Charis Hill

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oG_OAPQTQO0

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XeeC8lSfbxo

Decreases risk factors, increases protective factors

Address all forms of drug use Is tailored to the target population Establish norms and expectations Use cognitive-behavioral methods Emphasize development of social,

communication and problem-solving skills Increase self-efficacy and drug resistance skills Take place at level of school, family or

community

Family◦ History of drug abuse and conflict◦ Favorable attitudes towards problem behavior

School◦ Academic failure◦ Lack of commitment

Individual◦ Antisocial behavior◦ rebelliousness

Community◦ Availability of drugs

http://drug-abuse-rehab.net

Individual◦ Positive attitude◦ Self-esteem◦ autonomy

Family◦ Secure attachments ◦ Lack of conflict

External◦ support systems

Originally designed as a selective prevention intervention

14 week program Three parts

◦ Parent Training◦ Child Training◦ Family Training

Family communication/conflict Build self-esteem and family

cohesion

11 lessons in 7th grade

3 lessons in 8th grade

Increase motivation for healthy behaviors

Change social norms surrounding use

Goal is community-wide change Implemented over several years 5 phase program

◦ Needs assessment◦ Risk factor inventory◦ Multi-facet action plan◦ Recruitment of community participation◦ Continuous evaluation

Successful programs use some element of cognitive behavioral therapy

Interventions should be tailored to a community

Interventions should involve as many aspects of the community as possible

There is insufficient data to draw conclusions about prevention effects on adult health

Short term effects are promising

1. Beets, M.W., Flay, B.R., Vuchinich, S., Snyder, F.J., Acock, A., Li, K., Burns, K., Washburn, I.J., & Duriak, J., (2009).Use of a social and character development program to preventsubstance use, violent behaviors and sexual activity among elementary-school studentsin Hawaii. American Journal of Public Health, 99(8), 1438-1445.

2. Communities That Care. (2008). CTC Fact Sheet. Retrieved from http://www.sdrg.org/ctcresource/About_CTC_NEW.htm

3. Eaton, D. K., Kann, L., Kinchen, S., Flint, K.H., Hawkins, J., Harris, W., Lowry, R., McManus, T.,Chyen, D., Whittle, L., Lim, C., & Wechsler, H. (2011). Youth Risk BehaviorSurveillance—United States, 2001. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 61 (4), 1-160.

4. Ellickson, P.L., McCafferey, D.F., Ghosh-Dastidar, B., Longshor, D.L. (2003). New inroads inpreventing adolescent drug use: Results from a large-scale trial of project ALERT inmiddle schools. American Journal of Public Health, 93(11), 1830-1836.

5. Ennett, S.T., Tobler, N.S., Ringwalt, C.L., Flewelling, R.L. (1994). How effective is drug abuseresistance education? A meta-analysis of project DARE outcome evaluations. American Journal of Public Health, 84(9) , 1394-1401.

6. Grant, J.D. , Scherrer, J.F., Lynskey M.T., Lyons, M.J., Eiesen, S.A., Tsuang, M.T., True, W.R., &Bucholz, K.K. (2006). Adolescent alcohol use is a risk factor for adult alcohol and drugdependence: evidence from a twin design. Psychological Medicine, 36 , 109-118.

7. Hawkins, J.D., & Catalano, R.F.(2003) Investing in Your Community’s Youth: An Introduction tothe Communities that Care System. Channing Bete Company Inc.

8. Hawkins, J.D., Oesterele, S.O., Brown, E.C., Monahan, K.C., Abbott, R.D., Arthur, M.W., A&Catalano, R.F. (2012). Sustained decrease in risk exposure and youth problem behaviors after installation of the Communities That Care prevention system in a randomized trial. Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, 166(2), 141-148.

9. Kumpher, K.L. (1998). Selective prevention interventions: the Strengthening Families program. In R. Ashery, E.B. Robertson & K.L. Kumpher (Eds.), Drug Abuse Prevention Through Family Interventions (160-207). Rockville, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse.

10. Mihalic, S., Fagan, A., Irwin, K., Ballard, D., & Elliott, D. (2004). Blueprints for Violence Prevention. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

11. National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2012). Prevention Benefits Exceed Its Cost and has Sustained Effects. Retrieved from http://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/nida-

notes/2012/07/prevention-system%E2%80%99s-benefits-exceed-cost-has-sustained-effects.