surface water and groundwater interaction modelling water resources system research unit,...
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Surface Water and Groundwater Interaction Modelling
Water Resources System Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, ThailandDepartment of Geotechnology and Geohydraulics, University of Kassel, Germany
Werapol BejranondaProf. Manfred KochAssoc.Prof. Sucharit Koontanakulvong
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ContentsContents Introduction
Study Area Application
Methodology Modeling Results
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Introductionstudy area
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Source: RID 3rd regional bureau
Existing irrigation projects and its supplies by reservoirs
Nan river
Yom river Study area
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Sukkhothai
Phichit
Phitsanulok
Division 1
Division 2
Division 3Thailand
Study area : Plaichumpol Irrigation Project
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Introductionstudy approach
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Overview of SW-GW interaction
Saturated Zone
GW Pumping
River/Canal
Surface water
Rainfall
Irrigationsupply
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Objectives
GW use GW flow model
irrigation water water shortage
agriculturaldemand in
irrigation area
GWpotential
conjunctive use
applicability
focused on water use and allocation in an irrigation area from both canals and local shallow wells.
study water use patterns and interaction between surface water and groundwater
determining the potential of conjunctive use
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Applicationmethodology
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Data collection(SW-GW)Existing monitoring well : 35 wells
New-installed well : 2 wells(to investigatestream-groundwater interaction)
Groundwater Level Monitoring
Infiltration Test
10 points varied with soil types(to investigatesurface recharge)
Stream Stages
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Over view of field data collection
Canal Stage (at check gate)
Saturated Zone
Observed Wells
Bed Materials
Infiltration Test
50 m. 200 m.
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ApplicationGW modeling
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Upper aquifer - Semi-confined
Lower aquifer – Confined200-300
m.
40-100 m.
Upper aquiferUpper aquifer ((Qfd and Qlt)Qfd and Qlt)
Lower Lower aquiferaquifer ((Qht)Qht)
Conceptual Model
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MODFLOW500 m. x 200 m. grid-cells
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1993 2005 2035Model calibratio
n
GW potential investigat
ion
Calibration & Verification
GW potential Investigation
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5
10
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25
јҖѥь
Dry/Wet Year
дѥіѲн
ҖьѸѼѥэѥчѥј(ј
Җѥьјэ.
є./
њѤь)
ѲнҖьѸѼѥэѥчѥј іњєнѤѸььѸѼѥѝҕњьэьнѤѸььѸѼѥѝҕњьј ҕѥк
Demand projection
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юҍ
іѣч
ѤэьѸѼѥ
(є.і
ъд.)
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GW use variationobs. gw level during simulation
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GW ModelBoundariesand Sources/Sinks
River Source/Sink
Head Boundaries
Head Source/Sink(Pond)
FlowBoundaries
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GW ModelBoundariesand Sources/Sinks
Head Boundaries
FlowBoundaries
River Sources
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GW table away from Main Irriagtation Cannal
Groundwater Level
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-2 -1.8 -1.6 -1.4 -1.2 -1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0
і ѣѕѣўҕѥклѥдзј ѠкѝҕкьѸѼѥѝѥѕѲўр ҕ(дє.)
іѣчѤэьѸѼѥэ
ѥчѥј
(є.і
ъд)
зј ѠкѝҕкьѸѼѥѝѥѕўј Ѥд
шѣњѤьѠѠдшѣњѤьшд
distance form main irrigation canal (km)
main irrigationcanal
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Applicationresults
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Upper Aquifer(Δstorage = -34.6 )
103.6Lateral outflow
69.8Lateral inflow
0.004Leak to lower aquifers
9.2GW pump
1.3River-Aquifer interaction7.1
Recharge
Upper Aquifer(Δstorage = -3.3 )
10.9Lateral out flow
18.4Lateral inflow
0.001Leak from lower aquifers
13.2GW pump
Unit : million m3/month
1.6River-Aquifer interact.0.9
RechargeDry season
Wet season
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Sukkhothai
Phichit
Phitsanulok
Division 1
Division 2
Division 3
irrigationdivision
gw use 2007(mil.m3/year)
gw potential(mil.m3/year)
use/potential
1 25.2 41.9 60%60%
2 60.6 221.5 27%27%
3 57.2 66.4 86%86%
Total 143.1 329.8 43%43%
water situation
amount (million cubic meter) percentage to irrigation demand
Irrigation demand
act. surface water
supply
groundw. extraction
planed demand
act. surface water
supply
groundw. extraction
wet 275 135 74 100% 49% 27%
normal 268 86 96 100% 32% 36%
dry 300 141 156 100% 47% 52%
drought 266 167 181 100% 63% 68%
Groundwater potential
Average conjunctive water useand their ratios during the dry season
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guideline for conjunctive-use planning in case of normal water situation at the Plaichumpol Irrigation Project
non-irrigation0 – 25 %25 – 50 %50 – 140 %
groundwater use ratio(percentage of irrigation supply)
riverIrrigation canal
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-20
-15
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-5
0
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Gro
undw
ater
lev
el(m
. bel
ow g
roun
d su
rfac
)
calculated PCP-01calculated PCP-19calculated PCP-12obs PCP-01obs PCP-19obs PCP-12
PCP-01
PCP-12
PCP-19
Computed groundwater levelvaried with season in 1997-2007
PCP-12
PCP-19
mainirrigation canal
PCP-01
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Questions & Answers
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