SYLLABLESAbdulaziz Assanosi

Syllables

•Syllables consist of a centre of which has little or no sound.

•The centre of the syllables is called (nucleus)

•This means that the most important thing in vowel.

•Every syllable contains one vowel (compulsory) and one or more optional (consonants).

Types of syllables (common syllable)

• A minimum syllable in English language is composed of only one vowel [ɑː] , [ɔː], [ɜː].

• They are preceded and followed by silence.

• There are some minimal syllables with one syllabic consonant [m], [ʃ].

Types of syllables (common syllable)

• Some syllables have one or more consonant in the beginning (instead of silence)

• Consonant before the nucleus are called (onset)

• Examples of one word with one syllable that has onset and nucleus are:

• fɑː (Far)

• kiː (Key)

• mɔː (More)

Types of syllables (common syllable)

• Other syllables have consonant after the nucleus.

• Consonant/s after nucleus are called (coda)

• Examples of syllables with nucleus and coda are:

• æm (am)

• ɔːt (ought)

• iːz (ease)

Types of syllables (common syllable)

• The last type of syllable consist of all syllable components.

• onset – nucleus – coda

• Example of these syllables are:

• mɔːl (mall) fɪl (fill)

• ræn (ran) lʌv (love)

• Every one word can include more than one syllable from any of the types presented.

• A syllable which ends in nucleus (vowel) is open syllable, a syllable which end in a coda (consonant) is a closed syllable.

Don’t forget

• Every syllable should have ONE vowel sound.

• Think of sounds not letters when you divide words to syllables.

• There are some consonants which can act as vowels in syllable division, they are called (syllabic consonants).

•Use claps or beat to adjust syllable is helpful .

Syllabification Rules

• A word has as many syllables as vowel sounds; remember a final e is always silent. (few exceptions)

• Digraphs (th, ch, sh, ph, ck) stay together in syllabicating.

• When r follows a vowel, it is attached to the vowel in syllabizing.

• A compound word is made up of two or more smaller words. Syllable divisions occur between the words (birth/day, mail/man) and at other places as needed (bas/ket/ball).

Syllabification Rules

• The common word beginnings (ad-, al-, com-, can-, de-, dis-, en-, ex-, in-, im-, per-, and un-) form the first syllable of the word.

•Word endings (-cal, -ed, -ful, - ish, - ing, - ment, - ness, -tive, -sive, -ture, -tion, -sion, -ty, - ly, - fy, - ity, - less) usually are divided from the rest of the word forming the final syllable. (Exceptions: the ed forms a new syllable only if the verb root ends in d or t).

Syllabification Rules

•When le ends a word it forms a syllable with the preceding consonant.

•When two consonants or a consonant and a blend come between two vowels, the syllable division is between the consonants or the consonant and blend.

Syllabification Rules with examples

•A one-syllable word is never divided. boat good knelt smell

• Divide a compound word between the words that make up the compound word. pancake sunset airplane baseball

•When a word has a suffix with a vowel sound in it, divide the word between the base word and the suffix. melted softness sewing homeless.

Syllabification Rules with examples

•When a word has a prefix, divide the word between the prefix and the base word. exclaim distrust mislead unsold

• When two or more consonants come between two vowels in a word, the word is usually divided between the two consonants. hungry better suffer picture

Syllabification Rules with examples

• When a single consonant comes between two vowels in a word, the word is usually divided after the consonant if the first vowel is short. clever lemon robin travel

• When a single consonant comes between two vowels in a word, the word is usually divided before the consonant if the first vowel is long. music polar paper locate

• When a vowel is sounded alone in a word, it forms a syllable by itself. disobey alive monument uniform

Syllabification Rules with examples

•When two vowels come together in a word and are sounded separately, divide the word between the two vowels. radio diet cruel idea

•When a word ends in le preceded by a consonant, divide the word before that consonant. turtle cable thistle bicycle

Practice

End of the class

•Θæŋk ju: