Surface anatomy of Surface anatomy of abdomenabdomen

Prepared by: Zariifard n

Abdominal cavityAbdominal cavity

Muscle

Rectus abdominis

Semilunar line

ASIS-R9

Midinguinal point

Midpoint of inguinal ligament

1cm

Umbilicus

Portal hypertension in cirrhosis Portal hypertension in cirrhosis results from increased flow resistanceresults from increased flow resistance

The four clinical consequences:AscitesFormation of porto-systemic shuntsCongestive splenomegalyHepatic Encephalopathy

Paraumbilical v

Stria gravidarium

Lines or planes

L3 infant

4r

Abdominal regions

Palpable organ

Liver

1cm

1cm1cm

4-5cm

8th rib

Xiphisternal j5R

6-12cm4-8cm

Biopsy(8-9)

4-5cm2cm

5cm

Gall bladder(5-10×3)

Spleen(1×3×5×7×9×11)

3-4cm

hilum

2cm5cm

3cm

1.2cm

1.2cm2.5cm

Pancreas(12-15cm)

2cm

1cm

3cm

10cm

Stomach

1.2cm

2cm

2cm2.5cm

Duodenum

2.5cm

5cm7.5cm

1.2cm

2.5cm

5cm

7.5cm

2.5cm

10cm

1.2cm

Jejunum&ilium

Root of mesentry

2.5cm

1cm

Ileocecal valveCaecum(L5&S1)

Intertubercular plane1-2cm

5cm

2-3cminterspinous

Relationship of the Kidneys to Vertebra and Relationship of the Kidneys to Vertebra and RibsRibs

12×6×3

Upper pole

T11

L1

L3

L3-L4

Lower pole

hilum

12

2.5cm

Upper pole

T11

L3

Lower pole

hilum

9.5cm

2.5cm

5cm

4cm

Ureter

Upper pole

L1

L3

Lower pole

hilum

5cm

2cm skin dimple

UrolithiasisUrolithiasis::

T12-L1(1×3×5 cm)

5cm

Abdominal aorta:10cm

2.5cm

1.5cm1.5cm

T12

1cm

1.5cm

Celiac trunk:T12

1cm

1.5cm

Splenic artery:15-18cm

2.5m

1.5cm

Left gastric artery

1cm

Superior mesentric artery

4cm

Inf mesentric artery

4cm

4cm

Renal artery

4cm

Gonadal artery

3.5cm

1-1.5 cm

Common&external iliac artery

4 cm

internal iliac artery

3-3.5cm

2.5 cm

Common&external iliac vein

2.5 cm

IVC

R62.5cm

2cm5cm

2cm

2cm

Dermatomes of abdomen

Referred PainReferred Pain

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