System of impact factors on human movement

Jan NovotnýDept. of Sport Medicine Faculty of Sports Studies

Masaryk UniversityBrno - Czech Republicnovotny@fsps.muni.cz

The International Christmas Post-graduate School"Qualitative and Quantitative Research in Sport Science”

6-10th December 2006Berzsenyi College – Szombathely Hungary

OUTLINES• Aim of the lecture• Limiting factors of athletes´ performances

Supplement

• Systemic approach to the scientific problems• What is the system of factors?• Systematic determination of factors and relations• Strings of factors and relations

• Recommendation for the construction of the system

• Example of student's impact factor system• Assignment for students to discussion

System of impact factors on human movement

Aim of the lecture and systemic approach

SUPPORT OF RESEARCH PROJECTSplanning – strategy and method selection

hypothesis construction - result interpretation - conclusions

System of impact factors on human movement

TO ANSWER TO SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS

(What exercise intensity is optimal for diabetics?)

TO CONTRIBUTE TO SYSTEMIC SOLUTION

OF COMPLICATED SCIENTIFIC PROBLEMS

(Exercise of diabetics)

GROUPS OF LIMITING FACTORS OF ATHLET´S PERFORMANCE

System of impact factors on human movement

ATHLET´S PERFORMANC

E

Genetic factorsAge - Gender

Anthropometric component

Neural component

Muscle-skeletal component

Metabolic component

Cardio-respiratory component

Mental component

Training, competition

Physical loadingRegeneration Environment

Time

Social component

Family School Job Friends

Habitual activities Hobbies

Dependence Spirituality

EXOGENOUS ENDOGENOUS

SUPPLEMENTSUPPLEMENT

1. Definition of terms, explication of the sense.

2. Analysis of a situation and problem.

3. Detection and description of objects, processes on, and relations among one.

4. Non-isolated evaluation of objects.

5. Complex hierarchical understanding and solution of a problem.

6. Object evaluation at time dependence.

7. Irreplaceability of human factor.

8. Final analysis and verification of the system.

Attributes of the systemic approach (P.Janíček, E. Ondráček, 1998)

System of impact factors on human movement

SYSTEM = SET

OF

FACTORS ELEMENTS VARIABLES

AND RELATIONS

What is the system of factors?

System of impact factors on human movement

REACTION OFDIABETICS TO

EXERCISE

STATE OFTHE DIABETES

controlcomplications

EXERCISEIntensity, duration ...

EXTERNALCONDITIONS

LEVEL OF ADAPTATION TO

THE STRESS

Diagram of a simplified example

GENDERGENOTYPE

?

Systematic determination of the factors and relations

System of impact factors on human movement

MUSCLECONTRACTIONS

BLOOD PRESSGLYCAEMIA

MENTALSTRESS

To find and describe variables and relations among them

- cause (independent factor)

- consequence (dependent factor)

- multiple cause

- multiple consequence

- reciprocal influence/impact

To think about weight of factor influence/impact (aim of research).

A lot of „independent“ factors, dependent factor

System of impact factors on human movement

If MOTIVATION is very high andHEIGHT is 134 cm and HEART

has EF>60% and KNEE has flexion 0-120o then ABILITY TO ADAPTED BASKETBAL is good.

I

System of impact factors on human movement

MOTIVATION + HEIGHT + HEART + KNEE ABILITY TO BASKETBALL

H

L

I

H

L

L- HIGH - LOW - FULL - IMPAIRMENTH

H

L

H

L

H

L

F

I

IF

F

I

L

H GOOD

EXCELENT

BAD

F

I

NEW PIECE OF KNOWLEDGE - NEW TOOL FOR SOLUTION OF LIFE PROBLEMS

AIM OF SCIENCE = FIND UP STRINGS OF FACTORS AND RELATIONSHYPOTHESIS VERIFICATION

EF

1. DETERMINATION AND ANALYSIS OF OBJECT (Diabetic)

2. DETERMINATION, ANALYSIS AND FORMULATION OF PROBLEM (Exercise of diabetic)

3. FORMULATION OF AIMS FOR SOLUTION OF THE PROBLEM (To find an optimal exercise intensity for diabetics)

4. ANALYSIS AND DETERMINATION OF LIMITATION, URGENCY etc. OF THE PROBLEM (Number and compliance of patient, Financial conditions, Time, Personnel, Tradition, etc.)

5. SYNTHESIS OF THE SYSTEM - Detection and description of objects and relations (State of diabetes, Specific diabetic complications, Reaction to the exercise, Exercise – volume, intensity; Preferred exercises, Safety limit of exercise intensity)

Steps of the system construction(modification by P.Janíček and E. Ondráček, 1998)

System of impact factors on human movement

TO ENRICH TO ENRICH AND AND

TUNE TUNE THE THE

SYSTEMSYSTEM

REPETITIONREPETITION

Recommendations for construction of the system?

System of impact factors on human movement

1. INSPIRATION in an epicentre of selected scientific problem (REAL SYSTEM) - To watch objects during action (diabetic). - To talk with involved people (parents, doctor, teacher...).

2. INSPIRATION:- To study of literature sources (Current contents ...).- To consult with experts.- To use experience.

3. TO COLLECT FACTORS AND RELATIONS:

TO DRAW A DIAGRAM (see next example) and

TO DESCRIBE (ABSTRACT SYSTEM).

4. TO RECOGNIZE:

- factors (aerobic capacity) → definition,

- indicators of the factors (VO2max) → what and why to measure,

- type of values (quantitative - numerical - ml/kg.min) → how to measure

Example of student's impact factor systemHow do a value orientation impact a gymnast's performance?

(Jalovecká, 20 October 2006)

System of impact factors on human movement

Gymnast'sperformance

Valueorientation

Family

PressTV

Friends

Mental type

Physicalfitness

AgeGender

Somatotype

TrainingRegeneration

Physiologicalfunctions

Motivation Effort

Technicalequipment

?

pondered psychological study - cross-section - questionnaires

Assignment for students

System of impact factors on human movement

Think up, draw, and describe factors and relations of your research problem

in a diagram to next discussion.

Orientation in Orientation in aa space and among space and among

factors is a important.factors is a important.

System of impact factors on human movement

CONCLUSIONS

1. The human movement is impacted by a lot of factors.

2. The research on the field needs a systemic approach.

3. The creation the factor system (diagram), and its systematic improving, supports a research project realization

- planning – strategy and method selection – hypothesis construction - result interpretation – conclusions.

Start of triathlon in Brno 2006

4. The creation of the factor system demands time. Hurried scientist don't notice simple reason of worse performance – athlete was late on the start.

Thank you for your attention.Thank you for your attention.

www.fsps.muni.cz/~novotny – Szombathely2006

Pictures from courses of Faculty of Sports Pictures from courses of Faculty of Sports SStudies tudies