style register and dialect
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
STYLE , REGISTER AND DIALECT
Submitted to:Miss Atia Rehman
Submitted By :Sidra Shahid
![Page 2: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
LANGUAGE VARIETIES
![Page 3: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Language Varieties
• Language variety refers to the various forms of language triggered by social factors such as:-
• Social situation• Occupation• Age• Geography• Education• Gender• Social status• Ethnicity
![Page 4: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
• For example:
![Page 5: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Language Varieties Cover
• Standard language• Style• Dialects• Registers• Pidgins• Creoles
![Page 6: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Standard Language
• For social political reasons, a variety of language may be officially elevated as the national language, such a language variety is called standard language.
It is associated to• Prestige• Education • Public life
![Page 8: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Prestige: Prestigious speaker such as Imran khan
Education:Academic writing and learning
Public life:• Science , Political , Religion • Used by educated speaker
![Page 9: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Dialects• A variety of a language used recognizably in a
specific region or by a specific social class is called a dialect.
• The study of dialect is called dialectology.
Dialects are categorized into 4 types :• Regional• Temporal dialects• Sociolects• Idiolects
![Page 10: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Regional Dialects• Regional / geographical dialects includes
varieties of a language spoken in a geographical area.
Sindhi is one of the regional dialect of Pakistan
![Page 11: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Temporal dialects
• Varieties of a language used at particular stages in its historical development.
For example:• We identify Shakespeare's English as being
different from our English.
![Page 12: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Sociolects• Sociolects includes varieties of a language
used by people belonging to particular social classes.
For example:• Christian , Muslims and Jewish in Baghdad
speak different variety of Arabic
![Page 14: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• American English and British English:
![Page 15: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Idiolects:
Varieties of a language used by individual speakers, with peculiarities
of pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary.
![Page 16: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
For Example:• Tusī kivēṁ hō? • Ki haal ae tada?• TuhaaDey kiaa haal hin?• Key haal ne ?
![Page 17: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Registers• Registers are varieties of language used in different
situations, which are identified by the degrees of formality.
Formal register Informal register
![Page 18: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The register theory by HallidayIt consists of three points:-• Field of discourse: what is being discussedExample: Security of educational institute • Mode of discourse: oral or written Oral and written• Tenor of discourse: relation betweenParticipants Formal register used by CH Nisar (Interior
Minister ) in press conference.
![Page 19: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
S T Y L E
![Page 20: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Style• Language style is defined as the choice of
words used by a specific group of people when they speak.
• An example of language style is the words, jargon and abbreviations which are used by the doctor.
![Page 21: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Language styles• There are four main language styles
![Page 22: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Elements of Style in language
Voice
Word choice
Tone
![Page 23: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Voice• Tell us about the feelings and mood aboutthe subject.
![Page 24: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Word choice
• Words should be clear and concise.
• Word choice is the careful selection of wordsthat fit audience, topic and purpose. Wellchosen words may create colorful images andthey show meaning and attention of speaker.
![Page 25: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Example:-
![Page 26: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Tone
Tone tells what authors attitude toward thesubject is• Formal • Informal• Harsh • Polite
![Page 27: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
PidginPidgin: A mixed language with a small vocabulary anda simple grammar used by speakers of twolanguages to communicate. So it is also calledcontact language.
Two features of pidgin languages:1. A pidgin has no native speakers.2. It is a simplified language with reduced
vocabulary and grammar.
![Page 28: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Example: English Tok-Pisin
Please Plis•
![Page 29: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Creoles
• When a pidgin begins to acquire native speakers who use it as their primary language, the pidgin turns to be a Creole.
• The process by which a pidgin develops is called Pidginization; the process by which a pidgin becomes a Creole is called Creolization.
![Page 30: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Example• English of Blacks in the US.• The speaker may feel that they speaksomething less than normal.
![Page 31: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Any
Question
![Page 32: Style Register and Dialect](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022081506/55a82bf81a28ab56478b4867/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)