susan cartwright idm2000 antares : vstatus u site evaluation u demonstrator u detector design...
TRANSCRIPT
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
ANTARESANTARES::
StatusStatus site evaluationsite evaluation demonstratordemonstrator detector designdetector design
ProspectsProspects physics aimsphysics aims neutralino neutralino
detectiondetection
status and status and prospectsprospects
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
ANTARESANTARES Collaboration Collaboration
FranceFrance CPPM MarseilleCPPM Marseille DSM/DAPNIA Saclay (CEA)DSM/DAPNIA Saclay (CEA) IReS StrasbourgIReS Strasbourg Universite d’Haute-Alsace Universite d’Haute-Alsace
MulhouseMulhouse Centre d’Oceanologie de Centre d’Oceanologie de
MarseilleMarseille Institut Francais de Institut Francais de
Recherche pour Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer l’Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)(IFREMER)
INSU-CNRS/IGRAP ProvenceINSU-CNRS/IGRAP Provence
SpainSpain IFIC ValenciaIFIC Valencia
NetherlandsNetherlands NIKHEF AmsterdamNIKHEF Amsterdam
United KingdomUnited Kingdom University of BirminghamUniversity of Birmingham University of OxfordUniversity of Oxford University of SheffieldUniversity of Sheffield
RussiaRussia ITEP MoscowITEP Moscow
ItalyItaly Universita di BariUniversita di Bari Universita di BolognaUniversita di Bologna Universita di CataniaUniversita di Catania LNS-CataniaLNS-Catania Universita di RomaUniversita di Roma Universita di GenovaUniversita di Genova
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
PrinciplesPrinciples
neutrinos from • astrophysical sources• neutralino annihilation• cosmic ray interactions
detected and detected and reconstructed reconstructed via Cerenkov via Cerenkov radiation from radiation from produced produced muonmuon
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
SiteSite
30 km30 km off off ToulonToulon
Depth Depth 2400 m2400 m
sky coverage sky coverage 3.6π sr3.6π sroverlap with overlap with AMANDAAMANDA 0.6π sr0.6π sr
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
Site evaluationSite evaluation
uncorrelated on scales of uncorrelated on scales of ~20 m~20 m
Background ratesBackground rates
bioluminescencebioluminescence
4040KK
Biofouling and Biofouling and sedimentationsedimentationtransmission lossestransmission losses <1.5%/year<1.5%/year
Water transparency at 466 Water transparency at 466 nmnm
absorption length 60 mabsorption length 60 mscattering length >100 scattering length >100
mm
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
Demonstrator stringDemonstrator string
Part-instrumented line Part-instrumented line deployed November 1999 – deployed November 1999 – June 2000June 2000 deployment site 40 km from deployment site 40 km from
Marseille at 1100 mMarseille at 1100 m six 8”, one 10” hemispherical six 8”, one 10” hemispherical
phototubesphototubes also CTD, tiltmeters, acoustic also CTD, tiltmeters, acoustic
positioning system, etc.positioning system, etc. read out via 37 km electro-read out via 37 km electro-
optical cableoptical cable over 50000 7-fold coincidences over 50000 7-fold coincidences
(downgoing muons) recorded(downgoing muons) recorded
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
Demonstrator string Demonstrator string positioningpositioning
2 cm
compass data indicate no twist, compass data indicate no twist, heading stable to 2° over 1 weekheading stable to 2° over 1 week
tiltmeter shows tilt stable to 0.2°tiltmeter shows tilt stable to 0.2° straight string inclined at 2.5° to straight string inclined at 2.5° to
verticalvertical Rangemeter–transponder Rangemeter–transponder
distances have distances have typically typically 5 cm or less5 cm or less
12 distances,12 distances,global fit comparedglobal fit comparedto tiltmeter datato tiltmeter data
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
Demonstrator string eventsDemonstrator string events
hyperbolic hyperbolic fitfit
hits tagged hits tagged as as 4040K by K by reconstruction reconstruction softwaresoftware
c x timec x time
heig
ht
above s
eafloor
heig
ht
above s
eafloor
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
Demonstrator string resultsDemonstrator string results
angular distribution of observed tracks angular distribution of observed tracks in good agreement with MCin good agreement with MC
timing residuals small and consistent timing residuals small and consistent with MCwith MC
± 5 ns
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
Detector designDetector design
Optical Modules
Electronics Container
Calibration Beacon
Hydrophone
Umbilical Cable
450 m
450 m
12 m12 m
Junction Junction BoxBox
power power in, in, signal signal out via out via 40 km 40 km cablecable
13 strings, 30 storeys/string, 3 OM/storey;13 strings, 30 storeys/string, 3 OM/storey;first 100 m uninstrumentedfirst 100 m uninstrumented
60 m60 m
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
Angular resolutionAngular resolution
~0.4° at high energies ~0.4° at high energies dominated by intrinsic muon/neutrino angle at low dominated by intrinsic muon/neutrino angle at low
energiesenergies
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
Energy resolutionEnergy resolution
muon energy estimated at high energy by catastrophic muon energy estimated at high energy by catastrophic energy loss (resolution ~factor 3 above 1 TeV)energy loss (resolution ~factor 3 above 1 TeV)
at low energy (< 100 GeV) use muon range in contained at low energy (< 100 GeV) use muon range in contained eventsevents
Etrue – Erec
Etrue
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
Physics AimsPhysics Aims
neutrino oscillationsneutrino oscillations via modification of via modification of
shape of energy shape of energy spectrumspectrum
neutrinos from neutralino neutrinos from neutralino self-annihilationself-annihilation in regions of high in regions of high
neutralino number neutralino number densitydensity
astrophysical sourcesastrophysical sources AGN, gamma-ray bursts, AGN, gamma-ray bursts,
supernova remnantssupernova remnants
energ
y
Ps
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
Neutralino sourcesNeutralino sources
cores of Earth and Sun cores of Earth and Sun should accumulate should accumulate neutralinos by capture neutralinos by capture through scatteringthrough scattering
ifif Galactic dark matter Galactic dark matter density distribution has density distribution has cusp, Sgr A* BH will cusp, Sgr A* BH will induce sharp central induce sharp central spikespike
in either case, neutrinos in either case, neutrinos produced via decay of W, produced via decay of W, Z, heavy quarks, Z, heavy quarks,
neutdriverneutdriver
Susan Cartwright IDM2000
TimescaleTimescale
1996–20001996–2000 deployment of ~30 deployment of ~30
autonomous test autonomous test strings for site strings for site evaluationevaluation
test of electro-optical test of electro-optical cable connectioncable connection
verification of verification of mechanical structures mechanical structures and deployment and deployment techniquetechnique
demonstrator string: demonstrator string: test of mechanical test of mechanical issues, acoustic issues, acoustic positioning, trackingpositioning, tracking
2000–20032000–2003 final design phase for final design phase for
0.1 km0.1 km22 detector detector deployment of first deployment of first
string summer 2001string summer 2001 deployment of 0.1 deployment of 0.1
kmkm22 array in two array in two stages, summer 2002 stages, summer 2002 and 2003and 2003