supélec seminar - cognitive radio in hf communications ·...

Cogni7ve(Radio(in(HF(Communica7ons(Laura(Melián(Gu7érrez(

[email protected](

IDeTIC(Universidad(de(Las(Palmas(de(Gran(Canaria,(Spain(

Rennes,(6th(November(2014(

Outline(

•  IDeTIC:(A(li/le(bit(about(us.((•  Communica7ons(in(the(HF(band(•  Cogni7ve(Radio(in(HF(communica7ons(

– Using(wideband(HF(receivers(for(spectrum(sensing(– Learning(with(Hidden(Markov(Models(– Decision(making(for(dynamic(spectrum(access(

•  Conclusion(

1(

IDeTIC(

•  Research(Ins7tute(within(ULPGC(

Research(ins7tute(within(Universidad(de(Las(Palmas(

de(Gran(Canaria(

2(

www.ide7c.eu(

Around 65 people

!  Staff((PhD):(((( ( ( ( (29(!  Staff((no(PhD): (((((( ( ( (((8(!  Hired((no(permanent(staff):( (16(!  MSc(students: ( ( ( (((6(!  BSc(students:( ( ( ( (((3(

… and 12 external collaborators

IDeTIC:(Academic(ac7vi7es(

3(

Expert'course'on'aeronau.cal'and'airport'

management'

PhD'program'on''Communica.ons'Systems'

Short'course'on'“the'port'city”'

Master'on'home'automa.on,'

architecture'and'sustainable'for'

tourism'

Expert'course'on'IT'and'tourism'

Master'on'IT'solu.ons'for'the'environment'and'welfare'

IDeTIC:(Research(fields(

4(

RF'Systems'&'Radar'

Sensor'networking,'SmartSpaces'&'IoT'

Automa.c'geoloca.on'of'wildfires'

Mari.me'communica.ons'&'

surveillance'

Wireless'Photonics'&'InKhome'

Services'

IT'applied'to'Social'Sciences'

Space'&'AircraL'Electronics'

Biometrics'&'Signal'Processing'

66%

91%

57%

67%87%

50%

77%

66%

91%

57%

67%87%

50%

77%

HF(Communica7ons(•  Research(line(between(IDeTIC((ULPGC)(

and(GAPS((UPM).(

•  LongWdistance(HF(communica7ons(

•  HFDVL(System((HF(Data+Voice(Link):(–  Based( on( SoZware( Radio( with(

mul7carrier(modula7ons.(–  Digital( interac7ve( voice( and( highW

data(rate(transmissions.((–  Operates( wi th( commerc ia l(

transceivers.(–  SISO( &( SIMO( (up( to( 4( Rx)(

configura7ons.(

•  Three(configura7ons(in(data(transmission:(–  File(transfer(–  Short(message((SMS)(–  HFMail( 5(

[EXAMPLE , ]

HFDVL:(Real(Tests(

6(

Tests done by the Spanish Department of Defense

Arnomendi ship (60 days) Flight from Manas to Zaragoza (14 h) Hercules C-130 airplane

Canary(Islands

6021 Km

7950'Km 3864'Km

HFSA_IDeTIC_F1_V01(Database(

Spectrum(ac7vity(in(the(14(MHz(amateur(band.(

•  Power(measurements(in(the(frequency(domain.(•  600(kHz(bandwidth((200(channels(simultaneously):(amateur(band(and(other(sta7ons.(

•  Dura7on:(10(minutes.(•  Weekdays(&(Weekends.(•  Each(sample(represents(a(3kHz(channel(in(2(seconds.(

7(

Yagiantenna

Broad-band HF transceiver

Spectrum powermeasurement

AgilentVector Signal Analyzer

PC with: System Vue and

VSA software

HFSA_IDeTIC_F1_V01(Database(

Spectrum(ac7vity(in(the(14(MHz(amateur(band.(

8(

Cogni7ve(Radio(in(the(HF(band(

•  Challenges(to(face(in(this(environment(– There(is(no(coordina7on(among(users.(

•  Frequency(alloca7on(per(country.(•  TransWhorizon(behaviour.(

– Use(of(wideband(receivers:(•  The(dynamic(range(of(the(received(power(is(wider(than(cellular(environments.(

•  Strongly(affected(by(narrowband(interference.(

9(

Outline(

10(

Learning/(Knowledge(extrac7on(

Spectrum(sensing(

Wireless(receiver(

Decision(making(

Wireless(transmi/er(

Frequency'spectrum'

Transmit) Observe)

NBI(in(wideband(HF(receivers(

11(


12(


Wideband(HF(transceiver(–(Receiver(diagram(block(

13(

�� ADC

BW = 1.0 MHz112 MHz

122.7 MHz

82-109 MHz

BW 1 MHz10.7 MHz

Image-rejection Filter 3-30MHz

Band Pass Filters 3-30MHz RF Amp

≤ 20 dB

DDS

Low Pass10.7 MHz

AGC

≤ 75 dB

RS232

��

µControllerCARDS12

�� ADC

BW = 1.0 MHz112 MHz

BW = 1.0 MHz112 MHz

122.7 MHz

82-109 MHz

BW 1 MHz10.7 MHzBW 1 MHz10.7 MHz

Image-rejection Filter 3-30MHzImage-rejection Filter 3-30MHz

Band Pass Filters 3-30MHz

Band Pass Filters 3-30MHz RF Amp

≤ 20 dB≤ 20 dB

DDS

Low Pass10.7 MHz

AGC

≤ 75 dB

RS232

��

µControllerCARDS12

We(must(detect(and(mi7gate(in(the(analog(domain(

NBI(detec7on(in(wideband(HF(receivers(

14(

Our(proposal(based(on(Compressive(Sensing(for(NBI(detec7on((((

((A(parallel(system(to(the(wideband(receiver(with:((W(Detec7on(phase((W(Mi7ga7on(block(

ADC(with(fs(<<(fNyq(

15(


Linear(Measurement(Process(

Φ(M x N transforma7on(

(M < N)(

x =(Original(Signal((N(samples)(

y =(Compressive(Measurements((M(measurements)(

y = Φ x "Basics(of(Compressive(Sensing:(

16(


y = Φ x "Basics(of(Compressive(Sensing:(

x = Ψ s "Sparse(Signal(

Fourier(basis(

Compressible(Signal(

17(


y =(Compressive(Measurements ( ( (K =(Sparsity(level)(

Φ =(Measurement(Matrix " " " "s =(Sparse(Signal("

x =(Original(Signal( ( ( ( ( ( (Ψ =(Sparsity(Basis("


18(

Our(proposal(based(on(Compressive(Sensing(for(NBI(detec7on(((((

Unpublished(Results(

Outline(

19(


Spectrum(sensing(

Wireless(receiver(

Decision(making(


Frequency'spectrum'

Transmit) Observe)

Hidden(Markov(Model(

20(

Hidden'Markov'Model'Doubly( embedded( stochas7c( process( with( an( underlying(stochas7c(process(that(is(not(observable((it(is(hidden),(but(it(can(only( be( observed( through( another( set( of( stochas7c( processes(that(produce(the(sequence(of(observa7ons.(

...

Box 1 Box 2 Box N

Hidden(Markov(Model(

•  The(three(basic(problems(of(HMM(– The(evalua7on(problem:( ((

(Forward(step(of(ForwardWBackward(procedure(– The(decoding(problem:((

(Viterbi(algorithm(– The(learning(problem:((

(BaumWWelch(method(

21(

Data(segmenta7on(

22(

2 s. 1 minute

1 0 0 ... ... ... ...1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 12 3 ... 1

10 minutes

HF(Spectrum(Ac7vity(Predic7on(

•  Main(model:((Ergodic(HMM((10(minutes(sequences(

•  3(submodels:((LeZWright(HMM((Observa7on(symbols(for(1((minute(

23(

HMM1 HMM2 HMM3

1 2 3 4 39 40... 38


Submodel 1λ1 = (A1,B1,π1)



P(OT|λ2) P(OT|λ3)P(OT|λ1)

B’11 B’22 B’33

High-level model

New definition of the high-level model:

Previous detected states

High-level modelλ = (A,B’,π)

max(P(OT+1|λ))

Predicted state

B’11 0 00 B’22 00 0 B’33

B’ =

OT

Observations

t (min)TT-1

Submodels

t (min)T-1 TT-2

... ST

24(


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 84

6

8

10

12

14

16

Acquired knowledge (min.)

Aver

age

erro

r rat

e (%

)

Global performanceNormal activityHigh activity

25(

Outline(

26(


Spectrum(sensing(

Wireless(receiver(

Decision(making(


Frequency'spectrum'

Transmit) Observe)

Joint(work(at(Supélec(

Decision(making(with(UCB(

Upper(Confidence(Bound((UCB)(algorithm(to(provide(HF(secondary(users(with(dynamic(access(to(the(spectrum.(

27(Joint(work(at(Supélec(

Exploita7on( Explora7on(

Decision(making(with(UCB(

28(Joint(work(at(Supélec(

Unpublished(Results(

Conclusion(

The(applica7on(of(Cogni7ve(Radio(to(HF(communica7ons(might(be(feasible(

(•  Both( Learning(with(HMM(and(decision(making(with(UCB(can(help(secondary(HF(users(to(avoid(collisions(with(other(users.(

•  A(compressive(detector(can(be(used(in(wideband(HF(receivers(to(detect(NBI.(

29(

Thank(you(for(your(a/en7on!(

Cogni7ve(Radio(in(HF(Communica7ons(Laura(Melián(Gu7érrez(

[email protected](

IDeTIC(Universidad(de(Las(Palmas(de(Gran(Canaria,(Spain(

Rennes,(6th(November(2014(

supélec seminar - cognitive radio in hf communications ·...

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