study 1: intro and hebrews 1:1-2:1

Hebrews: Leader’s Guide

1 Material is the property of Rev. Mitch White and Lake Forest Church

Study 1: Intro and Hebrews 1:1-2:1 First century Christians were in danger of giving up due to the drastic amounts of persecution. Jewish Christians especially had it hard as they were breaking free from Jewish legalities into the fullness of the gospel. How do you encourage people in hard times to hold strong? This is the context of the letter to the Hebrews. This guide is for you as a leader. Share as much of it with the group as you find helpful. There are activities you can do with your group to help them understand the passage more fully while getting to know one another. Also, there are questions for you to ask your group and to guide them in their understanding of this letter. After most questions are my own musings and answers. Use as you find helpful. Along with this guide is a copy of the same questions you can give to your group members. They do not include my own musings. For those in your group that like to prepare before hand or take notes while you discuss, these will be very beneficial. Lastly, this study has been written for reading the Scriptures in the New American Standard Version.

Context In any Bible study, the most important element is to keep the context in front of the group at all times. It’s easy to look at the passages through our own context and that will change the meaning of the passage all together. Also, a rule of thumb I always keep in front of groups is: “Turn to what you DO know to answer what you DON’T know.” So, let’s get to know the context of this letter. At the top, I’ve given you the circumstances. As in any hard situation, it’s easy to begin to turn to other things, anything to make life easier. For many Christians, they began to add onto “Jesus” to make sense of their hardship. Jesus plus angels, Jesus plus Moses, Jesus plus anything=religion. When you add things to Jesus you get man’s effort to get to God; better known as “religion”. But the author or Hebrews makes it clear that the “word spoken” is God’s word alone acting through Christ alone. He warns his reader to “pay much closer attention” and not to add other things, even in hardship.

Author/Date/Audience It is unknown who the author of Hebrews is. The most popular belief is Paul but there is much debate and uncertainty on this. Other thoughts of authorship range from Barnabas or Luke to Clement of Rome or Apollos. Basically, no where in the letter is the authors name given. Neither is clear data telling us the year in which it was written. General thought is that it was written in the second half of the first century but it is unclear as to if it happened before or after the destruction of the Jerusalem temple. What is clear is that it was written in a time of great persecution. While it’s not agreed upon that the letter was written to a Jewish Christian audience, that is the most popular belief. Interestingly, in the midst of so much mystery about authorship, date and audience, the author turns to what we know for sure—God’s word and God’s work!

Outline The letter to the Hebrews can be broken down in simplicity by the following outline: Chapters 1-5: Jesus is greater than all others Chapter 6-9: Jesus is the fulfillment of everything in the OT

Chapter 10-13: Faith that is stronger and real

Activity: Take out a piece of paper and write out everything you know about Jesus. Write anything that comes to mind.

No particular order-just write.

Share as a group some of the things you wrote on your paper. Have someone in the group keep a “group list” of things spoken.

After sharing some of your thoughts, go through and see how many of the things you shared as a group you

can quickly give biblical reference to. Don’t look at your Bibles; just see if you can give biblical proof.



When you hit hard times, hard questions, or have hard relationships, you want to turn to the things that you know are true. Turning to the things you know are true about God and Jesus are most comforting. Yet it’s very easy to lose sight of those things. You can even begin to question if some of the things you “thought” were true really are true. This is the situation in which we find this letter being written. The core of the Christian faith is to live in responsive obedience to the Word of God and the Work of God. Jesus is the revelation of all that God has done, is doing, and will do! We must not add any of man’s work to this. We must know what is true of Jesus. The letter to the Hebrews helps us in this. Keep your list with your study throughout the length of the study. Throughout the study of Hebrews, you will find Biblical references for many of the things that you have listed. Put the verse reference beside your notes when you find one.

Read Hebrews 1:1-14 One of the greatest questions when you are in a difficult situation is, “Is God there? If so, why won’t he tell me

what to do?” We wonder why God doesn’t speak. What is clear in verse 1 and 2? God has spoken many times and in many ways. He spoke long ago to the prophets, many ways, many

amounts, and now speaks through Jesus.

The author tells us that God spoke many times, in many portions, in many ways in the days before Jesus. Why doesn’t God speak as much today—or does He?

He has spoken in the greatest way that continues to speak-Jesus. God is speaking through Jesus.

This section is filled with information about Jesus. What are all the things we learn about Jesus in this section?

Give verse references. God’s Son (2); heir of all things (2); world made through him (2, 10) Radiance of God’s glory (3); exact representation of God’s nature (3) Upholds all things by the word of his power (3); made purification of sins (3); sits at right hand of God (3, 13) Better than angels (4); begotten (5); angels worship him (6) God (8); Kingdom is forever (8, 11) Anointed above all (9); Lord (10)

Let’s unpack some of these things. What does it mean that the world was made through Jesus? (vs 2, 10)

God, through the power of Christ made all things and made everything for him. Since the beginning of creation there was Jesus. He didn’t just come on the scene in the New Testament. He holds everything together. He has always been plan A. John 1:1-18

We know from these verses that Jesus was before the creation of the universe. But it sounds like Jesus has not

always been around. The author uses words like “appointed”; “begotten”; “today”. Was Jesus created by God? Leader: this can get dangerous if people want to push their beliefs. Reason for asking this question is to

acknowledge that this language is used. Don’t allow the members of the group to “convert” one another to their understanding. Just have them begin good conversation. Main thing to get here is that Jesus was NOT created-he was begotten. To “beget” something is to cause it to exist. God created man out of nothing. God created the universe out of nothing through Jesus. BUT, God beget Jesus-he was not created out of nothing. God caused Him to exist. Here is the kicker. When God creates, he does not create “divinity”. Divinity cannot be created. It goes against the definition of divinity. But, divinity can beget divinity. That is why the Bible says that Jesus is not created, but begotten-he is divine-he is God-he is caused to exist out of God. In Latin, the language is “ex-patre” which means he is “out of the Father” (begotten) instead of “ex-nihilo” which is “out of nothing” (created).

Why is this important? What difference does it make?



It makes a huge difference because if Jesus was created, then God himself did not save us. He sent someone, another creature, to save us. But God himself died on that cross! This is a huge debate that has affect on your belief about creation and the trinity.

Many people will ask what the big deal is about Jesus. Why do Christians find it so important to talk about

Jesus? How would these verses answer that question? He is the exact representation of God. To know God, you get to know Jesus. He was given that we might

know God. Everything created through him, for him, and he holds everything together.

The author makes a big deal about proclaiming that Jesus is better than angels in this chapter. Notice how many

times the word “angels” is mentioned just in the first chapter. What do you think might have been going for him to make such a big deal of this?

A strong belief in angels and their protecting us in hard times. They are ministering spirits, sent to serve followers of Christ and they began to trust them more than Jesus himself.

Also, a strong belief that it was the angels that brought us the Law ushered it in and administer the consequences to breaking it.

Angels are mentioned 6 times in the first chapter.

In 2:1, the author transitions by saying, “For this reason”. What is the reason he is referring and what does he tell his reader to do?

The reason is “Jesus is greater than angels” so if we paid attention to angels, we better more so pay attention to Jesus.

In our busy culture, it’s very hard to “pay attention” to Jesus. The best way to pay attention to Jesus is by paying

attention to the word of God. This week, take 10 minutes each morning to simply read this first chapter. As the day goes on, make notes on ways you recognize Jesus, who He is, what He has done, and other things people rely on besides Him.

Leader, this assignment is simply to keep the Scriptures and Jesus in front of the group for the rest of the week.



Study 2: Hebrews 2:2-13 We ended last week with the call to “pay more careful attention”. You were given the assignment to spend 10 minutes each day in last week’s passage. Were their any new insights into this passage after paying more attention?

Activity Our world is “not as it’s supposed to be.” That is something everyone can agree upon. In the movie, “Grand Canyon”, an attorney rushes out of a traffic jam by taking an alternate route. In his very nice car, his route takes him down a very unpleasant area. As you would have it, the car breaks down in an area in which young teenagers are looking for adventure. The attorney calls for a tow truck and while waiting, five street lords surround him and threaten him. Just then, the tow truck driver arrives, slowly goes about doing his job, and the leader of the street group protest because he is interrupting their “income”. The tow truck driver pulls him aside and says, “Man, the world ain’t supposed to work like this. Maybe you don’t know that, but this ain’t the way it’s supposed to be. I’m supposed to be able to do my job without askin’ you if I can. And that dude is supposed to be able to wait with his car without you rippin’ him off. Everything’s supposed to be different than what it is here.” What a great theological sermon! To begin tonight, list the ways you can think of that you, us, our culture, or our world is not the way it’s supposed to be.

Leader: this is just a time to get the group thinking of all the things that are “wrong” with our world. It will help them to engage in the study later. But more importantly, note what each person shares as it will tell you what is most important to them. A great way to learn more about your group.

Also, a great book recommendation for you as a leader and the group is “Not the Way it’s supposed to Be: A Breviary of Sin” by Cornelius Plantinga, Jr.

Read Hebrews 2:1-5 We learn a lot in this verse. Again, why does the author tell the reader to “pay more careful attention”?

So that they do not drift away

So, what does this mean is possible for the person that is following Christ? It is possible to drift away from the good news of Jesus-the message. Leader, this does NOT mean that

the passage is saying a person can lose their salvation. But it is saying it is possible for a person to “drift away” from these truths and roam around pointless.

The Greek word used here is used elsewhere in the NT and paints a picture of a “boat drifting aimlessly and missing it’s landing point”. It is also used in the context of a ring that slips off a finger and water that leaks out of a faulty jar. Point is that Christians can “drift away” from this good news message! Part of what is going on here.

Verse 1 tells us one reason to pay attention. Verse 2-3 go on to stress the importance in another way. What is

the point the author is making in these verses? If those that broke the law did not escape punishment, those that neglect the good news of Jesus can’t

even more so expect to escape.

How did the “message of salvation” come on the scene? How is it different from the previous message? First spoken (through Jesus); then confirmed (by men); then testified to (by God) The previous was brought in by angels; a message of law showing bondage.

Read Hebrews 2:6-8

At the beginning, we listed a lot of ways we recognize that the world is “not the ways it’s supposed to be.” In these verses, we see some of the ways that it is “not the way it’s supposed to be”. What are some of those ways?

Man wonders is God cares about them; wonders what man is even worth to God Man is lower than the angels. Glory, honor and all things subjected to man are not seen.



Here, we also get insight into some of the ways that the world “should” be. What are those ways? Man is remembered by God and he has great concern for man (this is still true). Man is greater than the angels; crowned with glory and honor; appointed over God’s creation; all things

subject to him. These things are seen.

Looking back at the list you made at the beginning of this study, if the world was “as it is supposed to be” how

would those things be different?

Read Hebrews 2:9-13 The author has given us the word “but”. That means something opposite of what we just read is coming. The

good news of Jesus! What are all the ways the author tells us Jesus was made like man? Made little lower than the angels as well (for a little while as well) Suffered death like man; crowned with glory and honor as well All from one Father! (one begotten-Jesus; the others created)

What made all of this possible?

The grace of God (vs 9)

Psalm 8 says, “What is man that you remember him? Or the son of man that you are concerned about him?” It should also say, “Why are you not ashamed of him?” Why is Christ not ashamed to call us “brethren”?

Because of who our Father is. Not based on what we do or even who we are but on who our Father is! That is a HUGE part of the good news!

Many times we believe our brothers and/or sisters give us good reason to be “ashamed” of them. For some in

this group, you might even wonder why God cares about you or why the group wouldn’t be ashamed of you. Many stay out of the church because they believe everyone should be ashamed of them and are ashamed of themselves. How does this passage encourage us to love those that have “fallen” and/or encourage those who have “fallen”?

Leader: this is a place to get your group to apply what they are reading and not just keep it at distance. Give good time to talk here.

Jesus is not ashamed to call us his siblings. He doesn’t base it off of our actions; he bases it off of who our Father is. We are called to love others not based on their actions but who their Father is. This doesn’t mean we just look away from behavior that is unpleasing to our Father but love a person by reminding them who their Father is!

Last weeks assignment was to pay attention by spending 10 minutes each day in last week’s passage. I want to

encourage you to do that again this week but looking at this weeks passage. At the same time, at least 2 days of this week, spend a few minutes “confessing” to God the things in your life that are ‘not the way they are supposed to be”. Be honest with yourself. Confession is a powerful reminder that we need the good news of Jesus. It’s a great way to pay more careful attention to the salvation message. After confessing, read Psalm 32 one day and Psalm 51 the other.



Study 3: Hebrews 2:14-3:19 Week 1 Summary: Jesus is greater than the Angels Week 2 Summary: Things are not the way they are supposed to be but Jesus is making them right

Activity Being a dad has been a lot of fun. One thing that has been surprisingly fun is how my children help me to remember my own childhood. They bring back lots of memories that I forgot as I’ve walked with them through their childhood. This helps me to relate to what they are going through and to encourage them in those things. I’m able to remember what I was thinking at that age and this helps me to identify with them.

What are things your own children or others children have brought back to mind about your childhood and can you think of a situation in which that helped you in the way you encouraged them?

Leader: this is a great time to get to know your group better and hear fun stories. It also helps the group to identify with the beauty that Christ became like us and can identify with what we go through.

What are things (skills, knowledge, etc…) that you have learned from having someone that has gone before you walk you through? Things in your job, marriage, parenting, faith?

Leader: again, this is a chance to get to know the group more and to hear how critical it is to have those that can identify with us walk with us.

Read Hebrews 2:14-18 How does the author tell us Jesus became like “the children”?

Flesh and blood (vs 14) Death (vs 14) in every way (vs 17) Suffering (vs 18) Tempted (vs 18)

What are all the reasons given as to why Jesus became like “the children”?

To free those in slavery to the fear of death (vs14) To render the devil powerless (vs 14) To become a merciful and faithful high priest (vs 17) To provide propitiation (satisfaction) of sin (vs 17) To be able to help those that are tempted (vs 18)

What is the relationship between Jesus and “the children” shown here?

They are called his brethren. Siblings that he is not ashamed of (see last weeks notes)

What difference does it make to you that you are called “brethren” and that Jesus was made like you in every way?

Leader: this is a time for the group to share personally how this is a huge deal. Encourage them to be honest and specific.

Why didn’t God just do away with sin? Why did Jesus have to become like man: tempted, suffer, die?

The requirement of the law was death. (Romans 6:23) If God had just done away with sin, then he would not be just. By his own law, by his own doing, sin has to be paid the penalty of death. No getting around this.

God was merciful in providing a sacrifice to meet the demands of the law in Him. A sacrifice is an unblemished figure, no cause for death within them, yet takes the place of the one that deserves death.

God could have just sent Jesus, unblemished, without suffering but this would not enable Jesus to be the high priest that understands his people, goes before God on their behalf.

Jehovah’s Witnesses focus on the humanity of Jesus and ignore His divinity. Christian Scientist do the opposite

and stress the divinity of Jesus and deny His humanity. What is the danger in both?



To ignore the divinity of Jesus means that just one of God’s created beings died on the cross and not God himself.

To ignore the humanity of Jesus means that God can’t identify with the temptations of man and Jesus is not a good High Priest. If he was just an angel, then God was concerned about the angels but instead he is concerned about man. This allowed him to be a substitute sacrifice-a lamb without blemish. See 1 Tim 2:5-6

Read 3:1-6 Again the author uses the word “therefore” meaning what he is about to say is tied to what he just finished saying.

What other language does he use in vs 1 to tie it back to what he just said? Hint: What does he call his readers? Holy Brethren- Jesus is our brother, like us in every way Partakers of a heavenly calling- we are in this with Jesus

In the first chapter we saw that Jesus was greater than the angels. Here we see that he is greater than Moses.

Why is this important to the reader and in what ways is he greater than Moses? These are Jewish Christians that are reading this and Moses was the primary leader for them. They knew

that Moses was faithful and the one that led the people of Israel out of slavery. We see here that Jesus is even greater and leads all of mankind out of slavery.

He was like Moses in faithfulness to his house. Moses was a servant in the house but Jesus is the son of the owner of the house. We are the house of Christ.

The last part of verse 6 is a call to the reader to “hold fast and firm” until the end. What has the author just said

stood out about Moses and Jesus and how does that enforce our call in this? Moses and Jesus were applauded for remaining faithful to the house. We too are called to remain faithful to

this message. Part of faith is holding firm. We do have a part in this and this is to constantly cling to what Christ has done.

Like Moses, he clung to what God said he would do. Like Jesus, he clung to his father and what his father was doing. So too, we must cling to the word of God and remain faithful to what he is doing and that means we are his house.

Leader: a lot of times verses like this can move discussion to “can we lose our salvation”. It’s a great question but we too easily make this about us “losing” something as opposed to “remaining faithful to something”. So, I’d encourage you to counter any discussion about “losing salvation” in this way. The verse says nothing about us “losing our salvation”. It only speaks to what will happen “if we stand firm and remain faithful.” So, gear discussion toward, what happens if we hold firm and not about what happens if we don’t. The next section hits on what happens when we don’t hold firm. And for note, this passage gives no support for losing our salvation.

Read 3:7-19

Once again we see therefore. But this section hits on the reverse side-what happens if we don’t remain faithful to what Christ has done. What are things the author tells us will happen?

We provoke God; God’s anger is raised against us; we don’t know God’s ways; we do not enter his rest; we fall away from the living God; our hearts are hardened by sins deceitfulness; our unbelief does not allow us to enter rest.

Looking at the questions in verse 16-18, there is a progression that tells the story. What is the story being told

and what is true about the people in the beginning and in the end? Where was God the entire time? The story is of the Israelites being freed from slavery of Egypt by God. They are led out of slavery and to the

promise land. Yet they never enter the promise land because they never believed God and did not remain faithful to Him.

Throughout the exodus, they never hold to him and so they never enter rest. Though rest is sitting right there for them, they lived in unbelief, not faith. Therefore, their unbelief kept them out of rest as opposed to their faith leading them to rest. Yet they were still God’s people and he never left them.



There is clear warning in this section to the reader. When reading Scripture, you need to notice when something

is mentioned over and over. What is the warning and what is key to them holding on to it? To hold fast to our hope; to hold fast to the beginning of our assurance; to pay attention to Christ! Key to this is to “encourage one another day after day” (vs 13)

In this section, the author uses Psalm 95 which references Exodus 17:1-7 and Numbers 20. It’s the story of the

Israelites being led out of slavery. Over and over they consider going back into the slavery of the Egyptians and think of it as better. For each of us, God has made a way for us to come out of the slavery that the devil has us under. Daily we have to remain faithful to what he has done. What are ways that you are tempted to enter back into the things that God has freed you from?

Leader: depending on how close the group is will determine how deep your group will share this. I’d encourage you to take a risk and share in some ways that you hope the rest of the group would learn to share. Share what is appropriate and allow the group to share where they are comfortable. But this question can stretch the group if you let it.

The key to clinging daily to Christ is having others around you that can encourage you. Who are people that you

have or want around you to do this? What steps will you take this week to make sure that is in place? What can the group do to better encourage one another daily? Be specific and put these steps into action.



Study 4: Hebrews 4:1-13 Review: Hebrews 1: Jesus is greater than the angels

Hebrews 2: Things are not the way they are supposed to be but Jesus is making them right Hebrews 3: Hold firm and remain faithful as Jesus was faithful as a Son

The next section is intimately tied to the example of the Israelites not moving into the land of Canaan. Twelve spies were sent into the Promised Land and 10 came back saying they should not take the land and 2 said that they should because God has given them this land. Read out loud the following passages to get the picture:

Numbers 13:1-2, 17-20, 26-33. Numbers 14:1-10; 20-25.

Activity:

Imagine you are one of the Israelites. Have one person in the group represent each of the following: 1) One of the spies that says “don’t go in” 2) Caleb 3) Moses 4) One of the people in the community having heard the report

Have each person answer the following questions according to the person they represent:

According to verses 13:1-2, 17-20 what am I looking to hear and see? According to verses 13:26-33, what am I seeing and hearing? What thoughts are going through my head? What are you feeling after the events of 14:1-10?

Leader: point out to your group that a good way to read Scripture is to read it and see it from different

characters angles. Don’t always approach Scripture just from the way you would see and hear. Allow the rest of the group to respond as well to any of the characters after the person assigned responds. If your group is big enough, assign a couple or a few people to each person.

Read Hebrews 4:1-5

In Hebrews 2:15, we see that the devil held people in slavery through fear of death. What does the author tell us here is the only thing we should fear? How does this tie into what we just saw last week in chapter 13?

The fear of coming up short of the promise. We should fear if we let go of the promise that salvation is taken care of and instead trust in our own works.

What was the good news preached to the Israelites and what is the good news preached to us? What is the

“same” about each of them? The good news preached to the Israelites is that God has prepared a place for them and a land that is theirs.

They just have to enter into it. The good news preached to us is that God has prepared a place for us, a kingdom that is ours. We just have

to enter into it. No work for us to do except believe this is true and enter. God is the one that has done the work, both

require us believing a promise from God and trusting him to enter.

Verse 3, the author tells us, “As true as it is that the Israelites would not enter rest, it is equally true that those who believe God will enter rest.” What do we learn about God’s rest and God’s work in these verses?

Those who believe enter God’s rest; God rested on day 7 from all His work; There is entry into the rest of God; his work has been finished but his rest is still happening Some will not enter God’s rest

Read Hebrews 4:6-10

What do we learn about God’s rest in these verses? It still remains. It was not the land of Canaan- if it were, then Joshua would have given them rest. If it were Canaan, then David would not have spoken of it as a future thing.



When we enter the rest of God we also rest from our own work.

If Canaan was not the “rest” of God, then what was the point of Canaan? What truly was the “rest” of God when God was calling the Israelites to enter Canaan?

The rest was if they trusted God or not. Canaan was simply the thing he called them to in order to see if they truly trusted him. Over and over they showed that they did not trust God or believe him. This was the final straw.

They didn’t enter Canaan or the rest of a God that said he would protect them. Instead they remained in the fear of death. That is why they didn’t choose Canaan-they feared death instead of fearing falling short of God’s promises.

We learn that those that enter into the rest of God cease from their own work. What ways has man worked its

way to God? What are the works of man? What were the works of the Israelites? Religion is the work of man. These are our attempts to get to God when God has already moved toward us. The Israelites work was the law—hopes of moving toward God. Author tells us that work ceases when we enter the rest of God—Jesus.

My 12 year old daughter sat with me in our upstairs room one night just hanging out. I had just made her a great

snack that she needed to go down to our kitchen to eat. Yet she was very comfortable where she was. At the same time, she really, really wanted that snack. So, I sat watching the tension, the frustration, the tears, the begging for me to please go get her snack and let her eat it there with us. A meltdown! Ever heard of a 12 year old girl having a meltdown? So, there on our kitchen counter sat an amazing snack that she wanted with a simple command that she had to go down and get it.

There is a Sabbath still available for those that believe God’s promise of Jesus. What does the author say is the only thing required? Why, like my daughter getting her snack, is this so hard for many people? The Israelites?

To enter it. We find comfort in our own things. We don’t want to do the simple but difficult act of entering. Though

it’s simple, it truly is hard for many to trust the great things that God has prepared for us and to take them.

Read Hebrews 4:11-13

What is the task of the believer when it comes to the rest of God? How does this give definition to 4:1 and how is this similar to the Israelites and Canaan?

Our task is simply to enter the rest. To believe the promise of God. The true test

How is entering the rest of God different from working our way to God?

Working our way to God means that it is our work that makes things right with us and God—religion. Entering the “rest” of God says we take on God’s work and trust his promise that he has made things right.

What do these verses tell us about God’s word? Do these words bring you comfort or fear? Why?

We learn that it is living and active; sharper than a two-edged sword; pierces as far as soul and spirit; joints and marrow; cuts deep to the core of our being; judges thoughts and intentions; nothing can hide from it; all things laid bare.

It can bring fear and therefore a sense of having to “work” to keep ourselves cleaned up. But it should, for the believer, bring comfort knowing that God’s word goes deep to clean us—his rest says that his word doesn’t just cover the surface but all the way to our deepest depths. It leaves nothing outside of his rest.

What ways do you find yourself still working? What ways do you long to still be at “rest” in the work that God has

done? Another way to ask this is, “What things still cause fear, anxiousness, worry, stress?” Ask God to allow his word to dig deep into your fears, anxiousness, worry, stress and speak “rest”.

Leader: just a chance for the group to share honestly and apply what they’ve learned.



One way to be “diligent” (vs 11) is to simply speak a truth of God over and over all week long and ask him to let

you know this as truth. This week, instead of reading the entire chapter each morning, simply read Hebrews 4:10 five times each morning. As the day goes on, when this verse comes back to mind, note the things that God shows you that you are still ‘working” at instead of resting in His promises.

Leader: next week ask folks if they would share some of the things they may have recognized and how they saw reading one verse, over and over, each morning, changed their walk with Christ.



Study 5: Hebrews 4:14-5:10 Review: Hebrews 1: Jesus is greater than the angels

Hebrews 2: Things are not the way they are supposed to be but Jesus is making them right Hebrews 3: Hold firm and remain faithful as Jesus was faithful as a Son Hebrews 4: Enter his rest and cease from your works. He is a High priest that understands.

Eugene Peterson’s (Author of “The Message” and numerous books) writings have mentored me for years. I’ve read and sat in most of his books. I’ve always wanted to meet him and in July of 2009, the opportunity arose. There he was, 100 yards in front of me, just finished the opening talk at the conference and there was nothing between us to keep me from introducing myself. My palms were sweaty and my mind doubted, “I can’t just go up and say hello. This is Eugene Peterson! This dude wrote the Bible! (or a translation of it at least).” I had to find another opening statement. Something that would give me an “in”. What would instantly give us something to connect on other than the romantic, “Hey, I’m Mitch and I’ve dreamed of this moment all my life.” Then my mind remembered Tom. Tom Moore had taken two classes under Eugene in seminary and I worked with Tom for a few years. I know I hadn’t seen Tom in years, but that didn’t matter-he was our connecting point. So, I went up to Eugene, “Hi, I’m Mitch, (I’ve dreamed of this moment all my life). I’m good friends with Tom Moore and I wanted to introduce myself.” “Great, how is Tom?” Mr. Peterson asked. Wow! He was brilliant! He saw right through my disguise-he knew I had not seen Tom in a few years. I guess when you write the Bible you can see every thought of every man. But I didn’t want to talk about Tom, so I quickly responded, “I think he’s good.” And I did think that he was good, so not really a lie. “It’s great to meet you Mr. Peterson. I’ve sat under your writings for years and want to thank you for the influence they’ve had in my life.” And then we talked for hours… (ok, only 5 minutes but it was hours to me.) As I walked away, I thanked God for Tom-our connecting point. And I wondered also how Tom really was doing…

Activity As a group, talk about times you have met famous people, how you felt, what connected you.

Leader: this can be a fun story time and time to get to know fun stories about people in your group. Point of it is to help us think about what connects us to those we get nervous around.


Another “therefore” starts this section. What has the author said just before this that ties into this section? That the word of God sees everything and lays everything open and bare before God-the one we will have to

face. It could leave us nervous to face God.

What do we learn in this section about our “high priest” Jesus? He is great and passed through the heavens He sympathizes with our weaknesses He was tempted in all things yet without Sin

Like Tom in the story above, he gave me a connecting point with Eugene. What does our High Priest give to us

as we approach God? Confidence to come before the throne of grace. An open door to receive mercy and grace.

What is your understanding of mercy? Grace? Why do we need each?

Mercy is “not receiving what we deserve”. We deserve death because of our sin but God does not give it to us out of his mercy.

Grace is “receiving what we do not deserve”. We don’t deserve life in Jesus but God gives it to us out of his grace.

Knowing that all things are laid open before God, if we chose to not approach His throne with confidence, what

are other things we could choose?



To try and fix our relationship ourselves and prove to Him we can do it. To avoid Him and have no relationship with God To be angry and live in shame even questioning why God would allow this if he was so loving. To hide in shame Pride and arrogance

Read Hebrews 5:1-4

What are the requirements of being a High Priest? Appointed on behalf of men (not angels or anyone else) on matters pertaining to God Called and appointed by God Sympathetic to matters of man Aware of own weaknesses Obligated to offer sacrifices

Why is a High Priest no longer needed on earth? Why do we still have priest and pastors then?

Because Christ is the final High Priest-the one that offers the ultimate sacrifice. Priest and pastors are to point us to our High Priest-to teach the ways of God, shepherd, etc… but no longer

play the role as the one that goes to God on behalf of man. Points them to Jesus the one that intercedes for man. Ephesians 4:11 speaks to the role as well as “preparing God’s people for works of service”.

How was a High Priest like my friend Tom?

He knew God and was the connecting point between God and Man.

Read Hebrews 5:5-10 How does Christ meet the requirements of a High Priest?

On behalf of men is the source of salvation: vs 9; Called and appointed by God: vs 6, 10 Sympathetic: 4:15 Aware of own weaknesses: vs 8 (yet without sin) Obligated to offer sacrifices: vs 7

What does it mean that Christ was made perfect?

Perfect here doesn’t mean that he was “unperfect” in that he was broken, or sinful. It means that once he suffered, died, finished the race, he was “fully qualified”; met all requirement; perfect

for the job.

Here we see that Jesus is the source of eternal salvation. In John 14:6, Jesus says, “I am the way, and the truth, and the life; no one comes to the Father but through me.” How does vs 9 put this passage in perspective?

Jesus is the source, the connector to the Father, to Salvation. No one, not Abraham, not Moses, not us; comes to the Father outside of Him. He is the source of salvation!

Over and over we have seen the author of Hebrews make the call to “stand firm”, “hold fast”, “be diligent”, words

of persevering. He makes them with the language of “if we” do these things we will enter his rest or not fall short. How does this picture of Jesus’ being faithful give new insight into the authors call to “hold fast”?

It is not something we are doing to “earn” God’s love. It’s not about our works. BUT, it is that we will be “complete”, “perfect”, as we persevere. We have to daily, until we die, hold firm to the work that God has done. If we don’t we come up short. Not our works, but our persevering in holding onto the work of Christ.

Thinking about your own life and situations, what does it mean for you to “hold fast”?

Attached to these questions is one way the leadership at Lake Forest is being intentional about holding fast. It’s

our leadership Trellis. This week, spend time looking at each area and ask yourself how you are doing. Remember, holding fast is not “works” for salvation; its “standing firm” on the work that Christ has done.



LFC Leadership Rule of Life (Trellis) August 2009 Why have an LFC Leadership Rule of Life? God calls us all to become like Jesus. Jesus says, “I have come that they may have life, and have it abundantly.”* We experience this abundance of life – here and now – as our passions, character, understanding, and relationships are increasingly aligned with those of Christ. This lifelong transformation within and among us is the continual gift of God’s Spirit. We are called to be renewed into the likeness of Jesus – but we do not always fully embrace this calling. Sometimes we seem content to be known as “Christians” without intentionally engaging with this work of the Holy Spirit in our lives. Other times we desperately long for a new way of life, wanting to grow in our walk with Jesus, but needing help and encouragement. We, therefore, commit to pursue passionately and to receive joyfully God’s grace to be more fully transformed into the image of Jesus Christ.

Renewal into the image of Christ is not a human attainment; it is a gift of grace. God mercifully uses all our experiences, including our suffering and trials, to teach and transform us. Even so, transformation requires our involvement and effort. We need to make ourselves available to the Holy Spirit’s work in all our life experiences, particularly through intentional engagement with historical Christian disciplines, including Word and sacrament. These practices open us to the presence and grace of God. As a result, we become, through time and experience, the kind of persons who naturally express love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control.

Taken from “A Call to Spiritual Formation”, Renovare

In the New Testament, two Greek words are translated “rule” in the English: “kanon”, which means ‘a standard, a straight rod’; and “arche” which means ‘a beginning’. Though these two words are translated “rule” in the English, the combination of the two meanings gives us the Greek word for “trellis”, which is actually where we get the English word “rule”. A trellis is a tool that enables a grapevine to get off the ground (begin) and grow upward, becoming more fruitful and productive. In the same way, a rule of life is a trellis that helps us abide in Christ and become more fruitful spiritually, keeping God at the center of everything we do. As we begin a new decade together, we consider this year a turning point in our life together as we move our leadership to a “rule: that has the power to serve as a “trellis” for all of us. We are aware the word rule has negative connotations for many people; implying legalism, restrictions, and severity. But in actuality, a rule of life is a framework for freedom, not a set of restrictions that deny life. It provides perspective and clarity regarding the way of life to which God has called us. The purpose of our rule is to define a common rhythm for our spiritual growth. That growth is for the purpose of keeping us faithful to our uniqueness as a church community and to unite around it. It says this is ‘who we are, this is our story’ and reminds us of those things God has put on our heart:

Our Mission: To make more and better disciples of Jesus Christ. Our Unique Vision: Serving people who’ve given up on church, but haven’t given up on God.

This rule expresses the roots and calling of our particular local church and calls us to be in the Father’s hand to vigorously accomplish the purpose of Lake Forest Church together. At the same time, it is meant to keep us moving upward into all that God has called us to be. As a leadership, it is a call to all of those at Lake Forest that this is who God has made us and this is who he is calling us to be. A good rule should challenge us and not be so easy that we are not stretched. At the same time, it can’t be so demanding that it overwhelms us. Otherwise, it produces discouragement and defeats its purpose. Our hope is that this rule will provide boundaries while leaving plenty of room for flexibility and individuality. Your Pastors in the Journey, Mike and Mitch



LFC Leadership Specific “Trellis” The following “Rule of Life” is our ‘trellis”. We will cling to it as one way to keep God at the center of everything we do — to love our God with all our heart, soul, mind and strength and our neighbors as ourselves. This “trellis” provides grips for the kind of leadership we aim to embody, as well as a foundation for the relational culture we want to build and function within. In simplicity: “We long to Know Jesus and worship Him, Grow in our love for Him, Show His grace to one another and Go to our community and to the world to tell them about their Savior.” To Know Jesus and Worship Him Scripture — Our lives are built on the Word of God. It is our food and primary means of revelation from him. We commit to spend time each day in Scripture, seeking God’s face, dwelling in his presence and praying out of his Word. Stillness—expressed in Silence, Solitude and Sabbath — Along with building silence and solitude into our daily routines, we will also attempt to grow in our Sabbath by practicing an extended period of time regularly during the year. Prayer — We will pause to be and speak with and hear God two to three times a day to remember Him, spending time in communion with Him, preferably with Scripture, silence, meditation and prayer. Community—We will commit to being in relationship with others that are committed to spurring us on in our walks with Christ. As we lead others, we will have others that will lead us. These relationships will be a community group, a men’s or women’s group, mentor, counselor or mature friend depending on each person’s unique needs and season in Christ. We are also committed to faithfully gathering weekly with the rest of the body of LFC in communal worship of our God. To Grow in our Love for Jesus Heart: Confession—Ephesians 4 tells us not only to put on the new self but also to put off the old self. This includes practicing the discipline of confession. Regularly, we will confess the areas of our lives in which God’s grace has yet to penetrate and remove that are sinful to him. We confess them realizing they are unpleasing to Him but assured that his grace is sufficient until they are gone. Mind: Study— We are constantly growing and taking steps to keep learning about Jesus, as well as learning about our unique values and particular area of calling. We commit to remaining teachable and in the attitude of not “having it all figured out.” Soul and Strength — We are committed to a spiritual formation model that embraces our whole person, including the emotional and physical components of who we are as image bearers of God. We understand the stewardship of our emotional and physical bodies is also part of our discipleship and modeling. We seek to regularly care for our physical temples through healthy eating habits, consistent exercise, and sufficient amounts of sleep, respecting our God-given limits. We also commit to playing and practicing recreation. We humbly commit to seeking help when we emotionally or physically are in areas that are unhealthy. To Show Jesus to One Another Salt-- We embrace the skills and behaviors that put feet on our theology and follow the guidance of Paul in Colossians 3: putting to death things like “sexual immorality, drunkenness, lust, evil desires and greed; ridding ourselves of anger, rage, malice, slander and filthy language.” Instead we will clothe ourselves with “compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness and patience—forgiving as our Lord has forgiven us.” This is the way we commit to engaging one another and relating in all of our relationships. Servants—We have each one been equipped with unique gifts to build and serve his church. Serving is a response to the love and grace we have been given through Jesus and not about “getting busy”. We commit to using our gifts sacrificially, participating in the attitude Christ displayed in Philippians 2-being broken and poured out. Stewards — We model percentage giving (using the tithe as a minimal guideline) in giving to God’s work. We commit to managing our material resources in a manner that honors God and avoids the traps and enticements of Western culture. We commit to simplicity in our lives that God might use all resources He has given us for His kingdom purposes. To Go into our Culture and the World Interruptible: We will remain aware and available for participation in mission of various kinds according to the calling and initiatives of the Spirit. By keeping our lives slower, we will be available for interruption and see it as being in the Missio Dei. Praying and Participating: We commit not only to praying “for” but also being involved “in” the work God is doing in our community and in the world. We commit to calling those that we lead into this as well. Healthy Family: We live in a culture of broken families and busy lives. Our greatest ministry is a commitment to do all that is necessary to keep our own families and relationships healthy. This includes realizing our ministry at home is as important as and in partnership with our ministry at LFC.




Hebrews 2: Things are not the way they are supposed to be but Jesus is making them right Hebrews 3: Hold firm and remain faithful as Jesus was faithful as a Son Hebrews 4: Enter his rest and cease from your works. He is a High priest that understands. Hebrews 5: Jesus is the greatest High Priest and meets all the requirements.

Activity

In just a couple of minutes, tell the group highlights about when you first decided to follow Christ. When you first chose to follow Christ, what questions were you most curious to know?

What about now? What questions do you find yourself asking today?

Read Hebrews 5: 11-14

Our introduction to Melchizedek comes from Genesis 14:17-20. We don’t learn much about him. In fact, the book of Hebrews says way more about him. Read Gen 14:17-20 to know what the Hebrew author is referring.

Here, the Hebrew author wants to talk a lot more about Melchizedek and eventually will. But he stops here because we learn something about his reader. What do we learn?

Dull of hearing (or some translations say they are lazy in their learning) Should have matured but haven’t Still going back to the elementary things over and over Infant in their faith Have not practiced and trained themselves to know good from evil.

What do these verses focus on as keys to maturing in our faith? Reflect on your own spiritual life in response to

these keys. How would you evaluate your growth? Keys are not being lazy and practicing disciplines that mature us, training.

Read Hebrews 6: 1-3 The author is charging the people to move on from elementary teaching. What elementary teachings does he

highlight? Repentance from Dead Works (not just repentance but knowing what Jesus says about trying to earn your

way to God) Faith toward God Baptism (washings) and other ceremonial washings Laying on of hands: the way to pray for others Resurrection of the dead: is there resurrection of the dead? Eternal judgment: will there be eternal judgment?

Elementary teachings does not mean, “everyone should know these!”. The author is simply saying these guys

should know these and stop continuing to argue over these again and again and move on to bigger things. But these are things all believers need to know. Looking at each of these elementary teachings, do you know what the Bible would say about each? Which ones do you need to research and learn? As a group, which ones do we need to investigate?

Leader: here is a great time to find out some basic truths the group needs to nail down. Even if it means the next week you take these on and skip a week in Hebrews to look at these. Tell the group you are going to do this next week and ask them which ones would be good to investigate.

Read Hebrews 6: 4-8



The author brings out a pretty touchy issue in these verses. A rule of thumb when studying scripture and tough issues is to always turn to what you DO know to answer what you DON”T know. What is the issue? Tell in detail the issue at hand.

It’s a case of someone who is described as: Once been enlightened Once tasted of the heavenly gift Made partakers of the Holy Spirit Tasted the good word of God Tasted the powers of the age to come Now has fallen away.

It says that it is impossible to renew them again to repentance. They have again crucified to themselves Jesus and put Him to shame

What questions stir in your mind from reading this issue?

Can a person lose their salvation? Is this hypothetical and it’s impossible because this situation would never happen? Does this mean if I slip away from the faith I can never return? What does this mean for “backsliders”?

Turn to what we know:

Is this passage talking about a person struggling with sin? Is it talking about a person that is struggling in their faith and not growing? Does it say this person has lost their salvation? What does it say is impossible? Does it say this is a hypothetical situation?

Leader: answers to 1 (no); 2 (no); 3(not sure); 4 (return to repentance); 5 (no-says it’s an issue and it’s an issue most likely because it has happened.)

As we started the Hebrews study, we said that one of the most important things is to keep the verses in context.

So, keeping this passage in context, the author is writing a predominantly Jewish culture that became Christians but are being persecuted and tempted to go back to Jewish tradition. To go back is described as “again crucifying to themselves the Son of God and putting him to shame” meaning they are joining the group that shouted “crucify him” on Good Friday.

Knowing this, what do you believe is the main reason the author makes this point?

The main reason was to warn them NOT to allow themselves to abandon Christianity and following Christ. Don’t slip back into Jewish traditions! He says it strongly yet the way he says it stirs a lot of questions that he does not answer.

Another principle of good Bible study is to know that one verse does not teach all of the Scriptures. In other

words, this verse is a fragment of the whole message of the Scriptures. To study the Bible well, you have to know that the Scriptures “never” contradict themselves and you have to put a single verse in the context of the whole teaching. With that in mind, what other Scripture would you put beside this passage?

Leader: let the group spend time searching the Scriptures here.

How does the analogy the author gives after this issue help to make sense of what he is talking about? He describes 2 types of ground that both receive rain. Yet one produces thorns and thistles and is worthless

and even harmful. It is a ground that does not do what it was created to do: produce fruit for others. So, he continues to describe a person that has heard and knows the word of God yet has turned from it and

even produces things in his life that are harmful to others.



After reading this passage, are their people that come to mind that you worry about? Who are they and what is their situation? As a group, put their situation in this context and discuss what you think this passage says and doesn’t say.

Leader: this is a question that just allows your group to wrestle with scripture and real life situations. Let your group learn how to wrestle with hard passages.

Read Hebrews 6: 9-12 The author has just laid out hard sayings and warnings. But what does he do after these warnings? What does

this tell you about why he brought out the issue? He used the warnings to spark the encouragement. He spoke an extreme to state that that is not where

these guys are.

Verse 11 and 12 bring back a theme that we see throughout this book. How does the author speak this theme again?

Be diligent; hold firm; stick it out; don’t get lazy; be patient; be persistent!

There are always times in which each of us wonder if we have fallen off the path of pursuing God. We wonder many times if God still loves us and if we might be out of reach of God’s hand. How do the verses we’ve spent time in today encourage or discourage you?

Hopefully they are encouraging in that the issue he described is not us. If it were, we wouldn’t even be at a Bible study. But we are encouraged to hold on! Hang in there!




Hebrews 2: Things are not the way they are supposed to be but Jesus is making them right Hebrews 3: Hold firm and remain faithful as Jesus was faithful as a Son Hebrews 4: Enter his rest and cease from your works. He is a High priest that understands. Hebrews 5: Jesus is the greatest High Priest and meets all the requirements. Hebrews 6: We have so many reasons to stand firm

Activity

I’ll make the assumption that those reading this study are in believers in Christ or at least very interested in him. Take time as a group to list all the reasons you can think of that would be tempting to boot the faith and return to a life without following Jesus.

Now, list all the reasons you can think of for not booting the faith but standing strong.

Up to this point, Hebrews has used language over and over to stand strong, to mature, to grow stronger. In Chapter 6, numerous reasons are given for holding on, persevering and maturing.

Leave elementary things and press onto maturity. God permits it You will destroy any possibility of good fruit being produced in others lives


In this section, we are given 3 other reasons to stand strong. They are given by telling us about 3 things that we can always depend on about God. What three things are dependable about God?

Verse 13-16: God’s…. (Word) Verse 18: God’s …. (Nature) Verse 20: God’s …. (Son)

What are the two unchangeable things that it’s impossible for God to lie about that the author speaks of in 17-18?

His purposes and his promise

What language does the author use in 18-20 to describe the readers interaction with hope? Take hold of it; it’s right before us It’s an anchor of the soul It’s sure and steadfast It’s one that enters the veil (the throne room of God)

In what ways do these words encourage you to hold strong to the faith?

Our introduction to Melchizedek comes from Genesis 14:17-20. We don’t learn much about him. In fact, the book of

Hebrews says way more about him. Read Gen 14:17-20 to know what the Hebrew author is referring.

Read Hebrews 7:1-3 List all the things we learn in this section about Melchizedek

King of Salem, priest of Most High God, me Abraham, blessed him, Abraham gave him a tenth, king of righteousness (his name), king of peace (name of country), no father, no mother, no genealogy, no beginning or end of days, made “like Son of God”, remains a priest.

Read Hebrews 7:4-22

This can be a very confusing passage but the main thing to keep in mind throughout this passage is that the author is using it to show the superiority of Jesus even over Aaron’s priesthood. He is also using it once again to show that the Old Testament is Christ-centered.



Looking at 4-5, what is the case that is being introduced? Abraham gave a tenth to Melchizedek, and the priest from Levi are commanded to receive a tenth from the

people.

In verse 6, you see a “but”. This shows the tension in the argument. What is the tension in 6-10 and the point being made?

Levi, the priest, gave tithes to Melchizedek through Abraham.

Verse 11 keeps the linear thinking going by bringing up the issue being challenged. What is the issue being challenged?

That perfection can come through the Levitical priesthood. Therefore, no other priest is needed if that is the case.

Verses 12-22 bring it all together. In these verses Jesus is shown as bringing in many new things. What are the

new things that he has brought into play? A new priest (11); new law (12); new lineage (13); new hope (19); new covenant (22)

On what basis did these new things come?

Jesus brought in a new order of things based not on law but on a promise, an oath.

In what ways does this section give us even more confidence in God’s word? He has kept it even all the way back to Melchizedek.

Sometimes we hit hard places and begin to wonder if God really will keep his word, really will come through. In

what ways does this section give you hope in your current circumstances?




Hebrews 2: Things are not the way they are supposed to be but Jesus is making them right Hebrews 3: Hold firm and remain faithful as Jesus was faithful as a Son Hebrews 4: Enter his rest and cease from your works. He is a High priest that understands. Hebrews 5: Jesus is the greatest High Priest and meets all the requirements. Hebrews 6: We have so many reasons to stand firm Hebrews 7: Jesus has put in a new order, a permanent order

Activity

My son bought his first car, a 1994 Honda Accord with 210,000 miles on it. He loved it. When we brought it home, we worked for hours to clean it and make it look the best it could. Because he had never waxed a car before, I decided to show him how to wax his car. He didn’t understand the entire process so we began by washing the car and then applying the wax to it. After applying the wax, he was a little saddened because the car started to look worse. He thought that all there was to it was applying the wax. He didn’t know about part 2, the removal of the wax. He thought we ruined his car. So, I introduced him to part 2: the removal. As we began to buff out the car, he grinned from ear to ear because his car now looked sharp! He saw the entire process and the beauty it brought out.

Talk about a time when you or someone you know stopped short in a 2 process event and thought it was done. As we saw at the end of last week, Melchizedek is used as an analogy for Jesus. Jesus is part 2 of plan A. To summarize verses 11-22, what were the new elements in part 2 that Jesus ushered in?

New priest (11); New law or order (12); new lineage/tribe (13) New hope (19); new covenant (22)


What else do we learn is different about Jesus than other priest in this section? He is permanent. His sacrifice was once and for all, no need for sacrifices over and over. He has been made perfect forever!

Chapter 8 begins with the word “now”. You can find very natural breaks and points in the authors thinking by noticing the places he says “now”. We will read Chapter 8 according to these sections.

Read Hebrews 8:1-3

The author summarizes all of chapter 7 in these few verses. Though chapter 7 can be confusing, what is the point of chapter 7?

Jesus is the true Lord, the true high priest, in the true tabernacle, not just a symbol or shadow of what is to come. He is not what the Jews have put their trust in so far-those things are only shadows of the truth.

Read Hebrews 8:4-5

In these verses, what do we learn that is important to keep in mind as you read the Old Testament?

Everything in the OT is a shadow of what was to come. It was part 1 of Plan A. The NT is part 2. The tabernacle that Moses built, the sacrifices the priest made;

Read Hebrews 8:6-12

What is a covenant? How is it different than a promise?



A covenant is an agreement between two. A promise can be a part of a covenant but doesn’t have to be. A promise can exist on no other conditions other than what was promised. A covenant is an agreement between two parties to act in certain ways.

In what ways is the new covenant different than the old?

Jesus is the mediator; based on a better promise; first covenant was not faultless. Law is in the heart and not just on paper; he will be their God; they his people; no teaching because they will

know him. God will be merciful and remember sins no more.

In what way was the first covenant not faultless? The Israelites broke it; they did not keep their part of the covenant (vs 8)

When you see language about 2 covenants it’s easy to wonder if God had a plan A and a plan B. It’s easy to

think that plan A failed and so plan B had to be put in place. Do you think God had a plan A that failed or is He still bringing to fruition plan A? How would Chapter 8 support your belief? Other parts of Hebrews?

Plan A with part 1 and 2. The law was never put in place to accomplish the whole plan. In the same way that the wax we applied to my son’s car was not the complete plan. Chapter 8 shows us that all things in the OT (the Old Covenant) were shadows, part 1 of 2 part. OT is about Christ! Chapter 1:2 talks about Christ being a part of the creation of the earth-since the beginning.

Read Hebrews 8:13

In what ways is verse 13 good news to you?

Leader: this is just a question to have the group respond honestly about their own relationship and understanding of the “law”; the Old Covenant.

Realizing that the old covenant is obsolete, to end your time today, what do you believe this no longer requires

followers of Christ to do or not do? Leader: this does not mean that the old covenant had no purpose. It means it’s purpose is done and fading.

It also does not mean that God’s moral law is done away with. It is talking about the Jewish ceremonial sacrifices and laws. This is what is no longer needed.




Hebrews 2: Things are not the way they are supposed to be but Jesus is making them right Hebrews 3: Hold firm and remain faithful as Jesus was faithful as a Son Hebrews 4: Enter his rest and cease from your works. He is a High priest that understands. Hebrews 5: Jesus is the greatest High Priest and meets all the requirements. Hebrews 6: We have so many reasons to stand firm Hebrews 7: Jesus has put in a new order, a permanent order Hebrews 8: The New order is superior to the Old order

Activity

I remember the first concert I went to: The Cars! Never been to a concert before then so didn’t know what to expect. I was on the 3rd row and really excited. An opening band came out (sorry, can’t remember who it was) and I thought, “man, this is awesome! These guys are amazing! It can’t get any better than this!” Oh, but that was just act 1. I’ll never forget when Ric Okasik came out and they launched right into “Good Times Roll”. All of a sudden, the opening act just wasn’t as good as I thought-nor was it meant to be.

Talk about a time when you got a taste/experience of something (a concert, a book, a restaurant, a movie sequel) first and then the follow up made that first taste/experience dim.

Read Hebrews 9:1-7

Though the author ended the last chapter recognizing that the old covenant is becoming obsolete, they do not dismiss the value and importance of the old covenant. What language does the author use to describe the earthly tabernacle?

Outer area called the holy place; Had lamp stand, table, sacred bread. Behind a veil another tabernacle called the Holy of Holies

Golden altar of incense Ark of covenant covered in gold: golden jar holding manna; Aaron’s rod; tables of covenant Cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat

What is the role of the priest and high priest?

Priests continually enter outer tabernacle performing divine worship Only high priest enters holy of holies once a year

Takes blood; offers it for himself and sins of the people committed in ignorance

Why does the author choose to not speak in detail about things he listed? In leaving these things unspoken about, where does it leave you as the reader?

Not enough time, not the main point, doesn’t want to draw out those details and miss the main point Leaves you with a great interest about how those details also were shadows of what is in place

Read Hebrews 9:8-10

What do we learn was the role of the earthly tabernacle and who set that up? It was God, through his Spirit that put this in place. It was purposeful to illustrate that the way to the holy of

holies has not been disclosed.

What does this tell us that the earthly tabernacle symbolizes about our relationship with God? Separation. They were still separated from God.

What was the purpose of gifts and sacrifices in the earthly tabernacle?

To cleanse the body, not to cleanse the conscience. Put in place as a place holder until the real cleansing happens.

Reading this may provoke the question, “why wasn’t Jesus sent much earlier than he was to earth?” What are

your thoughts on this question?



Leader: this is just a place to let people be honest about a real question. No need to get a definite answer here but let them talk.


Compare and contrast these verses with the ones we have read so far today. What are the differences noted? A greater and more perfect tabernacle Not made with hands, not of this creation, not through blood of goats/calves but his own blood, entered once

and for all and not yearly, eternal redemption and not temporary, cleanse conscience and not just flesh.

What does this tell you about man’s greater cleansing need? It is not just a physical need but an internal need. Therefore, it’s not about what we do (dead works) to

cleanse ourselves but what had to happen to cleanse us internally.

Read Hebrews 9:15 How does this verse shape your understanding of Jesus’ statement, “I am the way, the truth and the life. No one

comes to the father except through me.” (John 14:6)? Those before Jesus only come to the Father through Jesus. Those that may have never met Jesus or

spoken his name as Messiah, but acknowledges their need of a savior and that salvation only comes through God providing a way, would only find themselves with the Father through Jesus. In other words, NO ONE will be with the Father outside of the work that Christ did.

How does this verse also state again that Jesus is fully God?

The one that made the covenant had to die. The covenant was established in, through and by Jesus.

Read Hebrews 9:16-17 This passage can be confusing because of our understanding of the word “covenant”. The Greek can be

translated as well with the word “testament” (like a last will or testament). Using this interpretation instead, how does that make this section make sense?

This was the last will or testament of God and it comes into play when death happens like any will.

Read Hebrews 9:18-23 What word is mentioned over and over in this section and what do we learn about it?

Blood: it is what inaugurates a will; it is what washes and cleanses.

Why was it necessary for the tabernacle and the vessels in the tabernacle to be sprinkled with blood? Those things were not clean in and of themselves either.

Why blood? What does blood symbolize?

It is the symbol of life-the release of life. If something does not have blood, it does not have life. Life had to be shed for the will of God, the testament of God to be put into play.


What are all the ways the author states again that Jesus is greater than the old order? He entered into heaven itself and not just an earthly tabernacle He is there for us, once and for all (separation no longer between us and God) His blood was the final blood to be shed and His death put away sin!

The last 2 verses talk about what happens when a man dies. How is the death of Christ different from the death

of man? How does verse 28 define “judgment” for “those who eagerly await Him”? Our judgment is “salvation without reference to sin”

What things are you tempted to do over and over hoping it would keep God happy with you?




Hebrews 2: Things are not the way they are supposed to be but Jesus is making them right Hebrews 3: Hold firm and remain faithful as Jesus was faithful as a Son Hebrews 4: Enter his rest and cease from your works. He is a High priest that understands. Hebrews 5: Jesus is the greatest High Priest and meets all the requirements. Hebrews 6: We have so many reasons to stand firm Hebrews 7: Jesus has put in a new order, a permanent order Hebrews 8: The New order is superior to the Old order Hebrews 9: The Old Order was an opening act for the New Order

Activity

There are many things in our lives that you don’t know the conclusion to until a long period of time is over. Things that we want to be able to do one thing or a couple of things and then just sit back, relax and know the outcome. Here’s an example: Football! I’m a huge football fan and I really, really love a great game. But as I’ve gotten older, I’m desiring the quick win for teams that I pull for rather than a good game. Why? Because I hate getting all the way to the end, leading the whole way, and then watching my team fall apart and lose it in the final minute. It seems to make the last 4 hours feel extremely wasteful! If’ we are going to lose, then just lose early or if we are going to win, just win early so I can get onto yard work. I hate the wait. But I didn’t always. I used to love the game even if I hated the outcome. Marriages are the same way. I watch many people fight the journey for years and years only to come close to the end of the game and just give up. The point in the relationship that the hardest fighting needs to happen, one party or both parties just throw in the towel-too tired to move on. Relationships with children- the teenage years especially. These are the years that you have to fight the hardest simply to hold onto the relationship if nothing else. Yet, it’s the part of the game that many parents throw their hands up in the air and give up. The years when the game isn’t going as well as we hoped and so we get tired and quit. I spent 5 years studying Mechanical Engineering only to graduate and go into College Ministry. I can’t tell you how many times I’ve looked back and wondered, “God if you’d just told me I would go into college ministry I could have majored in something WAY easier and saved some emotional and physical energy. Thanks for 5 wasted years! The life of following Christ can be the same way. Our spiritual journeys all hit places in which sometimes it just gets too exhausting. Didn’t we show enough faith the last time, weren’t we obedient enough just before this, didn’t I read my Bible enough? Why am I being asked to “hold on” again? I’m not sure I can. I’m not sure it’s worth it. So, we throw in the towel. And if we do, all the years before feel wasted.

Perseverance is a critical element in our spiritual walks with Jesus. Seeing it all the way to the end—no quick wins in the Christian life. You got to play it all the way to the end. What are things in your life, places in your life that you are tempted to give up on or know you gave up too early on? What would it take or would have taken to keep going?

Read Hebrews 10:1-10 and note the number and places the author uses the word “sacrifices”:

How many times does the author use the word sacrifice in this section and what is his point about them? In other words, what is the point he is trying to get his reader to understand by saying it over and over?

Mentioned 5 times. We are not made perfect by sacrifices that happen over and over and over. God is not pleased with those-they were simply reminders of our sin and need for a savior



What does the author tell us that the law does and what it doesn’t do? It reminds us of our sin It does NOT make perfect those that draw near to God-never has, never will It does NOT bring sacrifices that are pleasing to God

According to this section, why has Jesus come and what is the outcome?

He came to do the will of God and it is by the will of God that we are sanctified

Read Hebrews 10:11-18 What all has the “one offering” of Jesus accomplished according to this section?

Covers all sins for all time Perfected those being sanctified The law is put on our hearts, mind Sin and lawless deeds are remembered no more Forgiveness for sin and therefore no longer any offering for sin!

Verse 18 is great, great news! When I read this verse it makes me think of ways I still act to “gain” forgiveness

instead of trusting the act of Christ on the cross. What things do you find yourself tempted to do to make yourself feel like you are forgiven?

Leader: just a time to let the group be honest.

Read Hebrews 10:19-25 The author tells us more of what happened because of forgiveness. What are those things?

We have confidence to enter the holy place The way we now live is a new and living way We have a great high priest!

The author gives us better direction and steps to take in light of the fact that our sins are forgiven. What all does

he tell his reader to do? Draw near to God with a sincere heart, with full assurance Enter without an evil conscience Hold fast to our hope and proclaim it Stimulate one another to love and good deeds Keep meeting together and encouraging one another

How often do you approach your walk with Christ in this manner? Which of these is hardest for you to grasp?


There is warning to the one that just keeps themselves in sin and refuses to repent—sinning willfully. Even the Old Law had great punishment and was based on 2 or 3 witnesses seeing someone willfully sin. Why is willfully sinning after knowing the truth even worse?

Because you are insulting not the law, but grace, the spirit of grace.

Some can read this section and say, “well, that doesn’t feel very much like grace.” That question reveals a misunderstanding of grace. How would that question define grace and what is false about it?

It would define grace as being able to do whatever I want to do. It would define grace as Jesus dying just to cover our sin but not freeing us from our sin. But the death of Christ freed us from sin, it’s power, it’s control and therefore we no longer need to be enslaved to it.


The author reminds the reader of how they played the “football” game in the first half. He is coaching the team. What does he remind them about their first half of play?



They were more than happy to suffer; so suffering is not a new thing. They suffered because of public spectacle but also because of being connected with others that are suffering

but they were ok with it. They were sympathetic to prisoners and even were ok losing their property.

How does he coach them to finish the game? What is at risk?

Keep confidence- a huge reward awaits The will of God is played out all the way through-not just in one half. Jesus is coming back—hang on! The will of God is not just a “one half” deal. You have to play hard all the way through! Finish! He tells them they are a team that WILL finish!

After reading this section, in what ways can you identify with the readers? How are you encouraged to keep

fighting?





Hebrews 10: You have to endure and hold on till the end!

Activity Every family has stories, stories that are told every thanksgiving and every Christmas and seem to never get old.

As a group, share stories that are told every holiday that seem to never get old.

Read Hebrews 11:1-3 What is the definition given by the author of faith?

An assurance of the things hoped for and the conviction of things not seen

What are the things that our culture, world have faith in? Do any of those go against the definition of faith? A football team, a person, a president, a way of life, our children… Most of them don’t go against the definition of faith. But, it’s the object of our faith that will fail

Faith is not usually the thing that fails. It’s usually what we put our faith in that fails. What are things, people that

you put your faith in that you watched fail?

Read Hebrews 11:4-12 and as you read, note what each person put their faith in: Who are the people given as examples in this section and what did each put their faith in?

Abel: faith in God and that God deserved our best Enoch: faith in God and that God deserved to be pleased Noah: faith in God and that God deserved to be revered Abraham: faith in God and that God was to be obeyed Sarah: faith in God and that God was faithful

From these examples, which one stands out to you personally and why? How does their faith challenge you?


How does dying in faith without receiving what you are promised in line with the definition of faith? Faith is assured of what is hoped for and not seen and those things are not required to come to fruition in this

life on earth.

What things in their lives revealed their faith? In their language; in their actions: not looking for things to come to fruition here, knowing another home.

Read Hebrews 11:17-34 and as you read, note what each person put their faith in:

Who are the people given as examples in this section and what did each put their faith in? Abraham: faith in a God that is not bound by death Isaac: faith in a God that assures his families future Jacob: faith in a God that is called to be worship even in light of death Joseph: faith in a God that keeps his word Moses parents: faith in a God that is more powerful than Kings Moses: faith in a God whose riches are greater than mans



Faith in a God that does not fear kings Israel: Faith in a God that has the power to destroy

Faith in a God that has power over natural elements Faith in a God that destroys man’s walls

Rahab: Faith in a God that requires obedience Others: Faith in a God that conquers kingdoms, declares righteousness, controls all powers, sovereign

From these examples, which one stands out to you personally and why? How does their faith challenge you?


Many times we hope to have good outcomes to our faith. What examples are given here that show that is not always promised? Does this encourage or discourage you?

Go back through chapter 11. Look at each of the names that were given and their story. Each name reveals

something true about God that they believed and had faith in. List all the characteristics of God that their faith describes.

Conquers death, all powerful, faithful, king of kings, all riches, no fear of man or kings, power to destroy, ruler over all creation, etc…

Stories of our past help us to persevere into the future. Take time to record stories you’ve heard today that you need to hold onto in order to persevere in the faith. Spend time thanking God for those before us and their stories.





Hebrews 10: You have to endure and hold on till the end! Hebrews 11: Great stories to help you hold on!

Activity I have to admit that I really don’t like discipline. I don’t like to discipline my body especially. I have a friend that’s

trying to get me to commit to running a 10K with him in a few months and nothing in me wants to commit to this. Don’t get me wrong-I’d love to be able to say I ran a 10K and I’d love to have my body in shape to do this, but I despise the thought of putting my body through what it will have to go through to get there. Why can’t I have the reward without the grueling training? We all know the answer to that. So, since he asked me one week before I chapter 12 of Hebrews, maybe God is using this as an opportunity to bring chapter 12 more to life. Ask me in a few months if I obeyed God’s leading.

As a group, talk about how you view discipline. How was disciplined handled growing up? How do you discipline

your children? When is a time that you trained and disciplined your body in something?

Read Hebrews 12:1-3 The whole point of Chapter 11 is given in verse 1. It is there to encourage the reader. Because of these great

stories, what does the author tell the reader to now do? Lay aside encumbrances Lay aside the sin that “easily” entangles Run the race with endurance Fix your eyes on Jesus

The last question revealed the work we are to do. What is the work that we cannot do-the work that only Jesus

can do? He is the author of our faith, the perfecter of our faith. He is the one that shapes us and changes us. That is

not our work. Our work is to stay in the race.

What are the hindrances and things that easily entangle you in your faith?

Read Hebrews 12:4-11 Discipline can come from different sources. What is the relationship that is highlighted in this section and why is

that such a critical understanding for the reader of that time? Why is this critical to understand today? Discipline was only seen as punishment for breaking laws during that time and not as correction and

restoring and training from a loving father. It defines our entire relationship with God

What are all the fruits of discipline that are shown here?

It shows love; endurance; shows the relationship; respect for the father; for our good; for share in Holiness; training; peaceful fruit of righteousness.




In light of what he has just told the reader, the author gives action steps in the training. Strengthen areas in your life that are weak Keep a good focus, a straight path to grow stronger and heal Pursue peace and sanctification (you can pursue it but not promised it will be had-but we pursue it) As a body make sure no one falls short of God’s grace

Keeping bitterness away Keeping immorality away Keeping immediate gratification away

What spiritual disciplines have you put in place that “strengthens the hands that are weak and the knees that are

feeble?”


In 18-21, you are given illustration of the relationship between God and those of the Old Covenant. In your own words, how would you describe that relationship?

Focus on the words “fear and trembling” in verse 21

In 22-24, the relationship under the New Covenant is described. In your own words, how would you describe this relationship?

A new city, a new Jerusalem made by God and not by man

How does this section encourage you to run the race, to persevere, to endure?

Read Hebrews 12:25-29 While our relationship with God is one of father and child, God is more than just father. While he is a loving

father, what other characteristics are described in this section about our daddy? He is to be listened to He is powerful; he has a plan that he will bring to completion; he is to be worshipped; he is a consuming fire

Knowing these things about our father, does it give you an attitude of “fear and trembling” (verse 21) or a different

attitude toward Him? Describe. It’s one of respect and awe-not of fear and trembling.

The author ends this chapter with the call to “show gratitude”. End your time by expressing gratitude to God for

who He is and the things that are expressed in this chapter.





Hebrews 10: You have to endure and hold on till the end! Hebrews 11: Great stories to help you hold on! Hebrews 12: Discipline helps you hold on.

Activity To bring closure to the study, walk through each chapter of Hebrews and give a quick summary of each chapter.

Allow the review to draw each chapter together and see how the letter flows all the way through.

Read Hebrews 13:1-9 The author is wrapping up his letter and is giving general instruction to the church. List all the things he says in

this section: Keep loving each other How hospitality to others Care for the prisoners-the ones in bondage for the gospel Care for those being treated poorly Honor marriage-not just those that are married but everyone honor it by keeping bed pure Keep character free from love of money

Be content with what you have Remember those who led you to Jesus and follow them Don’t be carried away by strange teachings

These are teachings that take you from grace but trust rituals

What things creep into your life that keep you from doing these things?

What is the instruction that allows a person to not be in love with money? How does this help you in your own relationship with money?

Trust who God is and not what man can do

Read Hebrews 13:10-25 Once again, the author thinks of another illustration of the OT that describes our Jesus. What emphasis does this

illustration bring out at this time in the letter? That this is not our home. In the OT, the bodies were burned outside the temple/altar. Jesus suffered outside the gate We suffer outside the gate of our true home. This is not our home

In the verses 15-25, there are several things the believer is able to do and called to do. At the same time the only

way for that to happen is because of what God does. What is the work of the believer but what is God doing that allows that to happen?

God: verse 15 (through Jesus we can worship God) God equips us to do his will, works in us the things that are pleasing to him, and all of this through Jesus.

The letter of Hebrews started with an emphasis on Jesus. How does it end with that same emphasis?

It is in and through Jesus that all things happen. The old and new declare this!

study 1: intro and hebrews 1:1-2:1

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