system parameters and performance cdma-2000, w-cdma (umts), gsm 900, wlan 802.11a, wlan 802.11b,...
TRANSCRIPT
System parameters and performance
CDMA-2000, W-CDMA (UMTS), GSM 900, WLAN 802.11a, WLAN
802.11b, Bluetooth.
By Øystein Taskjelle
Bluetooth
• Based on IEEE 802.15 WPAN
• Short range communication between devices.• Typically implemented in cellphones, laptops and data equiptment like threadless mouse &
keyboard.
• Operates in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz ISM band.• ISM: Industrial, Scientific, Medical.
• Uses two modulation modes.• Base Rate
– Mandatory
– Uses shaped binary FM modulation to minimize transceiver comeplexity.
• Enhanced Data Rate
– Optional– Uses phase shift keying, PSK (pi/4-DPSK and 8DPSK).
References: [1][2]
Bluetooth
• The gross data air rate iso Base rate: 1 Mbpso EDR pi/4-DPSK: 2 Mbpso EDR 8DPSK: 3 Mbps
• TDD
• Power classes
References: [1][2]
Class Max range [m] Max output power [dBm]3 1 02 10 41 100 20
Bluetooth power classes
Bluetooth frequency band
• Specifics for frequency band:o Spectrum: 2400 - 2483.5 MHzo Lower guard band: 2 MHzo Upper guard band: 3.5 MHzo Channel spacing: 1 MHzo Number of channels: 79, numbered with 0-78
References: [1][2]
Bluetooth
The receiver sensitivity shall be below or equal to –70 dBm with any Bluetooth transmitter.– The actual sensitivity level is defined as the input level for which a raw bit error rate (BER) of 0.1% is met.
References: [1][2]
Shannoncapacity formulaC=B∗log21SNR
SNR=2CB
−1
Power class 1Max ouput power=20 dBmB=1000000 HzC=3000000 bps
SNR=231−1=7
SNRdb=10∗log107=8.45dB
Sensitivity
IEEE 802.11b-1999
• Used as a wireless alternative to wired LAN• Range outdoor up to 106 meters• Frequency: 2400-2483.5 MHz (ISM).• Channels: 13 in Europe (1-13). 5 MHz spacing, start at 2412, end at 2472.• Channel bandwidth: 22 MHz.• Channel 1, 6 and 11 does not interfer with each other. • Data rate: from 1 – 11 Mbps
References: [3][17]
IEEE 802.11b-1999
References: [3][4][17]
Shannoncapacity formulaB=22000 000 HzC=11 000 000 bps
SNR=22211
−1=0.41
SNRdb=10∗log100.41=−3.83dB
• Used as a wireless alternative to wired LAN• Range outdoor up to 106 meters• Frequency: 2400-2483.5 MHz (ISM).• Channels: 13 in Europe (1-13). 5 MHz spacing, start at 2412, end at 2472.• Channel bandwidth: 22 MHz.• Channel 1, 6 and 11 does not interfer with each other. • Data rate: from 1 – 11 Mbps
IEEE 802.11b-1999
The standardSensitivity Input level of –76 dBm measured at the antenna connector.
– The frame error ratio (FER) shall be less than 0.08 at a PSDU length of 1024 octets.
Output power18.4.7.1 Transmit power levelsMaximum output power:100mW = 20dBm (EIRP)
Example 3Com® Wireless 11a/b/g PCI Adapter,
– product #: 3CRDAG675B.
Sensitivity 802.11b:
• 11 Mbps: -86 dBm• 5.5 Mbps: -88 dBm• 2 Mbps: -91 dBm• 1 Mbps: -93 dBm
Output power802.11b/11g: 17 dBm
References: [3][4][5]
IEEE 802.11a-1999
Band (Ghz)
200 mW / 23 dBm
36 518040 5200
44 522048 5240
200 mW / 23 dBm
52 526056 5280
60 530064 5320
1000 mW / 30 dBm
98 5490
102 5510106 5530
110 5550114 5570
118 5590122 5610
126 5630130 5650
134 5670138 5690
142 5710
4000 mW / 36 dBm149 5745
153 5765
5815-5850 - -
Maximum output power (Norway)
Operating channel numbers
Channel center frequencies
(Mhz)
5150-5250(30 Mhz guard – lower)
Only lower guard band as stated in IEEE Std 802.11a-1999(R2003).
5250-5350(30 Mhz guard – upper)
Only upper guard band as stated in IEEE Std 802.11a-1999(R2003).
5470-5725(20 Mhz
guard - lower and upper)
Not mentioned in IEEE Std 802.11a-1999(R2003), but NPT allows this
band as WLAN 5 Ghz.
5725-5795(20 Mhz
guard - lower and upper)
Only two channels due to lower and upper guard band as stated in IEEE Std
802.11a-1999(R2003).
No bandwidth left for channels due to guard bands?
Channel bandwidth: 16.6 MHz
References: [4][6]
IEEE 802.11a-1999
48 subcarriers * 6 bits = 288
3/4 * 288 bits per symbol = 216 data bits per symbol
References: [6]
IEEE 802.11a-1999
Sensitivity
6 -82 -87
9 -81 -86
12 -79 -85
18 -77 -83
24 -74 -79
36 -70 -76
48 -66 -71
54 -65 -70
Data rate (Mbps)
Minimum sensitivity from
standards (dBm)
Sensitivity example from 3COM Wireless PCI Adapter (dBm)
References: [5][6]
IEEE 802.11a-1999
References: [6]
Shannoncapacity formulaB=16 600 000 HzC=54 000 000 bps
SNR=2540160
−1=8.53
SNRdb=10∗log108.53=9.31dB
IEEE 802.11a-1999Why use 11a over 11b/g?
Interference– 11b/g uses 2.4 GHz
– alot of 2.4 GHz devices sold commercial
– a heavily used bandwidth
– 11b/g has only three non-interfering channels
– 11a advantage: uses 5 GHz that is not interfering with 2.4 GHz
– 11a has alot of non-interfering channels
Throughput
– 11b – only 11 Mbps totalt throughput with highest modulation
11a is more secure due to weaker penetration capabilities of the 5 GHz vs 2.4 GHz
Why should you not use 11a?
Costs– Lower range due to frequency
– More expensive devices
– Less devices
– Expensive deployment
GSM900
GSM900 is a cellular network in the 900 MHz band.
The following frequencies were originally assigned for GSM900:• 890 – 915 MHz for uplink (mobile transmitting,
base station receiving)• 935 – 960 MHz for downlink (base station transmitting,
mobile station receiving)
Further on the specifications are:• The duplex separation is 45 MHz• Carrier spacing is 200 KHz• 124 carriers in the available bandwidth
The channel width highest frequency is used as upper band guard.
References: [11][12][13][18]
GSM900
References: [12]
Shannoncapacity formulaB=200 000 HzC=270833 bps
SNR=2540160
−1=1.5565
SNRdb=10∗log101.5565 =1.92 dB
GSM900
References: [12][18]
Mobile station Base station
Powerclass
GMSK Modulation Normal BTS1 - 1 320 - (< 640) W2 8W/39dBm 2 160 - (< 320) W3 5W/37 dBm 3 80 - (<160) W4 2W/33dBm 4 40 - (<80) W5 0.8W/29dBm 5 20 - (<40) W
8-PSK modulation 6 10 - (<20) WE1 33dBm 7 5 - (<10) WE2 27dBm 8 2.5 - (<5) WE3 23dBm Micro
M1 (> 19) – 24 dBmM2 (> 14) – 19 dBmM3 (> 9) – 14 dBm
PicoP1 (>13) – 20 dBm
Max ouput power
TRX power class
Max output power
Output power Sensitivity
BTS
Normal -104 dBm
Micro M1 -97 dBm
Micro M2 -92 dBm
Micro M3 -87 dBm
Pico P1 -88 dBm
Handset (mobile station)Sensitivity -102 dBm
CDMA-2000 Revision B
CDMA-2000 is used as wireless broadband.– Norway, Ice.net uses 450 MHz-band with CDMA-2000 technology.
– One can use USB-dongles or APs to connect to the network.
Frequencies– CDMA-2000 Rev B supports a varity of frequency bands.
– 18 different bands with numbering from 0 to 17.
My presentation– Ice.net's network in Norway.
– Band Class 5 - 450 Mhz
Ice.net uses Revision A at present time, the implementation of Rev B has started and is supposed to be in use by 2009 (www.ice.net - Fakta om Ice.net.pdf).
References: [7][8][9][10][11]
CDMA-2000 Revision B
Ice.net frequencies
• 452.5-457.5 MHz• 462.5-467.5 MHz
This matches the subclass 0, Block designator A.
References: [7]
CDMA-2000 Revision B
Ice.net frequencies
• 452.5-457.5 MHz• 462.5-467.5 MHz
This matches the subclass 0, Block designator A. Can either user• spreading rate 1, channel
bandwidth of 1.23 MHz.• spreading rate 3, channel
bandwidth of 3.69 MHz.
References: [7][10]
CDMA-2000 Revision B
Ice.net frequencies
• 452.5-457.5 MHz• 462.5-467.5 MHz
This matches the subclass 0, Block designator A. Can either user• spreading rate 1, channel
bandwidth of 1.23 MHz.• spreading rate 3, channel
bandwidth of 3.69 MHz.
Table 2.1.6-5 show the preferred channel numbers to use.
Handset: f = 0.025 (N – 1) + 450Base station: f = 0.025 (N – 1) + 460Where N = channel number
References: [7][10]
CDMA-2000 Revision B
References: [7][10]
Maximum througput stated by Ice.net
Downlink has a maximum throughput of 14.7 MbpsUplink has a maximum throughput of 5.4 Mbps
WCDMA
WCDMA, Wideband Code Divison Multiplex Access- also known as UMTS.- wireless third generation cellular network.- one can use cellphones with integrated WCDMA or USB-dongles to connect to the networks.
Basestations uses the same frequencies and sends at the same time. CDMA differs the connections with induvidual codes. Due too the frequency sharing one can expect high noise ratio.
WCDMA
Channel bandwidth
• 5 Mhz
Channel spacing
• 200 KHz
Power control
• TDD max: 125 mW
• FDD max: 250 mW
Sensitivity
• Handset: -117 dBm
Frequencies for UMTS in Norway regulated by NPT Authority.
References: [11][13][14][15]]
FDD Uplink
FDD Downlink
TDD
WCDMA
Maximum througput for WCDMA is 128 kbps uplink and 384 kbps downlink.
References: [16]
Shannoncapacity formulaB=5 000 000 HzC=384 000 bps
SNR=23845000
−1=0.05
SNRdb=10∗log100.05 =−12.62 dB
Comparison tableBluetooth WLAN 802.11a GSM 900 CDMA 2000 W-CDMA (UMTS)
Uplink 890-915 MHz 452.5-457.5 Mhz
Downlink 935-960 MHz 462.5-467.5 MHz
Channel bandwidth 1MHz 22 MHz 16.6 MHz 200 KHz 1.23 MHz 5 MHz
79 13 124
Datarate 1-3 Mbps 1-11 Mbps 6-54 Mbps
Transmit power handset 20 dBm
Shannon SNRdb 8.45 dB -3.83 dB 9.31 dB 1.92 dB -12.62 dB
Range
Sensitivity handset -70 dBm -76 dBm -102 dBm -117 dBm
WLAN 802.11b
Operating frequency
2400-2483.5 Mhz
2400-2483.5 Mhz
5150-5350, 5470-5795,
5815-5850 MHz
Netcom: 1920.3 – 1935.5 MHz
Netcom: 2110.3 – 2125.3 MHz
Number of channels /carriers
10~22 (depending on which country)
270833 bps per carrier
DL: 14.7 Mbps, UL: 5.4 Mbps
DL: 384 kbps, UL: 128 kbps
0, 4 or 20 dBm
23-36 dBm depending on frequency (in
Norway)
MS: 23-39 dBm depending on
powerclass and modulation
TDD: 125 mW, FDD: 250 mW
1-100 meters
< 106 meters outdoor
-82 to -65 dBm depending on
rate
References[1] [1]
[2] [2]
[3] [3]
[4] [4]
[5] [5]
[6] [6]
[7] [7]
[8] [8]
[9] [9]
[10] [10]
[11] [11]
[12] [12]
[13] [13]
[14] [14]
[15] [15]
[16] [16]
[17] [17]
[18] [18]
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Bluetooth SIGBasicsLast visited October 6th 2008
IEEEIEEE Std 802.11b-1999 (R2003)Reaffirmation June 12th 2003
Norwegian Post and Telecommunication Authority (NPT)Informasjon om regelverk for trådløse nettverk (WLAN)May 21th 2007
3COM3Com® Wireless 11a/b/g PCI Adapter Product #3CRDAG675B Product DetailsLast visited October 6th 2008
IEEEIEEE Std 802.11a-19999(R2003)July 12th 2003
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3GPP2C.S0011-B Recommended Minimum Performance Standards for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Mobile StationsDecember 13th 2002
Ice.netOm Ice.net mobilt bredbåndJune 2008
Norwegian Post and Telecommunication Authority (NPT)Tildelte spektrumtillatelserAugust 20th 2008
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Norwegian Post and Telecommunication Authority (NPT)Mobiltelefon og helseApril 1st 2003
3GPP and ETSI3GPP TS 25.101 version 3.19.0 Release 1999 / ETSI TS 125 101 V3.19.0 (2006-12)December 2006
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NokiaNokia N70Last visited october 6th 2008Wi-Fi allianceWi-Fi Range and Environment IssuesLast visited october 8th 20083GPP and ETSIETSI TS 100 910 V8.20.0 (2005-11) / 3GPP TS 05.05 version 8.20.0 Release 1999 2005