system of linear equations section 4.1. consider this problem a roofing contractor bought 30 bundles...
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Consider this problem
A roofing contractor bought 30 bundles of shingles and four rolls of roofing paper for $528. A second purchase (at the same prices) cost $140 for eight bundles of shingles and one roll of roofing paper.
Find the price per bundle of shingles and the price per roll of paper.
This is a system of equations
Analyze the Problem
System of equations: Two or more equations with two or more variables
How would we solve this problem?
verbal model
Cost of 30 bundles + Cost of 4 rolls = 528 (Frist purchase)
Cost of 8 bundles + Cost of 1 roll = 140 (Second purchase)
System of Linear EquationsIf we let 'x' be the prince (in dollars) per bundle of shingles and y be the price (in dollars) per roll of paper, we obtain the folloewing system of equations
30x + 4y = 528 (equation 1)
8x + y = 140 (equation 2)
Solution is a point (x,y)
System of Linear Equations
Solution is a point (x,y)
A solution of such a system is an ordered pair (x,y) of real numbers that satisfies each equation
in the system. When we find the set of all solutions of the sutem of equation, we say that we
are solving the system of equations
Plug In
Decide whether the given ordered pair is a solution ofthe given system
5x – 4y = 34
x – 2y = 8
a (0,3)
b(6,-1)
Plug In
You determine if a given point is a solution by plugging it into both equations.
If the answer is true for both equations then the point is a solution
Steps
1) Plug into both equations
2) Solution only if true for both eq.
Plug In
eq 1 5x – 4y = 34
eq 2 x – 2y = 8
a. (0,3)
is 'a' a solution?
(0,3) Not a solution (you can stop here)
plug into first equation
5(0) – 4(3) = 34
0 – 12 = 34
False
-12 ≠34
Plug In
eq1 5x – 4y = 34
eq 2 x – 2y = 8
b(6,-1)
is b a solution
is b a solution
plug into first equation
5(6) – 4(-1) = 34
30 + 4 = 34
34 = 34
True for eq 1
Plug In
eq1 5x – 4y = 34
eq 2 x – 2y = 8
b(6,-1)
is b a solution
True for eq1
Now check eq 2
is b a solution
plug into second equation
6 – 2(-1) = 8
6 + 2 = 8
8 = 8
True for eq 2
(6, -1) is a solution
Plug In
eq1 x + 2y = 9
eq2 -2x+3y = 10
a. (1,4)
Determine if 'a' is a solution
plug into first equation
x + 2y = 9
1 + 2(4) = 9
1 + 8 = 9
9=9 True for eq 1
Substitution
eq1 x + 2y = 9
eq2 -2x+3y = 10
a. (1,4)
Determine if 'a' is a solution
plug into second equation
-2x+3y = 10
-2(1) + 3(4) = 10
-2 + 12 = 10
10 = 10
True for eq 2
a (1, 4) is a solution
Plug In
eq1 x + 2y = 9
eq2 -2x+3y = 10
b. (-3, 1)
Determine if 'b' is a solution
plug into first equation
x + 2y = 9
-3 + 2(1) = 9
-3 + 2 = 9
-1 = 9
False
Not a solution ( you may stop here)
Plug In
Try with a partner
One person work 'a' the other work 'b'
-5x – 2y = 23
x + 4y = -19
a. (-3, -4)
b. (3, 7)
Plug In
Try with a partner
One person work 'a' the other work 'b'
-5x – 2y = 23
x + 4y = -19
a. (-3, -4)
b. (3, 7)
Determine if 'a' is a solution
plug into first equation
-5(-3) – 2(-4) = 23
15 + 8 = 23
23 = 23
True for eq 1
Plug In
Try with a partner
One person work 'a' the other work 'b'
eq1 -5x – 2y = 23
eq2 x + 4y = -19
a. (-3, -4)
b. (3, 7)
plug into second equation
-3 + 4(-4) = -19
-3 + -16 = -19
-19 = -19
True for eq 2
a is a solution to the system of equations
Plug In
Try with a partner
One person work 'a' the other work 'b'
eq1 -5x – 2y = 23
eq2 x + 4y = -19
a. (-3, -4)
b. (3, 7)
Determine if 'b' is a solution
plug into first equation
-5(3) – 2(7) = 23
-15 – 14 = 23
-19 = 23
False (if one is false you can stop)
b is not a solution to the system of linear equations
Substitution Method
Method of Substitution
1. Solve one equation for one variable in terms of the other variable
2.Substitute the expression found in step 1 into the other equation to obtain an equation of one variable
3. Solve the equation obtained in Step 2.
4. Back-substitute the solution from Step 3 into the expression obtained in Step 1 to find the value of the other variable
5. Check the solution to see that it satisfies each of the original equations
Substitution Method
Solve the given system by the substitution method
eq1 x + y = 3
eq2 2x – y = 0
eq 1 x + y = 3
(chose a variable to isolate: y)
y = 3 – x ( y is isolated)
Substitution Method
Now plug this transformed eq1 into eq2
eq2 2x – y = 0
2x – (3 – x) = 0 (plug in for y)
2x -3 + x = 0 (dist the negative)
3x – 3 = 0 (combine like terms)
3x = 3 (isolate x-variable)
x = 1 (divide both sides by 3)
Substitution Method
x = 1
Now back substitute in the equation of your choice
eq2
2x – y = 0
2(1) – y = 0
2 – y = 0
-y = -2 (subtract 2 from both sides)
y = 2 (multiply both sides by a negative 1)
eq 2 (1,2)
Substitution Method
eq 2 (1,2)
Check to see if this works for eq 1
eq1 x + y = 3
1 + 2 = 3
3 = 3
(1,2) is the solution to the system of linear equations
substitution method
Solve the given system by the substitution method
eq1 x + y = 2
eq2 x – 4y = 12
eq1 x + y = 2
(chose a variable to isolate: x)
x = 2 – y
Substitution Method
x = 2 – y
plug in modified eq1 into eq2
x – 4y = 12
(2 – y) – 4y = 12
solve for y
2 – y – 4y = 12
2 – 5y = 12
-5y = 12 – 2
- 5y = 10
y = -2
Substitution Method
y = -2
Now Back substitute in the equation of your choice
eq 2
x – 4(-2) = 12
x + 8 = 12
x = 4
(4, -2)
(4, -2)
See if this is true for eq 1
eq1 4 + (-2) = 2
4 – 2 = 2
2 = 2
(4, -2) is a solution to the system of linear equations
Inconsistent
Solve the given system by the substitution method
Inconsistent means (no solution)
A problem is inconsistent when the substitution results in a false statement
ie 2 = 0 (False)
Inconsistent
eq1 y = -4x
eq2 8x + 2 y = 4
eq1 y = -4x
(chose a variable to isolate: y)
y = -4x
plug in modified eq1 into eq2
8x + 2(-4x) = 4
8x – 8x = 4
0 = 4 (False)
Inconsistent
Dependent
Solve the given system by the substitution method
Dependent means infinite many solutions
A problem is inconsistent when the substitution results in a false statement
ie 0 = 0 (True)
Dependent
eq1 y = 3x + 4
eq2 -2y = -6x – 8
eq1 already solved for y
plug into eq2
-2 (3x + 4) = -6x – 8
-6x – 8 = -6x – 8 (add 6x to both sides)
-8 = -8 True
Dependent (infinete many solutions)
System of Equations
● Write the equation in slope intercept form and then tell how many solutions the system has. Do not solve
● eq1 -x + 2y = 8● eq2 4x – 8y = 1
●System of Equations
● put in slope-intercept form
● eq1
● -x + 2y = 8
● 2y = x + 8
● y = (1/2)x + 4
●
●
● eq2 4x – 8y = 1
● -8y = -4x + 1
● y = (½)x – (1/8)
● equations are parallel why?
● Slope is the same