sustainable futures for research communication
TRANSCRIPT
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Sustainable Futures for Research Communication
The Political Economics of Scholarly Publishing
@cameronneylonhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-716X
Slides: http://www.slideshare.net/CameronNeylon/sustainable-futures-for-research-communication
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To read the paper search for site:cameronneylon.net goods scholarly marketplace
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Most of what we say about sustainability is nonsense
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A lot of what we ask people to do for sustainability will never work
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He who receives an idea from me, receives instruction himself without lessening mine; as he who lights his taper at mine, receives light without darkening me.
Thomas Jefferson
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Groups make knowledge…
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…knowledge is a club good
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How do we sustain public-making?
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• Collective (Public-Like) Goods are difficult for large groups to provision• Small groups can work together• Large groups will fail except under
specific circumstances
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How do we sustain public-making?
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How do we sustain the club?
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Institutionalizing the scholar
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Institutions are the the prescriptions that humans use to organize all forms of repetitive and structured interactions
Ostrom – Governing the Commons
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Hartley and Potts – Cultural Science
Culture [and institutions] make groups.
Groups make knowledge.
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The publishing systems is a collective good
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One purpose of universities is to force professional scholars to publish
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Institutionalizing the publisher
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http://doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2016.0026
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A journal is a club
Potts et al – SSRN
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Club size is limited by friction in access to the club good
Potts et al – SSRN
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Journal Club Knowledge Club
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Journal Club Knowledge Club
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Journal Club Knowledge Club
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https://www.flickr.com/photos/pedrosimoes7/7018543323Pedro Ribeiro SimõesCC BY
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A brief data interlude…
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• Collective (Public-Like) Goods are difficult for large groups to provision• Small groups can work together• Large groups can only succeed by
applying one of three special cases• Compulsory funding (taxation)•Non-collective goods as a side
effect•Oligopoly
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Crossref phased through all three modelsCrossref provides a public good in the form of freely accessible bibliographic metadata and the infrastructure that supports it.Three phases1. Effective oligopoly: 5-7 publishers dominate the space and were
essentially able to act unilaterally to set up and support Crossref2. Non-collective side benefit: Members join to be able to assign
DOIs and to gain the benefits of traffic through the referrer3. Compulsory contribution: No (STM) publisher will be taken
seriously unless it is assigning Crossref DOIs. Membership is (close to) effectively compulsory for a serious publisher.
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Implementation Models1. Oligopoly: Generally of funders or publishers, there are too many
institutions. EuropePMC is an example.2. Non-collective side-product: Needs to be a natural service or non-
collective good generated as part of public good provisioning. Very few good examples in open data world and this is predictable, failure often results in a turn to a subscription model eg TAIR
3. Compulsion: Either compulsory membership models (professional certification is an example) or top slicing/overheads models
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What about the library…?
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What way forward?
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1. Control over capital (the Marxist revolution)
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2. Focus on community building
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3. Support collective models
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4. Define service requirements
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5. Build infrastructures
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No taxation without representation
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• Broad coverage• Stakeholder governed• Non-discriminatory• Transparent operations• Cannot lobby• Living will• Incentives to wind down
• Time-limited funds only for time-limited uses
• Generate a surplus• Contingency fund• Revenue from services• Mission consistent
• Can be “forked”• Open Source• Open Data• Available Data• Patent non-assertion
Governance Financial sustainability Community insurance
Bilder G, Lin J, Neylon C 2015 Principles for Open Scholarly Infrastructure-v1, Available at http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1314859
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Prestige = Price
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Build sustainable communities in an environment where public-making
is good for those communities
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@cameronneylonhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-0068-716X
Slides: http://www.slideshare.net/CameronNeylon/sustainable-futures-for-research-communication
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