Styles of Architecture

Styles of Architecture

What is Architecture?What is Architecture?

Architecture is the art and profession of designing buildings.

The word Architecture (Greek) has a historical meaning: May refer to a building style of a

particular culture or to an artistic movement such as Greek, Gothic, and Renaissance architecture.

Architecture is the art and profession of designing buildings.

The word Architecture (Greek) has a historical meaning: May refer to a building style of a

particular culture or to an artistic movement such as Greek, Gothic, and Renaissance architecture.

What is Architecture?What is Architecture?

Architecture has many artistic qualities but must also satisfy practical considerations.

Example: Office Buildings A building cannot just be aesthetically

pleasing. Needs to accompany the comfort and

efficiency levels for people in it. If the building does not fulfill comfort, it

fails architecturally.

Architecture has many artistic qualities but must also satisfy practical considerations.

Example: Office Buildings A building cannot just be aesthetically

pleasing. Needs to accompany the comfort and

efficiency levels for people in it. If the building does not fulfill comfort, it

fails architecturally.

Architectural StyleArchitectural Style

Architectural style is a way of classifying architecture by the features of design, leading to a terminology such as “Gothic” style.

Architectural style is a way of classifying architecture by the features of design, leading to a terminology such as “Gothic” style.

Neolithic ArchitectureNeolithic Architecture

Also known as “Stone-Age” architecture contains some of the oldest known structures made by mankind.

Also known as “Stone-Age” architecture contains some of the oldest known structures made by mankind.

Neolithic ArchitectureNeolithic Architecture

Neolithic Architects were great builders who used mainly mud-brick to construct houses and villages.

Houses were plastered and painted with ancient scenes of humans and animals.

Many of the more famous Neolithic structures were remarkably made by enormous stones.

Neolithic Architects were great builders who used mainly mud-brick to construct houses and villages.

Houses were plastered and painted with ancient scenes of humans and animals.

Many of the more famous Neolithic structures were remarkably made by enormous stones.

StonehengeStonehenge

Egyptian ArchitectureEgyptian Architecture

Due to lack of wood most Egyptian architecture was made with mud-brick and stone.

Most ancient Egyptian towns have been lost because they were situated in the cultivated and flooded area of the Nile Valley.

Temples and tombs have survived: Built on ground unaffected by the Nile flood Constructed of stone.

Due to lack of wood most Egyptian architecture was made with mud-brick and stone.

Most ancient Egyptian towns have been lost because they were situated in the cultivated and flooded area of the Nile Valley.

Temples and tombs have survived: Built on ground unaffected by the Nile flood Constructed of stone.

Temple of Ramesses IITemple of Ramesses II

Classical ArchitectureClassical Architecture Classical architecture is derived from

the architecture of ancient Greece and ancient Rome.

Romans built more kinds of structures than any earlier civilization.

In addition to houses, temples, and palaces, Romans constructed public baths, shops, theaters, and outdoor arenas.

Classical architecture is derived from the architecture of ancient Greece and ancient Rome.

Romans built more kinds of structures than any earlier civilization.

In addition to houses, temples, and palaces, Romans constructed public baths, shops, theaters, and outdoor arenas.

ColosseumColosseum

Pont du GardPont du Gard

St. Peter’sSt. Peter’s

Gothic ArchitectureGothic Architecture

Included pointed arches and stained-glass windows.

Pointed arch was introduced for both visual and structural reasons.

Gothic cathedrals could be highly decorated with statues and paintings.

Included pointed arches and stained-glass windows.

Pointed arch was introduced for both visual and structural reasons.

Gothic cathedrals could be highly decorated with statues and paintings.

During the Industrial Revolution Victorian builders had access to new materials and technologies.

Mass-production and mass-transit made ornamental parts affordable.

During the Industrial Revolution Victorian builders had access to new materials and technologies.

Mass-production and mass-transit made ornamental parts affordable.

Victorian ArchitectureVictorian Architecture

Victorian architects and builders applied many decorations to the buildings.

They used lots of brackets, spindles, scrollwork and other machine-made building parts.

Victorian architects and builders applied many decorations to the buildings.

They used lots of brackets, spindles, scrollwork and other machine-made building parts.

The Colonial house is expected to be symmetrical (balanced) with windows on either side of a central doorway.

The earliest buildings were constructed of wood and later out of brick.

There are usually three to five windows across the second floor.

The Colonial house is expected to be symmetrical (balanced) with windows on either side of a central doorway.

The earliest buildings were constructed of wood and later out of brick.

There are usually three to five windows across the second floor.

Colonial ArchitectureColonial Architecture

Modern ArchitectureModern Architecture Began to use simple form and the

elimination of ornamentation. Use materials such as iron, steel, concrete,

and glass. The most commonly used materials are glass

for the facade, steel for exterior support. Modern architecture seen in most

skyscrapers.

Began to use simple form and the elimination of ornamentation.

Use materials such as iron, steel, concrete, and glass.

The most commonly used materials are glass for the facade, steel for exterior support.

Modern architecture seen in most skyscrapers.