sustainable street

7/22/2019 Sustainable Street

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SustainableSustainable

StreetsStreetsAn Emerging PracticeAn Emerging Practice

Ellen Greenberg,Ellen Greenberg,

AICPAICP

New Partners forNew Partners forSmart Growth 2009Smart Growth 2009


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Streets ProjectStreets Project Highlighting theHighlighting the

connections betweenconnections betweenurban street design andurban street design andsustainabilitysustainability

Introducing a definition ofIntroducing a definition ofSustainable StreetsSustainable Streets

Documenting projectsDocumenting projects

built and underbuilt and underconstructionconstruction

Sponsoring peerSponsoring peer--toto--peerpeer

exchangeexchange


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Photo: Marcy McInelly, SERA/Urbsworks

SustainableSustainableStreetsStreets

Concepts andConcepts and

DefinitionsDefinitions


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Sustainable StreetsSustainable Streets

Opportunities toOpportunities to

Pursue SustainabilityPursue Sustainability

ObjectivesObjectives

Planning and DesignPlanning and Design

ConstructionConstruction

Operations &Operations &

ManagementManagement Maintenance,Maintenance,

Restoration & RepairRestoration & Repair


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StreetsStreets Network design:Network design:

alignment, sizing,alignment, sizing,connectivityconnectivity

Allocation of right ofAllocation of right ofway spaceway space

Component design:Component design:paving, landscape,paving, landscape,lighting, furnishingslighting, furnishings

SubSub--grade engineeringgrade engineeringand designand design


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State of the PracticeState of the Practice

Many localities in planning and designMany localities in planning and design

phasesphases

Small number with pilot projects underwaySmall number with pilot projects underway

Smaller number of innovative earlySmaller number of innovative early

adoptersadopters

EarlyEarly--adopters incorporating sustainableadopters incorporating sustainable

street elements into design guidance,street elements into design guidance,

codes, and regulationscodes, and regulations


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Pillars of SustainablePillars of Sustainable

Street DesignStreet Design

MovementMovement

EcologyEcology

CommunityCommunity

Top photo: Ellen Greenberg

Bottom photo: City of Portland


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MovementMovement

The movement of peopleand goods by all on-street

modes and for all trippurposes and types.

Sustainable streets cancreate settings and facilities

for improved travelperformance with respect to

movement, community andecological objectives.


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Movement:Movement:

ObjectivesObjectives for Sustainabilityfor Sustainability1.1. Satisfactory levels ofSatisfactory levels of

accessibility andaccessibility and

reliabilityreliability2.2. Reduced VMT throughReduced VMT through

increased transit andincreased transit andnonnon--motorized modemotorized modeshare and shortershare and shorteraverage trip lengthaverage trip length

3.3. Vehicle speedsVehicle speeds

compatible with context,compatible with context,community objectives,community objectives,energy efficientenergy efficientoperations, and reducedoperations, and reduced

green house gasgreen house gasemissionsemissions

4.4. Independent mobility forIndependent mobility fornonnon--driversdrivers

5.5. Necessary access byNecessary access byemergency vehiclesemergency vehicles

6.6. Reduced portion of theReduced portion of the

average householdaverage householdbudget spent on travelbudget spent on travel

7.7. Significantly reducedSignificantly reduced

traveltravel--related injuries andrelated injuries andfatalitiesfatalities

8.8. High level of active travelHigh level of active travel


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Movement:Movement:

FeaturesFeatures for Sustainabilityfor Sustainability1.1. Highly connectedHighly connected

multimodalmultimodalmovement networkmovement networkthat minimizes thethat minimizes thesize of individualsize of individual

facilitiesfacilities2.2. Continuous andContinuous and

highlyhighly--connectedconnected

networks for transit,networks for transit,bike and pedestriansbike and pedestrians

3.3. Managed parkingManaged parking

supplysupply

4.4. Easy street crossingsEasy street crossings

5.5. Necessary access byNecessary access byemergency vehiclesemergency vehicles

6.6. Streets designed andStreets designed andoperated for slowoperated for slowspeeds.speeds.


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EcologyEcology

The resource value oflandscape and naturalelements within andbeyond the right ofway.

The ecological

processes affected bythe movement systemsupported by the street


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Ecology:Ecology:

ObjectivesObjectives for Sustainabilityfor Sustainability

1.1. Improved air qualityImproved air quality

2.2. Improved waterImproved waterquality; compliancequality; compliance

with NPDES programwith NPDES program3.3. Enhanced ecologicalEnhanced ecological

health andhealth and

productivityproductivity4.4. Reduced negativeReduced negative

effects of noiseeffects of noise

5.5. Mitigated urban heatMitigated urban heatisland effectisland effect

6.6. Reduced wasteReduced waste

7.7. Improved energyImproved energy

performanceperformance

8.8. Reduced use of potableReduced use of potable

and nonand non--potable waterpotable water

9.9. Preserved naturalPreserved natural

features and processesfeatures and processes

10.10.Reduced greenhouseReduced greenhousegas emissionsgas emissions


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Ecology:Ecology:

FeaturesFeatures for Sustainabilityfor Sustainability

1.1. Urban ForestUrban Forest2.2. Rainwater absorptionRainwater absorption

3.3. RaingardensRaingardens for rain andfor rain and

stormwater filtrationstormwater filtration4.4. Reduced pavementReduced pavement

surfacesurface

5.5. Use of reUse of re--used, recycled,used, recycled,rere--useable and recyclableuseable and recyclablecomponentscomponents

7.7. Permeable and nonPermeable and non--

reflective pavementreflective pavement

8.8. EnergyEnergy--efficient trafficefficient traffic

signals and lightingsignals and lighting

9.9. Use of nonUse of non--potable waterpotable water

10.10. Preserved naturalPreserved natural

features and processesfeatures and processes


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CommunityCommunity

Social, economic, publichealth, cultural and

aesthetic needs as well asenvironmental justice.

Urban development

patterns that reinforcemovement and ecological

goals.


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Community:Community:

ObjectivesObjectives for Sustainabilityfor Sustainability

1.1. PlacemakingPlacemaking::identity, distinctionidentity, distinctionand beauty throughand beauty throughnatural and builtnatural and built

featuresfeatures2.2. Supporting compactSupporting compact

and infilland infill

developmentdevelopment3.3. Local priorities,Local priorities,

traditions andtraditions and

resources reflectedresources reflectedin designin design

4.4. Positive public healthPositive public health

outcomes: physicaloutcomes: physicalactivity, safety, noiseactivity, safety, noiseexposureexposure

5.5. Sociability andSociability andcommunity lifecommunity life

6.6. Creating value forCreating value foradjoining propertiesadjoining properties

7.7. Significantly reducedSignificantly reduced

traveltravel--related injuriesrelated injuriesand fatalitiesand fatalities


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Community:Community:

FeaturesFeatures for Sustainabilityfor Sustainability

1.1. Public gatheringPublic gatheringplaces, parks,places, parks,outdoor diningoutdoor dining

2.2.

NarrowedNarrowedcarriageway width;carriageway width;"road diets""road diets"

3.3. Shared streets"Shared streets"and "festivaland "festivalstreets" forstreets" forcommunity eventscommunity events

4.4. Custom lighting,Custom lighting,

furnishings reflectingfurnishings reflectinglocal design traditionslocal design traditions

5.5. Access to adjoiningAccess to adjoiningpropertiesproperties

6.6. Landscaping withLandscaping withnative plantsnative plants

7.7. Improved aestheticImproved aestheticenvironmentenvironment


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WorkingWorking

DefinitionDefinition

Photo: Marcy McInelly, SERA/Urbsworks

Sustainable Streets areSustainable Streets are

multimodal rights of waymultimodal rights of way

designed and operated todesigned and operated to

create benefits relating tocreate benefits relating to

mobility, ecology, andmobility, ecology, andcommunity that togethercommunity that together

support a broadsupport a broad

sustainability agendasustainability agendaembracing the three Eembracing the three Ess

of environment, ecology,of environment, ecology,

and economy.and economy.


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SustainableSustainableStreets AlbumStreets Album


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Sustainable Streets Album:Sustainable Streets Album:

ThemesThemesStormwaterStormwater Plus:Plus: Managing stormwater as theManaging stormwater as the

primary design objectiveprimary design objectiveMovement Plus:Movement Plus: Higher volume streetsHigher volume streets

(15,000+ ADT) meeting a range of sustainability(15,000+ ADT) meeting a range of sustainability

goalsgoals

Downtown Revitalization Plus:Downtown Revitalization Plus: SpurringSpurring

economic activity and supporting compact andeconomic activity and supporting compact andinfill development.infill development.

Neighborhood Plus:Neighborhood Plus: Fostering communityFostering community

values, reducing transportation impacts,values, reducing transportation impacts,preserving natural resources.preserving natural resources.


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Album CloseAlbum Close--UpsUps

Stormwater PlusStormwater Plus Holladay Green Street,Holladay Green Street,

Portland. ORPortland. OR Taylor Avenue, Seattle, WATaylor Avenue, Seattle, WA

1212thth Street, Kansas City MOStreet, Kansas City MO

JoseyJosey Heights, Milwaukee, WIHeights, Milwaukee, WI

Movement Plus:Movement Plus:

Big StreetsBig Streets Aurora Avenue, Shoreline, WAAurora Avenue, Shoreline, WA Sandy Boulevard, Portland ORSandy Boulevard, Portland OR

Pacific Boulevard, Vancouver,Pacific Boulevard, Vancouver,BCBC

Revitalization PlusRevitalization Plus Riverfront Parkway andRiverfront Parkway and

Downtown Streets,Downtown Streets,Chattanooga, TNChattanooga, TN

11stst Street, Livermore, CAStreet, Livermore, CA

South 1South 1stst Street, San Jose, CAStreet, San Jose, CA

Neighborhood PlusNeighborhood Plus New Columbia, Portland, ORNew Columbia, Portland, OR

Pringle Creek, Salem, OregonPringle Creek, Salem, Oregon Garrison Woods, CalgaryGarrison Woods, Calgary

AlbertaAlberta


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Holladay Green Street, Gresham, OR

12th Street, Kansas City, MOJosey Heights, Milwaukee , WI

Taylor Avenue, Seattle, WA

Ima e: Kevin Perr

Stormwater Management PlusStormwater Management Plus


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1212thth StreetStreet

Kansas City,Kansas City,

MissouriMissouri

Contributor:Contributor:

BNIM ArchitectsBNIM Architects

Image: Jim Schuessler, BNIM Architects


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1212thth Street, Kansas City, MOStreet, Kansas City, MO

Construction andConstruction andplanting of trees, treeplanting of trees, treetrenches, lighting andtrenches, lighting andraingardensraingardens

Image: Jim Schuessler, BNIM Architects


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Taylor Avenue

Seattle, WA

Contributor: MithunImage: Mithun


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Project Context


Image: Mithun

S


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Reclaiming roadway forReclaiming roadway for

public realm, for bothpublic realm, for bothlivability and ecologicallivability and ecologicalfunctions.functions.

Supporting the City ofSupporting the City ofSeattleSeattles policy for publics policy for publicopen space in the Centralopen space in the CentralCityCity

18 38 36

Image: Mithun



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Image: CH2M Hill

Mobility Plus: HigherMobility Plus: Higher--volumevolume

Streets (20,000Streets (20,000 adtadt +)+)

Sandy Boulevard, Portland, ORSandy Boulevard, Portland, OR

Aurora Avenue, Shoreline, WAAurora Avenue, Shoreline, WA

Pacific Boulevard Vancouver, BCPacific Boulevard Vancouver, BC

Mobility Plus: Two Types of


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1. Addressing fundamental provisions for1. Addressing fundamental provisions for

transit and nontransit and non--motorized transportmotorized transport

2.2. Using street design in revitalization toUsing street design in revitalization totransform both the corridor right of waytransform both the corridor right of way

and adjoining properties or districts.and adjoining properties or districts.

Mobility Plus: Two Types of

Projects

SandySandy


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SandySandy

BoulevardBoulevard

Image: Nevue / Nguen

Portland, OR

Contributors:

Nevue / Nguen andCity of Portland

S d l d l d OS d B l d P tl d OR


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Sandy Boulevard, Portland, ORSandy Boulevard, Portland, OR

Project goals for this redesign of a connector street carryingProject goals for this redesign of a connector street carryingalmost 30,000almost 30,000 adtadt include:include:

Enhance Pedestrian Safety and ConvenienceEnhance Pedestrian Safety and Convenience

Provide Good Connections Between NeighborhoodsProvide Good Connections Between Neighborhoods

Improve DriversImprove Drivers Safety and ConvenienceSafety and ConvenienceSupport Access to Businesses and Residential NeighborhoodsSupport Access to Businesses and Residential Neighborhoods

Improve Bicycle Safety and ConvenienceImprove Bicycle Safety and Convenience

Increase Safety and Convenience for Transit UsersIncrease Safety and Convenience for Transit Users

Enhance LandscapingEnhance Landscaping

Support the Community IdentitySupport the Community Identity

S d B l d P tl d OR


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This plan shows the special featuresthat incorporate stormwater

management into landscape design,

lending distinction and identity as well

as functionality at these locations.


Sandy Boulevard, Portland, OR



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Pacific BoulevardPacific Boulevard

Images: City of Vancouver Planning Department

Vancouver, BritishVancouver, British

ColumbiaColumbia

Contributors:Contributors:

Elizabeth MacdonaldElizabeth Macdonald

and the City ofand the City of

Vancouver, BCVancouver, BC

Pacific Boulevard Vancouver BC


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Pacific BoulevardPacific Boulevards reconstruction,s reconstruction,

underway in 2009, is intended tounderway in 2009, is intended to activate and green the streetactivate and green the street

improve facilities and conditions forimprove facilities and conditions forbicyclists and walkersbicyclists and walkers

maintain high throughmaintain high through--capacitycapacity

Pacific Boulevard, Vancouver, BC

Pacific Boulevard Vancouver BCPacific Boulevard Vancouver BC


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Pacific Boulevard, Vancouver, BCPacific Boulevard, Vancouver, BCMultiway Boulevard SegmentMultiway Boulevard Segment

Image: City of Vancouver Planning Department


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Downtown RevitalizationDowntown Revitalization

PlusPlus

Riverfront Parkway & Downtown Streets, Chattanooga, TN

South First Street, San Jose, CA

First Street, Livermore, CA

Riverfront Parkway and


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Downtown StreetsChattanooga, Tennessee

Contributors: City of Chattanooga

and River City Company

Supporting compact development andSupporting compact development andrere--use while revitalizing the Downtownuse while revitalizing the Downtown



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y

Downtown Streets, Chattanooga, TN

Roadway Modifications

Image: City of Chattanooga and River City Company

Riverfront Parkway, Chattanooga, TN


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Riverfront Parkway, Chattanooga, TN

Before Conditions

Image: City of Chattanooga and River City Company

Reconstructed Riverfront Parkway


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Image: City of Chattanooga

y



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Before it felt like a highway, and nowBefore it felt like a highway, and now

feels like a road through a park. Thefeels like a road through a park. The

example offers good transferability too,example offers good transferability too,because other cities do have those uglybecause other cities do have those ugly

highways along the riverfront and thehighways along the riverfront and theoceanocean--front.front.

y

Downtown Streets

Contributors Perspective

South 1South 1stst St /St. /


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South 1South 1 St. /St. /

DowntownDowntownTransit MallTransit Mall

Image: Ellen Greenberg

San Jose, CA

Contributor:City of San Jose

South 1South 1stst St. / Downtown TransitSt. / Downtown Transit


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Transit Mall with lightTransit Mall with light

rail running between tworail running between tworows of trees at sidewalkrows of trees at sidewalk

height.height.

Putting transit in thePutting transit in the

pedestrian realm.pedestrian realm.

South 1South 1 St. / Downtown TransitSt. / Downtown Transit

Mall, San Jose, CAMall, San Jose, CA

Image: Ellen Greenberg


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New Columbia, Portland, ORPringle Creek Community, Salem, OR

Garrison Woods, Calgary, AL

Neighborhood PlusNeighborhood Plus

New


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ColumbiaStreet Plan

Portland, OR

Contributors:SERA

Urbsworks

New Columbia,


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Highly connected streetHighly connected street

grid replacedgrid replacedwormwormstreet patternstreet pattern

Small blocks (300Small blocks (300byby

600600), public alleys and), public alleys and

midmid--block pedestrianblock pedestrian

accessaccess--waysways

Image Marcy McInelly, SERA-Urbsworks

Portland, OR

New Columbia,


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Stormwater flows intoStormwater flows into

planters in the publicplanters in the publicway, where it filtersway, where it filters

naturally into the soil.naturally into the soil.

Portland, OR

Image Marcy McInelly, SERA-Urbsworks

Foundations for an emergingFoundations for an emerging


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g gg g

practicepracticeAn expanded knowledge base forAn expanded knowledge base for

Sustainable StreetsSustainable StreetsAn improved palette of design techniquesAn improved palette of design techniques

for each of the three dimensions offor each of the three dimensions of

movement, community, and ecology, andmovement, community, and ecology, and

New planning tools that supportNew planning tools that support

sustainable streets in practicesustainable streets in practice

Knowledge BaseKnowledge Base


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Knowledge BaseKnowledge Base

Effectiveness of specific techniquesEffectiveness of specific techniques

Impact on street operationsImpact on street operations Safety ImplicationsSafety Implications

Implementation costImplementation cost

Maintenance RequirementsMaintenance Requirements

Performance over timePerformance over time

Role of street in supporting economicRole of street in supporting economicactivityactivity

Role of Street in TransportationRole of Street in Transportation


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pp

PerformancePerformance

Implications for vehicle use and associatedImplications for vehicle use and associated

emissionsemissions

Specific understanding of the role of theSpecific understanding of the role of thestreet in supporting travel benefits ofstreet in supporting travel benefits of

compact communitiescompact communities

Now Underway:Now Underway:


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y

Implementing Smart Growth StreetsImplementing Smart Growth Streets Definitions and concepts with input fromDefinitions and concepts with input from

expert peer reviewersexpert peer reviewers

Additional categoriesAdditional categories

Green Streets / Green buildingsGreen Streets / Green buildings

MultiwayMultiway BoulevardsBoulevards CompleteComplete--lyly Green StreetsGreen Streets

Standout StreetsStandout Streets

Focus on cost, funding and institutionalFocus on cost, funding and institutionalarrangementsarrangements

Portland MetroPortland Metro


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New ResourcesNew Resources

What is GreenWhat is Green

Infrastructure?Infrastructure?


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Managementapproaches and

technologies that utilize,

enhance and/or mimicthe natural hydrologic

cycle processes of

infiltration,

evapotranspiration and

reuse.

U.S. EPA



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Design InnovationDesign Innovation


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Design InnovationDesign Innovation

Inclusion of techniques into designInclusion of techniques into design

guidanceguidance Development and testing of new designsDevelopment and testing of new designs

Establishment of knowledge baseEstablishment of knowledge baseregarding the utility of new designs forregarding the utility of new designs for

meeting sustainability objectivesmeeting sustainability objectives

Planning Tools:Planning Tools:


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Functional ClassificationFunctional Classification Baseline standards for each of the 3Baseline standards for each of the 3

functional areas:functional areas: MovementMovement

EcologyEcology

CommunityCommunity

Design of individual facilities required toDesign of individual facilities required to

meet baseline standards and surpassingmeet baseline standards and surpassingthem whenever possiblethem whenever possible



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AnAn opportunityopportunity to transform theto transform the

public rights of way in our cities andpublic rights of way in our cities andtowns in order to createtowns in order to create harmonyharmony

amongamong

thethe Goals of CommunityGoals of Community,,

thethe Demands of MobilityDemands of Mobility, and, andthethe Mandate for EnvironmentalMandate for EnvironmentalStewardshipStewardship


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An Emerging PracticeAn Emerging Practice

Ellen GreenbergEllen Greenberg

[email protected]@ellengreenberg.com

http://http://stc.ucdavis.edu/outreach/ssp.phpstc.ucdavis.edu/outreach/ssp.php
http://stc.ucdavis.edu/outreach/ssp.phphttp://stc.ucdavis.edu/outreach/ssp.phphttp://stc.ucdavis.edu/outreach/ssp.phphttp://stc.ucdavis.edu/outreach/ssp.phphttp://stc.ucdavis.edu/outreach/ssp.php

sustainable street

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