system engineering, it/ot integration and the smart grid · line (kv) length (km) 765 1,859 533...
TRANSCRIPT
System Engineering, IT/OT Integration
and the Smart Grid
• Steve Apps Pr.Eng SAIEE
• Associate Director
• EON Consulting, South Africa
Line (kV) Length (km)
765 1,859
533 1,035
400 17,318
275 7,361
220 1,276
Total 29,297
South African grid: large and complex
Traditional Power Grid
Generation Transmission Distribution Customer
One Way Power Flow
Operate in Silos
Electricity Theft
Non Participation
Central Bulk Power
Stations
Environmental Impact
Reliability and Availability
Reactive Maintenance and
Limited Monitoring
Generation
Industrial
load
Commercial
load
Residential
load
High
voltage
Medium
voltage
Low
voltage
Step down
transformer
Step down
transformer
Step up
transformer
Existing electrical grid power flows one way
Operational challenges
Ageing infrastructure
Documentation and regulation
Complexity
Engineering & IT
convergence
Skills shortage
Changing customer
Revenue impacts
Balancing supply against demand
Daily load forecast
Supply tracks the forecast
Frequency to be kept at 50 Hz
Generation Load
24 hours M
W
Typical daily national demand profile for South Africa
Generation
Load
Hz
49.5
50.0
51.5
Grid
frequency
Coal
power
stations
Nuclear Gas
turbines
Thermal power stations
Solar
Wind Wind
Solar
Current generation capability
Changes to the traditional grid
Two Way Power Flow
Electric Car
Smart Building
Last Mile Networks
Backhaul
Data Analytics
Smart Meter
Control
Instrumentation
Information
Automation
Technical challenges
Millions of
sensors
Configuration and management
Telecommunications infrastructure
Skills and training
Volumes of data
Data accuracy
Operational processes
Cost
Standards and security
The power grid cannot be turned off
What is systems engineering?
• Defines customer needs and required functionality,
requirements, design synthesis & system validation while
considering the complete problem
• Systems engineering integrates all the disciplines and
specialty groups into a team effort
• Considers both the business and the technical needs of
all customers
An interdisciplinary approach to enable the
realization of successful systems
Definition of the International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE)
8%
Committed life cycle costs against time C
um
ula
tive
Pe
rcen
tage
Lif
ecy
cle
Co
st
15% 20%
50%
100%
0
100
80
60
40
20
Time
Concept Design
Develop
Test
Operations
x5
x50
x500 70%
85%
95%
System life cycle processes
Technical process • Business analysis
• Stakeholder requirements
• System requirements
• Architecture definition
• Design definition
• System analysis
• Implementation process
• Integration
• Verification
• Transition
• Validation
• Operation
• Maintenance
• Disposal
Technical management • Planning
• Decision management
• Risk management
• Configuration management
• Information management
• Measurement
• Quality assurance
Agreement process • Acquisition process
• Supply process
Organisational • Life cycle model
• Infrastructure management
• Portfolio management
• Human resources
• Knowledge management
• Quality management
Smart Grid – High Level Architecture
Security
Physical
System
Data
Instrumentation
Transducers Actuators Meters
Physical World
Power Stations Renewables Substation Power Lines Environment
Conditions Consumers
Network
Backhaul Last Mile
Integration
Service Bus Complex Event Processing
Data
Asset Data Geographic Data Master Data Process Data Configuration Data
Applications
Asset Management Network Management Customer Services Analytics Document Management
IT Infrastructure
Storage
Hardware
Software
Configuration
Development
City Interface
Smart Utility Breakdown
Condition Monitoring
Energy Balancing
Complex Tariffs
Asset Health
Electric Vehicles
Distributed Generation
LV Network Automation
Big Data Analytics
Situational Awareness
Predictive Analytics
Advanced Customer
Services
Real Time Accurate
Data
Real Time Network
Visibility
Knowledge Management
Self Healing
SMART GRID
(Real-Time)
Integration of
Renewables
Outage Management
Fault Intelligence
HV / MV Network
Automation
Substation Automation
Analytics
Smart Metering
Demand Management
Foundation
Technology
OT/IT Integration
Process Engineering
Data Management
Data Networks
Security
Asset Management
Transducers & Actuators
Distribution
Transmission
Generation
Upgrade
Infrastructure
Insights
Every action has an
equal an opposite
reaction
Target the cause of
the problem, not the
symptoms
Keep it
simple
Don’t hit a nail with a
sledgehammer
Keep everyone
informed and
involved
Systemic approach
Eur Ing Steve Apps CEng Pr.Eng MIET MSAIEE
Associate Director
EON Consulting
+27 76 812 9523
ADDITIONAL SLIDES
Competing standards and platforms
proliferate
Helps devices across platforms and Oss communicate with one another
50 members including:
Focuses on bringing together the technologies necessary to facilitate the growth of the Industrial Internet
100+ members including:
Focuses on driving the adoption of products, systems and services that support the Internet of Things
100+ members including:
Helps products within the home connect with one another
50+ members including:
Open Internet Consortium
Industrial Internet Consortium
AllSeen Alliance
Thread Group
Intel Atmel
Siemens HP
Samsung GE
Cisco Dell
Honeywell ADT
MediaTek
IBM GE
Intel Samsung
AT&T
Qualcomm Cisco
Microsoft Sony
Panasonic LG
Haier Sharp
Electrolux Technicolor
Samsung ARM
Tyco Nest
Freescale Silicon Labs
Big Ass Fans
Solar power
Hourly PV production for Dec 2014 Does not coincide
with peak demand 1
Difficult to predict 2
Cloud cover
prediction required 3
Steeper rates of change 4
Energy storage
expensive 5
Peak demand
Wind power
Hourly wind production for Dec 2014
Peak demand
Limited supply
during peak demand 1
Extremely Difficult to
predict 2 Weather
prediction required 3
Difficult to harness
efficiently 4 Energy Storage
Expensive 5 Large areas
of land required 6
PV solar power plants
Wind power plants
NIST – transmission domain
NIST – customer domain
NIST – service provider domain
NIST – operations domain
NIST – market domain