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Symantec NetBackup Blueprints

Symantec NetBackup Blueprints Blueprint for Oracle

Symantec Backup and Recovery Technical Services

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Notice

This NetBackup Blueprint presentation includes example diagrams that contain objects that represent applications and platforms from other companies such as Microsoft and VMware. These diagrams may or may not match or resemble actual implementations found in end user environments. Any likeness or similarity to actual end user environments is completely by coincidence.

The goal of the diagrams included in this blueprint presentation is not to recommend specific ways in which to implement applications and platforms from other companies such as Microsoft and VMware; the purpose of these diagrams is to illustrate NetBackup best practices only.

For guidelines and best practices on installing and configuring applications and platforms from other companies, please refer to best practice documentation and other resources provided by those companies.

Symantec NetBackup Blueprints Preface/disclaimer

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Symantec NetBackup Blueprints How to use ?

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These Blueprints are designed to show customer challenges and how NetBackup solves those.

• Each Blueprint consists of:

– Pain Points: Explain the current challenges a customer faces.

– Whiteboards & Example Diagrams: Describe the implementation of NetBackup solution.

– Best Practices: Present NetBackup best practices to avoid common pitfalls

• Use these Blueprints to present the NetBackup best practice implementation example

Oracle Database Backup Challenges

Symantec NetBackup Blueprints 4


NetBackup Blueprints: Netbackup for Oracle Today’s Challenges

• Large enterprises run on very large Oracle databases driving core business operations such as payroll, business analytics and enterprise resource planning and need enterprise class data protection solutions

• The dramatic rise in database sizes imposes unique challenges for backup administrators, who are expected to protect large volumes of data in a timeframe that is ever shrinking

• Need to reduce Oracle data loss exposure to seconds or sub-seconds

• Minimize the I/O and CPU load on Oracle servers when performing backup tasks


NetBackup Blueprints: Netbackup for Oracle Today’s Challenges contd..

• Keep disk space consumed by backups to a minimum using content-aware deduplication technology

• Ensure backup process can scale as the database grows

• Minimize recovery time to support stringent service level requirements


NetBackup Advantages



• The Oracle extension included with NetBackup (collectively known as NetBackup for Oracle, or NBUO) integrates with RMAN to provide a complete backup and recovery solution

• Simplifies both backup and recovery of Oracle databases and increases database availability

• Supports multiple Oracle backup methods with both cold (offline) and hot (online) backups of entire databases, individual tablespaces, or individual data files.

• Single solution for protecting Oracle and other applications

• Simplified backups through Oracle Intelligent Policy and automatic discovery of Oracle Instances

• Simplified Scheduling and dynamic backup script generation

• Provides Guided Recovery cloning for Oracle

• Centralized, graphical administration of Oracle backups

• Oracle Guided Recovery cloning


NetBackup Blueprints: Netbackup for Oracle Netbackup Solution


• Leverages Oracle block level incremental (BLI) backup APIs to support faster and efficient incremental backups of Oracle

• Provides significant backup storage savings through content aware deduplication that uses advanced stream handlers for Oracle

• Features like Netbackup Replication Director for Oracle (introduced in NetBackup 7.6) can be used to create and replicate Oracle database snapshots on Netapp disk arrays or backup the snapshot to a NetBackup storage unit

• Supports Oracle in high availability environments such as Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC), Veritas Storage Foundation Real Application Clusters (SFRAC) environments

• Reduces the I/O and CPU load on the Oracle database host using off host backup support


NetBackup Blueprints: Netbackup for Oracle Netbackup Solution Contd..

Oracle Fundamentals




NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Basics- Oracle Instance and Database files

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Database clients

Oracle instance

Oracle database files

Database processes and memory

Database files on disk storage

Data files Control files

Redo logs

Archived redo logs Password file

(optional) Parameter file



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Basics-Database,Tablespace and Data File

• A database contains one or more tablespaces.

Database

Tablespace 2

Data File 3

Tablespace 1

Data File 1

Data File 2

Tablespace 3

Data File 6

Data File 4

Data File 5

Logical structures

Physical structures

• A tablespace is stored in one or more data files.

• A data file contains user data and the Oracle data dictionary.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Basics- Online and Archived Redo Logs

• Record all changes made to the database

• Are written to in a circular pattern

• Are organized in groups

• Are used for recovery

- Two types:

1. Online

2. Archived

Group 1

Log B Log A

Group 2

Log B Log A

Group 3

Log B Log A

Arch Log 1 Arch

Log 1 Arch Log 1 Arch

log 1

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NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Basics- Additional Files for data protection

Additional files Description

Control files • Describe the structure of the database • Are required when the database is opened or accessed • Identify all data files and log files • Store the database name • Maintain synchronization information needed for recovery • Are binary files that are maintained by the Oracle instance

Parameter files • Contain database startup settings, such as memory settings, and location of data files, control files, and redo logs

• May be one of two types: ⁻ PFILE: Ordinary text file ⁻ SPFILE: Binary file created from a PFILE (Oracle9i or later)

Password file • Contains user IDs and passwords that can be used to perform database administration tasks

• Is required for remote administrators



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Basics- Oracle Operation Modes

Shutdown: Instance is not running; all files are closed.

Nomount: Instance is running; no files are opened.

Mount: Instance is running; control file is opened.

Open: Instance is running; all files are opened.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Basics- Cold and Hot Backups

Backup type

Description

Cold (offline)

• Performed while the database is offline (closed)

– The database is closed cleanly before performing a cold backup.

– Before the database is closed, it can be running in ARCHIVELOG mode or NOARCHIVELOG mode.

– This is the only backup method supported when the database is in NOARCHIVELOG mode..

• Enables database restore without recovery (log replay)

Hot (online)

• Performed while the database is online (open)

– The database must be running in ARCHIVELOG mode.

– It uses the Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) to manage the backup process.

• Performs an automatic consistency check and log replay upon startup after a restore



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Basics- Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN)

• Is included as a standard utility with Oracle 8 and later

• Manages all backup and recovery operations with Oracle

• Can be managed using OS-level command line or the Oracle enterprise manager (OEM) GUI

• Has an API with which the NetBackup for Oracle agent integrates

• Spawns Oracle server sessions to communicate with:

– The database

– Any disk, tape, or other I/O devices


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Basics- RMAN Repository

• Is a collection of metadata about the target database and its backups, including:

– Tablespaces and data files on the target database

– Data file and ARCHIVELOG file backup sets and backup pieces

• Is ALWAYS stored in the Control File of the target database :

– Does not support stored scripts

– Is required to restore or recover a database

• Can be optionally synced into an RMAN Recovery catalog

– Can be located within an existing database, but not in the target database

– Must be resynchronized with the control file

• Can be crosschecked with the NetBackup image catalog using RMAN commands



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Basics- Full and Incremental Backups

• Full backups

Contain all used blocks in specified databases, tablespaces, or datafiles

• Incremental backups

– Copy only changed data blocks

– Can be performed hot or cold

– Can be performed in ARCHIVELOG or NOARCHIVELOG mode

– Can be differential (noncumulative) or cumulative

Whiteboards and Example Diagrams




NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Netbackup’s Role in protecting Oracle data

Target database

Recovery catalog

database

Recovery manager (RMAN)

NetBackup

CLI or

OEM

Local disk *

Oracle server process Oracle server

process

MM library Data

Data

Published API

* Oracle client disk location, not a NetBackup storage unit



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Netbackup for Oracle on a sample network


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Configuring NetBackup for Oracle database backups

1. Link NetBackup and Oracle (UNIX/Linux only) * * Alternatively use the SBT_LIBRARY parameter

1. On the Oracle server with the Netbackup client software installed, run the /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/oracle_link script.

2. View the script output in /tmp/make_trace.pid.

3. If this is a NetBackup upgrade, restart the Oracle instance.

2. Ensure Oracle databases are in ARCHIVELOG mode

3. Configure NetBackup for Oracle policy

4. Provide an RMAN script(s) using one of the following methods: 1. Use the Oracle intelligent policy feature in Netbackup 7.6 to backup

registered Oracle database instances. (discussed in an upcoming slide) 2. Create NetBackup for Oracle database backup scripts. 3. Use the wizard from the Backup, Archive and Restore Console to modify

RMAN script templates to backup the Oracle Database(s).

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NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle About Oracle policy configuration in NetBackup

NetBackup offers two ways to configure an Oracle policy:

Oracle Intelligent Policies (Introduced in NetBackup 7.6)

• This method lets you create a single policy to protect multiple Oracle instances that are spread over multiple clients.

• You select Oracle instances for a policy from a repository of instances that are either automatically discovered or manually registered in the NetBackup environment.

• Provide the ability to schedule backups of Archived Redo Logs in minutes instead of the previous limits of either hours or days.

Script- or template-based policies

• This method lets you create an Oracle backup policy by using a script or template that is based on a list of clients.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle About Oracle backup methods

• NetBackup can be used with the NetBackup for Oracle agent, using one of two methods:

– Stream based backups

– Proxy Copy based backups

• Each method has different behavior.

• Each method targets different NetBackup schedule types.

• RMAN syntax for each is slightly different.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Stream based and proxy copy backup notes

Stream based backups

• Cause RMAN to generate a backup data stream and send it to NetBackup.

• Target a specific NetBackup policy and Application Backup schedule based on environment variables.

– Environment variables include NB_ORA_POLICY and NB_ORA_SCHED.

– If no schedule is specified then NetBackup looks for an Application Backup schedule with an open start window.

• Use Automatic schedules to simply run scripts that are stream based backups.

Proxy Copy based backups

• Cause RMAN to generate a list of database files, passed to NetBackup.

• Requires a Snapshot mechanism.

• Does not use Application Schedules.

• Uses the Automatic Schedule given by an environment variable.

– Environment variable includes

NB_ORA_PC_SCHED. – Targets an Automatic Full schedule, if the

environment variable is not specified.

• Does not allow some types of objects to be backed up.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle policy configuration in NetBackup 7.6 and prior

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Specify storage unit and volume pool settings here or in the schedule.

The Policy type is Oracle.

The Keyword phrase is ignored in a NetBackup for Oracle policy.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Application backup schedule for Oracle policy

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Configure appropriate NetBackup settings.

The Start Window tab controls when RMAN can

initiate backups.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Automatic backup schedule in Oracle policy

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The Schedule is controlled by NetBackup and used for RMAN PROXY COPY backups



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Automatic and Application Schedule Activity Details

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Application backups

Automatic backup

Automatic Schedule related Backup Activity

1. The Automatic schedule instructs the Oracle host to run the RMAN script to backup the database.

2. RMAN connects to the Master server using the settings in the Application schedule of an Oracle policy.

3. The database sends the data using the NetBackup client.

Application Schedule Related Backup Activity

1. Oracle DBA runs the RMAN script to backup the database.

2. RMAN connects to the Master server by using the settings in the Application schedule of an Oracle policy.

3. The database sends the data using the NetBackup client.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Clients for an Oracle policy

The client is the target database host.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle policy Backup Selections tab

For an Oracle policy, include the script or template to execute during the backup as the selection



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle NetBackup Scripts

• Are used by Automatic schedules to run RMAN commands

• Must exist on the client

• Use environment variables, such as NB_ORA_SERV, NB_ORA_POLICY, and NB_ORA_PC_SCHED.

• Can be written from scratch or generated from Templates

• Can be very complicated if needed, for example to backup multiple databases

– Template generation can not handle this.

– Prone to coding errors, such as the “su” versus “su –” problem on UNIX.

• For more information on environment variables used in scripts for Oracle

backups please refer NetBackup 7.6 for Oracle Administrator's Guide

http://www.symantec.com/docs/DOC6481





NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Netbackup Templates

• Used to generate RMAN scripts that backup or restore a specified database

• Can be used for both stream and proxy copy based backups

• Backup templates are stored on master server while restore templates are stored on the client.

• Created by running a wizard from the Backup, Archive and Restore Console

• Are invoked:

– Automatically through the policy’s backup selection list

– Manually by running bpdbsbora

• Each template can only refer to one database.

• For more information on using scripts and templates please refer NetBackup 7.6 for Oracle Administrator's Guide





NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Example: RMAN commands that send data to NBU

• Example script:

• Two valid channel types:

– type disk: For local disks with a file system on the Oracle server, not under NetBackup control

– type 'SBT_TAPE' or sbt: For use with media managers, such as NetBackup (even when sent to NetBackup disk storage)

• Archive logs are in a separate backup set.

run{

allocate channel stream1 type 'SBT_TAPE‘;

backup incremental level 0 format

'db_%d_s%s_p%p_%t' database;

sql 'alter system archive log current‘;

backup format arch_%d_s%s_p%p_%t

(archivelog all delete input);

}



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Sample backup shell scripts

• NetBackup for Oracle provides sample backup scripts located in:

/usr/openv/netbackup/ext/db_ext/oracle/samples/rman

• The samples are RMAN scripts with a shell script wrapper.

• Examples:

– cold_database_backup.sh

– hot_database_backup.sh

– hot_tablespace_backup.sh

• The sample scripts write to an output file.

– The output file is located in same directory as the original script.

– The sample scripts are useful debugging tools.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Sample NetBackup for Oracle RMAN backup script

#!/bin/sh

…

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle

ORACLE_SID=ORCL

ORACLE_USER=oracle

TARGET_CONNECT_STR=sys/manager

RMAN=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman

…

CMD_STR="

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME

export ORACLE_HOME

ORACLE_SID=$ORACLE_SID

export ORACLE_SID

$RMAN target $TARGET_CONNECT_STR nocatalog msglog $RMAN_LOG_FILE append << EOF

RUN {

ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch00 TYPE 'SBT_TAPE';

BACKUP

…

RELEASE CHANNEL ch00;

}

EOF

"

…

su $ORACLE_USER -c "$CMD_STR" >> $RMAN_LOG_FILE

Variables are set

Oracle environment variables and RMAN command string

The RMAN command is run as the appropriate user, and

output sent to a log file



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Instance Management- New in Netbackup 7.6

• NetBackup 7.6 has introduced a way for NetBackup to manage the list of Oracle instances to be backed up in support of "Oracle Intelligent Policies".

• Oracle Instance information needs to exist in a master server repository that is part of the NBDB, before it can be used in a policy

• Instances are either auto-discovered or manually added to the repository

• An instance group is a collection of instances that share a common set of credentials (os, db, Recovery Catalog).

• Auto-discovered instances can be automatically assigned to an instance group

• An Instance must be registered

– Assigns login information for each instance

This can be operating system, database, or recovery catalog login credentials.

– Can be performed with the NetBackup Administration Console or command line (nboraadm)

If necessary, permissions can be granted to DBAs to use the command.

– Can be simplified and automated by using Instance Groups (which are created manually by the NetBackup administrator)



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Instance Group

• Used to ease Oracle instance registration process

• Defined as a group of instances that share common credentials

– Unix Host Login Credentials

– Windows Host Login Credentials

– Instance Login Credentials

– Recovery Catalog Credentials

• Can be configured as the auto-registration instance group

• Instance groups are managed via the Admin Console or via options to the nboraadm command introduced in NBU 7.6:

– Create the instance group

– Create credentials associated with the instance group

– Assign instances to the instance group.


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Intelligent Policy – Instance Management



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Adding an Oracle instance manually



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Instance Registration



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle instance credential Validation

• Registration credential validation

– Makes sure that the credentials will work for that instance

– Occurs when an instance is registered, modified, or added to an instance group, or when an instance group is modified

– Validation occurs for all instances in the group, even if only one instance is modified or added.

• Registration credential validation failure

– Identifies which credentials failed

– Allows the registration to be aborted, or to occur regardless

• Validation is run on the client itself, and so validation will fail if the client is offline or not contactable by the master server.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Creating an Oracle Instance Group



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Validating an Oracle Instance Group

Validation report



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Instance credential validation failure



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Configuring Automatic Instance registration



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Instance discovery operation

• Is a recurring operation

– Default every 5 minutes ( 300 seconds )

– Set with the NBARS_DISCOVERY_TIMER parameter, using bpsetconfig

• Is performed by two processes:

Process Description

nbdisco

• Collects data for each instance − Path to the Oracle installation for that instance − Instance name (SID) − Hostname

• Places data into the NetBackup catalog • Runs on the master server and client

nbars • Transfers data from staging area into NBDB • Runs on the master server only



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Managing Oracle Instance states

• Enables administrators to deactivate an instance to prevent it from being backed up

– Inactive instances are skipped at backup time and logged in the job details

– Inactive instances can be added to a policy

• Can be performed in the NetBackup Administration Console and from the command nboraadm

Right mouse-click



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Configuring Oracle Intelligent Policy in NetBackup 7.6



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Configuring Oracle Policies in NetBackup 7.6- Clients

• The type of Client you choose, i.e. hostname versus an instance or Instance Group determines if a legacy Oracle policy is used or an Oracle Intelligent Policy.

• Three types of client lists exist for Oracle policies in Netbackup 7.6:

– Clients for use with scripts or templates • Similar to Oracle

policies prior to

NetBackup 7.6

• Application and

Automatic schedules

still present

• Scripts or Templates

as backup selections

– Instances

– Instance Groups

• A policy can only have one type of client list.

Oracle Intelligent Policy



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Configuring Oracle Policies in NetBackup 7.6- Clients



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Changing client list to be host-based



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Using legacy client list



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Intelligent Policy- Backup Selection Types

• Whole database

– Backs up the entire database, including the database control file

– Includes a separate control file backup

• Tablespaces

– Backs up individual tablespaces


• Datafiles

– Backs up specific datafile paths


• Flash Recovery Area (FRA)

– Creates an RMAN copy of the FRA into NetBackup

– Does not include a separate backup of the control file



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Backup Selection Tab- Whole database backup



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Backup Selection Tab- Partial database backup



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Backup Selection Tab- Selected object references



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle backup operational notes

• For tablespace and datafile backups, not all objects need to found in all instances.

– Jobs will succeed if at least one item from the backup selection list is found in each instance.

This behavior is similar to file system backups and 71 status code.

– Jobs that have no objects terminate with status 5400

This does not affect other jobs backing up instances which find objects to back up, which complete successfully.

• Snapshots and BLI backups are supported for most (but not all) schedule types.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Intelligent Policy - Schedules

• Full

• Differential incremental

• Cumulative incremental

• Archive Log

– Backs up only the archive redo logs

– Includes an additional, separate control file backup

– Frequency can be specified in units of minutes (instead of hours)

Note: No Application schedule is available if Oracle Instances or Instance Groups are selected under the INSTANCES tab.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Available schedule type and frequency

Type of backups

• Host based Oracle policy (legacy)

• Instance-based Oracle policy (Oracle Intelligent Policy):

Frequencies available

• Frequencies available for most schedules:

• Frequencies available for Archived Redo Log Backup:



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Intelligent Policy- Oracle Tab



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Introduction to Oracle database restore and recovery

• Restoring a database is an essential step in, but is not the same thing as, database recovery.

• Database restore is the replacement of lost or damaged files with backup copies.

– Restores are required after media failure or if data had been deleted or tables were dropped

– Backed-up data files are used to restore damaged or lost database files.

– Following the restore, recovery is required to bring the database to a consistent state.

• Database recovery is the physical reconstruction of a damaged database to return it to the state it was in prior to the damage.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Steps for Oracle Database Recovery Using RMAN

1. Prepare the database

2. Restore the data

3. Recover the database

RMAN RMAN


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle restore STEP 1: Preparing the database

If the database was running in: ARCHIVELOG mode - Complete recovery is possible NOARCHIVELOG mode - Recovery of the entire database is possible only up to the point of the last cold backup

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Step Action

1 When you first notice a crash, back up the database and logs immediately.

2 Determine which files are damaged.

3 Decide whether you can restore to the original location or if an alternate location is required.

STEP 1: Preparing the database Following steps are involved in preparing a database for restore:



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle Restore STEPS 2 and 3: Restore and recovery

STEP 2:Restoring data

• To restore the database, RMAN restores:

– Full backups, level 0 incremental backups, or data file copies

– Entire database backup (if required)

– Any part of the database (datafiles, tablespaces)

• The restore process overwrites the existing databases.

STEP 3: Recovering the database

• Any incremental backups if any

• All archived redo logs since the incremental backup point and the current online redo logs (roll forward)

• Any rollback segments, to roll back uncommitted changes



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle About Oracle data restore tools

Following NetBackup tools can be used to restore Oracle databases:

1. NetBackup for Oracle recovery wizard

2. NetBackup for Oracle recovery shell script on the client

3. Running RMAN on the client

4. Guided Application Restore (GAR) using OpsCenter


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Using recovery wizard for Oracle restore

1. Start the Backup, Archive, and Restore GUI interface on the destination Client for restore.

2. Change the policy type.

3. Expand the Oracle server under Restore files or Select for Restore tab

4. Select the instance and the database object(s) (datafiles, tablespaces) you want to recover

5. Proceed to save the recovery template or save and run the restore job

• The bpdbsbora command lets you run a recovery template that the NetBackup Recovery Wizard creates. At the command prompt, type this command and the following options:

bpdbsbora -restore -r -t templ_name [-L progress_file]


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Using RMAN on the client to perform Oracle restore

• You can run the RMAN command from a command prompt on the client. Use the appropriate RMAN command file as a parameter.

• On UNIX, the following example assumes that you are logged on as an Oracle administrator.

To run the RMAN command on the client: At the command prompt, type the following: rman target ‘internal/oracle@ORCL’ rcvcat ‘rman/rman@RCAT’ cmdfile ‘/oracle/scripts/database_restore.rcv’ (For Unix) rman target ‘internal/oracle@ORCL’ rcvcat ‘rman\rman@RCAT’ cmdfile ‘H:\oracle\scripts\database_restore.rcv’ (For Windows)



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Using RMAN for recovery

• RMAN uses the recovery catalog to determine the best available backup sets, such as those that require the least amount of recovery.

• There are two recovery commands:

– restore

This command restores files to their original location from backups or image copies, overwriting existing files with the same name.

– recover

This command applies incremental backups or archived and online redo logs to the restored data files.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Restoring the database

• To restore the entire database, enter:

• If all needed Archive Logs (either Archived or Online) are not available, enter:

RMAN>startup mount;

RMAN>restore database;

RMAN>recover database;

RMAN>startup mount;

RMAN>restore database;

RMAN>recover database noredo;

RMAN>alter database open resetlogs;


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Recovering a single tablespace: Localized Disk Failure

• The database must use ARCHIVELOG mode

• In this example, there is a localized disk failure that has impacted tablespace ts1.The tablespace could be recovered by replacing the faulty disk and then restoring it and running recovery to re-apply any missing transaction. The database remains open during recovery.

run { allocate channel stream1 type sbt;

sql "alter tablespace ts1 offline immediate“;

restore tablespace ts1;

recover tablespace ts1;

sql "alter tablespace ts1 online“;

}



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Viewing an Oracle restore job and recovery

Output from Oracle RMAN scripts



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Using Guided Application Recovery in OpsCenter

2. Use the Oracle Cloning Wizard.

3. Verify cloning was successful.

1. Select Manage > Restore > Clone Oracle Database to begin the recovery process.


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Guided application recovery (GAR) introduction

• Guided Application Recovery was introduced in NetBackup 7.0

– Used for cloning Oracle databases

– Accessed using the OpsCenter Web interface

• The wizard makes it easy to:

– Redirect restores of datafiles

– Redirect restores of control files

– Redirect restores of redo logs

– Provide validation of operations

• Provides a pre-check option to validate restore choices

This improves the chances of a successful restore.

• The cloned database is only as up to date as the last archived log that was backed up from the source database.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Oracle redirected restore

• With NetBackup for Oracle you have the option to restore a database to a client other than the one that originally performed the backup

• The user on client A cannot initiate a redirected restore to client B. Only the user on client B, which is the client receiving the backup image, can initiate the redirected restore.

• Any user who belongs to the database group that performed the backup can restore it, unless the BKUP_IMAGE_PERM variable is set to USER

• Sometimes you need to specify the DBID EVEN IF YOU HAVE a Recovery Catalog

• For more information on performing redirected restore refer the

NetBackup 7.6 for Oracle Administrator's Guide




Best Practics




NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle General Best Practices

• One or more Oracle instances must exist on the Oracle server

• Verify that the NetBackup client software is installed on the computer that has the databases you want to back up

• Verify that a valid license for NetBackup for Oracle agent exists on the master

• For clustered environments, verify if NetBackup for Oracle supports the cluster environment where the database resides and the NetBackup client software is installed and operational on each node to which the database can failover

• Make sure that your Oracle environment variables are defined • Enter a large enough value for the Maximum jobs per client

attribute in master server host properties to meet the number of jobs that Oracle runs



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Best Practices for higher deduplication rates

• Perform a proxy copy if the database consists of many small tablespaces, or if the database administrator does not want to set FILESPERSET=1.

• For stream-based backups, specify FILESPERSET=1 for all Oracle database backups. When FILESPERSET=1 is specified, Oracle generates identical backup sets which provides better deduplication.

• If FILESPERSET is specified with a number other than 1, Oracle groups files together unpredictably and deduplication rates suffer.

• MAXOPENFILES parameter in RMAN defines how many datafiles RMAN can open or read from simultaneously. Consider fine tuning this RMAN parameter for better deduplication rates.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Best Practices for higher deduplication rates contd..

• Test your database backups by running both stream-based backups and proxy copy backups to see which method fits best.

• Backup ARCHIVE REDO LOGS to NON-Deduplicated storage. They simply do not deduplicate well because each record in the log is probably different.

• Disable Oracle optimization, compression and encryption and instead use NetBackup based compression and encryption.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Troubleshooting and logging

• Standard logging processes

Include processes such as nbpem, nbjm, dbclient, bphdb, and so on.

• New process and functionality

– Instance discovery and management

• nbdisco (client and master) and nbars (master)

• nbsl and NetBackup Administration Console logs

– Discovery jobs

• nbpem, nbjm, nbsl, nbars

• Generated scripts stored on client

– UNIX:

/usr/openv/netbackup/logs/user_ops/dbtemplates/oracle

– Windows:

install_path\netbackup\logs\user_ops\dbtemplates\oracle


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle General troubleshooting

1. Ensure that the following NetBackup for Oracle binaries exist: On Windows: install_path\NetBackup\bin\bphdb.exe On UNIX: /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/bphdb On Windows: c:\Windows\System32\orasbt.dll On Unix: /usr/openv/netbackup/bin/libobk 2. For the Backup, Archive, and Restore interface and the Oracle Intelligent Policy, verify that the following binaries exist: On Windows: bpdbsbora.exe, bpubsora.exe and dbsbrman.dll under install_path\NetBackup\bin On Unix: bpdbsbora, bpubsora under /usr/openv/netbackup/bin and /usr/openv/lib/libdbsbrman.so (libdbsbrman.sl on HP-UX)


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle General troubleshooting Contd..

3. Ensure that enough free disk space exists in the log directory disk partition. 4. Debug logs do not reveal the errors that occur when RMAN is running unless those errors also affect NetBackup. Your best sources for Oracle error information are the logs provided by Oracle. 5. Generally, each debug log corresponds to a NetBackup process and executable. However, for an RMAN backup, the debug log is created in the /usr/openv/netbackup/logs/dbclient directory, which has no corresponding executable.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle General troubleshooting contd..

7. On UNIX, confirm the /usr/openv/netbackup/logs/user_ops directory and the subdirectories have 777 permissions. They must exist and be accessible for the applications to operate correctly. 8. Check that the following NetBackup log directories exist: UNIX client: bpdbsbora, bporaexp (or boraexp64), bporaimp (or boraimp64), bpubsora, dbclient, bphdb, bpfis, and bpcd. These directories must have 777 permissions. Windows client: bpdbsbora, bporaexp, bporaimp, bpubsora, dbclient, bphdb, bpfis, bplist, and bpcd. Make sure there is share access to the log directories. On the master server: bprd and bpdbm. On the host with the storage unit: bpbrm and bptm. The VERBOSE level should be 5.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Limitations of instance-based Oracle policies

• Oracle 9i is not supported with instance-based Oracle policies.

• P-Linux Oracle client platform is not supported.

• Archive Log Backup schedules are stream-based, unlike other schedules which also allow proxy copy-based backups.

• Interactive RMAN sessions cannot direct their streams to instance-based Oracle policies..

To start a backup from RMAN, use a (legacy) host-based Oracle policy with an Application Backup schedule with an open start window.



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Example backup Scenario with Oracle Intelligent Policy

• An example scenario will be shown on the following slides

• Oracle policy > Instances:

– Instance ORCL (on host train2)

– Instance ORCL2 (on host train2)

– Instance RMANCAT (on host train1)

• Oracle policy > Backup Selection > Partial database: Tablespace:

– Tablespace ORCL_TEST

– Tablespace ORCL2_TEST

• The actual tablespaces that exist are:

– Instance ORCL: Tablespace ORCL_TEST (ORCL2_TEST does not exist)

– Instance ORCL2: Tablespace ORCL2_TEST (ORCL_TEST does not exist)

– Instance RMANCAT: Has no tablespace with either of these names



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Example scenario: Activity Monitor and Oracle jobs

114. Parent for discovery jobs

115. Discovery job (instance ORCL2; tablespace ORC2L_TEST found)

116. Discovery job (instance ORCL; tablespace ORCL_TEST found)

117. Discovery job (instance RMANCAT; no tablespaces found)

118. Backup stream for instance ORCL2 tablespaces backup

119. Backup stream for instance ORCL tablespaces backup

120. Backup stream for instance ORCL2 control file backup

121. Backup stream for instance ORCL control file backup



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Example scenario: Successful discovery job details

Shows instance and what objects are

found and not found

Shows RMAN syntax for the backup job that will run



NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Example scenario: Failed discovery job details


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Job details for ORCL2_TEST tablespace backup


NetBackup Blueprints: NetBackup for Oracle Top Technotes

• Symantec NetBackup 7.6 for Oracle Administrator's Guide


• Best Practice for maintaining a consistent RMAN and NBU catalog http://www.symantec.com/docs/TECH111092

• Requirements for installing NetBackup for Oracle in a NBU cluster

http://www.symantec.com/docs/HOWTO89672

• Creating an Oracle Intelligent Policy in NetBackup for Oracle


• Oracle operations using a script or template based NBU policy


• Oracle Database Recovery using the Recovery Wizard

http://www.symantec.com/docs/TECH37394

















Thank You!

Symantec Backup and Recovery Technical Services


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