanding science by Hungarian physicists, and there should be no surprise that this has also been true in the rapidly developing and very exciting field of relativistic heavy ion physics. ” W. A. Zajc, PHENIX Spokesperson, August 2005 (QM’05, MTA News & Views)

„The addition of all the Hungarian institutions to PHENIX has been very stimulating, and it is gratifying to know that the future will continue this trend.”

W. A. Zajc, PHENIX Spokesperson, July 7, 2006 ([email protected])

Honors to Hungarian PHENIX participants


The KFKI & ELTE PHENIX group: Zero Degree Calorimeter as detector responsibility

active both in p+p and in A+A physics at RHIC

T. Csörgő: Secretary of the Board of EldersInternational Symposium of Multiparticle Dynamics (ISMD)

traditional topics: diffraction, soft physics,cosmic rays, correlations and fluctuations etc

Interest in TOTEM/LHC physics:diffractive Higgs productionnew domain of QCD- color glass condensate?quantum optical models, Glauber/Gribov total cross sections

TOTEM is the smallest approved LHC experimentit covers the broadest rapidity range

when combined with CMSno Hungarian team yet in TOTEMbig discovery potential based on knowncosmic ray observations (JACEE, CENTAURO)

Collaboration is on a human scale(~ 60 people on the TOTEM TDR)Connection to soft physics (attractive for our group)

Investment to FUTURE: Hungary and TOTEM


Totem-Hungary connections establishedExpression of Interest submitted by T. Cs,approved by TOTEM Spokesperson K. Eggert andTotem Collaboration board spring 2006

Strong negotiations concerning the price of the projectwere successfull

Grant proposals in place (2006 spring, fall)Current activity:

Visit of TOTEM Spokesperson to Hungary (November 2006)

New possibility of Hungarian participation in LHC physicswindow still open on contributing to TOTEM DAQuniquely forward detector:big discovery potential based onthe observed unusual cosmic ray eventsa new possibility for Hungarianstudents of physics, relatively modest cost

Matches well our forward physics activity and participationin p+p physics studies at RHIC

Might provide unique, new opportunity for Hungarian engineers and industry to deliver new productsto a new CERN LHC experiment

TOTEM project- time lines


T1:3.1 << 4.7

T2: 5.3 < < 6.5

T1 T2 CASTOR (CMS)

RP1 (147 m) RP2 (180 m) RP3 (220 m)

TOTEM Experimental apparatus


• Current models predict for

14 TeV: 90 – 130 mb• Aim of TOTEM: ~ 1%

accuracy

Luminosity independent method:

Total p-p Cross-Section

COMPETE Collaboration:

inelel

ttot NN

dtdN

0

2

)/(

1

16

02

2

1

16L

t

tot dt

dN

inelasticelastictot NN L

Optical Theorem

COMPETE Collaboration fits all available hadronic data and predicts at LHC:

mb 1.41.2

2.1 5.111 tot

[PRL 89 201801 (2002)]


TOTEM+CMS Physics: Diffractive Events

X

XDoublePomeronExchange

-Triggered by leading proton and seen in CMS-Central production of states X: X = c, b, Higgs, dijets, SUSY particles, ...

Measure > 90% of leading protons with RPs and diffractive system ‘X’ with T1, T2 and CMS.


TOTEM Processes, 28 units of rapidity w. CMS

2

22 '

p

pp

P

p1

p2p2’

X d/dproton:p2’

diffractive system Xrapidity gap =–ln

min 0ln(2pL/pT)max

Measure leading proton ( x) and rapidity gap ( test gap survival).

Single Diffraction:

2=– ln 1=– ln

p1

p2 p2’

p1’

PMX

2 = s

P

X

diffractive system Xproton:p2’

proton:p1’

rapidity gaprapidity gap

min max

Double Pomeron Exchange:

Measure leading protons ( x1, x2) and compare with MX, Dh1, Dh2

MX2 = s


The KFKI & ELTE TOTEM team: T. Csörgő, M. Csanád, A. Ster, J. Sziklai + studentsHardware responsibility: TOTEM DAQ (Sziklai + Ster + ...)theoretical collaboration agreement with J. Nyiri + V.V. Anisovich, L. Frankfurt, V.A. Khoze, E. Levin, M. Ryskin and M. Strikman,- Joint interest (PHENIX + TOTEM): impact parameterdependence of p+p collisions at RHIC and at LHCe.g. testing the existence and values of elliptic flow in p+p collisions- measuring Total cross section, beam luminosity,elastic cross section and diffractive dissociation- comparative study of black disc limit of QCDand color glass condensate formation in p+p collisions at BNL RHIC and at CERN LHC

Other interesting TOTEM/LHC physics topics:- participation in DCC search (T. Cs.), - correlations at forward rapidities, using TOTEM (T. Cs, T.Novák), - search in TOTEM for partial coherence using correlation techniques (T. Cs., M. Csanád), a search for QCD Fullerenes in double pomeron exchange at TOTEM/CMS (T.Cs, M. Csanád+students). - large rapidity gap events (S. Hegyi+ T. Cs.)

Theoretical connection: prediction of diffractive production of Higgs (Bialas) double diffractive production of QCD Fullerenes: T. Cs, M. Gyulassy, D. Kharzeev, J.Phys.G30:L17-L25,2004

Hungary and TOTEM - physics plan


Proposed/Existing Resources Outstanding PhD students -

attracted by outstanding physics topicscurrently 2+2+2 students in the group

Need funding on a modest level. Funded till 1st half of 2007.

New postdoc, TOTEM: T. Novák (from L3)

Running cost of PHENIX: 0 for HungaryConstruction cost of PHENIX: 0 for Hungary

Entry cost in TOTEM: very good offer received2007: 50 kCHF2008: 50 kCHF2009: 20 kCHF

Possibility of higher level participation in TOTEM- outsourcing DAQadditional cost: travel to data taking + collab. meetings

both at CERN and at BNL + theory


GOLDEN OPPORTUNITIES for Hungarian Heavy Ion and Particle Physicists

in particular for OUTSTANDING PhD students

Hungarian participation in PHENIX at RHIC:

a success story

extended by PHENIX/BNL management till 2011

Hungarian contributions to

evidence for a perfect fluid in Au+Au at RHIC

new: degrees of freedom

FLUID OF QUARKS seen but a PLASMA OF QUARKS and GLUONS

New project for TOTEM at LHC:

Connection established, Letter of Intents at place,

Fundraising started,

the most forward physics at LHC

matches well forward (ZDC) physics at RHIC

cosmic ray connection- a new domain of QCD.


Backup slides from now on


TOTEM Running Scenarios

1.15 x 1011(0.6 - 1.15) x 1011

1.15 x 10110.3 x 1011N of part. per bunch

~ 0.5 1032

1.7

270

3.75

150

2808

170

4hard

diffraction

(under study)

2.4 x 1029

0.29 - 0.57

454 - 880

1 - 3.75

0

156

1540

3diffraction

3.6 x 10321.6 x 1028Peak luminosity

[cm-2 s-1]

5.280.29RMS beam diverg.

[rad]

95454RMS beam size at IP

[m]

3.751Transv. norm. emitt. [m

rad]

1600Half crossing angle

[rad]

280843N of bunches

181540* [m]

2large |t| elastic

1low |t| elastic,

tot ,

min. bias, soft diffraction

ScenarioPhysics:

t. csörgő @ ecfa debrecen, 2006/10/06 1 t. csörgő mta kfki rmki, budapest, hungary hungary in...

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