Survivor

∗ The integumentary system includes…

∗ What are 3 of the 5 basic functions of the integumentary system?

∗ The integumentary system protects against what types of tissue damage?

∗ List at least two types of damage.

∗ Fill in the following blanks.

∗ Heat loss activates the body’s _______ _______ and __________ the capillaries.

∗ What substances are excreted by the integumentary system?

∗ List at least three substances.

∗ Vitamin D synthesis requires what two factors?

∗ It is recommended that individuals receive _____ minutes of unprotected sun exposure a day to prevent against Vitamin D deficiencies.

∗ The skin is an _______, or 2 or more kinds of tissues that together perform a particular function.

∗ Another name that the skin goes by is __________ __________.

∗ List the three different types of tissue found within the skin.

∗ The epidermis is composed of what type of epithelial cells?

∗ The epidermis is avascular. This means that…

∗ The _______ _______ is the deepest layer of the epidermis and the only layer that receives nourishment from the dermis.

∗ The ________ ________ is the only portion of the epidermis that actively divides.

∗ Which layer of the epidermis is only present where skin is hairless and extra thick?

∗ Cells within the ascending layers of the epidermis get flatter and more filled with _______. As cells fill with this, they die.

∗ Fill in the following blanks.

∗ The stratum corneum is the __________ layer of the epidermis, composed of approximately ____ to ____ layers of cells.

∗ Cornified or horny cells are filled with keratin and found within what layer of the epidermis?

∗ Within the integumentary system, the main function of keratin is to…

∗ What particular type of cells is responsible for producing keratin?

∗ Melanocytes are…

∗ When a callus forms the epidermis thickens. This is due to…

∗ Constant rubbing or irritation of the skin can lead to the formation of blisters. What happens when a blister forms?

∗ A wart is an epidermal growth on the skin caused by a…

∗ Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Streptococcus Group A is better known as a…

∗ What are hives?

∗ The dermis is composed of _______ __________ connective tissue.

∗ What two types of fibers are found within the dermis?

∗ What causes the sagging and wrinkling of the skin as a person ages?

∗ What are the two major regions of the dermis?

∗ What portion of the dermis contains the projections that form the ridges for fingerprint and footprint patterns?

∗ What portion of the dermis contains blood vessels, sweat and oil glands, and deep pressure receptors?

∗ What happens when the body’s weight puts pressure on the skin over a bony projection, restricting blood flow?

∗ This is a two part question. First, … Then …

∗ What layer of skin lies beneath the dermis?

∗ The hypodermis is composed of…

∗ The subcutaneous layer of the skin performs two main functions. What are they?

∗ What do melanocytes secrete? Hint: It is a skin-darkening pigment.

∗ What is our skin color determined by?

∗ True or False: Every person has the same number of melanocytes.

∗ ______ __________ stimulates melanin production.

∗ Albinism is a condition in which…

∗ Sam suffers from a condition where there is a loss of melanin across scattered areas of his body, which leaves white patches on his skin. What condition does Sam have?

∗ In addition to melanin, skin also contains a yellow pigment called __________.

∗ Cyanosis is a condition where there is a decreased amount of oxygen in the blood. People affected by cyanosis look this color.

∗ Jaundice is a liver disorder where excess ______ ________ is deposited in the skin.

∗ True or False: Body hair is considered a vestigial organ.

∗ Dead keratinized cells are not only found in the outermost layer of our skin, or the ______ ________, but they also found in our ______.

∗ What causes ‘goose bumps’?

∗ Sudoriferous glands are more commonly referred to as…

∗ What is sebum?

∗ Acne vulgaris is an active infection of the sebaceous glands, which results in either __________ or __________.

∗ What are the two different types of sweat glands?

∗ What type of sudoriferous gland responds to stress and becomes active when a person is frightened, upset, in pain, or sexually aroused.

∗ Where are eccrine glands typically found?

∗ Unlike apocrine glands, which become active during puberty, the ________ glands function throughout your entire lifetime.

∗ What is the main source of heat in our bodies?

∗ Impetigo, a condition where water-filled lesions develop a yellow crust, is caused by a…

∗ What type of burn only damages the epidermis?

∗ Second degree burns are associated with damage of the epidermis and upper dermis. Oftentimes people suffering from second degree burns will have ______.

∗ Burns are critical if...

___% of the body has second degree burns or ___% of the body has third degree burns.

∗ Name two of the three different types of skin cancer.

∗ Explain the ABCD rule.