syllabus for 2011_12,apece

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University of Dhaka Department of Applied Physics, Electronics & Communication Engineering

Syllabus for

Four Year B. Engg. Session: 2010-2011 & 2011-2012

Syllabus for First Year

MAJOR COURSE:

Course Code Course Title Credits

APECE-101 Electricity and Magnetism 03

APECE-102 Applied Heat and Thermodynamics 02

APECE-103 Applied Mechanics and Vector Analysis 02

APECE-104 Computer Fundamentals and Programming in C 03

APECE-105 Applied Optics 02

APECE-106 Modern Physics 03

APECE-107 Chemistry 02

APECE-108 Laboratory Work 06

APECE-109 Viva Voce 01

Total 24

MINOR COURSE:

MTM-104 Linear Algebra 02

MTM-105 Calculus 04

STAT-M01 Basic Statistics 02

Total 08

Total Credits in 1st Year = 32 Credits

Syllabus for Second Year

MAJOR COURSE:


APECE-201 Analog Electronics 04

APECE-202 Nuclear Physics 02

APECE-203 Electrical Machines and Measurements 03

APECE-204 Digital Electronics 03

APECE- 205 Quantum Mechanics and Physical Electronics 04

APECE-206 Electrical Circuit Analysis 02

APECE-207 Applied Acoustics 02



Total 27

MINOR COURSE:

MTM-203 Ordinary Differential Equations 02

MTM-204 Numerical Analysis-I 02

MTM-205 Mathematical Methods 02

STAT-M02 Test of Hypothesis and Variance of Significance 02

GED-1 Studies on Energy Economics:

Bangladesh Perspective

02

Total 10

Total Credits in 2nd Year=37 Credit

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Syllabus for Third Year


APECE-301 Electromagnetic Theory and Antenna 03

APECE-302 Radio and Television Engineering 03

APECE-303 Telecommunication Networks 03

APECE-304 Material Science 03

APECE-305 Electronic Circuits 04

APECE-306 Electronic Devices 03

APECE-307 Industrial and Power Electronics 03

APECE-308 Microprocessor and Assembly Language 03

APECE-309 Computer Organization and Architecture 03

APECE-310 Renewable Energy Technology 03



Total 40

Total Credits in 3rd Year =40 Credits

Syllabus for Fourth Year


APECE-401 Optical Fibre Communication 03

APECE-402 Microwave and Satellite Communication 03

APECE-403 Data Communication and Computer Network 03

APECE-404 Digital Signal Processing 03

APECE-405 Scientific, Industrial and Biomedical Instrumentation 03

APECE-406 Semiconductor and VLSI Technology 03

APECE-407 Control Engineering 03

APECE-408 Communication Theory 03

APECE-409 Computer Peripherals and Interfacing 03

APECE-410 Mobile Cellular Communication 03


APECE-412 Project Work 04


Total 41

Total Credits in 4th year =41 Credits

Grand Total = 150 Credit

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APECE-101 Electricity and Magnetism 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Electric Current and Ohm’s Law: Modern Electron Theory of Electricity, Idea of Electric Potential,

Resistance, Laws of Resistances, Effect of Temperature on Resistance, Ohm’s Law, electric Power and

Energy, heating effect of Electric Current.

Electrostatics: Electromagnetism – a preview, Electric Charge, Conductors and Insulators, Permittivity of a

medium, Coulomb’s Law, The Electric Field, Lines of Forces, A dipole in an Electric Field, Flux of the

Electric Field, Gauss’s Law, Potential and Field Strength, The equation of Poisson and Laplace.

Capacitors and Dielectrics: Capacitance, Calculation of Capacitance, Parallel Plate Capacitance with

Dielectric, Dielectric – an atomic View, Dielectric and Gauss’s Law, Three Electric Vectors, Energy Storage

in an Electric Field, Charging and Discharging of a Capacitor, Time Constant.

Electromotive Force and DC circuits: EMF, Calculating the currents, Difference between EMF and

Potential Difference, Electric Circuits and Network theorems, Multiloop Circuits, Kirchhoff’s Laws,

Maxwell’s Loop Current Method and Nodal Analysis, Superposition Theorem, Thevenin’s Theorem and

Norton’s Theorem, Maximum Power Transfer Theorem, Delta-Star Transformation.

Magnetism and Electromagnetism: Permeability of a medium, The Magnetic Field, Definition of Magnetic

induction, Magnetic Force on a Current, Ampere’s Law, Magnetic Lines of Induction, Force between two

parallel current carrying conductors, Definition of Ampere, The Biot-Savart Law, Intensity of Magnetization,

Susceptibility, Relation between Field Strength, Intensity of Magnetization, Magnetic Induction and

Susceptibility, Magnetic Circuit, Ampere Turns, Comparison between Magnetic and Electric Circuits,

Leakage Flux, Magnetization Curve, the Three Magnetic Vectors, Magnetic Properties of Matter, Gauss’s

Law for Magnetism, Para magnetism, Diamagnetism, Ferromagnetism.

Electromagnetic Induction: Faraday’s Law, Lenz’s Law, Self and Mutual Inductance, Transient response in

LR circuit.

AC Fundamentals and Circuit Theory: Basic Principles of AC Generators, Equations of Alternating

Voltages and Currents, Definition of Frequency, Time period, Amplitude, Phase and Phase Difference, RMS

Value, Average Value and Form Factor, Addition of two AC quantities, AC through resistance, Inductance,

Capacitance, RLS Series Connection and Resonance, Parallel Resonance

Reference Books:

1. Physics, Vol-II, David Resnick and Robert Halliday.

2. Introductory Circuit Analysis, Robert Boylestad.

3. A Textbook of Electrical Technology, BL Theraja and AK Theraja.

4. Electricity, Electrical Circuits and Magnetism, Dr. Md. Sekul Islam.

APECE-102 Applied Heat and Thermodynamics 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Applied Heat: Production of low Temperature and Liquefaction of Gases, Superconductivity concept,

Production of High Temperature, Temperature Measurement Techniques, Heat Transfer processes, Derivation

of Conduction equation, EM wave Spectrum and Thermal Radiations, Emissive Power, Radiation Loss,

Radiation intensity, Net Heat Transfer Between Two radiation Surfaces.

Thermodynamics: Thermal Equilibrium and Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics, First and Second Law of

Thermodynamics and Their Applications in the Analysis of Basic Heat Engines, Entropy.

Refrigerator and Air-Condition: Units of Refrigeration Capacity, Vapor Compression Refrigeration

System, Vapor Absorption Refrigeration System, Properties of Refrigerants, Atmosphere and Human

Comfort, Measurement of Relative humidity, Summer Air-Conditioning System.

Reference Books:

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1. Heat and Thermodynamics, Brij Lal and Subrahmonyam.

2. Vacuum Technique, J Yarwood.

3. Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, T. Hossain.

4. Heat and Thermodynamics, T. Hossain.

5. A Treatise on Heat, Saha and Srivastava.

6. Thermodynamics, Zemansky.

APECE-103 Applied Mechanics and Vector Analysis 2 Credits (30 Lectures)

Introduction to Vector Analysis: Vector in two and three dimensions, Different co-ordinate systems and

curvilinear co-ordinate, Vector addition and multiplications, Vector differentiation and integration, line,

surface and volume integral, gradient, curl and divergence, stokes’s and divergence theorem, Solution of

Applied Mechanical problems with the help of vector analysis, introduction to tensor analysis.

Mechanics of Particles and Rigid bodies: Rectilinear motion, Curvilinear motion, Rotational motion.

Moment of inertia: Introduction, Moment of Inertia of Plane Area, Methods of finding of moment of Inertia,

Theorem of Parallel and perpendicular axis.

Basic Machines and Mechanical Advantage: Basic idea about friction, screw, wedge, lever, mechanical

advantage.

Work, Energy and Stability: Principle of virtual work, stability, energy concept.

Transfer of Mechanical Power: Chain and Pulley Drive, Transmission of Power by Belt and Ropes, Gear

Trains, Can and Can Follower.

Forces in framed structures

Strength mechanics of materials

Variational methods in Mechanics

Lagrange and Hamiltonian formulation of mechanics

Fluid Mechanics: Integral and differential approach in fluid mechanics, Newtonian and non-Newtonian

fluids, Venturimeter, Orificemeter, Pilot Tubes, Principles of Hydraulic Pumps and Turbines.

Reference Books:

1. Properties of Matter, D S Mathur.

2. Applied Mechanics, R S Khurmi.

3. Fluid Mechanics, R S Khurmi.

4. Foundations of Robotics – Analysis and Control, Tsuneo Yoshika.

APECE-104 Computer Fundamentals and Programming in C 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Data and Information: Background of Data Processing, Brief History and Types of Computers, Application

Areas, Microcomputer System, Working Principle of Small Computer, Hardware Components, I/O

Techniques and Memory unit, Secondary Storage Devices, CPU, Peripheral Devices.

Data Coding System, Types of Number and Character Codes, Conversion of Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal,

BCD Codes, Arithmetic Operations on Number Systems, Bit, Byte, Word, ASCII and EBCDIC codes, Logic

Gates, Boolean Algebra and Combination of Logic Gates.

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Classification of Software, Operating Systems, MS-DOS and Windows operating systems, Secondary

Operating Systems, Basic Commands of Operating Systems, Translators, Problem Solving Techniques,

Algorithm Design, Specifications and Requirements, Program Style and Program Design Techniques.

Data Structure & Algorithm: Data representations; data types and data structures; ways to support data

structures (hardware versus software); Abstract Data Types; arrays, stacks, queues, priority queues, lists, trees,

graphs and tables; Search algorithms and structures, Sorting Techniques, Algorithm design techniques.

Programming in C: Overview of C, Constants, Variable and Data Types, Operators and Expressions,

Managing input and Output Operators, The Design Control an Case Control Structure, The Loop Control

Structure, Recursion and Iterations Arrays, 2D Array, User Defined Functions, Structures and Unions,

Pointers, Searching and Sorting Techniques, Linked List in C, Playing with Bits and Bytes, File Management.

Reference Books:

1. Computer Science, Ray Bradley

2. Computer Science, CS French

3. Computer and Information System, Hutchison, Sawyer

4. C Programming Language, Kerhighan, Ritchie

5. The C Answer Book, Tondo, Gimpel

6. Teach Yourself C, Herbert Schildt

7. Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C, M.A. Weiss, Benjamin/Cummings.

APECE-105 Applied Optics 2 Credits (30 Lectures)

Interference: Wave Motion, Light as Electromagnetic Wave, Irradiance, Superposition of Waves, Two beam

and Multiple Beam Interference, Interferometers: Wavefront-splitting, Amplitude-splitting, Fabry-Perot,

Mach-Zender Interferometer, Multilayer Antireflection Coating.

Diffraction: Fresnel Diffraction: For a Semi-Infinite Screen, Rectangular and circular aperture, Laser Beam

Divergence, Fresnel to Fraunhofer Diffraction Limit, Fraunhofer Diffraction: Single Slit, Double Slit and

Many Slits, Diffraction Grating and Grating Spectroscopy, Resolution of Imaging System.

Polarization: Different Types of Polarization, Polaroid, Birefringent Polarizer, Wave Plates, Optical Activity,

Induced Optical Effects, Optical Modulators

Optical Instruments: Review of Geometrical Optics (matrix Form) Human Eye, Microscope, Telescope,

Aberrations, Color Filters, Optical Disc recording Techniques.

Fiber Optics: Glass and Plastic fibers, Their Characteristics, Basic Structure and Classification of Fibers,

Index Profile.

Reference Books:

1. Optics, Eugene Hecht.

2. Optics, Ajoy Ghatak.

3. Fundamentals of Optics, Jenkins and White.

4. Fiber Optic Communication, DC Agarwal.

5. Alok Biggan, Prof. Shamsul Huq and Prof. Ali Zafar.

6. Applied Optics and Optical Engineering, Vol I, R Kingslake.

7. Insight into Optics, Heavens and Ditchburn.

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APECE-106 Modern Physics 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Special Relativity: Galilean Transformation, Lorentz Transformation, Postulates of special relativity, time

dilation, length contraction, mass energy equivalence.

Particle Properties of Wave: Electromagnetic Waves, Photoelectric Effect, Quantum Theory of Light, X-ray

and X-ray Diffraction, Compton Effect.

Wave Properties of Particles: De Broglie Waves, Phase and Group velocity Particle Diffraction, Particle in a

Box, Uncertainty Principle.

Atomic Structure: Rutherford Model of the Atom, Electron, Orbits, Atomic Spectra, the Bohr Atom, Energy

Levels and Spectra, Atomic Excitation

Quantum Mechanics: Introduction, Wave Function and Wave Equation, Time Dependent Schrodinger’s

Equation, Expectation Values, Steady state Schrodinger’s Equation, Linearity and Superposition, Operators,

Particle in a box, Reflection and Transmission by a barrier, Tunnel Effect, Harmonic Oscillator.

Reference Book:

1. Concepts of Modern Physics, Author Beiser.

2. Perspective to Modern Physics, Author Beiser.

3. Modern Physics, Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses and Curt A. Moyer, Thomson Brooks/Cole.

4. Modern Physics, Keneth Krane, John Wiley.

5. Modern Physics: An Introductory Text, Jeremy I. Pfeffer and Sholomo Nir, Imperial College Press,

London.

6. Concepts of Modern Physics, the Haifa Lectures, Imperial College Press, London.

7. Feynmann Lectures on Physics-III, R P Feynmann, R B Leighton, S Sands, CalTech, 2008

8. Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, Bernard Diu, and Frank Laböe, Quantum Mechanics, Vol. I & II,

Wiley-VCH: Singapore (2005).

9. Modern Physics, Taylor, Dubson, Zafiratus, Prentice-Hall of India, 2004

10. D A B Miller, Quantum Mechanics for Scientists and Engineers, Cambridge University

Press: Cambridge, UK (2007).

11. A F J Levi, Applied Quantum Mechanics, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK

(2003)

12. C L Tang, Fundamentals of Quantum Mechanics for Solid State Electronics and Optics,

Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK (2005).

APECE-107 Chemistry 2 Credits (30 Lectures)

1. Atomic Structure and Periodic Classification: Atom, atomic masses, atomic nucleus, nuclear

binding energy, nuclear stability, de Broglie’s theory of matter, standing waves and quantization,

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, Schrödinger’s wave equation and its application to hydrogen

atom, wave function and its significance, quantum numbers, atomic orbitals and their energies,

shapes and orientation, Pauli exclusion principle, Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, electronic

configurations, classification of elements, periodic properties - ionization energy, electron affinity

and electronegativity, shielding effect and effective nuclear charge, Slater’s rule for calculating

shielding effect and effective nuclear charge, size of atoms or ions.

2. Chemical Bonds: Chemical bond, types of chemical bonds, ionic bond, properties of ionic

compounds, factors influencing the formation of ionic bond, radius ratio rule, sodium chloride

structure, experimental determination of lattice energy, covalent bond, sigma and pi bond,

properties associated with covalent compounds, polar covalent bond, valence shell electron pair

repulsion (VSEPR) theory and molecular geometry, valence bond theory, hybridization of bond

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orbitals, molecular orbital theory, the LCAO method, molecular orbital diagram, HOMO and

LUMO, MO descriptions of homonuclear diatoms of He2 to F

2, Mixing of MOs and the correlation

diagrams, metallic bond, properties of metals, the band structure of metals.

3. Solids: Types of solids, crystal lattice, unit cell, seven crystal systems, Bravais lattices, Miller

indices, defects solids, point defects, colour centers, electrical conductivity of defect solids, X-rays,

generation of X-rays, X-ray filters, diffraction of X-rays by crystals, Bragg’s equation.

4. Redox Reactions: Charge and electronic concept, oxidizing and reducing agents, redox half

reactions, rules for balancing redox reactions.

5. Electrochemistry: Conductance, specific conductance and molar conductance, transport number,

Hittorf’s law, Kohlrausch’s law, standard reduction potential, the electrochemical series,

electrolytic and galvanic cells, cell reaction, cell notation, emf of a cell, Nernst equation,

concentration cell.

6. Acids and Bases: Brønsted-Lowry concept, Lewis concept, acid - base strength, pH, acid-base

titration, indicators, buffers, Henderson-Hasselbach equation, hard and soft acids and bases.

7. Thermochemistry: Conservation of energy, heats of reaction, enthalpy, enthalpies of formation,

enthalpies of combustion, Hess’s law, heat capacity and specific heat.

8. Material Balances: Process, process classification, balances, differential balances and integral

balances, flowchart, problem booking, material balance calculations.

Reference Books:

1. General Chemistry, D. D. Ebbing, Houghton Mifflin Co.

2. Chemistry – The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change, M. Silberberg, WCB/McGraw-

Hill.

3. Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, R. M. Felder and R. W. Rousseau, John Wiley

& Sons.

4. First Year Chemistry, J. M. Coxon, J. E. Fergusson and L. F. Phillips, Edward Arnold

(Publishers) Ltd.

APECE-108 Laboratory Work 6 Credits (45 Lectures)

Electricity; Magnetism and Electrical Circuits, Applied Optics:

1. To draw the curve of µ -λ/1, by a spectrometer and determine the Cauchy’s constant.

2. To determine the radius of curvature of a lens by Newotn’s ring method.

3. To determine the angle of prism, minimum deviation and refractive index of the material of a prism.

4. To determine the wavelength of various spectral line by a spectrometer using a plane diffraction

grating.

5. To determine the specific heat of a liquid by the cooling method.

6. Conversion of galvanometer into a voltmeter.

7. Conversion of galvanometer into an ohmmeter.

8. Conversion of a galvanometer into an ammeter.

9. To determine the surface tension of mercury by Qunickis method.

10. Verification of Ohm’s law, Kirchoffs, law and super-position theorem.

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11. Draw the characteristics of B-H curve.

Programming in C:

• Write a program to demonstrate input, data manipulation and output.

• Write programs to demonstrate sequence, loops, condition and branching.

• Write programs to solve the problems of factorial, prime number, permutation & combination,

Fibonacci number & quadratic equation, etc.

• Write programs to demonstrate arrays, function, sorting & searching data string manipulation, playing

with bits and bytes, recursion (Factorial, Fibonacci, Binary Search, Euclid’s Algorithm) and iteration,

structure, Single likned-list, 2D arrays, arrays of pointers, arrays of pointer to function, program, data

& record storage and retrieval system using file and pointer manipulation, etc.

Reference:

1. Practical Applied Physics of Electronics, Prof. Md. Sekul Islam, Pub: Dhaka University, 1989.

2. Practical Physics, Worsnop and Flint.

APECE-201 Analog Electronics 4 Credits (60 Lectures)

Diode Circuit: P-N Junction Diode characteristics, The ideal Diode and Real Diode, P-N Junction Diode as a

circuit Element, load Line Analysis of a diode Circuit, Special Diodes – Zener Diodes, LED and Tunnel

Diode. Half-wave and Full wave Rectifier, Voltage Regulation, Voltage Doublers, Clippers and Clamper.

Bipolar Junction Transistors: Bipolar junction transistor Construction and Operation, Amplifying action,

Common Base, Common Collector, Common Emitter Configuration, Relations Between α and β, Leakage

Current in a Transistor, Thermal Runaway in a Transistor, DC Load Line – Q Point. Transistor Biasing Factor,

Effects on Bias Variations, Stability factor for CB and CE Configurations, Different Methods for Transistor

Biasing, Load Line and output Characteristics, AC load Line.

Field Effect Transistor (FET): JFET Configuration, Operation and Characteristics, MOSFET Construction,

Operation and Characteristics, Small Signal JFET parameters, DC Biasing of JFET, DC Load Line, Common

Source JFET Amplifier, Modeling and Equivalent Circuit of BJTs and FETs, Conversion of an amplifier

circuit to a standard form, General Black box theory, Impedance Parameters and Hybrid parameter,

Parameters models of transistor, BJT Hybrid – II parameter Model for high Frequency, FETs Small Signal

Model, Voltage- controlled and Current-Controlled models.

BJT Small Signal (Single Stage) Amplifier Circuit Analysis: Classification of Amplifiers, CE Fixed Bias

Configuration, CB Configuration, Collector Feedback Configuration, loading Effect of R2 and R1, Complete

Hybrid Equivalent Circuit, Design of CE Amplifier, Application in Class A Amplifier, Transformer coupled

classes, Class B push-pull Amplifiers, Class C Amplifiers, Tuned Amplifier, Distortion in Amplifiers

Variation in Amplifier Gain with Frequency, Cut-off Frequencies.

FET Small Signal Analysis: JFET/Depletion, MOSFET Amplifier with Source Resistance, Small Signal

Model, AC Small Signal Operation, Loading Effects, Source Follower (Common Drain) circuit, Common

Gate Circuit, Design of FET Amplifier Circuit (CS, CD or CG).

Multistage Amplifiers: Amplifier coupling, RC Coupled two Stage Amplifier, Advantages of RC Coupling,

Impedance coupled two stage amplifier and its Advantages and Disadvantages and Applications, DC Two-

stage amplifier and its advantages, disadvantages and applications, Darlington Pair, Comparison between

Darlington Pair and emitter Follower, Multistage frequency effects, Differential Amplifiers.

Feedback Amplifiers: Principle of Feedback Amplifier positive and Negative feedback, Advantages of

negative feedback, gain Stability, Decreased Distortion, Increased Bandwidth, Forms of Negative Feedback,

Practical feedback Circuits.

Reference Books:

1. Electronic Devices and Circuits, Robert Boylestad

2. Eelctrical Technology, BL Theraja

3. Elements of Electronics, MK Bagde, SP Singh

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4. Microelectronics, Millman

5. Pulse and Digital Electronics, GK Mithal

6. Principles of electronic Circuits, Dr. Rezaul Karim Mazumder.

APECE-202 Nuclear Physics 2 Credits (30 Lectures)

The Atomic Nucleus: Atomic Mass Unit, Stable Nucleus, Binding Energy, Nuclear Radius, The interaction

between two nucleons, Nuclear models : - the shell or independent particle model, Liquid Drop model, the

collective nuclear model, optical model for nuclear reactions,

The Nuclear Atom: Rutherford’s theory of scattering of alpha-particles. Experimental tests of Rutherford

scattering theory.

Isotopes: Natural radioactivity and isotopes, isotopic masses and abundances: the mass spectrograph and

mass spectrometer, the stable isotopes of the elements and their percentage abundances.

Radioactivity: alpha-, beta- and gamma- rays, Radioactive Decay, Units of radioactivity, The detection and

measurement of radiation, The basis of the theory of radioactive disintegration, the disintegration constant,

Half-life and Mean Life, successive radioactive transformations, Radiometric Dating, Radioactive

Equilibrium, Radioactive Series, Radiation Hazards.

Artificial Nuclear Disintegration: Transmutation by alpha-particles, alpha-proton reactions, The neutron :

alpha-neutron reactions, the acceleration of charged particles, Transmutation by protons, deuterons, neutrons,

photons, Nuclear chemistry : nuclear masses.

Nuclear Reaction: Nuclear Reactions and excited states of nuclei, cross section of nuclear reactions,

Neutron-induced reactions, proton-induced reactions, limitation of compound nucleus theory.

Nuclear Fission: Fission cross sections and threshold, the fission products, the mass and energy distribution

of the fission products, neutron emission in fission, the theory of fission process, the energy distribution of the

neutron emitted by fission. Fission in Stars

Nuclear Reactor: The nuclear energy sources, The chain-reacting systems, Thermal nuclear reactor, The

calculation of the multiplication factor for a homogenous thermal reactor, heterogeneous thermal reactor, the

critical size of a thermal reactor, power and breeding

Nuclear Instrumentation: GM counter, Proportional counter, Bubble chamber, Single channel and Multi

channel analyzer, Gamma camera, machines of radio therapy, particle accelerators, principles of radiation

protection.

Fusion Reaction

Reference Books; 1. Nuclear Physics, Irving Kaplan, second edition.

APECE-203 Electrical Machines and Measurements 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

AC/DC Generators: Constructions, Principles of Operation, Equivalent Circuit

DC Motors: Construction, Principle of Operation, equivalent Circuit, Commutation of DC motors, Types,

Back EMF in DC Motors, Motor Characteristics, Speed-Torque Characteristics, Speed control.

Transformers: Construction, Principle of Operation, Phasor Diagram and Equivalent Circuit, Performance

and Testing, Voltage regulation, Ratings, Special Transformers Introduction to 3-phase Transformers, Issues

and Harmonics.

Induction Motors (IM): Construction, Principle of Operation, Rotating Magnetic Fields, Synchronous Speed,

Slip Rings and Squirrel Cage induction motors, Equivalent Circuit, Speed-Torque Characteristics, Losses,

efficiency, Linear IM (LIM)

Synchronous Machines (SMS): General Outline of SMS, Motors and Generators, Salient Pole and Non-

salient Pole, Armature and Field Cores of Synchronous Generators, Theory of Operation, Motor Terminal

Characteristics, Power Factor Control, Power and Torque Characteristics, Capability Curves, Speed Control of

SMS, Application of SMS.

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Special Modern Machines: Electrostatic Motors, Repulsion Motors, Hysteresis Motors, AC/DC Servomotor,

Stepper Motor, Brush-less DC motor.

Electrical Measurements: Measurement of Inductance and Capacitance, Electrical Measuring Instruments

(Ammeter, Voltmeter, Ohmmeter, Wattmeter, Energy meter, Gauss meter and Frequency Meter). Extension of

Instrument Ranges, Introduction to electronics measuring instrument and Oscilloscope

Reference Books:

1. A Text Book of Electrical Technology, BL Theraja and AK Theraja.

2. Electrical Machinery and Transformers, IL Kosow.

APECE-204 Digital Electronics 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Combinational Logic Circuits: Sum of products form (SOP), Product of Sums Form (POS), Max Term, Min

Term, Algebraic Simplification, Designing Combinational Logic Only, Simplification Using K-Map, K-Map

and Don’t Care term.

Flip-flops and related Devices: Sequential Circuit, NAND gate Latch, Nor Gate Latch, Clock Signal and

Clocked Flip-flops, S-C, S-R, J-K, D, T Flip-Flops, Asynchronous inputs of Flip-Flops, Flip-Flop Timing

consideration, Race-Around Condition, Master-Slave Flip-flop, Flip-flop Applications, Design of

Synchronous and Asynchronous counters, Modulo-N Counters, Johnson Counter, Different Types of Register,

Applications of Counters.

Arithmetic Circuits: Half Adder, Parallel Binary Adder, Parallel Binary Adder with register, Parallel adder

ICs, 2’s Complement system and circuit, BCD Adder, Subtract Circuit, Multiplier Circuit.

Integrated Circuit Logic families: TTL logic Family, Standard TTL and other TTL Series Characteristics,

TTL series Characteristics, TTL open Collector Output, Tristate TTL, ECL Family and its Characteristics,

MOS, PMOS, NMOS and CMOS Families.

Decoding and Encoding: Decoders, BCD to 7-segment Decoder, BCD to decimal decoder, Encoders, Switch

Encoder.

Multiplexing and Demultiplexing: Multiplexer, Demultiplexer, Multiplexer and Demultiplexer Applications,

Comparator, Parity Checker and Generator.

Converters: Digital to analog converter (DAC),Weighted Resistor DAC, R-2R Ladder, DAC Specifications,

Analog to Digital Converter (ADC), Digital ramp ADC, Successive Approximation ADC, Flash ADC,

Continuous Conversion Type ADC, Example of ADC and DAC ICs, Principle of Digital Instruments, Digital

Multimeter, Phasemeter, Frequency Meter.

Semiconductor Memories: Memory organization and Operation, Expansion of Word Size and Word

Capacity, Classification and Characteristics of Memory, Organization of RAM and ROM, Advancement of

Semiconductor Memories, PLA, PAL, PLD.

Reference Books:

1. Principle of Digital Electronics, RJ Tocci.

2. Modern Digital Electronics, RP Jain.

APECE-205 Quantum Mechanics and Physical

Electronics

4 Credits (60 Lectures)

Quantum Mechanics: Operators in quantum mechanics, operator algebra, Eigenvalues, Schrödinger’s

Equation in potential well and periodic potential, Quantum Theory of Hydrogen Atom, Separation of

Variables, variational Methods, WKB approximation, Perturbation theory, Angular Momentum, Statistical

Mechanics: Different ensambles, Bose Einstein Statistics, Maxwell-Boltzman Distribution, Fermi Dirac

Distribution.

Crystallography and Crystal Structure: Lattice parameters, Electronic motion in periodic lattice, Brillouin

zones, and reciprocal lattice, Lattice Matching and Mismatch, Crystalline Materials, Crystal Orientation,

Single Crystal, Polycrystalline and Amorphous Structure, Crystal defects.

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Free Electron Theory: Drude-Lorentz Theory, Application of Classical Free Electron Theory, Fermi-Dirac

Distribution Function, Position of Fermi Level, Electrical Conductivity and Thermal Conductivity, Electronic

Specific Heat.

Zone Theory: Kronig-Penney Model, Allowed Energy Zones, Brillouin Zones, K-Space, Fermi Surface,

Density of States, Application of Zone Theory, Conductors and Semiconductors, Superconductivity.

Electron Emission: Work Function, Surface Potential Barrier and Contact Potential Thermal Emission,

Schottky effect, Field Emission and Fowler Nordheim Equation, Secondary Emission, Secondary Multipliers,

Photoelectric Effect and Emission, Thermo-electricity for metals and Semiconductors, Electron Ballistics,

Lorentz Equation and its application, Child-Langmuir three-halves power law, Electron Optics, Electron

Microscope.

Electronic Theory of Semiconductor: Elementary Band theory, Metals, Semiconductors, Insulators,

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors, Position of Fermi Level, Concept of Holes, Hall Effect and

Galvanomagnetic effects, Equilibrium of Carrier Densities, Generation and Recombination of Excess Carriers,

Carrier Life-time, Carrier Movement of Diffusion and Drift, Einstein relation, Derivation of Conductive

Equations, Ohmic and Rectifying Contacts, rectifier Equation.

Electrostatics of P-N junctions: Direct & Indirect semiconductor The P-N junction, Diffusion potential,

Depletion layer, Current flow under forward and reversed biases, Calculation of barrier width, Junction

capacitance and varactor diode, Minority carrier storage and high frequency effects in diode, Avalanche and

zener breakdown, Fabrication Zener diode, Tunnel, solar photo diode.

Reference Books:

1. Solid State Physics, Ashcroft and Mermin, Saunders College Philadelphia, USA

2. Electronic Processes in Materials, Azaroff and Brophy.

3. Physical Electronics, Hemenway, Henry and Coulton.

4. Introduction to Semiconductor Devices, MJ Morant.

5. Solid State Device, B J Streetman.

6. Semiconductor Physics and Devices: Basic Principles, Donald Neamen, Tata McGraw Hill.

7. Meyers

8. Theory of Modern Electronic Devices, Kevin Brennan and April Brown, John Wiley and Sons, 2002

9. Semiconductor Device Fundamentals, Pierret, Robert F, Reading, M A, Addison-Wesley.

10. Atomic and Electronic Structure of Solids, Efthimios Kaxiras, Cambridge University Press.

11. Fundamental of Solid State Electronics, Chih Tang Sah, World Scientific.

12. Semiconductor Physics and Device, S S Islam, Oxford Univ Press, 2006.

13. Physics of Semiconductor Devices, Jean-Pierre Colinge and Cynthia Colinge, Kluwer

Academic Publishers.

14. Semiconductor Heterojunctions and Nanostructures, Omar Manashreh, McGraw Hill.

15. Semiconductor Physics and Applications, M Balkanski and R F Wallis, Oxford University

Press.

16. Solid-State Physics: Introduction to Theory, James D Patterson and Bernard C Bailey,

Springer, 2007.

17. Introduction to Solid State Physics, C Kittel, JWS, 2005

18. S M Sze, Introduction to Semiconductor Physics

19. Fundamentals of Semiconductors, Yu and Cardona, Springer, 2010

20. Electronic and Optoelectronic Properties of Semiconductors, J Singh, CUP.

21. Physics of Semiconductors, Kevin F Brennan, CUP, 1999

22. Smart electronic Materials, Jasprit Singh, CUP, 2005

APECE-206 Electrical Circuit Analysis 2 Credits (30 Lectures)

12

RLC Transients: RLC circuit response to DC input: Underdamped, Overdamped, Critically Damped Case,

Charging and Discharging Phase.

Series and Parallel AC Circuits: Impedance and Phasor diagram, Series Configuration, Voltage divider rule,

Admittance and Susceptance, Parallel ac Networks, Current Divider rule.

Methods of Analysis – AC networks: Independent versus Dependent sources, Mesh and Nodal Analysis,

Wye-Delta and Delta-Wye Conversions.

Network Theorems – AC networks: Superposition Theorem, Thevenin’s Theorem, Norton’s Theorem,

Maximum Power Transfer Theorem, Substitution, Reciprocity and Millman’s Theorems.

Power – AC networks: Average, Apparent and Reactive Power, The Power Triangle, The Total P, Q and S,

Power Factor Correction.

Polyphase Systems: The Three phase generator, The Y-connected generator, The Y-connected generator with

a Y-connected Load, the Wye-Delta system, the Delta connected generator, the delta-delta, delta-Wye three

phase systems, the three wattmeter method, the two wattmeter method, unbalanced three-phase, four wire, Y-

connected load, Unbalanced three-phase, three wire Y-connected load.

Decibels, filters and Bode plots: R-C Low-pass filters, R-C high pass filters, Pass-band filters, Stop-Band

filters, Bode Plots.

Fourier Method of Waveform Analysis: Trigonometric Fourier Series, Exponential Fourier Series,

Waveform Symmetry, Line Spectrum, Waveform Synthesis, Application in Circuit Analysis.

Complex Frequency: Introduction, Network analysis in the s-domain, network response in the s-domain.

The Laplace Transform method: Introduction, the Laplace Transform, Selected Laplace Transforms, Initial

Value and Final Value Theorem.

Reference Books:

1. Alternating Current Circuits, Corcoran and Kerchner.

2. Introductory Circuit Theory, R.L.Boylestad, Prentice-Hall India Pvt. Ltd.

3. Schaum’s Outline Series on Electrical Circuits, J.A.Edminister, Tata McGraw-Hill.

4. Networks Lines and Fields, J.D.Ryder, Prentice-Hall India Pvt. Ltd.

APECE-207 Applied Acoustics 2 Credits (30 Lectures)

Introduction: Fundamental Equations and Definitions, Wave Motion, Plane Wave, Spherical Wave,

Stationary Wave, Wave Equation and Solutions, Sound Energy, Density, Intensity, Velocity of Sound Waves

in Various Materials, Measurement of Intensity - Phon and Decibel, Mechanical and Acoustical Elements and

Systems of Elements

Architectural Acoustics: Reverberation and reverberation Time, Optimum Reverberation in Auditorium

studio and Lecture Room, Measurement of Reverberation Time and its Correction, Absorption of Sound and

Absorption Coefficient, Acoustical treatment of Auditorium, Studio and Lecture Room.

Electro-Acoustics: Principle of Microphone, Condenser Microphone, Pressure Microphones, Pressure

Gradient Microphone, Carbon Granule Microphone, Loudspeakers and Horn Loudspeakers, Testing of Loud

Speakers, Ultrasonic and their Applications, magnetic Recording and Optical Recording, reproduction of

Sound, Opto-acoustics and Relevant Devices for Optical Communication, Stereophonic.

Reference Books:

1. Applied Acoustics, HF Olson and F Messa.

2. Magnetic Recording Technique, W Eacir Stewart.

3. Fundamentals of Acoustics, LE Kinsler and AR Frey.

4. Waves and Oscillations, Brij Lal and Subrahmonyam.

13

APECE-208 Laboratory Work 6 Credits (45 Lectures)

ANALOG

1. To verify Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems.

2. To study the transient responses of (a) RC and (b) LR circuits and hence to measure the time

constants of the circuits.

3. To study the ransient response, damping effevt and the resonance of a series R-L-C circuit.

4. To study the frequency response of passive low pass and high pass RC filter.

5. Measurement of the characteristics impedance of a 4-terminal network.

6. To study the I-V characteristics of the general purpose rectifier diode and construction of Full Wave

and Half Wave rectification circuits.

7. To study the I-V characteristics of Zener diode and light emitting diode (LED) and construction of a

DC voltage stabilizer using Zener diode.

8. To study the Transistor characteristics in Common-Emitter configuration.

9. To study the Transistor characteristics in Common Base configuration.

DIGITAL

10. To study the Clipping and Clamping circuits.

11. Construction of basic gates (AND, OR and NOT) using discrete components Resistor, Diode

Transistor etc. & the verification of the truth table of the constructed gates; & their simulation with C.

12. Circuit realization of logic expression using logic expression using logic gates.

13. Design (a) Half adder, Full adder and (b) Half subtract or, Full subtract or circuits using logic gates

(AND, OR, XOR, etc.) and testing the circuits; and their simulation with C.

14. Truth table verification of different FFs [S-C, J-K, D, T] and converting J-K FFs into T and D FFs,

Modern Physics

15. Plank’s constant

16. Energy gap measurement

Marks Distribution

In-course … 30

FINAL

Analog part … 60

Digital part … 60

Breakup of each part

Experiment Viva 20

Theory … 15

Data collection,

Calculation,

Result analysis- 20

Discussion- 05

Reference:

1. Practical Applied Physics & Electronics, Dr. Md. Sekul Islam, Pub: Dhaka University, 1989.

GED 01 Studies on Energy Economics:

Bangladesh Perspective

Credits: 03 (45 Lectures)

14

I. Overview of the Economy of Bangladesh

Composition and structure of the economy, GDP, sectoral contribution,

overall growth trend of infrastructure development.

II. Overview of Energy resources for Development. Demand, Supply, Policies, constraints.

III. Poverty in Bangladesh : Nature, dimension, poverty alleviation interventions, role of GOB and

NGOs.

IV. Women and Development

Gender issue, women’s participation in productive activities, share of energy resources- different

policies and constraints.

V. ‘Aid’, FDI and Reforms

Role of foreign aid, Structural Adjustment policies and Reform

Programmes. State of Enery sector. FDI in enrgy sector, issues of

concern.

VI. Industrialization : Industrial Policies, Public and Private Sector Development. Rural

industries, Small and Medium industries. How to solve gas and power crisis.

VII. Globalization and Bangladesh Economy.

VIII. Theory of Resource Curse: Why countries with huge natural

resources remain poor?

References 1. Reports of the Task Forces on Bangladesh Development Strategies for

the 1990s.

2. UNCTAD report on FDI 2006

3. Statistical Yearbooks and bulletins published by Bangladesh Bureau

of Statistics.

4. Five-Year Plan Documents, Government of Bangladesh.

5. Annual Economic Reviews, Government of Bangladesh.

6. Akhlaqur Rahman: Self Reliance and Foreign Aid.

7. A.R.Khan and Mahabub Hossain: Development Strategies of Bangladesh.

8. A. Rahman and Others: Environment and Development in Bangladesh,

Vol. I and II, University Press Limited, 1994

9. Selim Rashid (ed.): Bangladesh Economy.

10. Sirajul Islam (ed.): History of Bangladesh, Vol. II

11. Kamal Siddiqui: Political Economy of Land Reform.

12. Rehman Sobhan: Structural Adjustment Policies for the Third World.

13. S.S. White: Arguing with Crocodiles. UPL, 1992.

14. Nurul Islam: Making of a Nation-Bangladesh-An Economist’s Tale. UPL, 2003.

15. Abdul Bayes and Anu Muhammad (ed.): Bangladesh at 25.

16. Anu Muhammad: Bangladesher Arthanitir Gotimukh.

17. Anu Muhammad: Bangladesher tel gas: Kar sompod kar bipod.

18. Anu Muhammad: Development or Destruction?

APECE-301 Electromagnetic Theory and Antenna Credits: 03 (45 Lectures)

Electromagnetic Theory: Scalar and vector fields, Different coordinate systems, Time varying field and

phasor representation, Maxwell’s equations: (differential and integral form), Boundary conditions, Potential

functions, Time harmonic fields and Poynting theorem. Plane Wave Propagation and reflection of

electromagnetic waves in unbounded media, Plane waves in loss-less media – Doppler effect, Wave

impedance, Polarization of EM waves, Plane waves in lossy media, Loss-less dielectrics, Good conductors,

Group velocity, Instantaneous and average power densities.

15

Antenna: Radiation mechanism of antenna; Types of antennas (wire antennas, aperture antennas, array

antennas, reflector antennas, lens antennas & their radiation patterns), Isotropic, Directional and

omnidirectional pattern, Principle pattern, Radiation pattern lobes, Field regions, Radian and tertian.

Parameters: Fundamental parameters of antenna, Radiation power density, Radiation intensity, Gain,

Directive gain, Power gain, Directivity, Antenna efficiency, Effective aperture, Physical aperture, Radiation

resistance, Transmission between two antenna, Radar equation, Front to back ration, Antenna band width,

Antenna beam width.

Antenna arrays – design and synthesis. Reflector type antennas. Babiner’s principles and complementary

antennas. Application of reaction concept and variational principles in antennas and propagation. Frequency

independent antennas, Scattering and diffraction. Selected topics in microwave antennas. Printed antenna.

Antenna measurements. Applications in broadcasting, telecommunication, microwave links, satellite

communications, etc.

Transmission Line: Line Parameters, Characteristic Impedance of Symmetrical Network, Properties of

Symmetrical Networks, Inductance of a line of two parallel conductors and co-axial line, skin effect,

capacitance of two parallel and coaxial lines, Transmission line Theory, A line of cascaded T section, The

transmission line: general solution, the infinite line, wavelength Velocity of propagation, waveform distortion,

distortion-less line, reflection on a line not terminated in Zo, Reflection coefficient, Line Calculation, Input

and transfer impedance, Open and short circuited lines, Reflection and Insertion loss, T and π section

equivalent to lines

Recommended Books:

1. Electromagnetic Waves and Radiation System by Zedan and Balmani.

2. Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics by Mathew M. Radmanesh.

3. Antenna and Propagation for Wireless Communication Systems by Saunders, Simon R. Aleja.

4. Radio Antennas and Propagation: Radio Engineering Fundamentals by William Gosling.

5. Fundamentals of Electromagnetics with Engineering Applications by S Wentworth.

APECE-302 Radio and Television Engineering Credits: 03 (45 Lectures)

Introduction: The communication process, Sources of information, Communication networks,

Communication channels, Analog and digital type of communication; Radio frequency spectrum,

Propagation of radio signals; Noise in communication channel: Shot noise, Thermal noise, White

noise, Gain in decibel, Signal to noise ratio.

Analog Communication System: Amplitude modulation (AM), AM broadcast technical standards,

Double sideband suppressed carrier (DSBSC), Single sideband suppressed carrier (SSB), Vestigial sideband

(VSB), Phase modulation (PM) and frequency modulation (FM), Envelop detector, Product modulator, AM

transmitter (AM modulator), AM demodulator, Superheterodyne receiver, FM transmitters and recivers.

Comparison of AM and FM receivers, Noise in receiver, Noise limiting circuits. AGC circuits, Receiver

sensitivity, Cross modulation, spurious response converters, Detector and modulation circuits.

Digital Modulation Techniques: Digital passband transmission, Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Phase Shift

Keying (PSK), Differential PSK (DPSK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

(QAM), MSK, GMSK, M-Ary modulation techniques, Spread spectrum modulation techniques, DSSS, FHSS.

Fundamentals of TV: Analysis and synthesis of TV picture, Scanning, Standard scanning pattern,

Synchronization, Blanking pulses, Composite video signal, Color video signals, Matrix circuits, Colourplexed

composite video signal, Signal transmission, TV channels, Channel bandwidth.

TV Camera: Storage type camera tubes: Non-storage type camera tubes; Iconoscope; Image orthicon,

Vidicon, Plumbicon, Colour TV camera and other types of camera tubes.

TV Receiver & Transmitter: Fundamentals of TV receiver, Picture tubes, Deflection circuit, High voltage

power supply, Colour picture tube, Folded dipole with directors and reflectors for TV receiver, TV

Transmitter and TV studio design.

Digital Television and Video: Video Digitization formats – the 4:2:2 formats, 4:2:0 format, Source

16

Intermediate Format (SIF), Common Intermediate Format (CIF), General compression principles – Run

Length Coding, Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) compression technique, MPEG-1, MPEG-2.

Recommended Books:

1. Radio & TV Engineering, A.G. Mithal

2. Monochrome & Color Television, Gulati

3. Principles of communication systems, Taub Schiling

4. Communication Systems, Simon Haykin.

APECE-303 Telecommunication Networks Credits: 03 (45 Lectures)

Introduction: Basic concept of electricity for communication, Electrical Signals, Transmission of electrical

signals – wire pair, co-axial cable, optical fiber cable, radio transmission; Voice and data transmission,

Impairments to voice transmission – amplitude distortion, phase distortion, noise; Simple telephone

communication, Subscriber’s line circuit, two-wire and four-wire transmission, Basic switching system,

Conventional analog switching, Types of electromechanical switches – Strowger and Crossbar switch.

Pulse and digital signals: Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM), Pulse code modulation (PCM), Delta

modulation (DM), Adaptive delta modulation (ADM), Delta-Sigma Modulation, Differential PCM (DPCM),

Adaptive DPCM (ADPCM). Digitization of Voice; Multiplexing techniques- TDM and FDM; Digital signal

hierarchies in telephone systems – DS0, DS1, DS3, E1, E2, E3, etc.

Signal Switching: Stored program control, Centralized SPC, Distributed SPC, Software architecture,

Application software, Enhanced services, Two-stage network, Three-stage network, n-stage network.

Concepts of TDM, Basic time division space switching, Basic time division time switching, Time multiplexed

space switching, Time-multiplexed time switching, Combination switching, Three-stage combination

switching, n-stage combination switching.

Switching Systems: Principles of common control, touch tone dial telephone, Crosspoint technology, No. 1

ESS, Japanese D-10, Metaconta.

Telephone Networks: Subscriber loop systems, Switching hierarchy and routing, Transmission plan,

Transmission systems, Numbering plan, Charging plan, Signaling techniques, Inchannel signaling, Common

channel signaling, Digital loop carrier – versions of DSL.

Integrated Services Digital Network: Motivation for ISDN, New services, Network and protocol

architecture, Transmission channels, User-network interfaces, Signaling, Numbering and addressing, Service

characterization, Inter working, ISDN standards, Expert Systems in ISDN, Broadband ISDN, Voice data

integration.

CCITT Signaling System No. 7 (SS7): Overview of SS 7 architecture, Relationship to OSI, Layer 1, 2 and 3;

Signaling network structure, Signaling performance, Numbering plan, Signaling connection control part

(SCCP), User part.

Recommended Books:

1. Advanced Electronics communication systems – Wayne Tomasi

2. Telecommunication Switching Principles, M.T. Hills

3. Telecommunication Switching Systems and Networks, T. Viswanathan

4. Fundamentals of Telecommunications, Roger L Freeman.

17

APECE-304 Material Science 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Structural Properties: Crystalline, amorphous, composite, fibrous, polymers, mastics, binding forces, Elastic

properties, dislocations, defects.

Thermal and Electrical Properties: Specific heat, Thermal expansion, Thermal conductivity Electrical

conductivity of metals.

Dielectric properties of solids: Basic relationship and parameters, Modes of dielectric polarization,

Experimental methods and results, Ferro electricity, Piezo Electricity.

Optical properties of solids: Classical theory, Semi-classical theory, Free carrier effects, Lattice absorption,

Electronic absorption.

Magnetic properties of solid: Atomic magnetic moments, Dia- and Para magnetism, Ferromagnetism, Anti-

ferromagnetism and Ferri-magnetism, Magnetic resonance.

Superconductivity: Superconductivity of material, type-1, type-2 superconductors and some applications.

Nonlinear Optics: Laser Characteristics, second harmonic generation and optical mixing, parametric

amplification.

Reference Books:

1. Electronic Properties in Materials, Rolf E. Hummel.

2. Electronic Process in Materials, Azarof, Brophy.

3. Fundamentals of Superconductivity.

4. Solid State Physics, Myers.

5. Solid State Physics, N D Ashcroft and N W Mermin (1976).

6. Solid State Physics, C Kittle (2005).

7. Solid State Physics, J D Patterson and B C Bailey (2007)

8. Condensed matter Physics, R M Marder, JWS, 2000.

APECE-305 Advance Electronic Circuits Credits: 04 (60 Lectures)

Operational Amplifiers: Differential amplifier circuits, Constant current source, Current mirror, Active load,

Common mode rejection, the ideal op-amp, the practical op-amp, Frequency response of an op-amp, Linear

application of op-amp, Inverting amplifier, non-inverting amplifier, Differentiator, Integrator, Precision

rectifier, Sample and hold circuit, Capacitance multiplier, Active filter, Log and anti-log amplifier,

Comparator, Window Detector, Schmidt trigger.

Multivibrators with Op-Amp: Astable Multivibrator, Monostable Multivibrator, Bistable Multivibrator,

Sine wave oscillators, Triangular wave generators, Voltage controlled oscillator, Voltage regulation.

Oscillators: Negative feedback in amplifiers, Bark-Hausen criterion for oscillation, Phase shift oscillators,

Wein Bridge oscillator, Bridge-Tuned twin T oscillator, LC oscillators – Hartley and Colpitts, Negative

resistance oscillator, Crystal oscillator – frequency stability.

Power and Tuned Amplifiers: Class A power amplifier, Class-B power amplifier, Push-pull amplifier,

Complementary symmetry, Quasi-complementary, Class-D amplifier, Tuned amplifier, Single tuned

amplifier, Double tuned amplifier, Stagger tuned amplifier.

Wideband Amplifier: Broadbanding techniques, Base compensation, IC wideband amplifiers, Shunt

compensation and series compensation.

Pulse and Switching Circuits: Astable with BJT, JFET and timer IC; Monostable with BJT and timer IC;

Bistable triggering problem; Schmidt trigger with BJT; Blocking oscillators; Voltage and time base

generators; Exponential sweep circuits; Constant current charging circuit; the Miller circuit and Bootstrap

circuit; Current time-base generation; Trapezoidal waveform; Sweep circuit for TV receivers; Pulse

transformer.

18

Analog Multipliers: Multiplication techniques, Power quadrant multiplier, Logarithmic exponential

multiplier, Application of multiplier; Division, Squaring and square root circuits; RMS and phase detector

circuits; Modulation and demodulation with multiplier.

Voltage Regulators: Series and shunt regulations, IC voltage regulators, Switching regulators.

Phase Locked Loops: Basic PLL, Major building blocks; Lock and Capture range; Applications of PLL, FM

demodulation, FSK demodulation, AM demodulation, Frequency synthesizer.

Switching Capacitor Circuits: Theory of operation, Switched capacitor, Capacitor integrator, Switched

capacitor filter.

Recommended Books:

1. Principles of Electronic Circuits by Dr. Rezaul Karim Mazumder

2. Microelectronics by Millman.

3. Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory by R. Boylstad and L. Nashelsky.

4. Electronics Devices and Circuits by David A Bell.

5. Electronic Fundamentals and Applications by John D Ryder.

6. Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits by R.L. Gayakwad.

7. Operational Amplifiers by G.B. Clayton.

8. Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits by R.F. Coughlin.

9. Pulse, Digital and Switching waveforms by Millman and Taub.

10. Pulse and Digital Electronics by G.K. Mithal.

APECE-306 Advance Electronic Devices Credits: 03 (45 Lectures)

Semiconductor Devices: Physics of BJT, Metal-semiconductor junction, MOS structure, Heterojunction,

High-field effects in semiconductors; UJT; Frequency limitations of BJT, Drift transistor, Heterojunction

transistor, MESFET, HEMT, MOSFET.

Optoelectronic Devices: Solar cell, LED, Photodiodes – Avalanche photodiode, PIN diode, Laser: Basic

Requirements for Laser Light, Ruby and He-Ne Laser, Laser diodes (homojunction, heterojunction, quantum

well, quantum dot), DFB Laser, DBL Laser, Tunable Laser, Statis and Dynamic charecteristics of Laser.,

Phototransistor; Optical isolator, Optical interconnection, LCD, TFT, Various types of Charge Coupled

Devices (CCD),

Microwave Devices: Varactor Diode, Tunnel diode (negative resistance device); IMPATT, QWITT,

TRAPATT, Gunn diode.

Recommended books:

1. Solid State electronics Devices by B.G. Streetman.

2. Semiconductor and Electronic Devices by A. Barlev.

3. Physics of semiconductor Devices by S.M. Sze.

4. Solid State Electronics by S. Wang.

5. Fiber Optic Communication Technology by by Djafar and Scheiner.

6. Optical Fiber Communication, Principles and Practice by M. Senior.

7. Semiconductor Devices by Jasprit Singh.

8. Semiconductor Device Physics and Design by Umesh K Mishra and Jasprit Singh, Springer, 2008

9. Semiconductor Physics and Device by S S Islam, OUP, 2006.

10. Theory of Modern Electronic Semiconductor Devices by Kevin F Brennan and April S Brown,

JWS, 2002.

19

11. Introduction to Semiconductor Devices by Kevin F Brennan, CUP, 2005.

APECE-307 Industrial and Power Electronics Credits: 03 (45 Lectures)

Power Electronics Systems: Power electronics system, Power electronics versus linear electronics, Power

semiconductor devices (application perspective): Power diode, Power Transistor, Thyristor, SCR, DIAC,

TRIAC, GTO, MOSFET, IGBT, SIT.

Power Electronic Converters: Fixed output voltage and phase controlled AC/DC converters, single phase,

three phase, semi/full, Analysis and performance with passive load, Dual converters, Power factor movement

and forced commutation angle, PWM control.

DC/DC Converters: Chopper regulators, Step-up, Step-down, Chopper classification, Switch mode

regulators, Thyristor chopper circuits.

Cyclo-Converters (Frequency Converters): Single phase, Three phase and AC voltage converters with PWM.

DC/AC Inverters: PWM, Resonant pulse inverters, Push-pull inverters, Transformer-less inverters, MPPT,

Grid-interactive inverters, Switch utilization in inverters, PV inverters.

Industrial Electronics: Magnetic amplifier and its applications, Control of temperature and other non-electric

quantities, Elements of microprocessor based control system for industries.

Motor Devices: DC and AC motor devices, Speed and position control of DC motors, Microprocessor based

motor drive.

Industrial Heating: Resistive heating, High frequency heating, Induction heating, Dielectric heating and its

use and applications, Servo mechanism, Closed loop control system, Polyphase rectifier.

PLC: Controllers, Hardware, Internal architecture, Programming, Testing and debugging, Commercial PLC.

Robots & Other Motion Control Systems: Types of robots, Types of robot control, Types of robot

programs, CNC machines, Basic parts of a robot system, I/O circuits for robot system, I/O requests for robot

system, Case studies in industrial electronics and industrial data communication.

Recommended books:

1. Power Electronics, Converters, Application and Design, N Mohan, TM Undeland and WR Robbins.

2. Principles of Power Electronics, JG Kassakian, MF Schlecht and JC Verghese.

3. Power Electronics, Circuits, Devices and Applications, MH Rashid.

4. Electronics in Industry, Chute and Chute.

5. Theory and Application of Industrial Electronics, JA Cage.

6. Programmable Logic Controllers, W Bolton, Elsevier Publications.

7. Industrial Electronics, Thomas E. Kissel, Prentice Hall India.

APECE-308 Microprocessor and Assembly Language Credits: 03 (45 Lectures)

Microprocessors: Evaluation of Microprocessors, register and accumulator based microprocessor,

Microprocessor as the CPU of microcomputers, Introduction to the Intel family of microprocessors, General

Purpose and single chip microprocessors, Bit slice microprocessor.

8086 Microprocessor: Internal organization of 8086 microprocessor, Machine cycle, Instruction execution

and user accessible registers of 8086, 8086 stack, Subroutine, Interrupts and interrupt service routines, 8086

addressing modes, Memory management techniques.

Advanced Microprocessors: Overview, internal architecture and memory management of 80186, 80286,

80386, and 80486. Overview of Pentium processor, co-processor, Alpha processor, and pipeline processor.

Assembly Language: Introduction to IBM PC assembly language, the Processor status and the FLAGS

registers, Instruction formats; Assembly instruction types: Data transfer instruction, Arithmetic and Logic

20

instruction, shift and rotate instruction, Transfer control and conditional processing, String processing,

Input/Output, Interrupts, Procedures and macro; Stack, Virtual memory management, Cache memory

management, Exception handler.

Microcontrollers: What is microcontroller, Comparison between microcontroller and microprocessor,

Microcontroller of different manufacturers, Classification of microcontrollers according to their capacity;

PIC16F84, Block diagram, Architecture, Memory organization, Special purpose registers, I/O ports,

Instruction set of PIC16F84, Programming, Simulation using MPLAB, Microcontrollers with internal ADC

and DAC, Some practical examples.

Recommended books:

1. Microprocessor and microprocessor based system design by M. Rafiquzzaman.

2. The 8088 and 8086 microprocessors by W. A. Triebel.

3. Introduction to Microprocessors by John Crisp.

4. INTEL Microprocessors 8086/8088, 80186/80188, 80286, 80386, 80486, Pentium, Prentium

ProProcessor, Pentium II, III, 4 by Barry B. Brey

5. The Art of Assembly Language by Randall Hyde.

6. Microprocessor and Interfacing by DV Hall.

7. Assembly Language for Intel Based Computers by Kip Irvine.

8. IBM PC assembly Language Programming by P Abel.

9. Assembly Language Step By Step by J Duntemann.

APECE-309 Computer Organization and Architecture Credits: 03 (45 Lectures)

The Computer System: Organization, structure, and functions, System buses, interconnection structures (Bus

structure and bus types).

The Memory System: Memory system overview, Internal and external memory, Memory chip organization

and error correction, Cache memory and its mapping functions, Virtual memory management, Memory

storage devices

Input/Output: I/O devices, I/O modules, programmed and interrupt-driven I/O, direct memory access

(DMA).

CPU/ALU: Integer and floating point arithmetic, Signed operand multiplication, Fast multipliers, Instruction

sets, Types of operands, Addressing modes, CPU structure and functions, Process organization, Register

organization, Instruction cycle, Instruction pipelining; Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU), Bit Sliced ALU.

Control Unit: Micro-operations, Hardwired control unit, Control unit operation, Micro-instruction sequencing

and execution, Grouping of signals, Micro-programmed control unit, Microprogram sequencing.

High Performance Computer Systems: Techniques to achieve high performance, RISC, CISC, introduction

to superscalar processor, parallel processor, array processor, multi-programming, Vector processing, Fault

tolerant computing, High performance scientific computing.

Recommended books:

1. Computer Organization and Architecture, 6th edition, by William Stallings.

2. Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach by John Hennessey.

3. Computer Organization and Architecture: Designing for Performance (7th Edition) by William

Stallings

4. The Essentials of Computer Organization And Architecture by Linda Null and Julia Lobur

5. Computer Organization by Carl Hamacher, Zvonko Vranesic, and Safwat Zaky

6. Schaum's Outline of Computer Architecture by Nick Carter.

21

APECE-310 Renewable Energy Technology 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Instruments: Radiation characteristics of materials: Absorptance, Emittance, Reflectance and Selective

Surfaces, Modes of heat transfer.

Solar Collectors: Flat plate collectors, Concentrating collectors, Solar distillation, Solar energy

systems for process heating, Solar Thermal Power generation and Solar refrigeration, Solar

thermal system optimization and performance study, Solar thermal modeling.

Solar Photovoltaic Energy Conversion: Solar cell fundamental, Basic principle, Types of solar

cells, P-N junction as photovoltaic cell, Heterojunction, Schottky barrier junction, Fabrication of

solar cell, Effect of environment on solar cells, (effect of irradiance once, and effect of tempe-

rature), Effect of shading, Thin film solar cell, Multiple sun solar cells, Fabrication of photovoltaic

modules and panels, Dimension of cells, Packing efficiency of cells in modules, Characterization of

cells and modules, Organic and polymer matrix for the fabrication of solar cell, Nanostructure Solar cell

Power Conditioning of Photovoltaic System: Batteries, Battery charge controllers. Inverters,

Maximum power point trackers (MPPT).

Different types of PV system: Stand-alone PV system. Grid-interconnection PV system and Hybrid

system, Design of PV system, Stand alone PV system sizing.

Other Non-conventional Energy Options: Wind, Geothermal, OTEC, Wave energy, Biomass, MHD,

Chemical energy, Fuel cell, Nuclear fusion.

Reference Books :

1. Solar Engineering of Thermal Processor, Duffie.

2. Applied solar energy an Introduction, A.B. Bienet.

3. Review of Renewable Energy Resources, M.S. Soda, S.S. Mather, M.A.S. Malik

4. Physics of Solar cells: From Principles to New Concepts, Peter Wurfel, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH &

Co. Germany.

5. Martin Green..

APECE-311 Laboratory Work 8 Credits ( Lectures)

Phase-1

1. To find the characteristics of JFET and hence design a single state amplifier (Vm curves, fvs Ax curve,

Bandwidth).

2. To find the characteristics of UJT and hence design a waveform generation circuit using UJT (VEB vs IE

curves. Trace waveforms at Emitter and Base-1 (or Base-2).

3. Design, Construction and testing of a regulated power supply (Vm-Vo and Vo-Lo Curves, Find voltage

regulation).

4. To study the characteristics and performance of a solar cell (I-V curve and Pmax)

5. Design, construction and testing of power control circuit using Triac and Diac (Trace Vi waveform by

oscilloscope, and hence compare theoretical and experimental Pout).

6. Determination of minority carrier lifetime of semiconductor using a LED and a LDR.

7. Design, construction and testing of Colpitt’s and also a crystal oscillator using BJT (Find Av of CE amp,

select fr, calculate L, C2, etc. for tank circuit. Then use this tank circuit, for colpitt’s oscillator. Replace tank

circuit. With a crystal for crystal oscillator, trace oscillation waveform).

8. Design, construction and testing of a complementary symmetry power amplifier (First design a driver CE

amp, with 2 resistors at collector. Find Av of this driver stage and then add power stage).

9. Design, construction and testing of a pulse width modulator for efficient inverter.

22

10. Design construction and testing of an amplitude modulator and demodulator circuit (Design a tuned CE

amp. And find resonant fr- use this as carrier signal modulating signal will be about fr/10 trace AM waveform.

Find mod index).

Phase – 2

11. To study the following characteristics of an op-amp – (a) Offset voltage, (b) Slew rate, (c) CMRR

(Common mode rejection ratio, (d) gain-band width product of an inverting (non-inverting) amplifier.

12. Design, construction and testing of the following circuits using op-amp.

13. Design, construction and testing of a low pass, high pass and bond elimination active filter using op-amp

(Plot f vs Av. Find f and f cutoff ).

14. Design, construction and testing of an astable, monostable and bistable multivibrations using BJT.

15. Design, construction and testing of an astable, monostable and bistable multivibrations using op-amp and

also design a voltage control oscillator (VCO) using 555 TC.

16. Design, construction and testing of a (a) code converter (Decimal to BCD), and (b) BCD to Decimal.

17. Design, construction and testing of a ring, ripple and a decade counter using JK, FFs. Also design a

module N counter using 7493 Binary counter.

18. To study the characteristics of an IC MUX realization of combinational circuits (Adder, Subtracter) using

IC MUX and reneration of complex waveform.

19. Use of 24138 decoder as a demultiplexer. Realization of 1-16 line demultiplexer and combinational

circuits using 74138.

20. Data communication using 8255 PPI.

21 Write a program in C to demonstrate inserting & delection of substring from string text.

22. Write a program to insert and delete data elements from an array of N elements using Queue & stack.

23. Write a program to insert and delete nodes from a linear array using Linked list.

24. Write a program to insert and delete elements from B tree.

25. There will be various other programming in C in order to implement some data structures.

Reference:

1. Practical Applied Physics and Electronics, Dr. Md. Sekul Islam, Pub: Dhaka University, 1989.

2. Algorithms in C, Robert Sedgewick. Addison-Wesley, 2000.

APECE-401 Optical Fiber Communication 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Introduction: Optical fibers; Structure, Step-index and graded-index fibers, Modes of propagation, modal

theory for circular waveguide, Modal equations, Waveguide equations, Power flow in optical fibers, Signal

degradation in optical fibers, Fiber attenuation, Distortion in optical guides, Dispersions, Mode coupling.

Optical Sources and Detectors: Light emitting diode (LED) and semiconductor laser diode (SLD), Structures,

Modulation capability, Transient response, Power bandwidth product, Modal noise, Temperature Effects and

reliability; p-i-n and avalanche photodetectors, Structures, Principles of operations.

Optical modulation and detection schemes, Direct and coherent detection receivers: configuration, operation,

noise sources, sensitivity calculation, performance curves, Optical Amplifiers, Design of analog and digital

receivers.

Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM), Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) and Optical

frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission schemes.

Optical data coding, links, power budget. Optical data buses, optical networks, Fiber Distributed Data

Interface (FDDI) and Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)/SDH.

Reference Books:

23

1. Optical Fiber Communications, Principles and Practice (2nd

edition), John M. Senior.

2. Fiber-Optic Communications Technology, Djafar K Maenbaev.

APECE-402 Microwave and Satellite Communication 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Microwave generation: Klystrons, Reflex Klystrons, Magnetrons and other devices, Microwave tubes,

Microwave components, Microwave measurements, power, frequency, wavelength, microwave transmission

media, Anisotropy media, impedance, Hollow, surface wave, dielectric waveguide, waves on a transmission

line, standing wave ration, quarter wave transformers.

Micro-strip lines: wave propagation and micro-strip lines, dielectric constants, characteristic impedance,

attenuation factors.

Microwave Circuit Design: Low frequency parameters, s-, y-, z-, h-parameter, ABCD parameters,

transmission matrix, passive circuit design, the Smith Chart, mixer design, microwave control circuit design,

wireless microwave systems, noise in microwave circuits, Microwave IC, HMICs, MMICs.

Microwave Engineering for wireless system: Microwave networks, Active networks, Design of matching

networks, Noise, Microwave link, Rectifier and Detector Design, Frequency and Modulation Techniques,

Transmitting and Receiving Equipment.

Satellite Communication: Introduction, Orbits, station keeping, satellite altitude, transmission path, path

loss, noise consideration, satellite system, saturation flux density, effective isotropic radiated power, multiple

access methods, earth station antenna, satellite link design, frequency plan, satellite communication for

Internet, VSAT network, One-way, two-way and open-sky satellite communication, GNSS-GPS and Galioleo

systems and GIS, Satellite Navigation, DBS-TV.

Radar: Basic principles, Radar equation, factors influencing maximum range, effect of noise, power and

frequencies used in Radar, types of Radar, Basic pulsed Radar system, Modulators, receivers, Bandwidth

requirements, factors governing pulse characteristics, Duplexer, moving target indicator (MTI), tracking

Radar systems and search systems.

Reference Books:

1. Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics, Mathew M. Radmanesh, Pearson Education.

2. Electromagnetic waves and radiating systems, Zedan and Balmani.

3. Foundations for Microwave Engineering, R. E. Collin, McGraw Hill.

4. Microwave devices and Circuits, S. Y. Lao.

5. Satellite Communication, Robert M Gagliardi

6. Satellite Communications, Timothy Pratt, Charles W. Bostian

7. Principle of Radar communication, Grolsky.

APECE-403 Data Communication and Computer Network 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Data Communication Networking: Data communication model, Network topologies, Protocol layer

architecture, OSI reference architecture, TCP/IP reference architecture, Local area network (LAN),

metropolitan area network (MAN) and wide area network (WAN), Circuit switching versus packet switching,

Datagram and virtual circuits, LAN, MAN and WAN standards, Network Interconnections – bridges, hubs,

switches, routers and gateways.

24

Physical Layer and Media: Analog and digital data transmission, Spectrum and bandwidth, Data rate and

channel capacity, Transmission impairments; Twisted-pair, Co-axial and Fiber-optic cable, Wireless media;

Multiplexing – Frequency division multiplexing, International FDR carrier standards, Synchronous time

division multiplexing (TDM) and international TDR carrier standards, Statistical TDM and wavelength

division multiplexing; Digital data, digital signals: Signal encoding schemes – NRZ, NRZ-L, NRZI, Bipolar-

AMI and pseudoternary, Manchester and differential Manchester, B8ZS, HDB3, etc.

Data Link Layer: Asynchronous and synchronous transmission, Flow control and error control, Data link

layer protocols – Stop-and-wait flow control, Sliding window flow control, Stop-and-wait ARQ, Go back N

ARQ, selective repeat ARQ; Error detection and error correction, HDLC, PPP; Medium Access Control

(MAC) Sublayer: Multiple access protocols – ALOHA, CSMA, CSMA/CD, Binary exponential backoff

algorithm, MACA; IEEE802.2 LLC.

Network standards: IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) specifications, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, 10 Gigabit

Ethernet; IEEE802.11 (WiFi) protocol architecture, Physical layer, MAC sublayer; IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX)

Standard; Frame relay, ATM.

Network Layer: Network layer design issues – Store and forward packet switching, Implementation of

connectionless service, Implementation of connection-oriented service; Routing algorithms – The optimality

principle, Shortest path routing, Flooding, Distance vector routing, Link state routing, Broadcast and multicast

routing, Routing in ad-hoc networks; Congestion control, QoS; Network layer in the Internet – the Internet

Protocol (IP), IP address, IPv4, IPv6, Mobile IP, Internet control protocols – ICMP, ARP, RARP, DHCP;

OSPF, BGP.

Transport Layer: The transport service, UDP, TCP, TCP congestion control.

Network Security: Introduction to network security, Encryption – DES, AES, Public key encryption and

digital signatures, IP security, Authentication protocols.

Recommended Books:

1. Data and Computer Communications by W. Stalling, Macmillan, 1997

2. Computer Networks by A.S. Tanenbaum, Prentice Hall

3. Data Communications and Networking by Behrouz A. Forouzan.

APECE-404 Digital Signal Processing 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Introduction: Signals, Systems and Signal Processing, Classification of Signals, Analog-to-Digital and

Digital-to-Analog Conversion.

Discrete Time Signals and Systems: Discrete Time Signals, Discrete Time Systems, Analysis of Discrete

Time Linear Time-Invariant Systems, Discrete Time Systems Described by Difference Equations, Correlation

of Discrete-Time Signals

The Z-Transform: The z-transform, properties of z-Transform, Rational z-Transform, Inversion of z-

transform, One-sided z-transform, Analysis of Linear Time-Invariant Systems in the z-Domain.

Frequency Analysis of Signals and Systems: Frequency Analysis of Discrete-Time Signals, Properties of

the Fourier Transform for Discrete Time Signals, Frequency Domain Characteristics of Linear Time Invariant

Systems.

Discrete Fourier Transform: Frequency Domain Sampling: The Discrete Fourier Transform, Properties of

the DFT, Frequency Analysis of Signals Using DFT

Fast Fourier Transform: FFT Algorithms, Application of FFT Algorithms, Quantization Effects in the

Computation of the DFT

Digital Filter Design: Structures of FIR and IIR Filters, Design of FIR filters using: windows method,

Frequency Sampling Method, Chebyshev Approximation Method, Design of IIR Filters: Impulse Variance,

Bilinear Transform, Approximation of Derivatives.

Reference Books:

25

1. Digital Signal Processing – Principles, Algorithms and Applications, JG Proakis and DG Manolakis.

2. Digital Signal Processing, Ifeachor and Jervis.

3. Digital Signal Processing, Thomas J Cavicchi.

4. Adaptive Filters, Simon Haykin.

APECE-405 Scientific, Industrial and Biomedical Instrumentation 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Instrument Classification & Characteristics: Instrument classification, Standards, Static Characteristics of

Instruments, Dynamic Characteristics of Instruments, Calibration, Choice of Instruments.

Measurement system errors: Introduction, Systemic errors, Random errors, Total measurement of system

errors.

Instrument Calibration: Introduction, Process instrument calibration, Standards laboratories, Validation of

standards laboratories, primary reference standards, trace ability, Documentation un the work place.

Instrumentation and measurements: Significance and methods of measurements, direct and indirect

method, and standard Types of Instruments.

Transducers : Active and passive type, application realms of transducer

Analog Voltmeters: RMS and quasi-responding voltmeters. Average responding voltmeters, Amplifier

driven type, D'Arsonvel types, Direct compile type, chopper type, Potentiometric type, Accuracy and error of

analog Voltmeters.

Analog Ammeters: Different types of ammeters, Accuracy and error of analog ammeters.

Digital voltmeters: Stair-case ramp type, Successive approximation type, Integrating type, Dual slope inte-

grating type, Delta pulse modulation type.

Oscilloscopes: Single beam, Dual beam, Sampling, and storage types, Conversion of single beam to multi

beam oscilloscope. Oscilloscope measurements – Digital signal measurement, FFT measurement, Basic time

domain reflectometry.

Signal generators: Sine wave sources , Imperfection in sine wave sources – Frequency accuracy, frequency

stability, Amplitude accuracy, Distortion, Spurious responses, Close-in sidebands Sweep frequency

generators, Function generators, Pulse generators, RF Signal generators, Frequency synthesizer.

Analyzers: Wave analyzer, Spectrum analyzer: Bank of filters spectrum Analyzers, FFT spectrum Analyzers,

Swept spectrum Analyzers, Network analyzers, Distortion Analyzers, RF power measurement, RF power

meter.

Analytical instruments: pH meter, Thermal conductivity meters, Gas chromatography, Spectrophotometers

and Mass Spectrophotometers.

Medical instruments: ECG, EEG, EMG, Blood-dialysis machine, Endoscopy, Blood sugar meter, Blood

pressure meter, Analog and digital Pace makers.

Imaging system: X-ray, CT scan, Ultrasonic imaging system, Magnetic imaging system.

Industrial Instruments: Measurement and control of temperature, pressure, flow, strain, acceleration,

Vibration, Liquid level and humidity.

Data Acquisition: Data loggers, Data acquisition and control, PC-based instrumentation, Grounding of instru-

mentation.

Geographical Prospecting and Remote Sensing: Seismic reflection & refraction method, Electrical,

Magnetic, & Gravity methods, Instrumentation for remote sensing & SAR.

Reference Books:

1. Instrumentation Measurements ajut Feedbu, ti. B.E. Jones.

2. Electronic Instrumentation and Heasttrem.'n; Techniques, W.D. Copper,

3. Instrumentation Technology, B.B. Jones, Butterworths.

4. Elements of Electronic Instrumentation & Measurements, Joseph J. Carr.

26

APECE-406 Semiconductor and VLSI Technology 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Physics of Semiconductor: Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductor, Compound Hetrosturcture Semiconductors,

Group III-V, III-nitride and II-V semiconductors, Band gap Engineering.

Vacuum Science and Plasma: Production of Vacuum, Pressure ranges and Vacuum Pumps: Ion Pump, Oil

Free Pump, Turbo Molecular Pump, Vacuum Seals and Pressure Measurements, The DC Glow Discharge and

RF Discharge, High-Density Plasma,

Crystal Growth Technology: Phase Diagram and Solid Solubility, Metallurgical Grade and Electronic Grade

of Growth, Purification of Grown Crystals, Czhorkralski method, Wafer Preparation and Specifications,

Shaping of Wafers, Solution growth, sol gel method, traveling heater method, zone processes: Zone refining

and zone leveling, polysilicon and amorphous silicon deposition.

Epitaxial growth: Epitaxy, Gas Kinetics, Vapor Phase Epitaxy, Molecular Beam Epitaxy, Metal Organic

Chemical Vapor Deposition, Organo Metallic Vapor Phase Epitaxy, HVPE, Gas Source MBE and Chemical

Beam Epitaxy, Atomic Layer Deposition.

Clean Room: Clean room technology and contamination control, impurities control, Classification of Clean

Room, Design Strategy and construction of Clean Room.

Wafer Fabrication Technology: Preparation of Wafers: Scribing, Chemical Mechanical Polishing, Cleaning

and Inspection of Wafers.

Hot Processing and Ion Implantation:

Diffusion: Interstitial and substitutional diffusion, Diffusion in a concentration gradient, Fick’s 1

Dimensional Diffusion Equation, Diffusion Coefficients and Dopant Materials, Control of Impurities,

Formation of p-n junction in transistors by diffusion process for Impurities, Solid-source and liquid-

source diffusion system.

Passivation for Dielectrics: Thermal Oxidation and Nitridation, Polysilicon

Rapid Thermal Processing: Rapid thermal Activation of Impurities, Rapid Thermal Processing of

Dielectrics, Rapid Thermal Annealing Process, Silicidation and Formation of Contacts.

Ion Implantation: Idealized Ion Implantation System, Formation of Shallow Junction Buried

Dielectrics,

Pattern Transfer:

Basic Patterning, Fabrication of Optical Masks, Concepts on Mask, Optical Lithography,

Photolithography, Types of Photoresists, Photoresist Materials,

Non-optical Lithography: Direct Write Electron Beam Lithography, Projection X-ray Lithography,

Projection Electron Beam Lithography, E-beam and X-ray resists, Membrane Masks, Radiation

Damage in MOS Devices.

Etching: Wet Etching, Dry etching: Plasma Etching, Reactive Ion Etching, High-density Plasma

Etching, Lift-off techniques, Stripping of Resist Materials, Control and Measurement of Etch Profiles:

Profilometers and Scanning Electron Microscopic Measurements for Etched profiles.

Thin Films:

Physical Deposition: Evaporation and Sputtering: Physics of Sputtering, High-Density Plasma

Sputtering, Sputtering Methods, Stress in Deposited layers, Thermal Vacuum Deposition, Electron

Beam Deposition, and Deposition for Metallization.

Chemical Vapor Deposition: Simple CVD System and Deposition of Silicon and Oxide layers,

Chemical Equilibrium and the Law of mass Action, Low Pressure CVD, Plasma Assisted- and Plasma

Enhanced-CVD and Metal CVD.

Process Integration:

Device isolation, Contacts and Metallization: Junction and Oxide Isolation, LOCOS methods,

Trench isolation, Silicon on Insulator Isolation Techniques, SOS, SIMOX, Schottky Contacts, Ohmic

Contacts, Alloyed Contacts, Metallization, Formation of Contact Layers, Multilevel Metallization,

Planarization and Advanced Interconnects.

Assembly and Encapsulation:

27

Bonding and Packaging: Die Bonding, Wire Bonding, Wedge Bonding,

Packaging Processes: Package/Bare Die Strategy, Package Design, and Encapsulation.

Process and Device Evaluation: Wafer Electrical measurement, Physical measurement methods, Layer

thickness measurement, General Surface Characterization, Device Electrical Measurement.

Organic Semiconductors: Introduction to Organic Semiconductor, Application of Organic Semiconductor in

the Fabrication of Devices, Room Temperature Solution Growth and Synthesis for Organic Semiconductor,

Nanofabrication Technology: Introduction to nanofabrication

VLSI Technology: Introduction to CMOS Logic, The Complementary CMOS Inverter – DC Characteristics,

Basic CMOS Technology : Basic Long-channel device Behaviors, The Basic 3-micron technology, Device

Scaling, Latchup, A basic n-well CMOS Process, The p-well Process, Twin Tub Process, Silicon on Insulator,

Layout Design Rules, CMOS n-well Rules, Layer Assignments, SOI Rules, CMOS Logic Gate Design,

Typical CMOS NAND and NOR Delays, Transistor Sizing, CMOS testing, Manufacturing test Principles,

Design Strategy for Test, Chip-level test techniques, System-Level Test techniques, Fabrication of IC, PIC

and OEIC, Process Integration : Bipolar IC, MOS, NMOS and CMOS Technology.

Manufacturing of Integrated Circuits: Management of IC Fabrication House, Economic aspects of

fabrication industry, Yield Prediction and Yield Tracking, Yield Measurement Points, Accumulative Wafer-

Fabrication yield, Mechanism of Yield Loss in VLSI, Assembly, Modeling of Yield Loss, Reliability

Requirement of for VLSI, Failure Distribution and rates, Final Test yield, Scaling and limits to

miniaturization, speed-power product, Wafer Fabrication Costs, Factory-level Automation, Statistical Process

Control, Inventory and Quality Control, ISO 9000 Certification, Line Organization.

Reference Books:

1. The Science and Engineering of Microelectronic Fabrication, Stephen A. Campbell, Oxford University

Press, 2001.

2. Fabrication Engineering at Micro and nano Scale, Stephen A. Campbell, Oxford University Press,

2007.

3. Quirk and Serda,

4. Microchip Fabrication: A Practical Guide to Semiconductor Processing, Peter Van Zant, McGraw

Hill,

5. VLSI Technology, SM Sze, McGraw Hill.

6. VLSI fabrication Principles: Silicon and Gallium Arsenide, Sorab K Gandhi, A Wiley Interscience

Publication John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

7. Integrated Circuit Fabrication Technology, David J Elliott.

8. Gallium Arsenide Processing Technique, R.E. Williams.

9. Metal Semiconductor Contacts, E.H. Rhoderick and R.H. Williams.

10. VLSI Handbook, Einspruch, N.J., McGraw Hill.

11. Silicon Processing. for VLSI era, Wolf & Touber.

12. Principles of CMOS Technology: A Systems Perspective, Neil H E Weste and Kamran Eshraghian,

Pearson Education (Singapore) Pte Limited.

13. The Growth of Crystal for the Melt, I C Brice.

14. Stringfellow, OMVPE Growth.

APECE-407 Control Engineering 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Introduction: Introduction to control systems, Definitions and Mathematical background.

Writing System Equations: State concepts, Transfer function and block diagram, Mechanical translation

systems, Mechanical rotational systems.

28

Solution of Differential Equations: Standard inputs to Control systems, Steady-state response and transient

response.

Laplace Transform: Definition, Laplace transform theorems, Application of the Laplace transforms to

differential equations, Inverse transformation, Heaviside partial-fraction expansion theorems.

System Representation: Block diagrams, Determination of the over I transfer junction, Standard block

diagram I A terminology, Simulation digamms, Signal flow graphs.

Control System Characteristics: Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion, Feedback system types, Analysis of

system. types, Steady-Mate error coefficients, Non unity-feedback system.

Root Locus: Plotting roots of a characteristics equation, Qualitative analysis of the root locus, Op-M-loop

transfer function, Poles of the control ratio, Applications Of the magnitude and angle condition.

Frequency Response: Correlation of the sinusoidal. and time responses, Frequency response curves, Bude

plots (Logarithmic plots), Geiser ;1frequency transfer function relationship, Nyquist’s criterion, definitions of

phase margin and their relation to stability.

Root Locus compensation Design: Introduction to design, transient response dominant complex poles,

additional significant poles, ideal integral cascade compensation (PI controller), Ideal derivative cascade

compensation (FD controller), FID controller, Introduction to feedback compensation.

Introduction Digital Control systems: Introduction, sampling, ideal sampling z-transform theorems,

synthesis in the z-domain (direct method), the inverse z-transform, zero-order hold, analog controller design,

basics of digital control, representation of digital control systems in s-plane and z-plane, interpretation of pole-

zero maps in z-plane, frequency-folding effects, digital design by emulation

Reference Books:

1. Linear Control System and Design, John J D Azzo and Constantine, 4th Edition.

2. Control Engineering. C.C. Bissel, 2nd Tuition, 1904, Publisher ; Chapman & Hall.

3. Modern Control Systems, R.C. Dorf, 9th Edition, Publisher ; Addition Wesley.

4. Automatic Control systems, Kuo, EEE.

5. Control System, Kevin Warwick.

APECE-408 Communication Theory 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Spectral Analysis: Fourier Series, The Sampling Function, Response of a Linear System, Normalized Power,

Normalized Power in a Fourier Expansion, Power Spectral Density, The Fourier Transform, Convolution,

Parseval’s Theorem, Correlation between Waveforms, Autocorrelation.

Random Variables and Processes: Probability, Cumulative distribution function, Probability Density

Function, Tchebycheff’s Inequality, The Gaussian Probability Density, The Error Function, The Rayleigh

Probability Density, Correlation between random variables, the central-limitTheorem, Random Processes,

Autocorrelation, Power Spectral Density of a Sequence of Random Pulses, Power Spectral Density of Digital

Data, Effect of rudimentary filters of digital data, the complimentary error function.

Mathematical Representation of Noise: Some sources of noise, a frequency-domain representation of noise,

spectral components of noise, response of a narrowband filter to noise, effect of a filter on the power spectral

density of noise, superposition of noises, mixing involving noise, linear filtering, noise bandwidth, quadrate

components of noise, power spectral density of nc(t) and ns(t), Probability density of nc(t) ,ns(t) and their time

derivatives.

Information theory: Discrete message, the concept of amount of information, average information, Entropy,

Information rate, coding to increase average information per bit, shannon’s theorem, channel capacity,

capacity of a Gaussian channel, bandwidth-S/N tradeoff, use of orthogonal signals to attain Shannon’s limit,

efficiency of orthogonal signal transmission

Communication System and Noise Calculations: Resistor noise, multiple resistor noise sources, networks

with reactive elements, an example, available power, noise temperature, two ports, noise bandwidth, effective

29

input-noise temperature, noise figure, noise figure and equivalent noise temperature of a cascade, an example

of a receiving system, antennas, system calculation.

Reference Books:

1. Principles of Communication Systems

Author: Herbert Taub & Donald L. Schilling

Publisher: McGraw-Hill Book Company

APECE-409 Computer Peripherals and Interfacing 3 Credits (45 Lectures)

Peripherals: Keyboard: Keyboard function, & Keyboard display controller.

Printer: Types of Printer-, (.dot matrix, Laser inkjet,. etc.), Censorings interface, programming sequence,

Hardware overview, I/O configurations, and subsystem, Printer mechanism, new generation printer controller.

Hard Disk Drive (HDD): Overview of HDD organization, Disk drive types & interfacing, HDD commands &

Command block-, Controller design, Types of HDD. Universal Disk controller. 9224, HDD board layout.

FDD: Overview of FDD organization, FDD system interface, Disk drive types & interfacing, FDD

commands, Types of FDD, FDD interfacing Circuit, FDD 9216B.

CD ROM/CD Writer: Types of CD, Photo CD players, CD, DVD, Recording process of CD, Physical Charac-

teristics of CD.

Display Adapter: Color Monitors, CRT Interfacing, Video process Logic, Motorola 6845 CRT controller.

MDA Design organization, CGA, HGA, EGA, VGA, AGF, Display adapter device interfacing.

Others: Sensors, transducers and signal conditioning-circuits, interfacing memory and I/O devices, Some

special purpose interface cards, stepper motor.-, and peripheral devices.

Special Peripherals : Plotter, Light Pen, Joystick-. Digitizer T or Graphic Tablet, Mouse, Scanner, Sound

System.

Interfacing : Modern Serial & Parallel interfacing, RS232, IEEE-488. TSA & PCI buses, 8255 UART.

Peripheral worlds, sensor, transducers and signal conditioning circuit, Interfacing memory and I/O, optical

interfacing, study and applications of peripheral chips including 8212, 8155, 8251, 8279, 8237.

Reference Books:

1. IBM PC & Clones : Hardware, Troubleshooting & mainance, G. Govindarajahre.

2. Microcomputer Systems : Architecture, programming & Design, Yu Chong LILT,Glenn A Gilson

3. Interfacing to the IBM Personal Computer, Lewis C. Eggebrech, 2nd Edition, SAMS.

4. Microprocessor: Applications & softivare, Gaoakar.

5. Computer Peripherals, Barry Wilk-:nson,

APECE-410 Mobile Cellular Communication Credits: 03 (45 Lectures)

Evolution and concept of Mobile Radio Communication, Concept of Cellular Mobile System, Generations of

Cellular Mobile Systems, Specifications of Analog Cellular systems.

Cellular Mobile System Fundamentals: Frequency reuse and frequency planning, Co-channel interference,

Hand off, Traffic intensity, Grade of Service (GOS), Capacity calculation, Trunking efficiency, Cell splitting.

Mobile radio propagation: Propagation characteristics, Multipath propagation, Multipath fading, Delay spread,

Doppler shift, Models for radio propagation.

Frequency Management and Channel Assignment: Fundamentals, spectrum utilization, fundamentals of

channel assignment, fixed channel assignment, non-fixed channel assignment, traffic and channel assignment,

Sectorization.

30

Handoffs and Dropped Calls: Reasons and types, forced handoffs, mobile assisted handoffs and dropped call

rate.

Diversity Techniques: Concept of diversity branch and signal paths, carrier to noise and carrier to interference

ratio performance.

Digital Cellular Systems: Concept of TDMA and CDMA; IS-54/136 (NA-TDMA); GSM – GSM system

architecture, Protocol layers, GSM air interface specification, IS-95; Mobile Cellular Data Networks:

GPRS/EDGE, IMT-2000, UMTS, HSDPA/HSUPA.

Recommended Books:

1. Mobile Cellular Telecommunications – Analog and Digital Systems by William C.Y. Lee.

2. Cellular Mobile System Engineering by Saleh Faruque.

3. Wireless Digital Communication by Kamilo Feher.

4. Telecommunications Engineering by J. Dunlop and D.G. Smith.

APECE-411 Laboratory Work 6 Credits ( Lectures)

HARDWARE

1. Application of MUX and DEMUX.

a) Design a multiplexed 7-segment display unit

b) Complex waveform generation

c) Serial to parallel data transfer.

2. Determination of voltage standing wave ratio for microwave.

3. Design, implementation and study of a flash type A/D converter.

4. Design, implementation and study of a ladder type D/A converter.

5. Study of PLL IC: Modulation and Demodulation, Frequency synthesis, Lock range, λ aperture range

& FSK.

6. Study of characteristics of different transducers: thermocouple, thermistor LM35D2.

7. Design and implementation of CPU using ALUIC,.

8. Design and implementation of an ALU system using Arithmetic and logic Modules.

9. Design and implementation of different interfacing circuits using 8088-based trainer.

a) Data transmission and reception,

b) LED matrix and character generation.

10. Design and implementation of different interfacing circuits using 8088-based trainer:

a) Pulse detecting and display.

b) D/A converter.

11. Design, construction and analysis of a stepper motor driving system.

12. Design and implementation of systems using programmable microcontroller.

13. Design and implementation of Local area network (LAN).

SOFTWARE

(C/C++ PROGRAMMING)

1. Write a program to design and astable multibrator using 555/IC) discrete components (2-transistor

circuit).

2. Write a program to design a single stage common emitter amplifier using discrete components.

Numerical Analysis:

1. Interpolation, extrapolation.

31

2. Numerical solution of algebraic equation (Newton-Graphs on method Secant method, etc.)

3. Numerical solution of differential equation (various methods).

4. Numerical solution of partial differential equation.

5. Numerical intergration and differentiation.

6. Monte Carlo Calculation.

7. Prime number detection.

8. Random number generation.

Basic Data Structure & Algorithm:

1. Implementation of stack using linked list.

2. Implementation of queue using linked list.

3. Merge sort technique & Quick sort technique.

4. Traversing a graph.

5. Dynamic Programming : Implementation of Optimal Binary search tree.

6. Huffman’s algorithm implementation.

7. PCB – Minimum cost spanning trees.

8. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) etc.

Assembly Language Programming

1. Write a program to read a character, and if it’s an uppercase letter, display it/to convert lowercase letter

to uppercase.

2. Write a program to read a character, if it’s `y’ or `A’ display it, otherwise terminate the program.

3. Write a program to display a message by using MACRO/to display any ten decimal numbers.

4. Write a program to sum of 4 different numbers/to search add or even number.

5. Write a program to display any string in reverse order/to determine the length of any string.

6. Write a program to calculate largest number from N numbers/to sort 10 numbers in ascending order.

7. Write a program to display any 10 decimal numbers and its corresponding ASCII character etc.

APECE-412 Project Work 4 Credits

1. This four credits course consist of two parts, first one is a close work (i.e., complete

simulation and/or experimental work) (2 credits) supervised by a teacher of the department

and second one is viva-voce (2 credits).

2. A project report to be evaluated has to be submitted to examination committee. Submitted

project report will be evaluated based on two-examiners (from the same department) system.

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