A

PRESENTATION

ON

AFFECT OF POLLUTION ON

SURFACE WATER

PRESENTED BY:

SAURABH

CONTENTS

Introduction

Types Of Water Pollution

Causes Of Surface Water Pollution

Effects Of Surface Water Pollution

Prevention And Controls

Conclusion

References

INTRODUCTION

What is Surface Water Pollution..

Any change or modification in the physical, chemical and biological properties of water that will have a detrimental consequence on living things is water pollution.

The water pollution problem..

Water covers over 70% of the Earth’s surface. It is a very important resource for people and the environment. Water pollution affects drinking water, rivers, lakes and oceans all over the world. In many developing countries, it is usually a leading cause of death, by people drinking from polluted water sources.

Humans have now realised the importance of clean water as a foundation for life. In recent time, more and more organisations and councils are working hard to educate, protect, restore waterways and encourage practices that help keep waters from contamination.

CONTINUED...

An estimated 580 people in India die of water pollution related illness every day. Around 90% the water in the cities of China is polluted, and as of 2007, half a billion Chinese had no access to safe drinking water. In addition to the acute problems of water pollution in developing countries, developed countries also continue to struggle with pollution problems. For example, in the most recent national report on water quality in the United States, 45 percent of assessed stream miles, 47% of assessed lake acres, and 32 percent of assessed bays and estuarine square miles were classified as polluted. The head of China's national development agency said in 2007 that one quarter the length of China's seven main rivers were so poisoned the water harmed the skin.

TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION

There are following types of pollutions in water:

Nutrients Pollution

Surface Water Pollution

Oxygen Depleting Pollution

Ground Water Pollution

Chemical Water Pollution

Oil Spillage Pollution

CAUSES OF SURFACE WATER POLLUTION

Industrial causes of water pollution:Industries cause huge water pollution with their activities. These come mainly from: Sulphur Asbestos Lead and Mercury Nitrates & Phosphates

Oil Pollution by Oil Industries:Routine shipping, run-offs and dumping of oils on the ocean surfaces happen everyday. Oil spills make up about 12% of the oil that enters the ocean. Because oil does not dissolve, it stays on the water surface and suffocates fish.

CONTINUED...

Other causes of surface water pollution:Apart from the industrial causes of water pollution, as we saw in the

previous page, here are some more:

Sewage and waste water:Everyday, we cook, do laundry, flush theToilet, wash our cars, shower and do manythings that use water. Where do you thinkall the water??In many developed communities,this waste water and soluble waste isTreated and dumped into the sea.But in some not-so-developed countries, the sewage is not treated, but

quickly dumped into the sea or water bodies.

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Septic Tanks

Underground storage and tube leakages

Atmospheric:Atmospheric deposition is the pollution of water bodies caused by air

pollution. Each time the air is polluted with sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, they mix with water particles in the air and form a toxic substance.

Ocean and marine dumping:Again, think of the rubbish we all make each day.

Paper waste, food waste, plastic, rubber, metallic

and aluminium waste. In some countries, they are

deposited into the sea. All these waste types

take time to decompose. When these end up

in the sea, they harm sea animals and cause a lot of water animal deaths.

EFFECTS OF SURFACE WATER POLLUTION

Surface Water pollution is very harmful to humans, animals and water life. The effects can be catastrophic, depending on the kind of chemicals, concentrations of the pollutants and where there are polluted.

The effects of water pollution are varied and depend on what chemicals are dumped and in which locations.

Death of aquatic (water) animal

Diseases

Destruction of ecosystems

Disruption of food-chains

PREVENTION AND CONTROLS

Dealing with water pollution is something that everyone (including governments and local councils) needs to get involved with. Here are a few things you can do to help. Learning about the issue (like you are doing) is the greatest and most important step to take. Here are a few more:

Never throw rubbish away anyhow. Do not throw chemicals, oils, paintsand medicines down the sink drain,or the toilet. If you live close to a water body,try to plant lots of trees and flowers aroundyour home. Buy more environmentally safe cleaningliquids for use at home and other public places.

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Many governments have very strict laws that help minimize water pollution. In many developed cities, waste or sewage treatment is very efficient, and designed to minimise pollution of water bodies.

There are also lots of organizations and groups that help educate people on the dangers of water pollution. It is always great to join these groups, because they regularly encourage other members of their communities to have a better attitude towards water.

For Example:

Liquid Waste (Sewage/Wastewater) Treatment

CONCLUSION

Water pollution is bad and it’s not good for people to drink the water that’s polluted and for all organisms that need water to survive. There are millions of people that don’t have good clean access to water and that they even have to drink the bad polluted water for them it survive, Sewage can cause water pollution along with the toxic chemicals from Industrial business. There are a bunch of water pollutions like toxic and organic and thermal water. And solutions to stop the water pollution are to clean up the garbage and keep your yard clean. To try to stop the water pollution clean up your yard and make sure there is no garbage left anywhere around in the area you live like the streets and neighbourhood.

REFERENCES

http://www.water-pollution.org.uk/surface.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_pollution

http://eschooltoday.com/pollution/water-pollution/types-of-water-pollution.html

ANY QUERIES ??