structure of joint

7/24/2019 Structure of Joint

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Structure of JointYOSSIE ATYANDHARI


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Joint Function

1. Hold the skeletal ones to!ether

". Allo# the skeleton so$e %e&iilit' so !ross $o(e$ent can occur

). *ake one !ro#th +ossile


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Joint classi,cation

-lassi,cation ' structure

1. Firous oints

/ ones held to!ether ',rous connecti(etissue

0suture s'ndes$osis!o$+hosis2

". -artila!enous oints

/ ones held to!ether 'cartila!e

). S'no(ial oints

/ co$+le& structure #ithcartila!e and ca(ities

-lassi,cation ' fun

1. S'narthroses

I$$o(ale oints

". A$+hiarthrose

Sli!htl' $o(ale

). Diarthroses

Freel' $o(ale o


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3eneral ack!round

1 e&tra oint cate!or'

Bony joint (synostosis)

I$$oile 0i$$o(ale2

" ones ossif' to!ether 0essentiall' $er!e or #eldto!ether2

So$e cranial sutures 0,ssures in the craniu$2 ossi,ed

4hen the !ro#th +late fuses5calci,es o(er 0oinin! the

e+i+h'sis and dia+h'sis in lon! ones2


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Fibrous joint(synarthrosis)

1.Suture

". 3o$+hosis

). S'ndes$osis


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1. Sutures

Suture6 i$$oile oints in theskull 0,ssures2 throu!h the

thickness of the outerco$+act one

/7serrate89 #a(' lines 0like a serratedknife2

/ skull6+arietal5frontal ones

7la+85 7s:ua$ous89 dia!onal line

Skull6 te$+oral5+arietal ones

7+lane8 5 7utt89 strai!ht line

;aired $a&illar' and +alatine ones


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". 3o$+hosis

#here teeth attached to one

Tooth is 7held in +lace8 ' ,+eridontal li!a$ent8 $ade ofcolla!en that ori!inates fro$

a# one

Firous 7oint8 +er$its sli!ht

$o(e$ent #hen itin!

I$+ortant sensor' $echanis$kno# ho# hard or soft 'ou aritin!


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). S'ndes$osis

-ollla!en ,ers ind " ones

*ore $oilit' ut still (er'li$ited

Distal end Tiia < ,ula

Distal end Radius < ulna


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-artila!inous oints6 0amphiarthrosis

1. S'nchondrosis6 one isound 5oined 'hyaline

cartila!e

The !ro#th +latein lon! ones

The ,rst riattached to the

sternu$ 0ON=Y

the ,rst ri2

". S'$+h'ses6 ones areoined ' fbrouscartila!e

;uic one0+el(is2

>et#een

(erterae


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S'no(ial oints

/ ?er' co$+le&

7s'no(ial8 se+arated' a s+ace 07s'no(ialca(it'82 #heres'no(ial %uid isretained

S'no(ial %uid rich inalu$in 0lood +rotein2and h'aluronic acid 0aluricant2


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S'no(ial oints

Joint $e$rane6

Outer ,rous ca+sule 0continuous #ith the+eriosteu$2

Inner s'no(ial $e$rane secretes thes'no(ial %uid into the oint ca+sule

Each one in(ol(ed in the oint is co(ered' articular cartila!e " $$ thick

/The ones $ake u+ the oint are 7heldto!ether8 ' li!a$ents

Hel+ to locate the ones in the correct 7+lace8so that their articular cartila!e 7rides8correctl'

T f i t l i, ti h


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T'+es of oints6 classi,cation ' sha+e

>all @ Socketoints 0hi+and shoulder2

Hin!e oints0hu$erusand ulna knee ,n!ersand toes2

;i(ot oints0radius andulna forear$5elo# and

the ,rst " (erterae of'our s+ine2

3lidin! oints 0car+al2

Saddle oints0thu$sternu$5cla(icle2

-ond'loid oints0,n!ers2

T f i t l i, ti h


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>all @ Socketoints 0hi+ andshoulder2

The ON=Y $ulti/directional oints'ou ha(e

T f i t l i, ti h


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Hin!e oints0hu$erus and ulnaknee ,n!ers and toes2

1 ran!e of $o(e$ent 0%i+/+hone2

T +es of oints classi,cation sha+e


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;i(ot oints0radius and ulnaforear$5elo# and the ,rst "(erterae of 'our s+ine2

4hen 1 one s+ins on

another #hen 'ou sa' no or

turn a door kno2



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3lidin! oints >one surface

al$ost %at

>ones slide alon!each other

E&6 car+al one

+atella/fe$ur



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Saddle oints0thu$sternu$5cla(icle2

" ran!es of $otion

0hold so$ethin! ti!ht9 sa!ittal +lanes+read hand 9 frontal+lane2

-ond'loid oints0,n!ers2

" ran!es of $otion6$ake a ,st 9 sa!ittal+lane s+read ,n!ers9 frontal +lane

- l i t


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-o$+le& oints

*an' oints ha(e characteristics of $ulti+le ointt'+es

Elo# is oth a hin!e oint 0#here ulnaand hu$erus $eet2 as #ell as a +i(otoint 0#here radius and ulna $eet2

nee is si$ilar to the elo# oint #ithouas $uch %e&iilit' 0$uch stron!er andli$ited2

Te$+oro/$andiular oint has oth late

and dorsal5(entral $o(e$ent

-o$+le& s'no(ial oints


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-o$+le& s'no(ial oints

In a fe# oints 0a# 9

te$+oro/$andiular20sternu$5collarone9sterno/cla(icular20ankle 9 distal tiia/,ula2 there is anarticular disc

In 'our knee this iscalled a meniscus

for !uidance of the kneeones

for shock asor+tion

Accessories to s'no(ial oints


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Accessories to s'no(ial ointsOther structures +resent in

s'no(ial oints6

Tendons6 colla!en/asedconnecti(e tissue holds $uscle toone

=i!a$ents6 colla!en/asedconnecti(e tissue holds one to one

>ursa6 ,rous 7sac8 that holdss'no(ial %uid

4ra+s around $uscles +re(entruin!

7ursitis8 9 in%a$$ation of theursa


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References

*iller *.D. et al. ?I. O(er(ie# of Ortho+eaedics. Else(ier. "B11

Solo$on =. et al. III. A+le'Cs -oncise s'ste$ of ortho+aedics and fractures.

structure of joint

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