synthesis, characterization and thermal studies of keto-rdx or k-6

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Journal of Hazardous Materials A96 (2003) 109–119 Synthes is, characterizat ion and thermal studies of 2-oxo-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (Keto-RDX or K-6) N. Sikder, N.R. Bulakh, A.K. Sikder ∗ , D.B. Sarwade High Energy Materia ls Research Labora tory , Sutarwadi, Pune 411021, India Received 18 February 2002; received in revised form 21 June 2002; accepted 24 June 2002 Abstract 2-Oxo-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (Keto-RDX or K-6), the most powerful energetic material among nitrourea explosives, has been prepared and scaled up at laboratory level. The identity and purity of the product are tested by elemental analysis, IR, NMR, mass and HPLC techniques. Thermal response and sensitivity experiments on K-6 are also described. The data on sensitivity shows that K-6 can be utilised practically only in phlegmatized form. © 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. Keywords: Keto-RDX; Thermal response; Combustion; Propellant and explosiv e formulations; Activation energy 1. Introduct ion In the continuing search for superior energetic materials to offer improvements in both explosi ves and prop ellan ts formulati ons the succe ssful utili zation of monocyclic oligomer ic nitamines like hexahyd ro-1,3,5-trin itro-S-triazine (RDX) [1] and octahydro-1 ,3,5,7-tetran i- tro-1,3,5,7- tetrazocine (HMX) [2] and nitroaromatics like 2,4,6-trinitro toluene (TNT) [3], have been wide spread. Howev er, owing to number of accidents involving initiation of munitions by impact/shock aboard ships, aircraft carriers and munitions train, there has been a need for the development of a conciliatory material having characteristics of insensi- tivity close to 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) and commensurate detonation performances. Over the decades some of the products of the azaheterocyclic nitramine urea class have attained prominence to meet the requirements of increased stability and insensi- tivity coupled with high performance or a favourable compromise between these two ∗ Corresponding author. Tel .: +91-20-588-1303; fax: +91-20-588-1316. E-mail address: ak [email protected] (A.K. Sikder). 0304-3894/03/$ – see front matter © 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. PII: S0304-38 94(02 )0016 9-3

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Page 1: Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Studies of Keto-RDX or K-6

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