Support for knowledge-based SMEs in Iran

Mostafa.K.Eghbal .Director

general ,Technology planning,

Ministry of science, research and

technology(MSRT)

Ali Asghar Pilehvar

Head of North Khorasan Science

and Technology Park(NKSTP)

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Introduction

University and Industry in Developing Countries

Background about Iran

S&T Policies

STPs and Incubators

Some Cases

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1 4

Introduction

Effective Government, University and Industry

interaction is essential for a

knowledge-based economy.

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2 6

Triple Helix Model

“The "triple helix” is a spiral model of

innovation that captures multiple

reciprocal relationships at different

points in the process of knowledge

capitalization.” Etzkowitz, 2002

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Features of this new economy:

Intensively based on knowledge

Growing through innovation

Requires Gov.-Univ.-Industry cooperation

Global reach

Knowledge-Based Economy

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Natural Resources

Natural

Resources +

Value added Products &

Services

Technology and

Innovation

Knowledge-Based Economy

=

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Working with individual researchers rather

than organizations

Low level cooperation (De-bottle Necking)

Not based on mutual cooperation

University and Industry Relation

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Missing links

Missing links

Universit

y

University

Research

Centers

Private

Research

Tech

Org.

Tech-

based

SMEs

R&D

units

Industry (Market)

Science Parks and Incubators

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3 12

Background

Schools:

18.000.000 students

Colleges and Universities:

3.200.000 students

60%women

WELL TRAINED

HUMAN RESOURCES,

• Less job opportunities

• Weak entrepreneurship

culture

• Brain drain 13

Administration:

31 provinces, Central Administration (non-federative)

Industries:

petroleum, petrochemicals, textiles,

construction materials, food processing,

steel industry

Agricultural Products:

wheat, rice, sugar beets,

fruits, nuts, cotton; dairy products, wool,

caviar

Population:

77,000,000

Median age: 26

Socio-Economic Settings

Background

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4 15

23,344

130,131

827

39,240

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Middle East

Iran

Iran has the world's fastest-growing

scientific output, measured by the

number of peer-reviewed papers

published in international

journalsAvicenna J Med Biotechnol. 2013 Jul-Sep;

5(3): 139

Science and Technology

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Top growing countries in area of knowledge creation evaluated by

percentage increase in the number of published articles compared to 2010

(Diagram courtesy of Nature)

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Less success in innovation during the 3rd Innovation Plan

Science: Conversion of Money in to Knowledge

Innovation: Conversion of Knowledge in to Money

Science and Technology

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Emphasizing on Knowledge Based Economy

Developing Innovative Culture

Encouraging Entrepreneurship

Upgrading quality of products and services

Encouraging competitiveness

Support for SMEs

Incubators

Science and Technology Parks

Planning for Improvements

4th and 5th (starting) Development Plans

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Privatization of major industries

Obligation for technology transfer in international

contracts

Increase of government R&D expenditure to 3 percent of

GDP at the end of the 5th plan (presently it is about 0.6

percent)

Provision of the new intellectual property regulations

Free zones rule for tenants of science and technology

parks

Contribution of government in establishing private venture

capital funds

Easing regulations for establishment of non-government

universities

Planning for Improvements

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Government Role (Before)

Government

University Industry

Government Role ()

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Government role is to support and to create

the right environment for innovation

Innovation by people (private sector)

Government Role

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Knowledge-based Business: Key Player

Knowledge-based SMEs

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5 24

Incubators and STPs in Iran

The first incubator established 14 years ago

Currently: 148 Incubators, 34 university related

33 STPs, 7 university related

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58% 12%

2%

3%

2%

2% 21%

General Medical Inds. Polymer Biotech Electronics Architechture ICT

Incubators Field of Activity

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University STPs

University STPs require a model that may be

more suited for a university owned and

operated science and technology park.

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Sustainability

Financial Resources

Value Added

Services

Park

Clients

Sustainable

Values

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Clients

Students and Faculty members

Small and medium size enterprises and start-up

companies

A segment of industry that has a close

relationship with the university

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Divisions Proposed

Knowledge Based

SMSs with suitable

business plans in

different fields, priority

with companies

founded by Tehran

University members

Special

DivisionGeneral

Division

Industry

Division

Professors,

researchers and

graduate students

who have marketable

research or ideas

Selected industry

along with related

companies

University Industry

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Services

Business

Networking

Subsidies

Business

Incentives

Business &

Legal

Consultation

General

Business

Support

Technical

Support

Financing

Patenting &

Licensing

Business

Support

Technology

Marketing

Clustering

Technical

Support

Support for

International.

Tenants

Industry

Support

Technology Commercialization Support for Knowledge-based SMEs Industry Networking

Special Division General Division Special DivisionIndustry Division

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Division Activities

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Conclusion

Importance of University – Industry interaction

for a knowledge – based economy

Innovation by private sector with the support of

the government

Positive role of STPs and Incubators

Although developing countries such as Iran still

face many challenges, but there are many

opportunities and many success stories in these

and other countries to learn from 33

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Thanks for your attention

Persepolis 520th BC