sulphur creek @ dunnigan burn dump, yolo county, ca. (30 miles north of sacramento, ca.) built 1998

Sulphur Creek @ Sulphur Creek @ Dunnigan Burn Dunnigan Burn

Dump,Dump,

Yolo County, CA.Yolo County, CA. (30 miles north of (30 miles north of Sacramento, CA.)Sacramento, CA.)

BUILT 1998BUILT 1998

Pre-Project Pre-Project conditions, conditions, going from going from

upstream to upstream to downstreamdownstream

Pre-Project conditions-Looking US @ US section of project.

Pix by John McCullah-Oct 1998

Pre-Project conditions-High water, looking US. Thalweg @ toe of cliff.

Pix by John McCullah-Winter 1997

Removal of this tree was

required, but it could have been

used for live cuttings – if

some water had been provided !!

Pre-Project conditions-Looking US @ US end of project.

Pix by John McCullah

Pre-Project conditions, high water, looking DS @ project area.


Pre-Project conditions-High water, looking DS @ project area.


Pre-Project conditions-Looking DS @ exposed burn dump material.


Pre-Project conditions-Looking DS at exposed burn dump material


The The PLANPLAN

Conceptually, for Conceptually, for this project, we this project, we need complete need complete

separation separation between the between the stream & the stream & the

material in the material in the burn dump, LPSTP burn dump, LPSTP

is the answeris the answer

THE PLAN !!

Dunnigan burn dump footprint: classified as toxic, since it is unknown what was dumped & burned

LPSTPBENDWAY WEIR

KEY

THE PLAN !!

THE PLAN !!

Thalweg Alignment Pre-Project Condition

PRE-PROJECT THALWEG

Footprint of the Dunnigan burn dump

THE PLAN !!


LPSTPBENDWAY WEIR

KEY

Thalweg Management Post-Project Condition

THALWEG-Post Project

THE PLAN !!

Thalweg Management Pre & Post-Project Conditions

THALWEG-Post ProjectTHALWEG-Pre-Project

The original The original design had 800 ft design had 800 ft

of gabions for of gabions for $300k. Our $300k. Our

design had 2400 design had 2400 ft of LPSTP plus ft of LPSTP plus

13 Bendway 13 Bendway Weirs plus Weirs plus

bioengineering bioengineering for $110k!!for $110k!!

From

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-senss.co

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The Longitudinal The Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Peaked Stone Toe

Protection Protection (LPSTP) is (LPSTP) is

constructed from constructed from a Self-Adjusting, a Self-Adjusting,

Self- Filtering Self- Filtering stonestone

Self-Adjusting, Self-Filtering StoneSelf-Adjusting, Self-Filtering Stone Depending on size, angularity, and gradation, stone can be Depending on size, angularity, and gradation, stone can be

neither, either, or both!!neither, either, or both!!Self-Adjusting Stone:Self-Adjusting Stone:

Stone must be well-graded (from coarse to fine) so that Stone must be well-graded (from coarse to fine) so that it has the ability to "launch", or self-adjust into, and armor, it has the ability to "launch", or self-adjust into, and armor, scour holes formed on the streamward side, and/or stream scour holes formed on the streamward side, and/or stream end, of a river training structure.end, of a river training structure.-Charlie Elliott says a good rule of thumb in Mississippi sand--Charlie Elliott says a good rule of thumb in Mississippi sand-bed streams {CAUTION: this might not apply equally well to bed streams {CAUTION: this might not apply equally well to every stream in the world} is that one ton of rock per linear ft every stream in the world} is that one ton of rock per linear ft will armor three ft of scourwill armor three ft of scourSelf-Filtering StoneSelf-Filtering Stone

A soil analysis should always be performed to A soil analysis should always be performed to determine stability and erodability of bank materials and determine stability and erodability of bank materials and whether a filter material, (either granular or synthetic) is whether a filter material, (either granular or synthetic) is required. required.

A self-filtering stone that has worked well on the A self-filtering stone that has worked well on the Mississippi River, and numerous other rivers and smaller Mississippi River, and numerous other rivers and smaller streams (acting as a granular filter to prevent loss of streams (acting as a granular filter to prevent loss of underlying bank material) has 10% to 15% of the gradation underlying bank material) has 10% to 15% of the gradation either less that 4 inches in diameter, or less than one pound either less that 4 inches in diameter, or less than one pound in weight, depending on how the stone is specified.in weight, depending on how the stone is specified.

LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE

TOE PROTECTION {LPSTP}TOE PROTECTION {LPSTP}

Description: A continuous stone dike placed longitudinally Description: A continuous stone dike placed longitudinally at, or slightly streamward of, the toe of the eroding bank. at, or slightly streamward of, the toe of the eroding bank. Cross-section is triangular. The LPSTP does not Cross-section is triangular. The LPSTP does not necessarily follow the toe exactly, but can be placed to necessarily follow the toe exactly, but can be placed to form a "smoothed" alignment through the bend. form a "smoothed" alignment through the bend. Smoothed alignment might not be desirable from the Smoothed alignment might not be desirable from the environmental or energy dissipation points of view . environmental or energy dissipation points of view . Amount of stone used (2 tons/linear ft, 1 ton/ft, or less) Amount of stone used (2 tons/linear ft, 1 ton/ft, or less) depends on depth of scour at the toe, estimated stream depends on depth of scour at the toe, estimated stream forces (impinging flow) on the bank, and flood durations forces (impinging flow) on the bank, and flood durations and stages.and stages.

Tie-backs are short dikes connecting the LPSTP to the Tie-backs are short dikes connecting the LPSTP to the bank at regular intervals. Tie-backs are usually the same bank at regular intervals. Tie-backs are usually the same height as the LPSTP or elevated slightly toward the bank height as the LPSTP or elevated slightly toward the bank end, and are keyed into the bank. If tie-backs are long end, and are keyed into the bank. If tie-backs are long they should be angled upstream to act as bendway weirs. they should be angled upstream to act as bendway weirs.

ConstructiConstruction beginson begins

Looking Looking upstream @ upstream @ LPSTP and LPSTP and the US key the US key

& flow & flow entrance entrance

conditionsconditions

Pix by John McCullah-Spring 1999

6 months later-Looking US @ LPSTP @ US end of project.

Pix by John McCullah - January 2002

3+ Years later-Looking US @ confluence near US end of project.

Buckeye Creek @ Dunnigan Burn Dump-Pix by McCullah-Feb 14, 08

9+ Years Later-Looking US @ confluence of two creeks coming into the project

When scour When scour occurs, the occurs, the

LPSTP is LPSTP is designed to designed to

launch into the launch into the scour hole, scour hole,

thereby armoring thereby armoring it.it.

Longitudinal Peaked Stone Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Protection (LPSTP)Toe Protection (LPSTP)

As-built

After a couple of high flow events stream has scoured at

the toe & stone has self-adjusted

Sediment has deposited landward of the LPSTP

DURING CONSTRUCTION-Looking DS @ upper end LPSTP.

Pix by John McCullah - October 1998

Buckeye tree is preserved


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Looking DS @ LPSTP.

Key Key ConstructiConstructi

onon


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Digging a key trench.


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Placing key stone in key trench.


6 months later-Looking DS @ LPSTP with deposition.

Sulphur Creek @ Dunnigan Burn Dump-Pix by McCullah-Feb 14, 2008

9+ Years Later-Looking DS @ deposition in weir field at cliff area


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Transplanting the Cottonwood tree.


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Transplanting tree behind LPSTP.

From upstream at From upstream at the cliff looking the cliff looking downstream at downstream at the section of the section of

the project the project immediately immediately

adjacent to the adjacent to the burn dump areaburn dump area

(Mini case study-10 (Mini case study-10 slides)slides)

Mini case study: 1 of 10

The Bendway Weirs are The Bendway Weirs are designed to reduce designed to reduce velocities near the velocities near the LPSTP, & move the LPSTP, & move the

thalweg to a location thalweg to a location off the ends of the off the ends of the Bendway Weirs. Bendway Weirs.

Weirs also provide Weirs also provide protection protection

redundancy.redundancy.Mini case study: 2 of 10


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Looking DS @ LPSTP & 1 Bendway Weir


Pix by John McCullah-Jan 1999

3 months later-Looking DS @ tall cliff area. The weirs were not overtopped the first winter.




3 months later-after the water receded-Looking DS. Note very little deposition between weirs.

Pix by John McCullah - Jan 17, 2001

2+ Years-Looking DS @ the project bend, deposition in weir field.


Pix by John McCullah - Jan 2002

3+ Years later-Looking DS @ deposition in weir field with some scalloping of deposited material at stream ends-as can

be expected.



3+ Years later-Looking DS @ BW with racked debris on each weir.




4 yrs later, looking DS, BW’s & LPSTP separate Dunnigan Burn Dump from the stream erosion, note deposition between weirs,

thalweg trace (black line), & cutbank on edge of pointbar.

Sulphur Creek @ Dunnigan Burn Dump-Pix by McCullah-Feb 14, 2008

9+ Years Later-Looking DS @ completely filled in Bendway Weir field results in a wide buffer of

protection for the burn dump.


Looking Looking downstream @ downstream @

the channel @ the the channel @ the downstream end downstream end of the cliff. Burn of the cliff. Burn dump area is just dump area is just

downstreamdownstream (Mini case study-4 slides)(Mini case study-4 slides)



4 Years later-Looking DS @ deposition within Bendway Weir field



4 Years later-Looking DS @ deposition between Bendways



4+ Years-Looking DS-Scour & deposition within channel & weir field


Looking Looking upstream @ upstream @

the cliff the cliff section of the section of the project. Burn project. Burn

dump is dump is downstreamdownstream

(Mini case study-9 slides)(Mini case study-9 slides)Mini case study: 1 of 9

If only the engineer and contractor had allowed designer use of the water truck to water-in the cottonwood cuttings …


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Looking US @ LPSTP.



CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-Looking US @ LPSTP & Bendway Weirs & keys



3 months later-Looking US @ flow through & Bendway Weirs


Pix by John McCullah-March 1999

6 months later-Looking US @ keys, LPSTP, & Bendway Weirs



4+ Years later-Looking DS @



4+ Years later-Looking US @



5+ Years-Looking US-Fine deposition within Bendway Weir field



9+ Years later-Looking US @ sediment almost filling the weir field


Looking Looking upstream @ upstream @

the section of the section of the project the project

adjacent to the adjacent to the burn dump burn dump

areaarea (Mini case study-9 (Mini case study-9 slides)slides)Mini case study: 1 of 9


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Looking US @ LPSTP (next to dump)



3+ Years later-Looking US @ some deposition & veg in weir field



4+ Years later-Looking US @ burn dump area & weir field



4+ Years later-Looking US @ scour @ stream ends of weirs



4+ Years-Looking US @ deposition & scour.



9+ Years Later-Looking US. Flow scallops between ends of BW’s.


9+ Years Later-Looking US @ channel and ends of Bendway Weirs.



9+ Years Later-Looking US @ deposition in weir field.



Looking Looking downstream @ downstream @ the section of the section of

the project the project right next to right next to

the burn dump the burn dump areaarea


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Looking DS @ LPSTP (next to dump)


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Hydro seeding burn dump area.


6 months later-Looking DS @ dump in foreground & BW’s

Seed certificates were never required by the Engineer even when designer warned of possible fraud from hydroseeding contractor


2+ Years-Looking DS @ right bank & left bank stabilization


2+ Years-Looking DS @ smooth transition between bends


2+ Years-Looking DS, close-up of ends of Bendway Weirs


4+ Years later-Looking DS @ channel & deposition within BW’s


3+ Years later-Looking DS @ Bendways & LPSTP


3+ Years later-Looking DS @ scour, debris, & deposition in weir field

BeforeBefore

3+ 3+ years years AfterAfter


The specified native seed mix was expensive ($600/ac) but no natives have grown – only weeds!


4+ Years-Looking DS-Fine deposition within Bendway Weir field


4+ Years-Looking DS-Fine deposition within Bendway Weir field


4+ Years-Looking DS-Thalweg at stream ends of Bendway Weirs


9+ Years Later-Looking DS @ completely filled in Bendway Weir field


9+ Years Later-Looking DS @ burn dump in foreground, keys, top of LPSTP, completely filled in Bendway Weir field, & excellent transition from the right bank to the left bank (“S” shaped bend)

Looking Looking streamward streamward

@ mid- @ mid-project project

Bendway Bendway WeirsWeirs

Clay soil was imported for

cover to seal the burn dump area.


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Looking DS @ BW’s & key area


CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-LPSTP & Bendway Weir & key

LPSTP

Bendway Weir

LPSTP

Key


CONSTRUCTION COMPLETE-LPSTP & Bendway Weir & key


6 months later-Looking @ key, LPSTP, & Bendway Weir


3+ Years later-Looking @ LPSTP & Bendway Weir


3+ Years later-Looking @ stream end of a Bendway Weir

Looking Looking downstream downstream

@ the @ the downstream downstream right bank right bank

keykey

Downstream key at 30o angle to stream flow


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Looking DS @ the right bank DS key.

The right to The right to left crossing & left crossing & the left bank the left bank protectionprotection

(first THE PLAN, note (first THE PLAN, note thalweg trace, then the thalweg trace, then the

crossing pix)crossing pix)

THE PLAN !!


LPSTPBENDWAY WEIR

KEY

Thalweg Management Post-Project Condition

THALWEG-Post Project


3 months later-Looking DS @ Bendways and left bank LPSTP


3+ Years later-Looking DS @ right & left banks & channel

Weeds-Russian star thistle


4+ Years-Looking DS-Silt fence still in place! Left bank in background

9+ Years later-Looking DS @ ends of BW’s & left bank LPSTP protection


Looking Looking downstream @ downstream @ the LPSTP left the LPSTP left

bank bank protectionprotection


3+ Years later-Looking DS @ left bank LPSTP

Buckeye Creek @ Dunnigan Burn Dump-Pix by McCullah 2008

9+ Years Later-Looking DS @ left bank LPSTP with road @ DS end

Looking Looking upstream @ upstream @ the left bank the left bank

LPSTP LPSTP protectionprotection


DURING CONSTRUCTION-Looking US @ left bank LPSTP


2+ Years-Looking US @ left bank LPSTP protection


9+ Years Later-Looking US @ left bank LPSTP, has launched as designed


9+ Years Later-Looking US @ left bank LPSTP & mid-project key

CURRENT STATE CURRENT STATE OF THE PROJECT: OF THE PROJECT: What water sees What water sees

9 years & 8 9 years & 8 months after months after

project project completion. completion.

Starting US & Starting US & flowing DS.flowing DS.

Buckeye Creek @ Dunnigan Burn Dump-Pix by Derrick - May 30, 2008

9+ Years-Looking US @ the confluence US of the project

9+ Years-Looking @ the US end of the project. The US key extends far upstream of the current flow attack area. Channel is stable in all dimensions.


9+ Years-Looking DS @ flow in cliff area. All stable (veg in weir field area)


9+ Years-Looking DS @ channel alignment adjacent to burn dump area. Deposition in weir field, Bendway Weirs in good shape, smooth channel alignment results in stability through this entire critical reach.


9+ Years-Looking DS @ deposition within weir field provides 50 ft wide buffer between stream and LPSTP bank protection for dump

area. Note smooth transition from right bank to left bank flow.


9+ Years-Looking DS @ transition of flow from right bank to left.


9+ Years-Looking @ deposition streamward of left bank US key.


9+ Years-Looking US @ self-adjusting stone & veg in left bank protection


9+ Years-From road looking US @ left bank protection & DS key, all stable


LESSONS LEARNED: For the LESSONS LEARNED: For the last 9+ years the project last 9+ years the project overall has performed overall has performed extraordinarily well. The extraordinarily well. The Bendway Weirs were designed Bendway Weirs were designed too tall, however, over time too tall, however, over time the weir field has filled in the weir field has filled in completely & become completely & become vegetated, providing a 50 ft vegetated, providing a 50 ft wide buffer between the wide buffer between the stream & the main protection, stream & the main protection, the LPSTP. All keys are located the LPSTP. All keys are located in depositional areas. The flow in depositional areas. The flow transition from the right bank transition from the right bank protection to the left bank protection to the left bank protection is as good as can be protection is as good as can be expected. But check your seed expected. But check your seed tickets!!tickets!!

It’s over!!!!It’s over!!!!THE JOHN & DAVE SHOW THANKS YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !!

sulphur creek @ dunnigan burn dump, yolo county, ca. (30 miles north of sacramento, ca.) built 1998

Documents

dump slide

plan slide

john mccullah slide

project area

self filtering stone

answer slide

downstream slide

us end of project