RESEARCH SERVICE: SAMPLE RESEARCH REPORT

Subject

The factors affecting investment in the wind power generation market in the EU.

Research Report

Coverage 1. Market size and share

Background data on the European market size and share for wind power generation and identifies key market studies. 2. Companies gaining patents in this field An analysis of companies whose patents have appeared in the past 18 months. 3. Recent product developments A range of business news and product information databases were searched and 45 records retrieved which related to wind power in Europe 4. Standards Standards and guidelines relating to the windpower industry 5. Legislation Eu and UK Legislation relating to the windpower industry 6. Location and public opinions towards wind farms A selection of opinion polls/commentary and map locations of wind farms in the UK and Europe. 7. Grants Information about grants from the Department of Trade & Industry and other sources. Methodology The research was carried out by experts in science, technology, patents and business information. Our sources included:

Desk research using secondary information sources, such as published market research

Searching of specialist priced online databases providing global coverage of scientific, business and patent literature

Searching of specialist web-based services

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BRITISH LIBRARY RESEARCH SERVICE

SAMPLE RESEARCH REPORT

The factors affecting investment in the wind power generation market in the EU

October 2004

This report is an example of the type of research that can be undertaken.

The information contained should not be used or interpreted for other purposes.

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The factors affecting investment in the wind power generation market in the EU.

Table of contents Pages 1. Market size and share 3-5 2. Companies patenting in this field 5 3. Recent product developments 5 4. Standards 5-6 4.1 British Standards Institution 5-6 4.2 The British Wind Energy Association 6 5. Legislation 6-8 5.1 Recent legislation 7 5.2 Consultation Paper for Planning Policy in the UK 7-8 6. Location and public opinions towards wind farms 8-9 7. Grants 9 8. Sources 9-10 Appendix 1 Market Research Titles 11-12 Appendix 2 Product News from 1st July 2004 13-30 Wind Power Generation 1. Market size and share “There is no clear definition of renewable energy but it is generally agreed that it includes energy derived from natural processes that do not involve the consumption of exhaustible resources such as fossil fuels and uranium.” Source: Statistical Review of World Energy 2004, 53rd Edition, BP plc By the end of 2002 worldwide wind power created employment for around 95,000 people and generated a turnover of € 6.8 billion. The wind power market could be worth € 75 billion per year by 2020 along with the creation of 1.8 million jobs. Europe is the global leader in wind technology with:

• 87% of global wind power capacity is installed in Europe • Average industry growth rate over the last 5 years has been 35% • Over 85% of the global wind market is supplied by European manufacturers • 2% of European electricity generated by wind power • European leaders in the industry are Spain, Denmark and Germany

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Source: Wind is Power, The European Wind Energy Association (EWEA) Figure 5-1 Frost & Sullivan Wind Renewable Energy Market: Market Drivers Ranked in Order of Impact (Europe), 2001-2010 Rank Driver Short-term Medium-

term Long-term

1 Government Incentives High High Medium 2 Growing Demand for Green Tariffs High Medium Medium 3 Mandatory Renewables Obligations

Through Green Certificates Medium High High

4 Declining Installation and Generation Costs

Medium Medium Medium

5 Full Integration of EU Electricity Grids Enables Large-scale Offshore Developments

Medium Medium Medium

Source: Source: European Renewable Energy Markets, Frost & Sullivan, March 2002

Figure 5-15 Frost & Sullivan Wind renewable Energy Market: Market Share Analysis and Trends of Major Market Participants (Europe), 2001 Company 2001 Market Share (%) 2000/2001 Trend Vestas 18 Increasing Gamesa 14 Increasing Enercon 13 Stable NEG Micon 13 Declining Bonus 9 Stable Nordex 9 Increasing Enron Wind 8 Declining Made 6 Increasing De Wind 2 Stable Ecotecnia 2 Stable R EPower 2 Declining Others 4 Stable Total 100 --- NB. All figures are rounded Source: European Renewable Energy Markets, Frost & Sullivan, March 2002 In the United Kingdom:

• “The UK is currently responsible for the emission of 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions even though it only has 1% of the world’s population.”

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• “To meet the 10% target by 2010, approximately 10,000 megawatts of additional renewable generation will be required. As a guide this equates to between 5,000 and 10,000 wind turbines, or 200 50-megawatt biomass power stations.” (For UK targets see 5. Legislation)

• “The British Wind Energy Association (BWEA) estimates that an additional 2,000

onshore turbines are required to meet the onshore wind element of the 2010 target. At present 1,043 wind turbines generate up to 649MW of power.”

• “By the end of 2004, 22 new wind farm projects are scheduled to come online,

representing an additional 474 MW of capacity. An additional 734 MW of onshore wind, and 845 MW of offshore wind is scheduled for construction beyond 2004, a figure which continues to increase rapidly.”

• “If you add the wind farms which are operating to those which have received consent

and are about to be built, they represent a total of over 3,000 megawatts, a greater installed capacity than all the UK’s magnox nuclear power stations (2484MW at end of 2003).”

Source: Department of Trade & Industry

The 6th Ernst & Young Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index has shown that Britain is in the top spot as the most attractive national environment for wind power and second position in terms of overall renewable energy. Source: Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index, 6th Ed, Ernst & Young, 2004 Recent market research titles are listed in APPENDIX 1. 2. Companies patenting in this field This is a highly active field in terms of patenting with over 1500 patents appearing since the beginning of 2003. An analysis of companies whose patents have appeared in the past 18 months gave the following list: \z No. of patents Patentr Assignee 60 MITSUBISHI JUKOGYO KK 41 WOBBEN A (Individual) 37 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO 21 EBARA CORP 19 WON I H (Individual) 16 YAMAGUCHI M (Individual) 15 DAIWA HOUSE KOGYO KK 13 HANS- 13 VESTAS WIND SYSTEMS AS 11 CHEN/ 11 FUJI HEAVY IND LTD 11 SIEMENS AG 10 LM GLASFIBER AS 10 OIKAWA T (Individual) Four of the entries are Japanese companies and it is notable that individual assignees are also highly represented. Source: Derwent World Patents Index (Questel)

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3. Recent product developments A range of business news and product information databases were searched and 45 records retrieved which related to wind power in Europe – see APPENDIX 2 below for results. The output is in a form which shows the bibliographic citation plus the relevant section of text. Many of these records can be supplied as full text, if required. The date range was restricted to items published since 1st July 2004. Source: Dialog databases 4. Standards 4.1 British Standards Institution (BSI) A search was carried out of the BSI database and the following standards retrieved: Standard Number

Title Status

PD CLC/TR 50373:2004 Wind turbines. Electromagnetic compatibility

Current

PD IEC WT 01:2001, IEC WT 01:2001

IEC system for conformity testing and certification of wind turbines. Rules and procedures

Current

DD IEC TS 61400-13:2001, IEC TS 61400-13:2001

Wind turbine generator systems. Measurement of mechanical loads

Current

BS EN 45510-5-3:1998 Guide for the procurement of power station equipment. Wind turbines

Current, Proposed For Confirmation

BS EN 50308:2004 Wind turbines. Protective measures, Requirements for design, operation and maintenance

Current

BS EN 61400-1:2004 Wind turbine generator systems. Safety requirements

Current

BS EN 61400-2:1996, IEC 61400-2:1996

Wind turbine generator systems. Safety of small wind turbines

Current

BS EN 61400-11:2003 Wind turbine generator systems. Acoustic noise measurement techniques

Current, Work in Hand

BS EN 61400-12:1998 IEC 61400-12:1998

Wind turbine generator systems. Wind turbine power performance testing

Current, Work in Hand

BS EN 61400-21:2002 Wind turbine generator systems. Measurement and assessment of power quality characteristics of grid connected wind turbines

Current

01/205417 DC prEN 50376 Declaration of sound power level and tonality values of wind turbines

Current, Draft for Public Comment

02/206912 DC IEC 61400-14 TS. Ed.1

Wind turbine generator systems. Declaration of sound power level and tonality values

Current, Draft for Public Comment

02/207950 DC IEC 61400-121. Ed.1.

Wind turbines. Part 121: Power performance measurements of grid connected wind turbines

Current, Draft for Public Comment

03/110578 DC IEC 61400-25. Ed.1.0

Wind turbines. Part 25. Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants

Current, Draft for Public Comment

BS EN 61400-11:1999, IEC 61400-11:1998

Wind turbine generator systems. Acoustic noise measurement techniques

Withdrawn, Revised

The ISO database was also searched but no additional standards on wind power were found.

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4.2 The British Wind Energy Association (BWEA)

BWEA Guidelines for Health & Safety in the Wind Energy Industry Guidelines for the management of health and safety within the wind industry and includes best practice. These were developed in association with the Health & Safety Executive. 5. Legislation, particularly relating to location of wind farms In the UK, the Renewables Obligation (RO) was introduced in the Utilities Act 2000. The RO requires electricity suppliers to purchase a specified proportion of renewable electricity from a range of eligible sources. Accredited generator companies must obtain Renewables Obligations Certificates (ROCs) which are then forwarded onto Ofgem annually for eligible renewable energy electricity generated within the UK and supplied to UK customers. Under the RO suppliers can comply by purchasing ROCs from an accredited generator or from other suppliers and traders who have bought more than they need. Source: Renewable Energy, Key Note Limited, 2003 The Government has set targets for the percentages of the UK’s electricity supply it would like to see provided by renewable energy sources:

• 5% by 2005 • 10% by 2010 • 20% by 2020 (‘aspirational’ target) • Potentially 60% carbon emissions cuts by 2050

Source: Department of Trade & Industry 5.1 Legislation A selection of relevant legislation includes:

• Directive 2001/77/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 September 2001 on the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources in the internal electricity market

“The Renewables Directive aims to promote a substantial increase in the proportion of electricity generated from renewable energy sources across the European Union by 2010. Individual Member States have all been required to take appropriate steps to encourage consumption of electricity from renewables, in order that the overall EU target of 12% energy (22.1% of electricity) by 2010 can be meet. Each State has its own indictive target, depending on issues such as historical experience with renewables: that for the UK is set to 10% of electricity generation by 2010. In Article 2 of the Directive, renewable energy sources are defined as: "renewable non-fossil energy sources (wind, solar, geothermal wave, tidal, hydropower, biomass, landfill gas, sewage treatment plant gas and biogasses")”

• Utilities Act 2000

• The Renewables Obligation Order 2002 (Statutory Instrument 2002 No 914)

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• The Renewables Obligation (Amendment) Order 2004 (Statutory Instrument 2004 No 924)

Came into force on the 1st April 2004 and has the effect of making a number of adjustments to the original order to ensure it is working as originally intended.

• The Renewables Obligation Order 2005 Statutory Consultation Document

Source: Department of Trade & Industry Renewables Group 5.3 Planning Policy Consultation Paper

• Consultation on Draft New Planning Policy Statement 22 (PPS22): Renewable Energy

“This consultation paper seeks comments on a draft of a new Planning Policy Statement (PPS) on Renewable Energy. The intention is that this PPS (and accompanying Companion Guide to be drafted) should, in due course, replace Planning Policy Guidance note 22 (PPG22), Renewable Energy (February 1993). PPG22 can be viewed at http://www.odpm.gov.uk (under <planning> < planning policy>). Planning Policy Statements (PPS) set out the Government's national policies for different aspects of land use planning in England. This PPS replaces Planning Policy Guidance Note 22 (PPG22) issued in 1993, the annexes issued in 1994 and the photovoltaics annex issued in 2002. Its scope is limited to consideration of planning issues relating to renewable energy projects rather than broader issues such as the use of renewable energy, or the need to incorporate renewable energy equipment, in new housing or industrial/commercial developments.” Source: Office of the Deputy Prime Minster

6. Location and public attitudes towards wind farms 6.1 Public Attitudes

• “Public attitudes have been widely documented and consistently demonstrate that a clear majority of between 70 and 80% of the general public are in favour of wind energy. This positive feeling is reflected by those living near a wind farm: similar numbers do not believe that it spoils the scenery or causes noise nuisance. In many cases, people with negative views prior to the building of a wind farm changed their mind once the wind farms were built. Research by the RSPB (BRMB/RSPB, October 2001) revealed that only 3% of the UK public are opposed to building onshore wind farms in Britain over the next ten years, and only 14% do not want onshore wind farms within 3 miles of their home. Wind and hydroelectricity were the most popular means of generating electricity favoured by the survey sample.”

Source: Department of Trade & Industry

• Attitudes to Renewable Energy: Final Report, DTI, January 2003

Areas covered include: visual impact; noise, effect on house prices, effect on the natural environment.

• DTI Renewable Energy Press Releases

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23/3/2004 Investing in Renewable Energy “74% of Investors Interested in Investing in Renewable Energy “ “London, 23 March 2004: The first in - depth UK investor survey since the Government extended the Renewables Obligation in December 2003 has shown a strong appetite for investing in renewable energy with 74% saying they are definitely interested in investing in renewable energy.” Conducted by Gavin Anderson & Co

• The Evolving Landscape of the Energy Debate, MORI, April 2004

“So in December 2003, when this research was conducted, renewables continued to capture the public's imagination. This survey did not examine views on the emerging issues surrounding wind energy in particular, many of which have received publicity since the end of 2003: NIMBY opposition to wind farms, planning controversies in some areas, disputes over potential costs of wind power (and its necessary back-up power supplies) and the opposition from the RSPB on animal welfare grounds, and from the MOD and BAA on the grounds that wind turbines interfere with radar systems. Hence it seems likely that the "honeymoon" period for wind energy may be drawing to a close, though to what extent this will become a general "renewables backlash" remains to be seen.”

• Public Attitudes to Wind Energy

The British Wind Energy Association reviews numerous opinion polls into peoples' attitudes to wind energy.

6.2 Locations

• The European Wind Energy Association has published a map of European Installed Wind Capacity – End 2003

• UK wind farm locations can be viewed at The British Wind Energy Association’s web

page Wind Farms of the United Kingdom 7. Grants 7.1 Department of Trade & Industry

7.1.1 Capital Grants' Scheme

This scheme funds a number of demonstration projects to help reduce both the costs and risks involved in such developments, and to maximise the contribution to the Government's targets for renewable electricity supply within the UK.

7.1.2 New Opportunities Fund

The New Opportunities Fund is also contributing £50 million to renewable energy projects

7.1.3 Other Support Programmes

Other support programmes can be seen at the DTI’s Renewables Energy web site

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7.2 Business Link

Business Link’s Grants & Government Support web page has links to the Business Support Directory. This is a free database that enables a search for potential sources of help with developing your business. Search by location, sector, e.g. energy and water, and by interest, e.g. energy efficiency and the environment.

8. Sources

• BP plc • The European Wind Energy Association • Ernst & Young • Frost & Sullivan • Key Note Limited • The British Library Integrated Catalogue • Department of Trade & Industry • Dialog

o Derwent World Patents Index (Questel) o GaleGroup PROMPT ® o Gale Group Trade & Industry DB o Gale Group Newsletter o Business & Industry

• British Standards Institution • International Organization for Standardization • EUR-Lex • HMSO • MORI Energy Research • Business Link • The British Wind Energy Association • Office of the Deputy Prime Minister

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APPENDIX 1

Market Research Reports

nited Kingdom: -

y (Key Note, 2004)

ts to 2010 (2002) (Reuters Business Insight)

12: Current status and future prospects 2003

from Biomass in the Netherlands: Overview and prospects (2004) (Reuters

able Energy Market (2002) (Frost & Sullivan.com)

e prospects

ts to 2010 (2002) (Reuters Business Insight)

U

he Electricity IndustrT

he Energy Industry (Key Note, 2002) T

reen Energy in Europe: Strategic ProspecG

enewable Energy (Key Note, 2003) R

he UK Green Energy Outlook To 20T(Reuters Business Insight)

urope: - E

lectricityEBusiness Insight)

uropean RenewE

he German Green Energy Outlook To 2012: Current status and futurT(2003) (Reuters Business Insight)

reen Energy in Europe: Strategic ProspecG

he Italian Green Energy Outlook To 2012: Current status and future prospects (2003) T(Reuters Business Insight)

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The Netherlands Green Energy Outlook To 2012: Current status and future prospects

he Outlook for Green Certificate Markets in Europe: A strategic analysis of EU and

he Polish Green Energy Outlook To 2012: Profiting from a dynamic renewable energy

enewable Energy Technologies – Emerging Developments in Europe (Technical

he Swedish Green Energy Outlook: Growth potential in a new liberalised market

ternational: -

he Future of Global Biomass Power Generation: The technology, economics and

atin American Renewable Energy Markets (2001) (Frost & Sullivan.com)

he Future of Global Offshore Wind Power: The technology, economics and impact of

orth American Solar Power Technology Markets 2003 (Frost & Sullivan.com) and their

enewable Energy Technologies: Global Developments 2003 (Frost & Sullivan.com)

(2003) (Reuters Business Insight) Tnational policies and the role of GoOs (2003) (Reuters Business Insight) [Business Electronic Sources] (Reuters Business Insight) Tmarket (2004) (Reuters Business Insight) RInsights) (2004) (Frost & Sullivan.com) T(2004) (Reuters Business Insight) In Timpact of biomass power generation 2004 (Reuters Business Insight) L Twind power generation 2004 (Reuters Business Insight) NExamines different technologies currently in the North American solar power marketpotential to reduce cost and compete effectively. RExamines emerging technologies in energy and provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of recent technological advances on the market

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APPENDIX 2

Product News on Wind Power since 1st July 2004

Search Strategy: S1 (WINDMILL? OR WIND OR WINDS)(5N)(POWER OR ELECTRIC?)(3N)GENERAT? S2 S3 AND PD>20040630 (Item 2 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11504879 Supplier Number: 122727396 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) GE'S 1.5-Megawatt Wind Turbine is First In Megawatt Class to Reach 2,500 Installations; Advances in Technology Continue to Provide Low Cost of Electricity. Business Wire, pNA Sept 30, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newswire; Trade Word Count: 631 ... 5-megawatt technology include: --Variable rotor diameters that can be optimized for every category of wind application to increase energy yields and reduce energy generation costs. --Innovations in power electronics, including WindVAR ( Wind Volt Amp Reactive Technology). Along with the previously introduced Low Voltage Ride-Thru (LVRT) capability... 20040930 (Item 7 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11501544 Supplier Number: 122670465 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Repower Predicts Wind Will Be Competitive in 10 Years.(Brief Article) Renewable Energy Today, pNA Sept 24, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Article Type: Brief Article Document Type: Newsletter; General Trade Word Count: 137 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) TEXT: ...recently reported that Fritz Vahrenholt, chairman of German wind turbine manufacturer Repower, said he expects wind energy to become competitive with fossil fuel-based electricity generation by 2014, due primarily to

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improvements in the efficiency of wind energy technology and increases... 20040924 (Item 9 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11501316 Supplier Number: 122330538 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) A breath of fresh air blows east: the European Commission has admitted that the EU's original member states will miss 2010 targets for power produced from renewable sources. And unless accession countries step up their efforts significantly, experts say the expanded EU is unlikely to meet proposed new targets for 2020.(European renewable energy) Watson, NJ Petroleum Economist, v71, n9, p30(2) Sept, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Magazine/Journal; Trade Word Count: 1600 ... if their governments fail to reform their legislation and speed up incentives for renewably produced power . WWFs Volpi reckons potential renewable-energy generating capacity--mainly from wood, agricultural residues and wind power --could amount to almost 20 gigawatts, the equivalent of replacing about 50 large coal-fired... 20040901 (Item 10 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11501315 Supplier Number: 122330537 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Room for improvement: few believe that the European Union will meet its 2010 renewable energy targets, but its efforts so far have not been without merit. New policies and technologies should see the use of renewables grow in importance over the next decade.(European renewable energy) Heaton, Cris Petroleum Economist, v71, n9, p27(3) Sept, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Magazine/Journal; Trade Word Count: 2958 ... Research Associates (Cera). Where governments have introduced well-focused policies, the growth of renewables--particularly wind for electricity generation --has been striking. Germany, Spain and Denmark have left the rest of the EU15 trailing ... ...technologies, much of the growth in renewables over the next five years will be onshore wind power for electricity generation . For countries such as the UK, which is struggling to meet its internal target of... ...energy available "the UK coast could, theoretically, deliver electricity for the whole of Europe". The power that will be generated from offshore wind farms

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dwarfs the output from existing onshore ones. A 50 megawatt (MW) onshore farm is... 20040901 (Item 11 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11492845 Supplier Number: 122542930 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) AREVA T&D to Design, Manufacture and Install the UK's First High-Voltage Offshore Substation. PR Newswire, pNA Sept 27, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newswire; Trade Word Count: 510 AREVA T&D's total design solution for the electrical connection will ensure that high-quality power generated by the wind farm is delivered to the national power network reliably and efficiently. The Barrow project requires a compact and weight saving high-voltage ... 20040927 (Item 12 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11490971 Supplier Number: 122530877 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Go-ahead for Eco2's first wind farm.(Business) Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), p31 Sept 25, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newspaper; General Word Count: 483 ... electricity requirements from renewable sources by 2015 to help tackle climate change. Every unit of electricity generated by a wind energy project displaces a unit that would have been generated by a fossil fuel power station and as a consequence helps to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released and... 20040925 (Item 15 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11487156 Supplier Number: 122460206 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Announced deals July & August.(venture capital companies)(Illustration) European Venture Capital Journal, n115, p81(40) Sept, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Article Type: Illustration Document Type: Newsletter; Trade Word Count: 6183 ... has a similar output to modern wind turbines end can be used in

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large scale wind farm applications that consist of interlinked machines, providing electricity generated from the movement in waves through a sub-sea cable. Wave power is the most... 20040901 (Item 26 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11464689 Supplier Number: 122017180 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Expanded energy agency will promote sustainable projects.(Business) Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), p7 Sept 15, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newspaper; General Word Count: 329 ... duty to promote sustainable development, and is already playing a major role in renewable energy generation through hydro- electricity , wind energy and photo voltaic developments. 'The Welsh Assembly Government is committed to building on this... 20040915 (Item 27 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11455522 Supplier Number: 121354880 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Talisman Plans Wind Pilot.(Talisman Energy Inc. plans wind power plant)(Brief Article) The Oil Daily, v54, n166, pITEM0424000E August 30, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Article Type: Brief Article Document Type: Newsletter; Trade Word Count: 176 ... affecting production. Construction of the turbines is expected to begin later this year, with first electricity generation following in late 2006. Interest in deepwater wind generation has increased, as doubts have been raised about building turbines in shallow- water mudflats. 20040830 (Item 33 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11443377 Supplier Number: 121592866 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) NPC Opens New Wind Farm in Scotland.(Natural Power Consultants)(Brief Article) Renewable Energy Today, pNA August 31, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Article Type: Brief Article Document Type: Newsletter; General Trade

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Word Count: 113 According to NPC, the wind farm, which features 20 Nordex turbines, is the most powerful wind facility in Scotland, generating enough electricity to meet the annual energy needs of approximately 33,000 homes. The guide reported that... 20040831 (Item 35 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11440017 Supplier Number: 121546051 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) WindLogics Wins Nearly $2 Million in Key Wind Energy and Weather Forecasting Contracts. Business Wire, pNA Sept 2, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newswire; Trade Word Count: 1014 ... Renewable Development Fund for developing and demonstrating a utility-scale wind energy forecasting system. As wind power becomes a significant contributor to the generation assets of Xcel Energy, the need to understand and predict available energy from wind on... ...the services of several other industry leaders including EnerNex Corporation who will contribute extensive technical wind generation experience with wind turbine technology, plant design, power system operations and interconnection. The Utility Wind Interest Group has been retained to assist with... 20040902 (Item 40 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11418390 Supplier Number: 121214940 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Power poser.(Business) Daily Post (Liverpool, England), p2 August 25, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newspaper; General Word Count: 108 ... sources to 15% by 2015. A major part of this plan involves the building of wind farms. Power engineering specialist EA Technology says generating the power is only half the battle with storage being a key issue. EA's John Baker... 20040825 (Item 44 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11405949 Supplier Number: 120952310 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Mammon.(News)

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Simple, Peter Daily Telegraph (London, England), pNA August 20, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newspaper; General Word Count: 257 ... described as "the countryside" will be absorbed by industrial developments. What are improved methods of generating electrical power - always supposing that wind farms are among them, which seems doubtful - for, apart for our comfort and convenience? They... 20040820 (Item 48 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11401985 Supplier Number: 120822079 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Whitehall is told to cut red tape for wind farms.(City) Tyler, Richard Daily Telegraph (London, England), pNA August 18, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newspaper; General Word Count: 428 ... seabed, awarded the first 18 offshore wind farm leases in 2001. So far only 34 wind turbines are generating power . There are two, 1km off the coast of Blythe Harbour, Northumberland, another two at Scroby... 20040818 (Item 53 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11380999 Supplier Number: 120251018 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Extrasensory inspection: as new technologies make condition monitoring cheaper and more reliable industries are becoming wise to the benefits of having real-time information about the state of their products. Christopher Sell reports.(Special Report) Sell, Christopher The Engineer, v293, n7656, p31(3) July 23, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Magazine/Journal; Academic Word Count: 1784 ... significant role in enabling the UK to meet this target. Airtricity, an Irish, privately-owned wind power generator , is constructing what will be Ireland's largest offshore wind park on the Arklow Bank, off the east coast of Ireland. In December last year... 20040723 (Item 56 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv.

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11368680 Supplier Number: 120036519 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Reaction injection moulding of wind turbine blades.(Energy/power generation) Advanced Composites Bulletin, p8 August, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newsletter; Trade Word Count: 489 Reaction injection moulding of wind turbine blades.(Energy/ power generation ) 20040801 (Item 58 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11360522 Supplier Number: 119904025 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Blowing in the wind.(Brief Article) Utility Week, p15 July 30, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Article Type: Brief Article Document Type: Magazine/Journal; Trade Word Count: 201 ... Times, Jonathan Leake and John Elliot questioned the motives behind the drive for more wind power . The real profit in wind , they argued, is not the electricity generated but the sale of Renewable Energy Certificates (Rocs) to electricity suppliers, who need them to... 20040730 (Item 64 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11343840 Supplier Number: 119600234 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Europe faces (euro)500 million power charge.(Energy/Environmental) Kenny, Jim Solutions - for People, Processes and Paper, v87, n7, p36(3) July, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Magazine/Journal; Trade Word Count: 1996 ... the ETS. The thing is, the energy producers won't pay emissions charges on the wind , hydro, CHP, or nuclear power generated by their business. The power companies only pay that on the oil/coal and gas... 20040701 (Item 65 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11342584 Supplier Number: 119580353 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Endesa to Invest Euro 450 Million to Build 18 Wind Farms in Valencia. Advanced Materials & Composites News, v26, n589, p0

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July 19, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newsletter; Trade Word Count: 222 ... completion of the projects, the region of Valencia will have 2,300 MW of new wind capacity, generating 5,500 gigawatthour (GWh) of power . Currently, the region only has 21 MW of wind capacity. Endesa owns 55 percent of... 20040719 (Item 66 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11332384 Supplier Number: 119352640 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Wind farm claims are so much hot air; Niall Ferguson says Labour's commitment to `renewable' energy ignores simple economic truths.(Features) Ferguson, Niall Daily Telegraph (London, England), pNA July 16, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newspaper; General Word Count: 1112 ... what they poetically call the ``visual amenity''. Nimbyism aside, my objection is not just that wind turbines are a much more expensive way of generating power than conventional power stations. We could all put up with bigger bills if it meant... ...turbines. What's more, because of the technical difficulty of building, servicing and transmitting the power from them, offshore turbines are even more expensive, generating power at 7.2p per kilowatt hour. And wind varies: any energy supplier wanting to buy power from wind farms must also line up... ...of 3.5 cents. Yet the German grid is now plagued by the unpredictability of wind power generation . In one region, the wind was strong enough to utilise more than half the available capacity on only 36 days... 20040716 (Item 67 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11332335 Supplier Number: 119352591 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) A chill wind.(News) Simple, Peter Daily Telegraph (London, England), pNA July 16, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newspaper; General Word Count: 425 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) TEXT: ...vigorous protests, the Government is pressing on with its infamous plan to harness the innocent wind to generate electricity and cover the most attractive parts of the country still remaining with hundreds, if not

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... 20040716 (Item 69 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11326584 Supplier Number: 119267230 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) ENDESA to Invest Euro 450 Million to Build 18 Wind Farms in Valencia with Total Installed Capacity Of 500MW. Business Wire, pNA July 14, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newswire; Trade Word Count: 606 ... completion of the projects, the region of Valencia will have 2,300 MW of new wind capacity, generating 5,500 GWh of power . Currently, the region only has 21 MW of wind capacity. To construct these wind farms... 20040714 (Item 70 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11325811 Supplier Number: 119239109 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) New Report Highlights France's Wind Industry. Renewable Energy Today, p0 July 12, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newsletter; General Trade Word Count: 113 ... been created in France." Reuters said the government of France has set a goal of generating approximately 6,000 MW of electricity from wind power by 2007. (REUTERS: 7/7) 20040712 (Item 71 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11325803 Supplier Number: 119239100 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Official Says Spain Could Raise Wind Power Capacity. Renewable Energy Today, p0 July 8, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newsletter; General Trade Word Count: 107 According to Reuters, Garcia Breva said he believes the country is capable of generating 40 percent of its electricity from wind resources by 2011. "It's possible," said Garcia Breva. "It's an aim that can... 20040708

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(Item 72 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11320313 Supplier Number: 119191672 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Aurora Photovoltaic Inverter Maximizes Solar Energy Harvesting. Business Wire, pNA July 12, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newswire; Trade Word Count: 545 ... regarding sales of and markets for its products for alternative energy sources such as photovoltaic, wind and fuel cell power generators . These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of... 20040712 (Item 75 from file: 16) DIALOG(R)File 16:Gale Group PROMT(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 11306289 Supplier Number: 118854561 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) LADWP Issues Request for Proposals for Renewable Energy Projects; Goal to Increase Renewable Power by 13% by 2010 and 20% by 2017. Business Wire, pNA July 1, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newswire; Trade Word Count: 676 ... Power Commissions, LADWP is developing a Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) to increase its share of power generation through renewable energy sources -- such as solar, wind , geothermal and biomass -- to 13% of its energy by 2010 and 20% by 2017. "This... 20040701 (Item 2 from file: 148) DIALOG(R)File 148:Gale Group Trade & Industry DB (c)2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 0017426052 SUPPLIER NUMBER: 121875437 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULL TEXT) The global marketplace for turbines.(Focus on Industries and Markets) Hester, Edward D.; Gross, Andrew C. Business Economics, 39, 3, 60(6) July, 2004 ISSN: 0007-666X LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 4164 LINE COUNT: 00383 ... Wind turbines typically feature three blades spinning; the force thus created is then used to power an electric generator . Wind turbine performance is now enhanced by better aerodynamic designs, use of advanced materials such as... ...energy. Turbine-generators are driven by the rotating action of the

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turbine: steam, combustion gas, wind , or hydro power can be used to drive a generator . Generator sets, as the name implies, incorporate a generator with a prime mover in a... ...Table 1). This situation is expected to prevail due to the popularity of combined cycle power plants and the rapid deployment of wind turbines. The electric power generation segment accounts for just about one-half of total global demand. A key factor contributing... 20040701 (Item 5 from file: 148) DIALOG(R)File 148:Gale Group Trade & Industry DB (c)2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 0017377609 SUPPLIER NUMBER: 121737877 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULL TEXT) Ion plasma generator reduces wind turbine lightning strikes.(Field Notes) Smith, Douglas J. Power Engineering, 108, 8, 80(2) August, 2004 ISSN: 0032-5961 LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 864 LINE COUNT: 00073 TEXT: Inside 20 years, the U.S., Europe and Japan have the potential for generating up to 40% of their electrical needs from wind energy. With the trend toward larger wind turbines, the cost/kWh for generating electricity continues to drop. As a result, many countries are developing and constructing wind farms. Even... 20040801 (Item 6 from file: 148) DIALOG(R)File 148:Gale Group Trade & Industry DB (c)2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 0017376108 SUPPLIER NUMBER: 121573243 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULL TEXT) Motorists, rejoice!(Wollensky)(Column) Wollensky, Jug A. Modern Power Systems, 24, 7, 39(1) July, 2004 DOCUMENT TYPE: Column ISSN: 0260-7840 LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 858 LINE COUNT: 00071 ... extent blinkered. I had to admit that some of us may be drawn more to wind turbines that drive electricity generators than to those that drive water pumps: and more perhaps to biogas for diesel gensets... ...were inspiring marine designers at least as much as they were invigorating the designers of wind turbines for power generation . More so, perhaps, for the sailing-ship projects differed even more radically from nineteenth-century... 20040701

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(Item 8 from file: 148) DIALOG(R)File 148:Gale Group Trade & Industry DB (c)2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 0017364202 SUPPLIER NUMBER: 121416081 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULL TEXT) GE: Green and European: the industrial giant's new Munich research outpost puts renewable energy in high gear.(Innovation news: the forefront of emerging technology, R&D, and market trends)(Illustration) Hurter, Tobias Technology Review (Cambridge, Mass.), 107, 7, 24(2) Sept, 2004 DOCUMENT TYPE: Illustration ISSN: 1099-274X LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 721 LINE COUNT: 00063 ... the time being, GE has the wind at its back when it comes to renewables. WIND POWER : TAKING EUROPE BY STORM Wind power generation in Europe is expected to grow enormously in the next two decades. The industry estimates... 20040901 (Item 10 from file: 148) DIALOG(R)File 148:Gale Group Trade & Industry DB (c)2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 0017336078 SUPPLIER NUMBER: 121279391 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULL TEXT) Start-up's PCS smoothes voltage from wind, solar generators.(Electronics) New Materials Japan, 2 Sept, 2004 ISSN: 0265-3443 LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 257 LINE COUNT: 00023 TEXT: ...a new type of power conditioner system (PCS) to provide an efficient, stable output of electricity from wind and solar generators . The PCS functions to equalize the voltage output from the small wind and solar power generators used by homes and small offices, smoothing out the variations in voltage that inevitably occur... ...and a DC/AC inverter. It also has a display for showing the status of electricity input and output. The new PCS can handle wind and solar generators with power outputs of up to 1.5 kW. It weighs just 24kg and is relatively compact... ...to normal electricity lines, allowing normal operation of personal computers and other equipment. Windpower markets wind power generators , solar power generators , and hybrids that tap both wind and sunlight. A hybrid system and the new PCS will be offered as a set... 20040901 (Item 14 from file: 148)

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DIALOG(R)File 148:Gale Group Trade & Industry DB (c)2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 0017280199 SUPPLIER NUMBER: 120331902 Wave generators bid to keep up with wind power.(Business) Webb, Tim Independent Sunday (London, England), 4 August 8, 2004 ISSN: 0958-1723 LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Citation Wave generators bid to keep up with wind power .(Business) 20040808 (Item 16 from file: 148) DIALOG(R)File 148:Gale Group Trade & Industry DB (c)2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 0017228327 SUPPLIER NUMBER: 119655279 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULL TEXT) Acceding to succeed: how joining the EU may transform the Central and Eastern European electricity sectors. Neely, Bridgett; Goulding, A.J. Public Utilities Fortnightly (1994), 142, 7, 42(6) July, 2004 ISSN: 1074-6099 LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 3500 LINE COUNT: 00333 ... the accession countries also need to increase the amount of renewable energy they use to generate electricity . Thus, wind -fired, biomass-fired, and small hydro will become key investment opportunities. Some countries, such as... 20040701 (Item 1 from file: 636) DIALOG(R)File 636:Gale Group Newsletter DB(TM) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 05874703 Supplier Number: 122668999 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Energy statistics. M2 Presswire, pNA Sept 30, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newswire; Trade Word Count: 2130 ... in precipitation in the catchment areas and 2003 was a particularly "dry" year. * In Wales wind generated 88 per cent more electricity than hydro. In 2003 Scotland generated 22 per cent more electricity from wind than Wales did. * In England the region with the largest generation and capacity is the... 20040930 (Item 8 from file: 636) DIALOG(R)File 636:Gale Group Newsletter DB(TM)

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(c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 05841225 Supplier Number: 120128653 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Announced deals June.(Announced deals) European Venture Capital Journal, n114, p63(21) July-August, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newsletter; Trade Word Count: 2748 ... Pelamis has a similar output to modern wind turbines and can be used in large scale wind farm applications that consists of interlinked machines providing electricity generated from the movement in waves through a sub-sea cable. Wave power is the... 20040701 (Item 9 from file: 636) DIALOG(R)File 636:Gale Group Newsletter DB(TM) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 05840853 Supplier Number: 120107621 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Wind power now the fastest growing form of electricity generation in the world. M2 Presswire, pNA August 3, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newswire; Trade Word Count: 818 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Wind power now the fastest growing form of electricity generation in the world. TEXT: M2 PRESSWIRE-3 August 2004-Research and Markets: Wind power now the fastest growing form of electricity generation in the world(C)1994-2004 M2 COMMUNICATIONS LTD ... is raising awareness of other issues such as security of supply, guarantees of base load generation , black start capability. Is a backlash against wind power possible or even imminent? These issues are discussed in the report. After a twenty year... 20040803 (Item 10 from file: 636) DIALOG(R)File 636:Gale Group Newsletter DB(TM) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 05840210 Supplier Number: 120048470 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) Hewitt announces GBP50 million boost to wave and tidal energy - biggest ever award to harness sea power for the UK. M2 Presswire, pNA August 2, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newswire; Trade Word Count: 838 ... greatest in Europe and I want to ensure we harness these immense natural resources to generate power for the UK. "Renewable energy - through wind , wave and other sources - plays a

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vital part in our fight against climate change, and... 20040802 (Item 12 from file: 636) DIALOG(R)File 636:Gale Group Newsletter DB(TM) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 05818464 Supplier Number: 118673298 (USE FORMAT 7 FOR FULLTEXT) World's largest wind turbine rotor blade.(Energy/Power generation) Advanced Composites Bulletin, p8 July, 2004 Language: English Record Type: Fulltext Document Type: Newsletter; Trade Word Count: 500 World's largest wind turbine rotor blade.(Energy/ Power generation ) ... blade set is designed for installation on 5 MW wind turbines made by the German wind turbine manufacturer REpower Systems AG. It can generate sufficient power from the wind to provide the average annual electricity consumed by 5000 households. Each blade measures 61.5... 20040701 (Item 1 from file: 9) DIALOG(R)File 9:Business & Industry(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 4447134 Supplier Number: 122330538 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULLTEXT) A breath of fresh air blows east: the European Commission has admitted that the EU's original member states will miss 2010 targets for power produced from renewable sources. And unless accession countries step up their efforts significantly, experts say the expanded EU is unlikely to meet proposed new targets for 2020. (European renewable energy) Petroleum Economist, v 71, n 9, p 30 September 2004 DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal ISSN: 0306-395X (United Kingdom) LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 1493 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULLTEXT) TEXT: ...if their governments fail to reform their legislation and speed up incentives for renewably produced power . WWFs Volpi reckons potential renewable-energy generating capacity--mainly from wood, agricultural residues and wind power --could amount to almost 20 gigawatts, the equivalent of replacing about 50 large coal-fired... (Item 2 from file: 9) DIALOG(R)File 9:Business & Industry(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 4447133 Supplier Number: 122330537 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULLTEXT) Room for improvement: few believe that the European Union will meet its 2010 renewable energy targets, but its efforts so far have not been without merit. New policies and technologies should see the use of renewables grow in importance over the next decade.

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(European renewable energy) Petroleum Economist, v 71, n 9, p 27 September 2004 DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal ISSN: 0306-395X (United Kingdom) LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 2755 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULLTEXT) TEXT: ...Research Associates (Cera). Where governments have introduced well-focused policies, the growth of renewables--particularly wind for electricity generation --has been striking. ... ...technologies, much of the growth in renewables over the next five years will be onshore wind power for electricity generation . For countries such as the UK, which is struggling to meet its internal target of... ...energy available "the UK coast could, theoretically, deliver electricity for the whole of Europe". The power that will be generated from offshore wind farms dwarfs the output from existing onshore ones. A 50 megawatt (MW) onshore farm is... (Item 4 from file: 9) DIALOG(R)File 9:Business & Industry(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 4442104 Supplier Number: 121647219 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULLTEXT) 'Saving the planet' vs reality: between the idea and the reality; between the motion and the act, falls the shadow--T S Eliot. In the case of C(O.sub.2) reduction, the 'shadow' is practicality. (Renewables) Power Economics, p 8 August 31, 2004 DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal ISSN: 1367-1707 (United Kingdom) LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 757 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULLTEXT) TEXT: ...Royal Academy of Engineering, had a go at including real costs, such as the standby generation coats for calm days, and concluded that offshore wind power costs over 7p/kwh whereas CCGT produces at just over 2p/kwh ( about the same... (Item 6 from file: 9) DIALOG(R)File 9:Business & Industry(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 4418901 Supplier Number: 121145472 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULLTEXT) Gotland: the HVDC pioneer: fifty years ago, the first ever commercial HVDC link was commissioned on Gotland. PEi visited this Swedish island to trace the history of the technology, and to find out what the next step in its development will be. (HVDC Systems)

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Power Engineering International, v 12, n 7, p 28 July 2004 DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal ISSN: 1069-4994 (United Kingdom) LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 1430 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULLTEXT) TEXT: ...is also being used to support the growth of renewable energy and its integration into electricity grids. It is particularly suited to harnessing wind power generated offshore onto onshore grids, and for connecting offshore oil platforms to mainland grids. The growth... ...the AC voltage stable in the surrounding AC network. This ensures a high level of power quality in spite of the intermittent nature of wind power generation . HVDC Light cables are made of polymeric material and are lightweight (Item 10 from file: 9) DIALOG(R)File 9:Business & Industry(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 4394360 Supplier Number: 119781676 Enel. (Europe & Middle East) Power, Finance & Risk, v 7, n 29, p 5 July 19, 2004 DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal; News Brief ISSN: 1529-6652 (United States) LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 33 TEXT: Enel, Italy's largest utility, will invest EUR106 million to install 71 wind -powered generators in Italy by next year. The new power will increase wind turbine generated electricity supply by 10% (Bloomberg, 7/13). ... (Item 11 from file: 9) DIALOG(R)File 9:Business & Industry(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 4393018 Supplier Number: 119904004 electricity; Spain's Basque Country to boost wind. Utility Week, p 9 July 30, 2004 DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal; News Brief ISSN: 1356-5532 (United Kingdom) LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 119 TEXT: ...the Basque government said the project would cost e500 million and enable the region to generate 12 per cent of its power from wind , up from 4 per cent now. The original plan was to build six windfarms with...

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(Item 12 from file: 9) DIALOG(R)File 9:Business & Industry(R) (c) 2004 The Gale Group. All rts. reserv. 4387432 Supplier Number: 119655279 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULLTEXT) Acceding to succeed: how joining the EU may transform the Central and Eastern European electricity sectors. Public Utilities Fortnightly, v 142, n 7, p 42 July 2004 DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal ISSN: 1074-6099 (United States) LANGUAGE: English RECORD TYPE: Fulltext WORD COUNT: 3303 (USE FORMAT 7 OR 9 FOR FULLTEXT) TEXT: ...the accession countries also need to increase the amount of renewable energy they use to generate electricity . Thus, wind -fired, biomass-fired, and small hydro will become key investment opportunities. Some countries, such as...

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