ARESAM

BENEVECTORAS

Benevectoras is an Earth-Mars cycler settlement around the sun.It will provide the foremost facilities and living environment for 2500 permanent and 6300 transient population.Since the settlement is a cycler it has been equipped with retractable solar sails to cover more distances in less time

Solar sail

Lower floor downtown

Residential Floors

ARGONOMArgonom is built on the surface of Mars, inside a crater. It is not just a single settlement but consists of a main settlement and other outlying communities.To provide protection from dust and radaiation it will be covered by a protective, transparent, insulating domeIt will provide pleasant living and working environments for 24,000 people and a transient population of 3,000 people.Over half the people will live in Argonom, the primary settlement and others in the outlying communities.It will provide immense capabilities to explore the surface of Mars and carry out research and excavation/mining operations on the surface.

Basic structure of Outlying Community

Cross-section of Primary Settlement

Construction Sequence

Construction MaterialsMaterials for Permanent

SettlementWURTZITE

BORON NITRIDE

High tensile strengthEasily machinable

SUPERADOBE

(REGOLITH)

Highly flexible materialResistant to extreme temperatures

GRAPHENE AEROGEL

Low thermal conductivityHigh mechanical strength

HYDROCAL-BONDED

B-11

Resistant to extreme temperatures in the range -248°C to 482°C

MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND USES

TRANSPARENTALUMINIUM

Optically transparent in the near ultraviolet, visible and infrared regions

FUSED QUARTZ SILICA GLASS

Transparent in visible and near ultravioletShows good tensile strength and crack-resistive properties 

LEAD GLASS

Absorbs bursts of X-Rays and Gamma Rays.

Transparent Construction MaterialsMaterials for Dome

Location and MaterialLocation: Naruko Crater (36.248°S, 198.291°E) Location chosen due to less amount of dust storms and perfect texture of soil.

MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND USES

TRANSPARENTALUMINIUM

Optically transparent in the near ultraviolet, visible and infrared regions

FUSED QUARTZ SILICA GLASS Transparent in visible and near ultravioletShows good tensile strength and crack-resistive properties 

LEAD GLASS Absorbs bursts of X-Rays and Gamma Rays.

Waste and Water Management

Food and ConsumablesConsumable Category Amount

(Residential Population)

Amount (Transient Population)

Food 6,570,500 kg/yr 1,314,000 kg/yrWater 94,257,600 kh/hr 11,782,200 kh/hrOxygen 2,199,520 kg/yr 141,420 kg/yrHygiene Products 1,051,200 kg/yr 32,850 kg/yrPharmaceuticals 87,600 kg/yr 2,730 kg/yrPaper Products* 220,320 kg/yr 6,900 kg/yrClothing* 4,600 articles/yr 600 articles/yrShoes* 9,640 pairs/yr 600 pairs/yrElectronics 58,900 items/yr 3,600 items/yrKitchen Appliances 3,560 items/yr 420 items/yrFurniture 141,820 items/yr 9,600 items/yrResearch Materials 12,000 items/yr 800 items/yr

*indicates estimation

Food type Example food Daily amount Nutrients provided

Fish Tilapia 200g 52 g protein300 IU Vitamin D3.8 µg Vitamin B-12

Vegetables Lettuce/Cabbage

200g 14,810 IU Vitamin A18.4 mg Vitamin C

Legumes Soybeans 200g 40g fats554 mg Calcium31.4 mg Iron18g fiber

Starches Rice 600g 780 Calories

Food Production Vertical farming Quantum dot LEDs Vertical stacks For 24,000 people, 20

tanks will be needed.

Harvesting: Automated robots used, harvest when readyPackaging/Storage:

Plants: biopolymer containers

Surplus is freeze-driedDelivery: Packaged food sent to ‘vending machines’ for distributionSale: SIC codes used for food orders

Meat Production: in vitro Paper Production:

bamboo pulp Other products: 3D

printed or import from earth

Gender Calorie Intake

Male 2200 – 2800

Female 2000 – 2600

Human Transport: Tram systems between major recreational and

residential areas Bicycles for travelling short distances Elevators and Service ladders between floors

Goods and Products: Pneumatic tubes for small products (e.g.

consumables) Pneumatic tube outlets in rooms/communal areas Integrated with SIC system Cargo Elevators

Internal Transportation

11

Team 1 places

support beams Team 2

places aluminum

tubes

Team 3 welds tubes to support

beams and to following

tubes

Maintenancebots clear the

trapped Martian dust

Team 4 installs

magnetic components

4 Mag-Lev Trams per route2 cargo, 2 human

MARSUV: 8-man, 6 monthResearch/Exploration Vehicles Designed by Vulture Aviation

External Transportation

4m

8m

2.5m

0.5m

8m

2.5m

Cargo Maglev Pod

Public transport Maglev pod

12

Mechanical arms based in the crater to construct

the levels

Adjustable height will allow a single jig system to construct all levels in

the settlement

Construction robots from Aresam help attach base of each level to the side

of the crater

Each level will be constructed on the base

of the crater, raised above to a suitable

height and fixed at that height

The dome will be constructed similarly,

raised outside the crater and fixed to the Jigs

Assembly Area for JigsVersatile robot for exterior construction that uses a welder to cut and place panels

Jig Autobot

Argobot 13

Power Generation 2 Solar Panel Satellite Array(s): 4 daughter satellites each ~400 mW each in

synchronized orbit Multi-junctional halide perovskite solar cells

Back-up: Clean Modular Nuclear Reactors (CMNRs):

Liquid metal and gas cooled Better alternative to standard nuclear (Why?

Re-use waste, less waste) 1 CMNR supplies ~350 megawatts of electricity

14

Satelllites RectennasUndergroun

d Power Cables

Substation Transformers

Battery Storages

Distribution Lines

Planet Grid Rectenna arrays:

1.5 km away from settlements Power regulation and rectenna control centers Convert microwave beams to high voltage DC

electricity (long distance transfer) Underground power cables Gallium nitrogen transformers at

substation(s) .25 km away Metastable xenon difluoride battery storages Continuous electricity supply

Within each settlement: Carbon copper nanowire lines polyethylene

coated Power inverters in homes to change DC to AC or

AC to DC Battery banks in homes Individual: ~7,500 kilowatts per hour Settlements: ~4,300 megawatts per day

15

Water Recycling

Grit + sand filters for solids

Hydro turbine

UV radiation for disinfection

AquaponicsUtilities apart

from toilet

Drinking 4KW turbine to power 22W vertical pump & 20 100W UV lamps, excess is stored Water from polar ice caps (Maglev robots)

Gray water facilities (e.g. toilets

HeatingFeces digested by aerobic bacteria, producing sludge

for sale

water

feces

SEWAGE SYSTEM

Liters per day

Utilities (apart from toilets)

Drinking

Toilets

8,405,936

80,000

772,22416

Atmosphere

Air ProductionBacteria will be planted in the Martian soil after consumption of the dome which will create the required atmosphere inside the settlement.

Polluted Air

Clean Air

Air Composition at 0.8atm

Gases Volume(%)

Oxygen 29%

Nitrogen 70%

Carbon-dioxide 0.03%

Others 0.97%

Heating and cooling systemsThe settlement will be heated by Multi Layer Insulation which will not allow the air to escape the settlement and can withstand small impacts. Also, water tubes will be run of the circumference of the dome which will be heated and be used to heat the settlement.Ammonia pipes will all throughout the settlement which will keep the settlement cool.

Multi Layer Insulation

carbon scrubbers, electrostatic charcoal

Cargo Handling

1. When a space vehicle enters into the docking zone and then disturbs the laser mesh, the adjustable hooks and clamps adjust according to the size of the vehicle. This is to accommodate the diversity of the vehicles arriving at .

2. After the space vehicle is docked the double airlock system opens and transfer the cargo or crew to the pressurized compartment in the settlement.

Main community Design

Sub Community constructions

1. Tertiary Industrial and Port Settlement

Community Design• Argonotos: Rectangular Version

• Base: 100 x 50 m x 7 (h)• Argolebes and Argomons:

Circular Version• Base: 30m (r) x 15 m (h)

2. Northern Pole Industrial Settlement Community Design• Argoboreas: Circular

Version• Base: 70m (r) x 15 m

(h)

Food and ConsumablesConsumable Category Amount

(Residential Population)

Amount (Transient Population)

Food 6,570,500 kg/yr 1,314,000 kg/yrWater 94,257,600 kh/hr 11,782,200 kh/hrOxygen 2,199,520 kg/yr 141,420 kg/yrHygiene Products 1,051,200 kg/yr 32,850 kg/yrPharmaceuticals 87,600 kg/yr 2,730 kg/yrPaper Products* 220,320 kg/yr 6,900 kg/yrClothing* 4,600 articles/yr 600 articles/yrShoes* 9,640 pairs/yr 600 pairs/yrElectronics 58,900 items/yr 3,600 items/yrKitchen Appliances 3,560 items/yr 420 items/yrFurniture 141,820 items/yr 9,600 items/yrResearch Materials 12,000 items/yr 800 items/yr

Food type Example food

Daily amount Nutrients provided

Fish Tilapia 200g 52 g protein300 IU Vitamin D3.8 µg Vitamin B-12

Vegetables Lettuce/Cabbage

200g 14,810 IU Vitamin A18.4 mg Vitamin C

Legumes Soybeans 200g 40g fats554 mg Calcium31.4 mg Iron18g fiber

Starches Rice 600g 780 Calories

Gender Calorie Intake

Male 2200 – 2800

Female 2000 – 2600

Food Production Vertical farming Quantum dot LEDs Vertical stacks For 24,000 people, 20 tanks will be

needed.

Harvesting: Automated robots used, harvest when readyPackaging/Storage: Plants: biopolymer containers Surplus is freeze-dried

Delivery: Packaged food sent to ‘vending machines’ for distributionSale: SIC codes used for food orders

TransportationHuman Transport: Tram systems between major

recreational and residential areas Quad-cars for personal travelling Bicycles for travelling short distances Elevators and Service ladders between

floors

Housing designs

Studio Exterior:16 m height 6m x 9m base, 579 ft2

Apartment exterior: 2.5 m height, 9m x 8 m base, 1,600 ft2

Duplex Exterior

Villa Exterior

Housing plans

4.3 Donning and Doffing

Single Airlock Chamber for Community Compartments

4.6 m. by 9.2 m.

Triple Airlock Chamber for Doffing

4.6 m. by 9.2 m.

Space suit

 Work Suits In - Space Operation Suits

Exploration and Research Suits

Standard Work Suits

Subcontractor Extreme Survival Technologies

Extreme Survival Technologies

Extreme Survival Technologies

Cost per Suit $500,000 $350,000 $250,000

Number of Suits 100 200 500

Specialty Custom FitGreater Mobility

FlexibleConverts CO2 to O2

Hard ShelledFrequent Use

Dimensions of: 1.7 m. height, 0.6 m. widthWork Suit is shown in the leftDimensions of: 1.8 m. height, 0.7 m. widthRecreational Suit is shown in the right

Personal Demographic Distribution

0 10 20 30 40 50 600

50001000015000200002500030000350004000045000

Estimated Population Growth Pattern

Years rom Establishment

Res

iden

tial P

opul

atio

n

Group Percent Population

Married Adults 50% 12,000

Single Men 28% 6,720

Single Women 21% 5,040

Children 1% 240

Transient 3,000

Robot/Jig/Device Design Description QuantityAutobot (2m x 2m and 3m arms)

Construction of the external hull by working on the jigCapable of lifting, cutting and assembling panels on the exterior hull and the outermost frame due to its welding capabilities.

10

Argobot (3.5m x 1.5m) Multi-purpose construction robotTool dispensing arm with 6 tools which can weld, glue, drill etc. Constructs housesHelps with prefabricated base assembly (inflation with water)Constructs mag lev rail at 25 km/day

146

Briobot (1m x 0.6m) Equipped with suction cups for tiling, paint nozzles and a mechanical armInterior finishing and install utilitiesMaintain facilities as well

200

3-D Printer Standard 3D printer Will build interior infrastructure and surfaces like furniture, household objects

50

5.1 Construction

5.2 Contingency PlansProblem Procedure Response Mechanism Time

Fire Smoke Detector detects fireAlert sent to peopleSonic extinguisher is deployed

Low frequency sounds from inbuilt speakers which extinguish fire

5 to 10 seconds

Pipe leakage Mainframe detects any leakBriobot will be deployed

Hypo-eutectic alloy will be sprayed onto the leak to seal it

30 seconds

Robot Malfunction

Any damaged robot is recalled to the Warehouse/Repair Centre

Hardware: Warehouse repairsSoftware: Mainframe

Hardware:1-2 hoursSoftware: 10-15 minutes

Computer Malfunction

Highly redundant & autonomous systems ensure that malfunctions don’t compromise settlement operations

Human Engineers reprogram buggy code in any malfunctioning computer

5-10 hours

Exterior Structure Failure

Pressure sensors detect breachAirlock activatedRepair robots are sent

AirlockBriobot

Airlock: instantlyRobots: depends on the damage

Internal Communications: Li-Fi will be used to

achieve 250 Gbps ofspeeds

LEDs connected withfibre optics will act as routers

External Communications: Vulture’s satellite

constellation will beused for all communication

Laser communication terminals will relay all signals between these settlements

SHA-256 encryption will be used toprotect all data exchanges

5.2 Communication

32

5.3 Verification SystemsSettlement Identity Code system to initiated and security clearances of residents are well-defined

Alpha, Beta and Gamma levels with γ being highest level which also requires human verification

4 way verification• Barcode scan• Fingerprint/Hand size

scan• Iris scan• Human verification (γ

only)

5.3 Repair and Safety

34

Uses two assembly

lines, one for construction and one for

repair of robots

Repair line has scanner at the start

Construction line has 3D

printer at the start for

basic framework of

robot

Robotic arms designed to do specific

tasks placed next to

conveyer belt

Warehouse has one

more level for storing

robots

The warehouse

will be placed in the Maintenance Level of the settlement

Robot Warehouse(325 sq. meter, 2 levels)

Storage of robots on second level

5.4 Personal Device

Component DescriptionBiometric Sensors

Monitors vital signs and also uses biometrics for payments and user identification

Self Sustaining Charging

A kinetic charger inside charges the HoloLex charges it while users are moving. Backup charge is provided by the clothing (mentioned later).

End-to-end integration

Minerva will be integrated with the housing mainframe and will allow users to control all home appliances

35

5.4 Enhanced Livability

Smart KitchenSmart Office Space

Butler Functions Security Personal Assistant

Linked to the home security systemAlerts the authorities in case of intruders or emergencies such as fires

Alex acts as a smart personal assistant and secretary, giving reminders and also taking care of children

Is responsible for general household work and maintanence

1.2m

0.6m

Delivery bot capable of carrying 25 kg

Business Development

Argomons

Argonotos

Argolebes

Argolebes

Mines for

Raw materialsTra

nsported to

ArgonotosNear-

vacuum,Dry ice cold

soak

Transparent Aluminum

Extruding, rolling, forming, cutting

Finished Export

Product

Transporte

d

to

Argomons

Export Spacecraft Construction

38

Heating Plant 1Sheet Rolling

Cold Soak Plant 1Heating Plant 21

1

Cutting PlantCold Soak Plant 2

Polishing

Schedule

39

2060 2061 2062 2063 2064 2065 2066 2067 2068 2069 2070 2071 2072 2073 2074 2075R & D (phase 1)R & D (phase 2) Transp. of materialsConstruction Jig Cylinder Dock Anntena Rotation interphase Initial trials Spokes Torus Interiors Final trialsPeople arrive

Total Cost : $674,698,453,000

Cost

40

Material Quantity(tonnes) Rate (million $/tonne) Cost(million $)

Fused Quartz Silica glass 4775440.75 0.0028 13371.2341

Aluminium oxynitride glass 9624583.25 0.4 3849833.3

lead glass 1994283.01 0.015 29914.24515

Wurtzide Boron Nitride 2731300.65 0.34 928642.221

Superadobe 1317960.95 0.15 197694.1425

Hydrocal bonded B-11 199428.301 0.016 3190.852816

Graphene aerogel 208.1 0.015 3.1215

Demron 2178103.88 0.003 6534.31164

Polyurethane foam 43007.146 0.0022 94.6157212

Fusible lead calcium tin alloy 3988566.03 0.002 7977.13206

RTV 3145 fiber 235256 0.0005 117.628

Boron Nitride Nanotubes 6947.35 0.02 138.947

Borotron 3737980.04 0.03 112139.4012

M5 Fiber 1474035.28 0.02 29480.7056

D30 1825202.5 1.674 3055388.985

Titanium(Ti-62222) alloy 1920581.25 0.08 153646.5

Silicon Carbide 2783325.43 0.036 100199.7155

TOTAL 8488367.059

Cost

41

OCCUPATIONAL BREAKDOWN

Occupation Annual Salary(million $) Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Phase 5 Phase 6

Technicians 1 150 240 180 250 450 500

Doctors 0.4 10 30 30 50 50 50

Engineers 1.2 100 200 150 300 400 500

Researchers 1.5 40 80 100 150 200 200

Duration(years) 1.5 1 1.5 2 1.5 1.5

Total 501 612 850.5 1710 1875 2130

GRAND TOTAL 7678.5

Cost

42TOTAL COST OF SETTLEMENT = 1,225,571,360,000

Imported Items Quantity Rate(million $) Cost(million $)Microwave transmission 8 37 296Internal Vehicle(Quads) & Bicycle 8000 0.55 4,400Solar Panels 8 2 16MARSUV 1000 1 1,000MAGLEV train 15 6.9 104Modular nuclear reactor 14 100 1,400Satellites 8 500 4,000Metastable xenon difluoride batteries 8000 0.01 80Pet robot 10000 0 500Medical Station 0 15,000 300Microbots & Nanobots 60000 0 360Minobot & maintenance bot 2 50 100Hololex 27000 0 15Cleaningbot & Dust bot 85000 0 340Briobot and argobot 2 550 1,100Mars Rover 20 40 800Super-computer 12 20 240Biometric system NA NA 40Volumetric Air flow Tracking System NA NA 4Energy Particle Analyzers NA NA 20Waste collection sysytem NA NA 5Quantum-computer 11 7 77On-space operation suits 1 100 50Exploration and research suits 200 0.35 70Standard work suits 500 0.25 125Daily needs NA NA 56Stationery NA NA 25Recreational needs NA NA 14Miscellaneous NA NA 100

TOTAL COST 15,637