study guide test ancient egypt 2013.docx

7/27/2019 Study guide test Ancient egypt 2013.docx

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Ms. Tavtigian World History 8 Name_____________

Period ____________

HW: 70 points

Study Guide: Ancient Middle East and Egypt, Chapter 2

Define and Identify: (use your notes, HW and the textbook)

1. Fertile Crescent- a region of the middle East where the civilization first arose

2. Mesopotamia- an area between the Tigris & Euphrates river where the civilizationof Sumer arose

3. Sumer- where the worlds first civilization arose around 3300 B.C.

4. The Epic of Gil gamesh- a Mesopotamian nar rative poem that includes a story about afl ood that destroys the world

5. Hierarchy- a system of social ranking

6. Ziggurat- in ancient Mesopotamia a large stepped platform thought to have been toppedby a temple dedicated to a citys chief god or goddesses

7. Cuneiform- the earliest known form of writing; used a series of wedge-shaped marks onclay tablets

8. Sargon- ruler of Akkad, who conquered Sumer in about 2300 B.C. and built the firstempire


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9. Hammurabi- king of Babylon in about 1790 B.C.; codified the laws in empire

10.Hammurabis Code (what is unique and important about it?)-

11.Civil Law- the branch of the law that deals with private rights and matters such asbusiness contracts, property, inheritance, and taxes

12.Criminal Law- the branch of law that deals with offenses against others;, such as robberyassault, or murder

13.Nebuchadnezzaraggressive emperor of Babylon who rebuilt the city and its defenses

14.Barter economy- system where people exchange one set of goods or service for another

15.Money economy- system where people pay goods or services through the exchange ofsome token of agreed- upon value, such as a coin

16.Zoroaster- Persian religious thinker; taught of a single wise god, Ahura Mazda, whostruggled with evil and of a judgment day for each person

17.Colony- a territory settled and ruled by people from another land

18.Alphabet- a writing system in which each symbol represent a single basic sound

19.Darius (who was he and what did he do that was important economically?)

20.Cataract-a waterfall


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21.Delta- area of marsh land formed by silt deposited at the mouth of a river such as theNile; lower Egypt

22.Lower Egypt- one of the two main administrative districts of Egypt; consists of the Niledelta

23.Upper Egypt-one of the two main administtherative districts of Egypt; extends south fromCairo to Sudan

24.Dynasty- ruling family

25.Pharaoh- Egyptian king who held absolute power

26.Vizier- chief minister who supervised the business of government in ancient Egypt

27.Bureaucracy- system of government employing different departments and levels ofauthority

28.Hatshepsut- Egypt first female ruler

29.Thutmose III (what did he do militarily)- Hatshepsuts step-son; pharaoh who expandedEgypts empire to it largest extent

30.Ramses II (who was he and what did he write the first of)- best known pharaoh, whoruled for 66 years and expanded Egypt northward into Syria

31.Amon-Re-the great lord of Egyptian gods


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32.Osiris (what happened to him? What did he become in charge of?)- Egyptian god of thedead and judge of souls seeking admission to the afterlife

33.Isis- wife o Osiris, taught women to grind corn, spin flax, weave cloth and care forchildren

34.Akhenaton-Pharaoh Amenhotep IV; sought unsuccessfully to establish Aton as chief god

35.Mummification- the preservation of dead bodies by embalming and wrapping them incloth

36.Hieroglyphics- a writing system in which symbols or picture represent objects, concepts,or sounds

37.Papyrus- a plant used to make a paperlike writing material used by the Egyptian scribes

38. Decipher- figure out the meaning

39.Rosetta Stone-a stone that contained text in hieroglyphics, demotic script, and Greek,used by Jean Champollion to decipher hieroglyphics

40. The Book of the Dead- A collection of ancient Egyptian funerary texts from variousperiods, containing prayers, magic formulas, and hymns to be used by the soul of the

deceased for guidance and protection on its journey to the afterlife.

Section 5!

41.Monotheistic- believe in one God


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42.Torah- the most sacred text

43.Abraham- lived near Ur in Mesopotamia

44.Covenant- a promise and agreement

45. Moses- a Hebrew who helped god reunited the nation

46.David- strong and wise and second king of Israel

47.Solomon- Davids son, and followed his father to be a king,

48.Patriarchal- men held the greatest legal and normal moral authority

49.Sabbath- holy days for rest and duties for god (like prying)50.Prophet- Isaiah and Jeremiah, reminded to the Jewish people of the duties

51.Ethics-moral standards of behavior

52.Diaspora- the spread of Jewish people

Complete the following:

1. List the 7 Elements of Culture , giveo Social Organization


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o Customs & Traditionso Languageo Art & Literatureo Religiono Form of Governmentso Economic System

2. Apply each of the element of culture to Egypt (in other words, give an example of each forEgypt)

a. Pharaoh=kingb. Clothes=made out of linen to keep cool during heatc. Hieroglyphicsd. Painting in tombse. Many godsf. Different levels of governmentg. Coins

3. What role did water sources play in the development of civilization? Give examples for bothMesopotamia and Egypt

The water played in Ancient Mesopotamia by thats means between Tigris and Euphrates, and

Egypt is for the Nile River. Both civilizations used the river for water (drinking), bathing, transportation,

planting crops, and when theres a flood then theres always left over water for the nation to use.

4. When was the first time Egyptians saw chariots? Under what circumstances?The first time Egyptians saw the chariots was in the middle kingdom. The circumstances would

be between the Hyksos invaded the Egyptians.

5. List the various kingdoms of Egypt below and write the main accomplishments of each underthem:

The Old Kingdom

The Middle Kingdom The New Kingdom


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6. What were the main accomplishments of Sumer? Which have lasted or contributed to latercivilizations?

The main accomplishments were inventing writing. This lasted until now.

7. Compare the ways in which Sumer and Egypt viewed the afterlife. How do we know theybelieved in an afterlife (give historical evidence!)

Sumer believed the Dead who goes into afterlife that goes in the underworld. Egyptians believed each

soul had to pass at the time to eternal life.

8. What was important to the Jews about Canaan? What relevance does that hold for all of ustoday? (hint: what is the modern name of the country where Canaan is located?)

Canaan is important because it the Jewish people home country, free country. The modern name is

Israel. Its located on the astern edge of the Mediterranean Sea.

9. What role did geography play in the development of Mesopotamia?

The role in geography that played for Mesopotamia was fishing, bathing, getting water to drink, and

transpiration. The first region was Sumer that was taking place in Southern Mesopotamia. The

negative part was the floods.

10.What role did geography play in the development of Egypt?The role in geography that played in for Egypt was farming, bathing, fishing, and drinking water. Its

located between two rivres.

study guide test ancient egypt 2013.docx

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