44 . SCHULTZ-rIAUDT

Subject Index

Absorption spectra 7-9acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-coA) 3N-acetylgalactosamine 2, 4, 15,24-26N-acetylglucosamine I, 2, 4, IS, 16,24,26N-acetylhexosaminidase 16, 27N-acetylmannosamine 26N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA), see: sialic acidN-acetylneuraminidase (neuraminidase) 27, 30, 33, 36acidic polysaccharides 12, ISacridines 10, 12acridine orange 9,12active sulphate 3aggregation, states of 5, 20, 36albumin 14, 20Alcian blue (AB) 10-13, IS, 18,20,21- chemistry 10, II

- electron opacity 12- polyanion interaction with II

- quarternary ammonium salts, analogy with 10, I IAlcian yellow (AY) ISamidoschwarz 17, 22, 33amylase 30antibody 23,24,37- anti-glycoprotein (anti-GP) 37- anti-hyaluronic acid (anti-rIA) 23, 24- anti-protein-chondroitin sulphate (anti-P-Ch-S)

23,24antigen 2, 22-24,32,35,37- glycoprotein (GP) as 32, 35, 37- hyaluronic acid (rIA) as 2, 22-24- protein-chondroitin sulphate (P-Ch-S) as 23antigenic expression, role of glycoprotein 27antigenic sites (proteoglycans) 23anthrone 32aorta (glycoprotein from) 24, 30, 3Iaspartic acid 25Aspergillus parasiticus polysaccharide 12autoradiography 13,14Azure A 12, 13

Barium hydroxide 6barium-sodium rhodizonate 14basic fuchsin 28, 29basic lead acetate 6basic polysaccharides 12basophilia 6

Calcium acetate 6carbazolI9carbodiimide 13carboxylic acid hydrazides 13carboxypeptidase 27Carnoy's fluid 6cartilage 4, II, 21, 23cathepsins 27

cationic exchange, see: ionic exchangeCEC, see: critical electrolyte concentrationcellular stickiness, glycoproteins in 27cellulose acetate 18, 28, 3I, 33cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC) 10, II, 12, IS, 17, 21chitin 12chondroitin sulphates (Ch-S) 1-4, I 1,12, 14-18,

20-24,29- antigenicity 23- biochemistry 3, 4- chemistry 2- turnover 4chondroitin 4-sulphate (Ch 4-S, CSA A) 1,2,4,16,

18,29- biochemistry 2-5- chemistry I, 2chondroitin6-sulphate (Ch 6-S, CSA C) 1,2,4, 16,

18,29- biochemistry 2-5- chemistry 1,2chondroitin sulphate-protein complexes,

see: protein-chondroitinsulphates (P-Ch-S)chondroitinases AC, ABC 16chondrosulphatases 16chromatography- gel, see: gel filtration- paper, see: paper chromatographychymotrypsin 16circular dichroism (CD) 9,10Clostridium, hyaluronidase from 16collagen I, 30, 31, 35collagenase 17colloidal charge density 9colloidal gold 14colloidal iron stain (rIa!e's stain) 13, 14, 17, 18,29- chemistry 13- specificity 14connective tissue I, 4, 20, 24, 29, 30, 37connective tissue fibres I, 5,20connective tissue ground substance I, 24, 30, 35connective tissue matrix Icopper phthalocyanine (CuPC) 10-12Cotton effect 9CPC, see: cetyl pyridinium chlorideCPC-chondroitin sulphates (CPC-Ch-S) IS, 17CPC-hyaluronic acid (CPC-rIA) IS, 17critical electrolyte concentration (CEC) II, 12, IS, 17CMP-NANA26CuCP, see: copper phthalocyaninecyanine dyes 7cytidine triphosphate (CTP) 26

Dermatan sulphate (DS, CSA B) 1,2,4, 16, 18,29- biochemistry 4

dermatan chemistry 2

dialdehydes 27, 28, 30m-(p)-diamine 12, 13Diplococcus, hyaluronidase from 16disc electrophoresis ]2double diffusion (Ouchterlony diffusion) 23, 27

Elastin I, 24, 27, 30, 31electrophoresis 17, 18,22,31-33- low voltage, disc (polyacrylamide) 31, 32- low voltage, paper 17,18,22,31- low voltage, cellulose acetate 18, 31, 33endoplasmic reticulum 3enzymes, staining of on paper 17enzymatic differentiation IS - 17- chondroitinases 16- hyaluronidases IS, 16- proteolytic enzymes 16

Fibre£ormation 5, 31, 35- dermatan sulphate (DS) involvement 5- glycoprotein (GP) involvement 31,35fixation, fixatives 5, 6Flavobacterium heparinum 16- hyaluronidase£rom 16- chondroitinase from 16fluorescein isothiocyanate 12fiuorescent dyes 10fluorescence microscopy 23,24,37freeze substitution 6freezing-drying 6fucose 24-26,29,33-35- determination 33,34

Galactosamine 3,19,24,32,33,35- determination 33, 34galactose 3, 4. 24-26, 29,30,33-35- determination 33,34gamma-globulin 14, 20-22, ]2gel filtration 18, 23, 31,]2,35glucosamine 19, 24, 26, 30, 32,33,35- determination 19glucose 3, 4, 24-26, 29,3 0,33,34- determination 33,34glucuronic acid I, 3,4, IS, 16, 19,29- determination 19beta-glucuronidase 16glutamic acid 25glutamine 3glycogen 29, 30I: 2 glycol groups 27,28glycopeptidases 27glycopeptides 25, 28glycoproteins (GP) I, 12, 13, 18,22,24-38- antigenicity 35, 37- biochemical analysis 33- biochemistry-biology 25-27

Connective Tissue Ground Substances 45

glycoproteins chemical analysis 32- chemistry 24-25- differentiation 29-31- extraction and fractionation 31-32- identification and quantitation 27-37- immunologic aspects 27, ]2, 37-38- quantitation 33-37- staining 27-39,]2,35,36- structure 25glycosaminoglycans (GAG) I

glycosidases 3I

Golgi apparatus 3, 27ground substance 1,5,10,15,20,24,30,31,35-37- composition of 20ground substance glycoprotein (GSGP) 22, 24, 27,

31,]2,35-3 8guanine diphospho-derivatives 26

Hale's stain, see: colloidal ironheparin 15,16,20hexosamines 19, 24, 25, 29, 32, 33- determination 19hexosaminidic linkage IShexosaminohexuronoglycans 21,34hexose 25, 29, 32, 36- determination of total 32hexuronic acids 19, 20, 29, 33- determination 19hyaluronic acid (HA) 1-5, 9-rr, 14-16, 18,20-24,29- antigenicity 2, 22-24- biochemistry 3, 4- chemistry 2

- turnover 4hyaluronidases 4,15-18,35

Iduronic acid 2, 3, 19, 29, 35- chemistry 3, 29- determination 19immunologic aspects 22-24,37-38- in relation to glycoproteins 37- in relation to proteoglycans 22-24immunologic cross reactions (proteoglycans) 2, 4, 23intercellular matrix I

intercharge distance (charge density) 6, 9ionic exchange 5,18,19,23.27,31-33,37- function of glycoproteins 27- function of proteoglycans 5- experimental use of 18, 19,23,]2,33,35,37isothiouronium derivatives 10

Large size protein-chondroitin sulphate 23lead nitrate 6leucineaminopeptidases 27linkage region 2-4,23,25

Mannose 24-26,29,30,33-35- determination 33

46 . SCHULTZ-HAUDT

metachromasia 3, 6-10,18,22- aggregation theory 6, 7- as a colloidal phenomenon 6, 7- combination theory 7- dye-induced 7- salt-induced 7,8- solvent-induced 8- temperature effects 8methylene blue 8, 9Micrococcus, hyaluronidase from 16miscellaneous stains in ground substance histo-

chemistry 12-13monosaccharides 4,32-34- determination of 33, 34

NANA, see: sialic acidNewcomer's fluid 6neuraminidase, see: N-acetylneuraminidase

Oligiosaccharides 4,24-27,30-32, 34optical rotary dispersion (ORD) 9, 10optical rotation 9orcinol 19orthochromasia 7,18,21,22Ouchterlony diffusion, see: double diffusion

Papain 16, 17,21,27,28,30paper chromatography, separation of:- hexosamines 19, 32, 33- hexuronic acids 19- monosaccharides 32-34paper electrophoresis of:- enzyme preparations 17- gamma-globulin 22- glycoprotein 18, 29- proteoglycans 18PAPS, see: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulphateparamagnetism 8pepsin 16, 21, 30periodic acid 28, 30periodate consumption 28, 30periodate oxidation 28, 30periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction 27-29,30,33,35- chemistry 27,28- conditions 28- differentiation 29-31periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining 12, 17, 18,22,

28-30,32,33,35- on cellulose acetate 28, 33- in polyacrylamide gels 28, 32- in the test tube 28-30,36- on tissue sections 28, 36- on paper 17,18,22,32,35N,N-dimethyl-m-phenylenediamine 133'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulphate (PAPS) 3phosphoenylpyruvate 26photoinduced paramagnetism 8phthalocyanins 12

polyacrylamide 28, 31, 32pronase 16, 21, 27, 30protein corers) 3, 4, 25-23, 31protein-chondroitin sulphates (P-Ch-S) 3-5, 12, 13,

23-25,29- antigenicity 4,23,24- biochemistry 3, 4- chemistry 3proteoglycans (PG) 1-24- biochemical analyzes 19- biochemistry-biology 2-5- chemical analyzes 17-19- chemical differentiation 14, IS- chemistry I, 2- differentiation II, 14-18- enzymic differentiation 15-17- extraction and fractionation 17,18- identification 5, 6- immunologic aspects 2, 4, 22-24- quantitation 19-22- staining 6-14- terminology I

proteolytic enzymes 4, 16,21,27, 30, 36Proteus vulgaris, hyaluronidases and chondroitinases

from 16pulse radiation 8, 9

Quarternary ammonium compounds 6,10, IS, 17

Repeating disaccharides of proteoglycans 1,2reticulin I

rhodizonatc 14

Serine 2,3,25serum (glyco) proteins 14, 20-22, 24,30,31,35,36sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid, NANA) 24-27,

29-33,35,36- biochemistry 26- chemistry 26- determination of 33- periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining with 30sialidase, see: N-acetylneuraminidasesmall size protein-chondroitin sulphate (P-Ch-S) 23solution anion, effect on Alcian blue (AB) of I I

species specific protein-chondroitin sulphate(P-Ch-S) determinant 23

species common protein-chondroitin sulphate(P-Ch-S) determinant 23

Streptococcus, hyaluronidase from 16- hyaluronic acid (HA) from 23sulphatases 4

Thiazines 12thionine 7threonine 25toluidine blue (TB) 7,17,18,20-22,29transferases 3

triphenylmethanes 12tropocollagen 5trypsin 16, 21, 27,30

UDP-sugar derivatives 3, 4,26UTP (uridine triphosphate) 3,4,26

Connective Tissue Ground Substances· 47

Water 5, 8,9,27- metabolism, role of glycoprotein 27- metabolism, role of hyaluronic acid 5- as related to metachromasia 8, 9

Xylose 2,3,24,25